MZUMBE UNIVERSITY

(CHUO KIKUU MZUMBE)

GUIDELINES FOR WRITING THESIS OR DISSERTATION
Prepared by:
The Directorate of Reearch! P"b#icatio$! a$d Pot%rad"ate &t"die
P'O' Bo( )*
M+",be
Moro%oro! Ta$+a$ia
Te#: -.// (0) .* .)01*20343*31
5a(: -.// (0) .* .)01*2.
E6,ai#: ,"7,+",be'ac't+
8ebite: 999',+",be'ac't+
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION ONE
INTRODUCTION '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' 4
4'4 Prea,b#e '' '' '' '' '' '' '' 4
4'. Thei :er" diertatio$ '' '' '' '' '' 4
4'* Ob;ecti:e of the thei or diertatio$ optio$ '' '' 4
4'1 <o$6thei 3<o$6 diertatio$ optio$' '' '' '' '' 4
SECTION TWO
FONTS, MARGINS, SPACING, PARAGRAPHS, PAGINATIONS, ETC.
.'4 Typi$% a$d paci$% '' '' '' '' '' '' .
.'. Diertatio$3 Thei tit#e a$d it chapter'' '' '' '' .
.'* 5o$t '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' .
.'1 Para%raph '' '' '' '' '' '' '' .
.'/ =a$%"a%e '' '' '' '' '' '' '' .
.') Treat,e$t of abbre:iatio$ '' '' '' '' '' .
.'> ?"otatio$ '' '' '' '' '' '' '' *
.'2 Pa%i$atio$ '' '' '' '' '' '' '' *
.'@ Mar%i$ '' '' '' '' '' '' *
.'40 Capita#iatio$ a$d bo#di$% of 9ord '' '' '' '' *
.'44 Tab#e a$d their $",beri$% '' '' '' '' '' *
.'4. 5i%"re! dia%ra,! %raph! chart! i##"tratio$! a$d photo%raph 1
SECTION THREE
THESIS/DISSERTATION OUTLINE
*'4 &eA"e$ci$% the ,a;or part '' '' '' '' '' /
*'. Detai# of the pre#i,i$ary ite, '' '' '' '' )
*'* Headi$% '' '' '' '' '' '' '' >
*'1 =e$%th of the thei3diertatio$ '' '' '' '' 2
*'/ 5i$a# "b,iio$ '' '' '' '' '' '' 2
SECTION FOUR
DOCUMENTATION
1'4 Doc",e$tatio$ ty#e '' '' '' '' '' '' @
1'. BPB ty#e for i$6te(t citatio$ '' '' '' '' 40
1'* BPB ty#e for refere$ce '' '' '' '' '' 4.
1'*'4 BooC '' '' '' '' '' '' '' 4*
1'*'. Periodica# '' '' '' '' '' '' 41
1'*'* E#ectro$ic o"rce '' '' '' '' '' 4/
1'*'1 Other o"rce '' '' '' '' '' '' 4)
1'*'/ =e%a# Doc",e$t'' '' '' '' '' '' 4)
1'*'/'4 Citatio$ of cae'' '' '' '' '' '' 4)
1'*'/'. Citatio$ of tat"te'' '' '' '' '' '' 4>
Bppe$dice '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' 42
i
SECTION ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Pream!e"
I$ ,a$y "$i:eritie! a thei or a diertatio$ repree$t the c"#,i$atio$ of a
,a;or reearch pro;ect that ho"#d ,aCe a i%$ifica$t co$trib"tio$ to C$o9#ed%e
i$ a %i:e$ fie#d' De$era##y! a thei3diertatio$ ref#ect a #ear$i$% e(perie$ce for
a t"de$t' To ,ai$tai$ a hi%h ta$dard of a t"de$tE 9orC that i acceptab#e for a
%rad"ate de%ree! the Directorate of Reearch! P"b#icatio$! a$d Pot%rad"ate
&t"die (DRP&) ha de:e#oped %"ide#i$e to ait t"de$t i$ prepari$% their
thee or diertatio$' The %"ide#i$e are a#o "ef"# to "$der%rad"ate t"de$t i$
9riti$% their fie#d9orC report beide ,ot other acade,ic 9riti$%' 5or ,atter
$ot co:ered by thee %"ide#i$e! each t"de$t ho"#d co$"#t other o"rce for
additio$a# c#arificatio$' 8ith e(ceptio$ of the 5ac"#ty of =a9 9here o,e of
their 9riti$% ty#e a$d reA"ire,e$t ,ay differ fro, 9hat i pro:ided i$ thi
doc",e$t! 9here thee other o"rce differ or co$f#ict 9ith thee %"ide#i$e! o"r
%"ide#i$e ha## %o:er$'
1.# T$e%&% 'er%(% )&%%er*a*&+,
More ofte$ tha$ $ot! the t9o ter,! thei or diertatio$! are "ed
i$tercha$%eab#y tho"%h FtheiE i ""a##y "ed for a reearch 9orC i$
pro%ra,,e that %o 9itho"t a co"re9orC 9hi#e Fdiertatio$E i app#ied to a
reearch 9orC that i$:o#:e a co"re9orC a$d he$ce the diertatio$ beco,e a
partia# f"#fi#,e$t for the reA"ire,e$t of that pro%ra,,e'
1.- O.e/*&'e% +0 *$e *$e%&% +r )&%%er*a*&+, +1*&+,
The ob;ecti:e of the thei optio$ i$c#"de:
(i) To pro:ide a$ opport"$ity for the t"de$t to i$te%rate c#aroo,
C$o9#ed%e a$d practice
(ii) To e$ab#e %rad"ate t"de$t to do a$ i$depe$de$t t"dy to ref#ect a
creati:e e$dea:o"r that ca$ ,aCe a i%$ifica$t co$trib"tio$ to C$o9#ed%e
i$ a %i:e$ fie#d
(iii) To de:e#op t"de$tE abi#ity to read profeio$a# #iterat"re! report! a$d
other 9orC critica##y i$ their dei%$! treat,e$t of data! a$d co$c#"io$
(i:) To tre$%the$ the abi#ity of the t"de$t i$ pree$ti$% their reearch 9orC
i$ a c#ear! co$cie! a$d #o%ica# ,a$$er a$d e$ab#e other reader to "e the
re"#t of their i$:eti%atio$'
1.2 N+,3*$e%&%/)&%%er*a*&+, +1*&+,
5or :ario" reao$! certai$ "$i:eritie ha:e etab#ihed $o$6thei3$o$6
diertatio$ optio$ for their pot%rad"ate t"de$t! "btit"ti$% the, 9ith
co,prehe$i:e 9ritte$ e(a,i$atio$' The M+",be U$i:erity i$it that a##
