Location History in a Low-cost Context Awareness Environment

Teddy Mantoro and Chris Johnson

Department of Computer Science, Australian National University
and
Smart Internet Technology Cooperative Research Centre
Building !", North Road,
Australian National University ACT # !$!!, Australia
The proiblem
This paper e%plores ho& usefull is
the location a&areness history for an office 'ased lo&(cost
conte%t(a&areness environment
field establishment
Conte%t(a&areness
solution
)e develop a conte%t agent prototype using ASR called
Speech Conte%t Agent *SpeechCA+ in the distri'uted support
architecture for I,- )e use the cross platform .ava Speech
A/I *.SA/I+ that implements speech synthesis and voice
recognition-
The SpeechCA needs a grammar to control the recognition
process 'y telling the spea0er &hat &ords they are e%pected
to say and the patterns in &hich these &ords may occur- The
advantage of a grammar file is that it ma0es the recognition
faster and more accurate
contribution
1ur goal is to develop interfaces that implicitly can
understand &hat the user &ants to do in the office lo&(cost
conte%t environment, &hich is only possi'le if a conte%t
a&are application e%ists for the devices- It should 'e 'ased
on the user2s current conte%t and relevant history of location,
activity, identity and time- The conte%t a&are application
could 'e designed to use the incoming conte%t information
services to use the incoming conte%t services to encode some
action-
evaluation
In this paper &e sho&ed that lo&(cost conte%t(a&areness can
'e implemented using e%isting devices and 'y providing an
improved interface 'et&een user and devices- )e gave an
overvie& of availa'le technology that can 'e used for
ac3uiring information from the user and the environment-
User Location and Mobility for Distributed
Intelligent
Environment
Teddy Mantoro
Department of Computer Science, Australian National University, ACT(!$!!, Australia
45($(5$6 7"8"
teddy-mantoro9anu-edu-au
The proiblem
)e have e%plored
precise, pro%imate and predicted users2 location using
variety of sensors *i-e- )i:i and Bluetooth+ and investigate
ho& the sensors fit in an A1 to have interopera'ility to
detect users-
The pro'lem is to com'ine these 0no&n location data to
determine a user2s actual location &ith sufficient precision
for office activity purposes-
field establishment
Conte%t(a&areness
solution
)e used the Bluetooth access point as a sensor for several
rooms &ithin the range- :or e%ample, &hen a user is close
to a certain access point, his location &ill 'e pro%imately
close to the access point and it could represent user
location from several rooms-
)e used self organi;ing map *<ohonen map+ approach of
artificial neural net&or0 to cluster the signal strength data-
1nce &e get the signal strength cluster allocation in the
local I,, &e can directly get current user location-
In our e%periment using )i:i, &e used access points to
measure signal strength in t&o ad=acent 'uildings, already
installed for )>AN access-
contribution
1ur e%periment using )i:i and
Bluetooth as pro%imate location in an A1 has sho&ed their
good results in sensing user location- The result can 'e
improved 'y developing interopera'ility 'et&een sensors
to get aggregate sensor data-
evaluation
Aggregate of precise location has first priority and is
follo&ed 'y pro%imate and predicted locations
respectively- This means that &hen the A1 receives
information from aggregate precise location, then the current user2s location is determined- If not, then &e
chec0
using aggregate pro%imate location data-
ser Mobility Model in an Active !ffice
Teddy ?antoro, C-)- .ohnson
Department of Computer Science, Australian National University,
North Road, ACT !$!!, Australia
{teddy,cwj}@cs.anu.edu.au
The proiblem
This paper descri'es user
mo'ility 'y detecting their changing locations-
Unfortunately, computers and communications systems today are underused 'ecause
the range of control mechanisms and application interfaces are too diverse-
Conte%t a&areness mechanisms could 'e the 'est &ay to implement computer applications
in I,
field establishment
The Intelligent ,nvironment *I,+
solution
)e developed a model to predict and pro%imate
user location using &ireless sensors in the ?erino layering architecture, i-e- the
architecture for scala'le conte%t processing in an Intelligent ,nvironment-
contribution
This paper proposed an implementation model of an Active 1ffice environment
&hich is simple, efficient, scala'le, fault tolerant and applica'le to a range of heterogeneity
computing platforms-
This paper has descri'ed the re3uirement of recogni;ing user locations and activities
in the ?erino service layer architecture, i-e- the architecture for scala'le conte%t
processing in a u'i3uitous computing environment and am'ient intelligent *em'edded
sensing devices+ environment-
evaluation
1ur e%periment using )i:i and Bluetooth in determining pro%imate location in an
Active 1ffice has sho&n good results in sensing user location- At present, )i:i
rather than Bluetooth seems to 'e the 'etter &ay to fi% precise location using pro%imate
sensors - The result can 'e improved 'y developing interopera'ility 'et&een
sensors to yield aggregate sensor data