NOTE 6: IMMORAL & UNETHICAL ISSUES: EUTHANASIA

Death awaits us all. Death sometimes comes suddenly and one dies calmly and
peacefully. On the other hand, sometimes one dies amidst great pain suffering. It is this
that causes us to fear death.
Due to the crucial part that it plays in our lives, there are many moral issues connected
to moral death, especially the aspects of suicide and the taking of others lives.
The definition of Euthanasia.
Euthanasia comes from the ____________words eu and thanatos. Eu means
__________, while thanatos means ___________. !hese two words imply a death
which is pleasant or good.
Euthanasia is a self inflicted death "y a patient or his family mem"ers upon consent
given. It is done with the purpose to put an end to helplessness and suffering.
How man t!es of Euthanasia"
#o$unta% Euthanasia
It is happen when a patient or an individual personally re#uest for his life to "e ended.
Non&'o$unta% euthanasia
It is refer to a situation where other individuals $usually ne%t of kin& make the decision to
end an individuals life without _______________________________________.
A(ti'e #o$unta% euthanasia: 'atient re#uest for a higher or specific dose of
medication to end this life
)assi'e #o$unta% euthanasia:
(. 'atient re#uest that the medical authorities discontinue treatment or process despite the
fact that treatment "rings good effect and is minimum in cost.
). 'atient says not to use certain medical treatment "ecause chances of improvement are
low while cost is high.
A(ti'e non&#o$unta% euthanasia* Other person make a decision to administer a dose
sufficient to end the patients life.
)assi'e non&#o$unta% euthanasia, i.e. withholding natural process*
_________________________to not use medical treatment to improve patients
condition even though results may "e positive and cost low. Other persons make a
decision to withhold medical treatment which may help the patients condition "ecause
chances of improvement are low and cost high.
In the +nited ,tates, there are some states which have legali-ed euthanasia with certain
conditions. . terminally, ill patient with / months or less to live was given the approval to
undergo euthanasia on condition that he has re#uested at least twice in written form and
o"tained the professional agreement of at least two doctors that he has genuine in his
desire to end his life, and there is no other hope of recovery. 0owever, this legality was
soon taken away due to pu"lic opposition.
1ost religious stand clearly ______________the concept of euthanasia. In Islam, the
taking of ones life counts as a serious sin, and suicide is known as _______________.
In other words euthanasia is permitted "y Islam, 2ust killing in any form is also prohi"ited.
Islam prohi"its its followers to wish for death an as escape, instead 1uslims are
encourage to "e aware of death, where"y those who are constantly aware of the reality
of death are wise are "lessed, as stated "y the prophet 1uhammad s.a.w !hose who
are constantly aware of the reality of death and who are keep ready and prepared to
face it, they are the "lessed and wise.
3hristianity also _____________ its followers to engage in the taking of life in any form.
Instead, followers are encouraged to strive to improve from sickness.
4uddhism not only prohi"its killing humans "ut also animals and plants. It stresses on
the importance of protecting and preserving all dorms of life in order to reach a state of
Ni%'ana.
In !he 5uru 5ranth ,ahi", ,ikhs are prohi"ited from killing any form of life "ecause
they hold that life lies in the hands of god. It understands the concept of euthanasia as
cruel.
0induism, is also ___________________euthanasia, where"y in the 4hagavat 5ita,
only 5od can take ones life.
In teleology morality "ehind a certain action like euthanasia is determined "y the effect
or result of such an action.
.s an e%ample, Uti$ita%ianism holds that each individual should consider the
conse#uence of each action on himself and others around him. 1orality is defined as
something that "rings common good and "enefit to people.
.s for e*oism, self6centeredness is a main principle. 7or e%ample in a case of 8on6
9oluntary euthanasia a doctor can decide to end a patients life if he feels there is no
hope for cure. 7or the doctor, the action would signify relief from duty and work. In the
conte%t of egoism, the doctor who has self interest in focus is seen as morality right.
0owever, +eonto$o* holds that the result or implications of euthanasia are not the only
factors which determine if the action is accepta"le or not. !here are other factors to "e
considered and is looked at as wrongful in nature.
HOMOSE,UALIT-
0umans need life partner in lives. !he relationship "etween man and woman produce
offspring. !his type of relationship is known as heterose%ual and is also considered as
normal "y many societies.
8evertheless some people are not interested in heterose%ual relationship. !hey are
drawn to have se% with the same gender which means man is attracted to another man
and woman is attracted to another woman. 'eople who practice homose%uality have
always "een critici-ed "y many societies known to the world.
T!es of Homo:
(. 4latant homose%ual
). Desperate homose%ual
:. ,ecret homose%ual
;. ,ituational homose%ual
<. 4ise%ual
/. .d2usted homose%ual
.hat a%e the fa(to%s of /ein* homose0ua$s:
7actors*______________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
___________________
1ost religion societies are ______________homose%uality. !hey "elieve that
homose%uality is ____________________.
In Islam, normal se%ual relationship is "etween married man and woman. Other se%ual
relationships "e it adultery or homose%uality are considered as o"scene and strictly
prohi"ited. In historical point of view, .llah s.w.t condemns the homose%uals. 7or
instance the Luth community was eliminated with stone rain and shattering earth#uake
to the e%tent that no"ody survived. 3hristianity views homose%uality as
_____________and ____________. !he same goes to 0induisms and 4uddhism that
take homose%uality as ________________ and _______________.
In fact, some people view this phenomenon as serious decline in morality, which leads to
dangerous diseases such as ,!D or .ID,.
On the other, there are some people who support homose%uality and said that people
have right to do whatever they wants as long as their "ehaviors are not related to other
people.
!he issue of homose%uality may "e seen through several recent and classical views.
7or natu%a$ism, even though, human are allowed to esta"lish relationship among each
other. 0omose%uality should "e avoided
"ecause__________________________________________.
.s for intuitionism, an individual d_____________________________________.
.ccording to his or her own instinct. !herefore any e%planation for any "ehavior is
unnecessary. If homose%uality is considered as immoral, they will avoid getting involved
in it without #uestioning or needing proofs as to why the "ehavior is non6accepta"le.
.ccording to e0istentia$ism, since individuality as going against the norm of human
"eings and also the root of many social ills that must "e eradicated.