%rad"ate t"de$t 9rite a diertatio$ i$ co,p#eti$% their pro%ra,,e'

4
SECTION TWO
TYPING STYLE
FONTS, MARGINS, SPACING, PARAGRAPHS, PAGINATION, ETC
#.1 T41&,5 a,) %1a/&,5
(i) The thei3diertatio$ ,"t be pri$ted o$ %ood A"a#ity B1 paper' Thi i
to e$"re c#ear copie of the 9orC
(ii) E(cept for tab#e 9hoe te(t ho"#d be i$%#e paced! paci$% for a## other
te(t ho"#d be 4'/G a$d o$ o$e ide of the paper o$#y
(iii) E(cept for te(t i$ the tab#e! a## other te(t ,"t a#9ay be ;"tified
#.# D&%%er*a*&+,/*$e%&% *&*!e a,) &*% /$a1*er%
(i) 8rite the ,ai$ tit#e of the thei3diertatio$ i$ capita# of bo#ded 41 fo$t
i+e' B## other te(t after the tit#e! "ch a the a"thorE $a,e! ho"#d be i$
capita# a$d ,a## #etter! a$d ho"#d be i$ fo$t i+e of 4.! bo#ded a$d
ce$tredG for a,p#e! ee Bppe$di( II' P#eae $ote that Bppe$di( II i for
tit#e pa%e a$d $ot for the co:er pa%e' The tit#e of the diertatio$3thei
,"t $ot e(ceed .0 9ord
(ii) Chapter i$ the diertatio$3thei ,"t be capita#i+ed! ce$tred! a$d bo#ded
"i$% fo$t i+e 4.G for a,p#e! ee Bppe$di( HI
(iii) Each $e9 chapter ho"#d be%i$ o$ a $e9 pa%e
#.- F+,*%
(i) B## te(t ,"t be 9ritte$ i$ Ti,e <e9 Ro,a$
(ii) B## te(t ,"t be typed i$ fo$t i+e 4. e(cept for tab#e 9hoe fo$t ho"#d
be 40
#.2 Para5ra1$%
Be%i$ each para%raph a$d each "b6headi$% by hitti$% the e$ter Cey o$ce' The
para%raph ho"#d $ot be i$de$ted'
#.6 La,5(a5e
The thei 3diertatio$ ,"t be 9ritte$ i$ UK E$%#ih'
#.7 Trea*me,* +0 are'&a*&+,%
The "b;ect ho"#d be tated i$ f"## fo##o9ed by the abbre:iatio$ or acro$y,
p#aced i$ bracCet the firt ti,e it appear' E(a,p#e: Ba$C of Ta$+a$ia (BoT)! i$
"beA"e$t citatio$ o$#y the abbre:iatio$ BoT ho"#d be "ed' B #it of
abbre:iatio$ a$d acro$y, "ed i$ the thei or diertatio$ ho"#d be i$c#"ded
i$ the pre#i,i$ary pa%e of the doc",e$t' It i $ot correct to "e a$ a,pera$d
(I) or a $",ber e'%' 1
th
a part of 9ord i$ the te(t' E(ceptio$ to thi r"#e i$c#"de:
Brabic $",ber ca$ be "ed 9ith the 9ord perce$t or the perce$t i%$ (J)!
e'%' 40 perce$t or 40J
.
Brabic $",ber are a#o "ed i$ the fo##o9i$% cae: ti,e fo##o9ed by a','!
or p','! pa%e $",ber! dei%$atio$ of fi%"re $",ber! a$d data A"oted fro, a
tab#e or fi%"re'
#.8 9(+*a*&+,%
?"otatio$ of fe9er tha$ fo"r #i$e ca$ be i$corporated i$to the te(t a$d A"otatio$
,arC ho"#d be "ed' ?"otatio$ of ,ore tha$ fo"r #i$e are i$de$ted a$d
a#i%$ed fo"r pace fro, the #eft ,ar%i$' <o A"otatio$ ,arC are reA"ired' The
A"otatio$ ho"#d be i$%#e paced! a$d ho"#d be i$ ita#ic' If yo" 9a$t to o,it
o,e 9ord i$ the ,idd#e of a e$te$ce bei$% A"oted! it ho"#d be i$dicated by
three dot' B#o! a$ o,iio$ i$ a A"otatio$ fo##o9i$% a co,p#ete e$te$ce i
ho9$ by three dot'
#.: Pa5&,a*&+,
(i) Pa%i$ate a## pre#i,i$ary pa%e i$ #o9er cae Ro,a$ $",era#! i'e' KiK! KiiK!
KiiiK! etc'! be%i$$i$% 9ith the tit#e pa%e! b"t $ot $",beri$% the co:er pa%e
(ii) <",ber the pa%e of the body of the thei i$ Brabic $",era#! i'e' K4K!
K.K! K*K! etc'! co$ec"ti:e#y! a$d thro"%ho"t'
(iii) The pa%e $",ber ho"#d appear at the botto, of the pa%e! a$d ho"#d be
ce$tred'
#.; Mar5&,%
(i) The #eft6ha$d ,ar%i$ ,"t be 1'0 c, fro, the #eft ed%e of the paper'
(ii) The ri%ht6ha$d ,ar%i$ ,"t be .'/ c, fro, the ri%ht ed%e'
(iii) The top ,ar%i$ ,"t be 1'0 c, fro, the top of the pa%e'
(i:) The botto, ,ar%i$ ,"t be .'/ c, fro, the botto, ed%e of the paper'
#.1< Ca1&*a!&%a*&+, a,) +!)&,5 +0 =+r)%
Ca$didate ho"#d a ,"ch a poib#e a:oid "$$eceary bo#di$% a$d
capita#iatio$ of 9ord or e$te$ce' B"t o$ce they fee# there i $eed to do that!
the bo#di$% a$d capita#iatio$ ,"t be "ed co$ite$t#y'
#.11 Ta!e% a,) *$e&r ,(mer&,5
(i) Tab"#ar ,ateria# of fi:e or ,ore hori+o$ta# #i$e i ""a##y pree$ted i$ the
thei3diertatio$ a a tab#e' The te(t i$ thee tab#e ho"#d be i$%#e6
paced'
(ii) Ca$didate ,ay p"t ,ore tha$ o$e tab#e o$ the a,e pa%e pro:ided they
are eparated by fo"r #i$e'
(iii) B tab#e ca$$ot be co$ti$"ed (broCe$) to the $e(t pa%e "$#e the tit#e
reappear i$ each tab#e' The headi$% a$d the tab#e ite#f are i$eparab#e'
(i:) Tab#e ho"#d be referred to by their $",ber a$d $ot by a phrae "ch a
Lthe pre:io" or the fo##o9i$% tab#eM'
(:) =o$% tab#e ho"#d be p#aced i$ the appe$di( ectio$'
*
(:i) Tab#e $",beri$% ,"t be co$ec"ti:e 9ithi$ chapter' 5or e(a,p#e! the
firt tab#e "$der Chapter 5o"r co"#d be $",bered a Tab#e 1'4 a$d the
eco$d o$e a Tab#e 1'.'
