Nursing Research

Vital statistic in nursing

1. LEARNING OUTCOME
Define Vital statistic
State the uses of Vital Statistics
Define Demography
State the main demography data in Malaysia
Explain briefly the following statistics:
- Crude Birth Rate
- Crude Death Rate
- Perinatal Mortality Rate
- Neonatal Mortality Rate
- Maternal Mortality Rate
- Infant Mortality Rate

2. DEFINITION OF VITAL STATISTIC

The information maintained by a government, recording the birth and death
of individuals within that government's jurisdiction.
These data are used by public health programs to evaluate how effective are
their programs and are the cornerstone to public health systems today.
A useful by-product of birth and death registration are official certificates of
those events. These certificates serve as prima facie evidence of that
event.
3. USE OF VITAL STATISTICS
These data are used by public health programs to evaluate how effective are
their programs and are the cornerstone to public health systems today.

Vital statistics is an integral part of the health information. It is a basic tool

of health management.
3. USE OF VITAL STATISTICS
The health management system (HMS) is composed of several related sub-
systems, which can be categorized in following areas:
1. Demography and vital events
2. Health status – mortality, morbidity – disability
3. Health resources : facilities, beds, manpower
4. Utilization of health services
5. Financial statistics related to health, medical services and medical
education

4. DEFINITION OF DEMOGRAPHY
is the statistical study of human populations. It can be a general science that
can be applied to any kind of dynamic population, that is, one that
changes over time or space.
It encompasses the study of the size, structure and distribution of
populations, and spatial and/or temporal changes in them in response to
birth, death, migration and aging.
5. MAIN DEMOGRAPHY DATA IN MALAYSIA

Crude Birth Rate (per 1000 population) = 18.7

Crude Death Rate (per 1000 population)= 4.5
Stillbirth Rate (per 1000 total births) = 4.3
Perinatal Mortality Rate (per 1000 total births)
= 7.3
Neonatal Mortality Rate (per 1000 live births) (P) = 3.9
Infant Mortality Rate (per 1000 live births)
= 6.6

MAIN DEMOGRAPHY DATA IN MALAYSIA

Toddler Mortality Rate (per 1000 toddler pop.) = 0.5
Maternal Mortality Rate (per 1000 live births) = 0.3
Life Expectancy at Birth (in Years) :
- Male = 71.8
- Female = 76.3
Percentage Distribution of Live births by Birth weight :
- Under 2.5 KG = 8.6
- 2.5 KG & Over = 91.4

5.1 CRUDE BIRTH RATE

Number of live births per 1,000 population.
(Total Live Births / Total Population) x 1000
5.2 CRUDE DEATH RATE
Number of deaths per 1,000 population.
(Total Deaths / Total Population) x 1000

5.3 NEONATAL DEATH RATE

Deaths among infants under 28 days of age per 1,000 live
births.

5.4 PERINATAL MORTALITY RATE

neonatal deaths and stillbirths beyond 28 weeks of
pregnancy make up the perinatal mortality rate
5.5 MATERNAL DEATH/MORTALITY RATE
Number of deaths from complications of pregnancy, childbirth,
and the puerperium per 10,000 live births
5.6 INFANT DEATH/MORTALITY RATE
Deaths among infants under one year of age per 1,000 live births.
(Total Deaths Among Infants Under One Year of Age / Total
Live Births) x 1000
REFERENCES
Polite & Hunger. 1999. Nursing Research: Principles and Methods. 6th
Edition. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Polit, Beck & Hungler. 2001. Essentials of Nursing Research: Methods,
Appraisal, and Utilization 5th Edition. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Nieswiadomy. 2001. Foundations of Nursing Research. 4th Edition. Prentice
Hall

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