Reading

Non-Governmental Organizations

The acronym NGO stands for Non-Governmental Organisation which refers to all private
voluntary

associations

concerned

with

sustainable

development.

For

this

purpose,

these

organizations play an important role in empowering youth and women in Economic, social and
environmental fields.
In the economic field, these organizations help women and youth to work not only by

providing them with micro-credits, but also by supporting them to take the initiative to set up their
own enterprises and by teaching them how to invest their money appropriately. By doing this, they
participate in fighting against poverty especially in rural areas.

NGOs provide help at the social level as well. First of all, they work on improving the status
and situation of women in society so as to achieve social justice and establish equality between men

and women by trying to fight illiteracy rates among women through non-formal education.
Additionally, they try to provide other basic social services such as health care, running water and

electrification in rural areas to stop rural exodus. Moreover, they work hard to eliminate some
harmful cultural behaviours like racism, stereotypes and violence against women and children.
As far as the environmental side is concerned, NGOs work hard to protect natural resources

for future generations and to reduce pollution by sensitising people about the toxic danger of litter

and trash. They also set up programmes to preserve water, plant trees and take care of public
gardens. They also protect some endangered species not to extinct.

All in all, NGOs role is so important that most of the projects related to sustainable
development are based on their success and perseverance.
Comprehension questions:
1- What are the domains that NGOs try to improve and enhance?

_________________________________________________________________________________________
2- Who are the people concerned with the NGOs help?

_________________________________________________________________________________________
3- Why do NGOs teach women and youth before they help them set up their business?
_________________________________________________________________________________________
4- How do these NGOs get the money to finance their projects?

_________________________________________________________________________________________
5- Why do NGOs try to improve womens status in society?

_________________________________________________________________________________________
6- How do NGOs try to reduce pollution and preserve natural resources?
_________________________________________________________________________________________
Vocabulary:

Find in the text words that mean the same as:

a) Make stronger

____________

b) Stands for

____________

c) Without Sth* in return

P1
P1

____________

d) Domains

____________

P1

e) Interested in

____________

P1

f)

Start up

____________

g) Assisting

P2

____________

h) Places

____________

P2

i)

____________

P3

Position

j) Equity

____________

P3

P 1l) Give
n) For example

____________

P3

o) Decrease

____________

P4

k) Immigration

p) Preserve

____________
____________
____________

P3
P3
P4

____________
P4
P2q) Poisonous
r) Make sb aware of
____________
s) Disappear

____________

P4

P4

*Sth: something

Rewrite the sentences with the words given :

What do the underlined words refer to in the text?
1- I missed the train.
1- Them ................................. line 4
2- I
2- They ................................ line 6
wish___________________________________
_______________
Consider the text to complete the collocations: 3- Dad wont give me money if I get a bad mark.
4- Unless_________________________________
a) Social _______________
________________
b) Fight _______________
5- I want to watch a movie but I have a lot of
homework.
c) Rural _______________
6- If
d) Health _______________
only___________________________________
e) Natural _______________
______________
f) Non-formal _______________
Fill in the gaps with the following words:
In order to due to in spite of However so that - therefore for instance although despite
1- She learned to read and write _______________ she was 59years old.
2- NGOs help impoverished people _______________ being miserable.

3- People throw rubbish in the streets _______________ having bins everywhere.

4- NGOs help improve peoples situations. ________________ , NGOs helps women start up projects.
5- Politicians and leaders must do their best ____________ ensure prosperity and welfare for their people.
6- The rate of illiteracy is increasing day after day ; _______________ the government and NGOs should
endeavor great efforts to reduce it.

7- _____________________the dangers of global warming, developed countries are still giving off toxic and
chemical waste.

8- NGOs work hard __________________ they can help our society improve.
Fill in the gaps with the right modal verb:
Must have ought to should have can could must used to cant

1- She didnt go to work. I called her but in vain. So, She ________________ left her job.
2- I dont know a lot about cars, but I suppose BMW ________________ be better.
3- Jack _____________ be Moroccan.

4- If you are absent for 2 days at school, you ________________ call your parents.
5- My sister_________ be fat. But now she is slim again after years of exercises.

6- My brother _______________ speak English when he was 2. He was born in England.

7- This food is very delicious. It ________________ be mums cooking.

8- They slept too late and they were late for school. They ____________________ slept early.
Rewrite the following sentences as indicated: (be allowed to be forbidden to used to)
1- She cant stay out late. He parents will get angry.
She is ______________________________________________________________

2- He cheats in the exams.

Its ________________________________________________________________

3- You mustnt drive fast in crowded places and near schools.

Its _________________________________________________________________

4- My English was bad. Now I can speak it fluently.

I ___________________________________________________________________

5- Tom smoked a lot when he was a boy. But now he doesnt.

He _________________________________________________________________

6- We dont use a dictionary in English exams.

Its _________________________________________________________________