(:ii) The $",ber a$d the tit#e of the tab#e ,"t appear o$ top of each tab#e
9hi#e the o"rce of the ,ateria# i$ that tab#e! ho"#d appear at the botto,
of that tab#e'
(:iii) Capita#ie o$#y the firt #etter of the firt 9ord of the tab#e headi$% e(cept
for proper $a,e of thi$% or abbre:iatio$3acro$y, i$ that tab#e'
#.1# F&5(re%, )&a5ram%, 5ra1$%, /$ar*%, &!!(%*ra*&+,%, a,) 1$+*+5ra1$%
(i) B$y dia%ra,! %raph! or chart (i$c#"di$% a photo%raph) i ""a##y pree$ted
a a fi%"re'
(ii) B## fi%"re ho"#d be 9ritte$ i$ f"## to decribe 9hat they are ayi$%' 5or
co$ite$cy p"rpoe! they ho"#d be $",bered a$d #abe##ed i$ the a,e
9ay a tab#e! 9ith their o"rce a$d a## other e#aboratio$ p#aced at the
botto, of the repecti:e fi%"re' U$#e the fi%"re are bi% e$o"%h to
deer:e eparate pa%e by the,e#:e! they ,"t be i$c#"ded i$ the te(t'
1
SECTION THREE
THESIS/DISSERTATION OUTLINE
-.1 Se>(e,/&,5 *$e ma.+r 1ar*% +0 a *$e%&% +r a )&%%er*a*&+,
(i) Ca$didate ,"t eA"e$ce the 1re!&m&,ar4 1a5e% i$ the fo##o9i$% order:
Co:er pa%e N ee attached a,p#e 6 Bppe$di( I
Tit#e pa%e N ee attached a,p#e 6 Bppe$di( II
Certificatio$ N ee attached a,p#e 6 Bppe$di( IH
Dec#aratio$ N ee attached a,p#e 6 Bppe$di( H
Copyri%ht N ee attached a,p#e 6 Bppe$di( H
BcC$o9#ed%e,e$t
Dedicatio$ (if a$y)
Bbbre:iatio$ a$d acro$y,
Bbtract
Tab#e of co$te$t
=it of tab#e
=it of fi%"re
(iii) E(cept for the 5ac"#ty of =a9! a## thee3diertatio$ 9i## co$tai$ a* !ea%*
the fo##o9i$% chapter:
C$a1*er I" I,*r+)(/*&+, +r 1r+!em %e**&,5
C$a1*er II" L&*era*(re re'&e=
C$a1*er III" Re%ear/$ me*$+)+!+54
C$a1*er IV" Pre%e,*a*&+, +0 0&,)&,5%
C$a1*er V" D&%/(%%&+, +0 *$e 0&,)&,5%
C$a1*er VI" S(mmar4, /+,/!(%&+,%, a,) 1+!&/4 &m1!&/a*&+,%
Re0ere,/e%
A11e,)&/e%
The fo##o9i$% are o,e of the co$te$t that the chapter of the thei or
diertatio$ ,ay co$tai$' P!ea%e ,+*e that the order a$d the $",ber of the
"%%eted "b6the,e i$ each chapter are "b;ect the tate of the acade,ic
ad:ior a$d the t"de$t'

I,*r+)(/*&+, +r 1r+!em %e**&,5
6 BacC%ro"$d
6 &tate,e$t of the prob#e,
6 Reearch A"etio$()
6 Ob;ecti:e
6 &cope! i%$ifica$ce! ratio$a#e! a$d3or ;"tificatio$ of the
t"dy
6 Or%a$i+atio$ of the thei or diertatio$
L&*era*(re re'&e=
/
6 Theoretica# part
6 E,pirica# part
6 Co$cept"a# fra,e9orC a$d reearch ,ode#
6 Hypothee
Re%ear/$ me*$+)+!+54
6 Type of the t"dy! t"dy area! t"dy pop"#atio$! "$it of
a$a#yi! :ariab#e a$d their ,ea"re,e$t! a,p#e i+e a$d
a,p#i$% tech$iA"e! type a$d o"rce of data! data
co##ectio$ ,ethod! :a#idity i"e! a$d data a$a#yi ,ethod
S(mmar4, /+,/!(%&+,%, 1+!&/4 &m1!&/a*&+,% 9i## i$c#"de #i,itatio$ of
the t"dy a$d area for f"rther reearch
(i:) 5or the 5ac"#ty of =a9! the thei or diertatio$ 9i## co$tai$ at #eat the
fo##o9i$% chapter:
C$a1*er I" I,*r+)(/*&+,
C$a1*er II" C+,/e1*(a! 0rame=+r?
C$a1*er III, IV@" Ma&, +)4 +0 *$e *$e%&% A)&%/(%%&+, +0 *$e %*()4B
C$a1*er AVIB"S(mmar4, /+,/!(%&+,, a,) re/+mme,)a*&+,%
Re0ere,/e%
A11e,)&/e%
The fo##o9i$% are o,e of the co$te$t that C$a1*er I of the thei or
diertatio$ for the 5ac"#ty of =a9 9i## co$tai$:
6 BacC%ro"$d
6 &tate,e$t of the prob#e,
6 Hypothee or reearch A"etio$()
6 Ob;ecti:e
6 &i%$ifica$ce3;"tificatio$3"ti#ity of the reearch
6 =iterat"re re:ie9
6 Reearch ,ethodo#o%y
-.# De*a&!% +0 *$e 1re!&m&,ar4 &*em%
(i) Co:er pa%e:
The co:er pa%e ho"#d bear the tit#e of the diertatio$ i$ capita# of 41
fo$t i+e! 1c, fro, the "pper ,ar%i$! 9hich 9i## be e,boed i$ %o#d!
a$d 9hich 9i## be ce$tered! ee attached a,p#e 6 Bppe$di( I
(ii) Tit#e pa%e:
Ca$didate ,"t arra$%e the tit#e pa%e a fo##o9:
6 The ,ai$ tit#e of the thei3diertatio$ ,"t be i$ capita# of 41 fo$t
i+e! bo#ded! a$d ce$tred (ee Bppe$di( II)'
6 I$ert ca$didateE f"## $a,e i(tee$ pace after the tit#e
6 The ca$didateE $a,e ,"t be i$ the ce$tre of the tit#e pa%e i$
bo#ded 4. fo$t i+e'
6 I$ert the fo##o9i$% 9ord for a diertatio$: LB Diertatio$
&"b,itted i$ Partia# 5"#fi#,e$t of the ReA"ire,e$t for B9ard of
)
the De%ree of (i$ert $a,e of de%ree) of M+",be U$i:erityM! fi:e
pace after the $a,e'
6 The fo##o9i$% 9ord ,"t be i$erted for a thei: LB Thei i$
5"#fi#,e$t of the ReA"ire,e$t for B9ard of the De%ree of (i$ert
$a,e of the de%ree) of M+",be U$i:erityM! fi:e pace after the
$a,e
6 The ,o$th a$d year of co,p#etio$ of the thei3diertatio$ ,"t be
tated at the botto,! preceded by the 9ord FM+",be U$i:erityE
o$e pace be#o9 the abo:e 9ord'
The tit#e pa%e 9i## ree,b#e the co$te$t of the co:er pa%e e(cept that
9hi#e the co:er pa%e i i$ a hard co:er! thi tit#e pa%e 9i## be o$#y i$ a
$or,a# paper
(iii) Certificatio$: ee attached a,p#e Bppe$di( IH
(i:) Dec#aratio$: ee attached a,p#e Bppe$di( H
(:) Copyri%ht: ee attached a,p#e Bppe$di( H
(:i) BcC$o9#ed%e,e$t:
I$ thi ectio$! the ca$didate 9i## acC$o9#ed%e a## thoe 9ho "pported
hi,3her i$ acco,p#ihi$% the thei3diertatio$ i$ 9hate:er for,'
(:ii) Dedicatio$ (if a$y):
The ca$didate ca$ 9rite a$ythi$% re#ati$% to 9ho, the 9orC he3he ha
do$e i dedicated
(:iii) Bbtract:
B$ abtract i a co$cie b"t co,prehe$i:e ",,ary of the e$tire 9orC' It
9i## therefore ref#ect at #eat ,a;or e#e,e$t of the fo##o9i$%:
6 B tate,e$t of the prob#e, a$d the t"dy ob;ecti:e
6 B brief decriptio$ of the ,ethodo#o%y i$c#"di$% the a,p#e i+e
6 B co$de$ed ",,ary of the fi$di$%
6 Co$c#"io$ a$d po#icy i,p#icatio$
The abtract ho"#d be o$ o$e pa%e o$#y' The reco,,e$ded #e$%th i *00
9ord for a ,aterE 9orC a$d */0 9ord for a doctora# 9orC'
(ii) Tab#e of co$te$t:
The tab#e of co$te$t pree$t the pecific pa%e ref#ecti$% ,ai$ headi$%
a$d "b6headi$% of the theiE or diertatio$E co$te$t' It i hi%h#y
ad:iab#e for t"de$t to create a$ a"to,atic tab#e of co$te$t a part of
the #ear$i$% proce'
(iii) =it of tab#e a$d #it of fi%"re:
Thi ectio$ pree$t the pecific pa%e of 9here the tab#e a$d fi%"re are
#ocated i$ the doc",e$t' The #it of tab#e a$d the #it of fi%"re ho"#d be
p#aced o$ differe$t pa%e' B%ai$! it i hi%h#y ad:iab#e for t"de$t to
#ear$ to create the #it of tab#e a$d fi%"re a"to,atica##y a part of the
#ear$i$% proce'
>
-.- Hea)&,5%
Headi$% a$d "b6headi$% for a thei or diertatio$ 9i## be 9ritte$ "$der fo"r
#e:e# at ,ot: the ,ai$ headi$% (Headi$% 4) fo##o9ed by three #e:e# of "b6
headi$%: Headi$% .G Headi$% *G a$d Headi$% 1! ee Bppe$di( HI'
-.2 Le,5*$ +0 *$e *$e%&%/)&%%er*a*&+,
(i) Mater diertatio$ 9i## ra$%e bet9ee$ )0N4/0 pa%e! e(c#"di$%
appe$dice' Mater thei 9i## ra$%e "p to .00 pa%e
(ii) Ph'D' diertatio$ 9i## ra$%e bet9ee$ 4/0N*00 pa%e! e(c#"di$%
appe$dice' Ph'D' thei 9i## ra$%e "p to 100 pa%e
-.6 F&,a! %(m&%%&+,
(i) Before fi$a# "b,iio$! a Mater ca$didate 9i## "b,it fo"r (1) #ooe6
bo"$d copie to hi3her fac"#ty3directorate3choo# for fi$a# ,arCi$% 9hi#e
a Ph'D' ca$didate 9i## "b,it i( ())
(ii) Bfter atifactori#y co,p#eti$% a## reco,,e$ded correctio$! a Mater
ca$didate ha## "b,it fo"r (1) hard6bo"$d copie of the thei3diertatio$
to hi3her fac"#ty or directorate! 9hi#e a Ph'D' ca$didate ha## "b,it i(
())' Each copy ha## be bo"$d b#acC' O$#y the tit#e of the thei
3diertatio$ e,boed i$ %o#d 9i## appear o$ the co:er pa%e'
(iii) The pi$e of the thei3diertatio$ ha## be e,boed i$ %o#d! beari$%:
6 the "r$a,e a$d i$itia# of the ca$didate
6 the de%ree for 9hich the diertatio$3thei ha bee$ "b,itted
6 the year of de%ree a9ard! that i! 9hether MBB! M&c' Ph'D'! etc'
6 a$d ho"#d be i$ 41 fo$t i+e
(i:) The 9riti$% o$ the pi$e ha## read fro, the top to botto, 9he$ p#aced o$
a he#f! ee Bppe$di( III'
2
SECTION FOUR
DOCUMENTATION
2.1 D+/(me,*a*&+, %*4!e%
Bcade,ic "e :ario" refere$ce yte,! 9hich ha:e ,i$or differe$ce here a$d
there' 8e adopt the B,erica$ Pycho#o%ica# Bociatio$ (BPB) yte,' The
yte, reA"ire o$#y t9o e#e,e$t! a$ i$6te(t refere$ce! a$d a i$%#e! i$te%rated
bib#io%raphy at the e$d of the diertatio$3thei'
4 BPB ty#e for i$6te(t citatio$
6 B"thorE $a,e i$ a i%$a# phrae
6 B"thorE $a,ed i$ pare$thee
6 T9o a"thor
6 Three to fi:e a"thor
6 &i( to ,ore a"thor
6 Or%a$iatio$ a a"thor
6 U$C$o9$ a"thor
6 T9o or ,ore a"thor 9ith the a,e #at $a,e
6 T9o or ,ore o"rce 9ithi$ the a,e pare$thee
6 &pecific part of a o"rce
6 E6,ai# a$d other pero$a# co,,"$icatio$
6 8or#d 9ide 9ebite
.' BPB ty#e for a #it of refere$ce
BooC
6 O$e a"thor
6 T9o or ,ore a"thor
6 Or%a$iatio$ a a"thor
6 U$C$o9$ a"thor
6 Editor
6 &e#ectio$ i$ a booC 9ith a$ editor
6 Tra$#atio$
6 Editio$ other tha$ the firt
6 O$e :o#",e of a ,"#ti:o#",e 9orC
6 Brtic#e i$ a refere$ce 9orC
6 Rep"b#icatio$
6 Do:er$,e$t doc",e$t
6 T9o or ,ore 9orC by the a,e a"thor()
Periodica#
6 Brtic#e i$ a ;o"r$a# pa%i$ated by :o#",e
6 Brtic#e i$ a ;o"r$a# pa%i$ated by i"e
6 Brtic#e i$ a ,a%a+i$e
6 Brtic#e i$ a $e9paper
6 Editoria# or #etter to the editor
6 U$i%$ed artic#e
@
6 Re:ie9
6 P"b#ihed i$ter:ie9
6 T9o or ,ore 9orC by the a,e a"thor i$ the a,e year'
E#ectro$ic o"rce
6 8or#d 9ide 9ebite
Other o"rce
6 Tech$ica# or reearch report a$d 9orCi$% paper
6 Paper pree$ted at a ,eeti$% or y,poi",! "$p"b#ihed
6 Diertatio$! "$p"b#ihed
=e%a# doc",e$tatio$
6 Citatio$ of cae
6 Citatio$ of tat"te
2.# APA %*4!e 0+r &,3*eC* /&*a*&+,%
BPB ty#e reA"ire pare$thetica# citatio$ i$ the te(t to doc",e$t A"otatio$!
paraphrae! ",,arie! a$d other ,ateria# fro, a o"rce' Thee i$6te(t citatio$
correpo$d to f"## bib#io%raphic e$trie i$ a #it of refere$ce a$d the e$d of the
te(t'
4' B"thor $a,ed i$ a i%$a# phrae
De$era##y! "e the a"thorE $a,e i$ a i%$a# phrae to i$trod"ce the cited ,ateria#
a$d p#ace the date i$ pare$thee i,,ediate#y after the a"thorE $a,e' 5or a
A"otatio$! the pa%e $",ber! preceded by p., appear i$ pare$thee after the
A"otatio$' 5or e#ectro$ic te(t or other 9orC 9itho"t pa%e $",ber! para%raph
$",ber ,ay be "ed i$tead'
De4 A1;:-B $a% ar5(e) *$a* *$e 1!a/eme,* +0 =+me, &, 1r&,* a)'er*&%eme,*% &%
%(!&m&,a!!4 &m1+r*a,*.
A% Br&55% A1;8<B +%er'e), 1are,*% 1!a4 a, &m1+r*a,* r+!e &, (&!)&,5 *$e&r
/$&!)re,E% %e!03e%*eem e/a(%e F/$&!)re, 'a!(e *$em%e!'e% *+ *$e )e5ree *$a* *$e4
$a'e ee, 'a!(e)G A1. 12B
Poitio$ the pa%e refere$ce i$ pare$thee t9o pace after the fi$a# p"$ct"atio$
of a #o$%! et6off A"otatio$'
.' B"thor $a,ed i$ pare$thee
8he$ yo" do $ot ,e$tio$ the a"thor i$ a i%$a# phrae i$ yo"r te(t! %i:e the $a,e
a$d the date! eparated by a co,,a! i$ pare$thee at the e$d of the cited
,ateria#'
O,e %*()4 $a% 0+(,) *$a* +,!4 7:H +0 !e**er% re/e&'e) 4 e)&*+r% =ere a/*(a!!4
1(!&%$e) ARe,0r+, 1;8;B.
40
*' T9o a"thor
Ue both $a,e i$ a## citatio$' Ue and i$ a i%$a# phrae! b"t "e a$ a,pera$d
(I) i$ pare$thee'
M(r1$4 a,) Or?+= A1;:6B rea/$e) %+me=$a* )&00ere,* /+,/!(%&+,% 4 )e%&5,&,5 a
%*()4 *$a* =a% !e%% )e1e,)e,* +, %(.e/*&'e .()5eme,* *$a, =ere 1re'&+(% %*()&e%.
A re/e,* %*()4 *$a* =a% !e%% )e1e,)e,* +, %(.e/*&'e .()5eme,* re%(!*e) &,
/+,/!(%&+,% %+me=$a* )&00ere,* 0r+m *$+%e +0 1re'&+(% %*()&e% AM(r1$4 I Or?+=,
1;:6B.
1' Three to fi:e a"thor
=it a## the a"thorE $a,e for the firt refere$ce'
Be!e,?4, C!&,/$4, G+!)er5er, a,) Tar(!e A1;:7B $a'e %(55e%*e) *$a* ma,4 =+me,
re!4 +, +%er'&,5 a,) !&%*e,&,5 *+ +*$er% a% =a4% +0 !ear,&,5 a+(* *$em%e!'e%.
I$ "beA"e$t refere$ce! "e ;"t the firt a"thorE $a,e p#" et al'
Fr+m *$&% eC1er&e,/e, +%er'e) Be!e,?4 e* a!. A1;:7B, =+me, !ear, *+ !&%*e, *+
*$em%e!'e%.
/' &i( or ,ore a"thor
Ue o$#y the firt a"thorE $a,e a$d et al. i$ every citatio$'
A% M(e!!er e* a!. A1;:<B )em+,%*ra*e), *e!e'&%&+, $+!)% *$e 1+*e,*&a! 0+r )&%*+r*&,5
a,) ma,&1(!a*&,5 /+,%(mer% a% 0ree3=&!!e) )e/&%&+, ma?er%'
)' Or%a$iatio$ a a"thor
If the $a,e of a$ or%a$iatio$ or a corporatio$ i #o$%! pe## it o"t the firt ti,e! fo##o9ed
by a$ abbre:iatio$ or acro$y, i$ bracCet' I$ #ater citatio$ "e the abbre:iatio$ or
acro$y, o$#y'
F&r%* /&*a*&+," ACe,*er% 0+r D&%ea%e C+,*r+! JCDCK, 1;;<B. La*er /&*a*&+,% (%e ACDC,
1;;<B.
>' U$C$o9$ a"thor
Ue the tit#e or it firt fe9 9ord i$ a i%$a# phrae or i$ pare$thee (i$ thi e(a,p#e! a
booCE tit#e i$ "$der#i$ed)'
T$e S/$++! 1r+0&!e% 0+r *$e /+(,*4 %(%*a,*&a*e) *$&% *re,) AG(&)e *+ %e/+,)ar4
%/$++!%, 1;:-B.
2' T9o or ,ore a"thor 9ith the a,e #at $a,e
If yo"r #it of refere$ce i$c#"de 9orC by differe$t a"thor 9ith the a,e #at
$a,e! to a:oid co$f"io$! i$c#"de the a"thorE i$itia# i$ each citatio$'
G. L+,e% A1;:2B /+,)(/*e) *$e 5r+(,)rea?&,5 %*()4 +0 re*r+'&r(%e%.
@' T9o or ,ore o"rce 9ithi$ the a,e pare$thee
=it o"rce by differe$t a"thor i$ a#phabetica# order by a"thorE #at $a,e!
eparated by e,ico#o$: (Chodoro9! 4@>2G Di##i$%a$! 4@2.)' =it 9orC by the
a,e a"thor i$ chro$o#o%ica# order! eparated by co,,a (Di##i%a$! 4@>>! 4@2.)
40' E,ai# a$d other pero$a# co,,"$icatio$
Cite a$y pero$a# #etter! e,ai#! e#ectro$ic b"##eti$6board correpo$de$ce!
te#epho$e co$:eratio$! or i$ter:ie9 9ith the pero$ i$itia#() a$d #at $a,e!
44
the ide$tificatio$ pero$a# co,,"$icatio$! a$d the date' <ote! ho9e:er! that
BPB reco,,e$d $ot i$c#"di$% pero$a# co,,"$icatio$ i$ the refere$ce #it'
L.L. M+r&, A1er%+,a! /+mm(,&/a*&+,, O/*+er 12, 1;;;B %(11+r*e) =&*$ ,e=
e'&)e,/e *$e /!a&m% ma)e &, $er ar*&/!e
2.- APA %*4!e 0+r re0ere,/e%
The a#phabetica# #it of the o"rce cited i$ yo"r doc",e$t i ca##ed references'
The a#phabetica# #it of a## o"rce read (cited or $ot) i$ yo"r 9orC i ca##ed
bibliography' M+",be U$i:erity prefer references to bibliography' Here are
o,e %"ide#i$e for prepari$% "ch a #it'
&tart yo"r #it o$ a eparate pa%e after the te(t of yo"r doc",e$t b"t
before a$y appe$dice or $ote'
Type the headi$% References, $either "$der#i$ed $or i$ A"otatio$ ,arC!
ce$tred o$e i$ch fro, the top of the pa%e'
Be%i$ yo"r firt #i$e of each e$try' Do $ot i$de$t the firt #i$e of each
e$try! b"t i$de$t "beA"e$t #i$e o$e6ha#f i$ch or fi:e pace'
=it o"rce a#phabetica##y by a"thorE #at $a,e' If the a"thor of a
o"rce i "$C$o9$! a#phabeti+e the o"rce by each firt ,a;or 9ord of the
tit#e'
B$ e(a,p#e:
A!!e,, L. A1;:#B. O/*a'&+(% Bea!e re/+,%&)ere)" &,0a,*&/&)e, a430arm&,5 a,) a+r*&+, &,
NSW &, *$e 1;-<% &, S4),e4 La+(r H&%*+r4 Gr+(1% AE)%B. What rough Beast? The
State and Social Order in Australian History. S4),e4" Ge+r5e A!!e, a,) U,=&,.
B+=)e,, D. A1;:8B. Re%+(r/e Ma,a5eme,* a,) B()5e*&,5 0+r C!&,&/&a,%, Pa1er 1re%e,*e) *+
.+&,* mee*&,5 +0 *$e Hea!*$ E/+,+m&/% S*()4 Gr+(1 a,) I,%*&*(*e +0 Hea!*$ Ser'&/e%
Ma,a5eme,*. U,&'er%&*4 +0 Y+r?. 8
*$
3;
*$
L(!4, 1;:8.
Car%*a&r%, V. a,) M+rr&%, R. A1;:;B. De1r&'a*&+," eC1!a&,&,5 )&00ere,/e% &, m+r*a!&*4
e*=ee, S/+*!a,) a,) E,5!a,) a,) Wa!e%. British Medical Journal, 299: !"9.
The BPB ty#e pecifie the treat,e$t a$d p#ace,e$t of fo"r baic e#e,e$t N
a"thor! p"b#icatio$ date! tit#e! a$d p"b#icatio$ i$for,atio$'
Author: =it a## a"thor #at $a,e firt! a$d "e o$#y i$itia# for firt a$d
,idd#e $a,e' &eparate the $a,e of ,"#tip#e a"thor 9ith co,,a! a$d
"e a$ a,pera$d before the #at a"thorE
Publication date: E$c#oe the date i$ pare$thee' Ue o$#y the year for
booC a$d ;o"r$a#G "e the year! a co,,a! a$d the ,o$th or ,o$th a$d
day for ,a%a+i$eG "e the year! a co,,a! a$d the ,o$th a$d day for
$e9paper' Do $ot abbre:iate'
Title: Ita#ici+e the tit#e a$d "btit#e of booC a$d periodica#' Do $ot
e$c#oe tit#e of artic#e i$ A"otatio$ ,arC' 5or booC a$d artic#e!
capita#i+e o$#y the firt 9ord of the tit#e a$d "btit#e a$d a$y proper $o"$
or proper ad;ecti:e' Capita#i+e a## firt 9ord i$ a periodica# tit#e! e'%'
British Medical Journal
Publication information: 5or a booC! #it the city of p"b#icatio$ (a$d the
co"$try or pota# abbre:iatio$ for the tate if the city i "$fa,i#iar)!
4.
fo##o9ed by a co#o$! a$d the p"b#iherE $a,e! droppi$% Inc., Co., or
Publishers' 5or a periodica#! 9rite the periodica# tit#e fo##o9ed by a
co,,a! the :o#",e $",ber! the i"e $",ber (if appropriate) i$
pare$thee fo##o9ed by a co,,a! a$d the i$c#"i:e pa%e $",ber of the
artic#e' 5or $e9paper a$d for artic#e or chapter i$ booC! i$c#"de the
abbre:iatio$ p! Lpa%eM or pp. Lpa%eM a$d pro:ide the appropriate pa%e
$",ber e'%' pp' *16)>
The fo##o9i$% a,p#e e$trie are i$ a ha$%i$% i$de$t for,at! i$ 9hich the firt
#i$e a#i%$ o$ the #eft a$d the "beA"e$t #i$e i$de$t o$e6ha#f i$ch or fi:e pace'
Thi i the c"to,ary BPB for,at for fi$a# copy! i$c#"di$% t"de$t paper' <ote!
ho9e:er! that for ,a$"cript "b,itted to ;o"r$a#! BPB reA"ire the re:ere
(firt #i$e i$de$ted! "beA"e$t #i$e f#"hed #eft)! a",i$% that the citatio$ 9i##
be co$:erted by a typeetti$% to a ha$%i$% i$de$t'
#.$.% Boo&s
1. One author
=i%ht,a$! B' (4@@*)' instein!s dreams' <e9 OorC: 8ar$er BooC'
". T'o or (ore authors
<e9co,be! 5'! Ratc#iffe! D' (4@>2)' #efining females: The nature of $omen insociety.
<e9 OorC: 8i##ey'
%. Organisation as author
I$tit"te of 5i$a$cia# Ed"catio$' (4@2*). Income property lending' Ho,e9ood! I=: Do9
Po$e N Ir9i$'
Ue the 9ord Author a the p"b#iher 9he$ the or%a$i+atio$ i both the a"thor a$d
the p"b#iher'
B,erica$ Che,ica# &ociety' (4@>2)' &andboo' for authors of papers in American
Chemical (ociety publications' 8ahi$%to$' DC: B"thor
). )n&no'n author
*ational geographic atlas of the $orld. (4@22)' 8ahi$%to$ D'C': P"b#iher'
+. *ditor
Hardy! H'H' (Ed')' (4@@2)' The proper study of man'ind' <e9 OorC: 5arrar! &tra"'
,. Selection in a +oo& 'ith an editor
8et! C' (4@@.' The pot6,oder$ crii of the b#acC i$te##ect"a#' I$ =' Cultural studies
(pp' )2@ N >0/)' <e9 OorC: Ro"t#ed%e'
-. Translation
D"rChei,! E! (4@/>)' (uicide (P'B' &pa"#di$% I D' &i,po$! Tra$)' I=: 5ree Pre of
D#e$coe'
.. *dition other than the ,irst
Koh$! M'=' (4@>>)' Class and conformity: A study in values (.
$d
ed)' Chica%o:
U$i:erity of Chica%o Pre'
/. One -olu(e o, a (ulti-olu(e 'or&
4*
Ba#te! P'! I Bri,! O'D' (Ed')' (4@20)' 0ife1span development and behaviour 23ol.%4.
<e9 OorC: Baic BooC'

40' Article in a re,erence 'or&
Och! E' (4@2@)' =a$%"a%e acA"iitio$' I$ International encyclopaedia of
communications 23ol. ", pp.%/51%/%4. <e9 OorC: O(ford U$i:erity Pre'
., no author is listed, +egin 'ith the title.
11. /e0u+lication
Pia%et! P' (4@/.)' The language and thought of the child' =o$do$: Ro"t#ed%e I Ke%a$
Pa"#' (Ori%i$a# 9orC p"b#ihed! 4@*.)'
1". 1o-ern(ent docu(ent
U'&' B"rea" of the Ce$"' (4@>/)' &istorical statistics of the 6nited (tates, colonial
times to 1.-5. 8ahi$%to$! D'C': U'&' Do:er$,e$t Pri$ti$% Office'
1%. T'o or (ore 'or&s +y the sa(e authors
=it of t9o or ,ore 9orC by the a,e a"thor i$ chro$o#o%ica# order' Repeat the
a"thorE $a,e i$ each e$try'
Dooda##! P' (4@@4)' Through a $indo$. Boto$: Ho"%hto$6Miff#i$'
Dooda##! P' (4@@.)' Reason for hope: a spiritual 7ourney' <e9 OorC: 8ar$er BooC'
<B: P#ace of p"b#icatio$ co,e before $a,e of p"b#iher eparated by a co#o$' Do
$ot 9rite the $a,e of a co"$try for p#ace of p"b#icatio$ b"t i$tead "e citie or
to9$
#.$.2 2eriodicals
1. Article in a (aga3ine
&hy! R' (4@24)' B Ho#itic :ie9 of #a$%"a%e' Research in the Teaching of nglish, 4/'
4046444'
". Article in a 4ournal 0aginated +y issue
Maie$+a! P'D' (4@2))' The "perite$de$cy: Characteritic of acce for ,e$ a$d 9o,e$'
ducational Administration 8uarterly, "" 2)4. +/1-/.
%. Article in a ne's0a0er
Bro9$e! M'8' (4@22! Bpri# .))' =aer for the batt#efie#d raie co$cer$ for eyei%ht' The
*e$ 9or' Times! pp' C4! C2'
1. *ditorial or letter to the editor
R"e##! P'&' (4@@1! March .>)' The #a$%"a%e i$ti$ct Q=etter to the editorR' The *e$
9or' Times :oo' Revie$! .>'
+. )nsigned article
8hat ort of pero$ read Creati:e Co,p"ti$%S (4@2/! B"%"t)' Creative Computing! 2!
40'
,. 2u+lished inter-ie'
McCarthy! E' (4@)2! Dece,ber .1)' QI$ter:ie9 9ith Boto$ D#obe 8ahi$%to$ taffR'
:oston ;lobe, p. :"-'
41
>' T'o or (ore 'or&s +y the sa(e author in the sa(e year
=it 9orC a#phabetica##y by tit#e! a$d p#ace #o9ercae #etter (a! b! etc') after the
date'
M"rray! 5'B' (4@2*a)' EA"i#ibratio$ a a co%$iti:e co$f#ict' #evelopment Revie$! *! /16
)4'
M"rray! 5'B' (4@2*b)' =ear$i$% a$d de:e#op,e$t thro"%h ocia# i$teractio$' I$ =' =ibe$
(Ed')! Piaget and the foundations of 'no$ledge (pp' 4>)6.04)' Hi##da#e! <P:
Er#ba",
#.$.$ *lectronic sources
The BPBE 8eb &ite! http:33999'apa'or%';o"r$a#39ebref'ht,4! i$c#"de c"rre$t
%"ide#i$e for citi$% o,e e#ectro$ic co"re! "pdati$% the i$for,atio$ %i:e$ i$
the P"b#icatio$ <anual of the American Psychological Association! fo"rth
editio$' Ho9e:er! 9ith the e(ceptio$ of %"ide#i$e for citi$% e,ai#! 8eb ite!
artic#e a$d abtract fro, e#ectro$ic databae! a$d oft9are! the BPB doe $ot
offer %"ide#i$e for citi$% o,e co,,o$ e#ectro$ic o"rce' The fo##o9i$%
for,at i$c#"de thee additio$a# e#ectro$ic o"rce! adapted fro, the BPB ty#e'
The baic e$try for ,ot o"rce yo" acce :ia the I$ter$et ho"#d i$c#"de the
fo##o9i$% e#e,e$t:
Author: Di:e the a"thorE $a,e! if a:ai#ab#e'
Publication date' I$c#"de the date of I$ter$et p"b#icatio$ or of the ,ot
rece$t "pdate! if a:ai#ab#e'
Title. =it the tit#e of the doc",e$t or "b;ect #i$e $either of the ,ea%e!
$either "$der#i$ed $or i$ A"otatio$ ,arC'
Publication information' 5or doc",e$t fro, databae or other cho#ar#y
pro;ect! %i:e the city of the p"b#iher or po$ori$% or%a$iatio$!
fo##o9ed by the $a,e' 5or artic#e fro, o$#i$e ;o"r$a# or $e9paper!
fo##o9 the tit#e 9ith a co,,a! the :o#",e $",ber ("$der#i$ed)! the i"e
$",ber (if appropriate) i$ pare$thee a$d fo##o9ed by a co,,a! a$d the
i$c#"i:e pa%e $",ber of the artic#e'
Retrieval information. Type the 9ord Retrieved fo##o9ed by the date of
acce a$d retrie:a# ,ethod 2for e=ample, from the >orld >ide >eb4,
fo##o9ed by a co#o$' E$d 9ith the UR= or other retrie:a# i$for,atio$ a$d
$o period' 5or e(a,p#e:
World 'ide 'e+site
M"##i$! B' (4@@/)! I$trod"ctio$ to Robert Ha'
Readings in Contemporary Poetry at #ia Center for the Arts. Retrie:ed Bpri#
.1! 4@@> fro, the 8or#d 8ide 8eb: http:33999'diace$ter'or%3pr%3poetry3@/6
@)3i$trha'ht,#
&hade! ='R' (4@@*)' De$der i"e i$ co,p"ter $et9orCi$%'
4/
Retrie:ed Pa$"ary .2! .000 fro, the 8or#d 8ide 8eb:
http33999'de39o,e$3te(t*'ht,# ite :iited 4>3013.002
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1. Technical or research re0orts and 'or&ing 0a0ers
8i#o$! K'&' (4@2))' Palen?ue: An interactive multimedia optical disc prototype for
children (8orCi$% Paper <o' .)' <e9 OorC: Ce$tre for Chi#dre$ a$d
Tech$o#o%y! Ba$C &treet Co##e%e of Ed"catio$'
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pree$ted at the ,eeti$% of the I$terdicip#i$ary Co$fere$ce o$ M"#ti6Bcce
Co,p"ter <et9orC' 8ahi$%to$! DC'
%. 5issertation, un0u+lished
=e:ere$+! C'B' (4@@1)' Co##aboratio$ a$d differe$ce i$ the co,poitio$ c#aroo,'
U$p"b#ihed doctora# diertatio$! Ohio &tate U$i:erity Co#",b"'

#.$.6 7egal 5ocu(ents
2.-.6.1 C&*a*&+, +0 Ca%e%
A. 8itation o, re0orted cases includes that ,ollo'ing ele(ents or 0arts:
4' <a,e of partie i$:o#:ed i$ a cae (Cae $a,e)
.' Oear i$ 9hich the cae 9a reported
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Thttp:33999'ii;ca$'ca3ca3ca3chrt3.00.3.00.chrt40004'ht,#U'
B. 8itation o, unre0orted cases in-ol-es the ,ollo'ing ele(ents or 0arts.
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.' Cae $",ber of re%itratio$
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M9a$+a Hi%h Co"rt Re%itry (U$reported)
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2.-.6.# C&*a*&+, +0 S*a*(*e%
E(a,p#e of tat"tory citatio$ are a pro:ided here"$der:
The 0a$ of <arriage Act *o. + of 1/-1
The 0and Act *o. , of 1///
The 3illage 0and Act *o. - of 1///
Communications #ecency Act *o. )- of "555, C. C ""%
8itations o, a(ended statutes are as 0ro-ided +elo':
mployment (tandards Act *o. - of 1//5, as am. :y (mall :usiness Regulatory
Act *o. " of 1//1.
Regulatory De=ibility Act *o. / of 1//,, as am. by the ?ual Pay Act *o. " of
"55%
4>
Appendix I
A sample of a cover page
1 c,
PROCUREME<T B<D DOOD DOHER<B<CE:
THE CB&E O5 MBEOB CITO COU<CI=

1 c, .'/ c,
42
4@
Appendix II
A sample of a title page
1 c,
PROCUREME<T B<D DOOD DOHER<B<CE:
THE CB&E O5 MBEOB CITO COU<CI=

1 c, .'/ c,
B4
C$ar!e% L+$, S$a4+
A Thesis/Dissertation Submitted in Partial/Fulfilment of the
Requirements for Award of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy/Master
of usiness Administration !MA" of M#umbe $ni%ersity
&''(
.'/ c,
.0
Appendix III
A sample of the spine
S
h
a
y
o


J
.
C
.






M
B
A





2
0
0
8

.4
Appendi) *+
A sample of certification page of a thesis/dissertation
,-RT*F*,AT*./
We, the undersigned, certify that we have read and hereby
recommend for acceptance by the Mzumbe University, a
dissertation/thesis entitled Procurement and 0ood 0o%ernance1
The ,ase of Mbeya ,ity ,ouncil2 in partial/fulfilment of the
reuirements for award of the degree of Master of !usiness
Administration of Mzumbe University"
Signature
###########################
Ma$or %upervisor
Signature
###########################
Internal &xaminer
Accepted for the !oard of
''''''''
Signature
############################################
(&A)/(I*&+,-*,
.A+U/,0/(I*&+,-*A,&/%+1--//!-A*(
..
.*
Appendix 2
A sample of declaration and copyright form
D-,3ARAT*./
A/D
,.P4R*05T
I, +harles 3ohn %hayo2 declare that this thesis is my own original wor4
and that it has not been presented and will not be presented to any
other university for a similar or any other degree award"
Signature 666666666666666666666666666
Date66666666666666666666666666666666
5
,his dissertation is a copyright material protected under the !erne
+onvention, the +opyright Act 6777 and other international and
national enactments, in that behalf, on intellectual property" It may
not be reproduced by any means in full or in part, except for short
extracts in fair dealings, for research or private study, critical scholarly
.1
review or discourse with an ac4nowledgement, without the written
permission of Mzumbe University, on behalf of the author"
./
Appendix 2I
A sample of how to write chapters and their heading, and
sub-headings
,5APT-R T5R--
T5- 3*/7A0- -T8--/ MA,R. P.3*,*-S A/D P.+-RT4
(Main Heading i.e. Heading 1)
9:; *ntroduction (Heading 2)
,his chapter see4s to address the issues of macro8micro
lin4ages'
.! "onceptual framewor# (Heading 2)
&conomic growth is pro8poor when it is broad8based"""
*'* Macroeconomic performance and po%erty status in Tan#ania
91eading :;
9:9:;Macroeconomic performance (Heading 3)
,he country<s overall economic growth and macroeconomic
performance"""
*'*'. The status of po%erty in Tan#ania (Heading 3)
,he recent date on household poverty does not mirror the
success'
9:9:&:; *mplication of macroeconomic reform for the
agriculture sector (Heading 4)
,he impact of the economic structural reforms on agriculture has
been profound'
9:9:&:& The performance of the agricultural sector (Heading
4)
,he agricultural sector has maintained a steady'
NB" DO NOT START A CHAPTER BY"
,5APT-R T5R--
9: T5- 3*/7A0- -T8--/ MA,R. P.3*,*-S A/D
P.+-RT4
.)