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1. Clients Biographical Information

Name : Razul Bin Abdullah
IC number : 750609-06-5211
Age : 35 years old
Sex : Male
Ethnic : Malay
Religion : Islam
Date of birth : 04 Disember 1978
Hometown address : No. 38, Kampung Jawa, Lorong Hj Kamili, Rantau
Panjang 42100, Klang, Selangor Darul Ehsan
Current place of stay : Pusat Pemulihan Akhlak (Penjara) Muar, Johor.
Education level : Standard 6 (managed to complete UPSR)
Placement in family : Fifth from 10 siblings
Marital status : Married (with no children)
Current occupation : Currently unemployed (still under detention)
Hobby : indoor games and playing music
Addiction problem : Opioid (Heroin)
Period of addiction : 16 years (1997)

2. Presenting Problems
Two counseling sessions with the subject (hereafter named MSO) had
been successfully carried out on 07
th
and 14
th
of April 2012. Both of the counseling
sessions took place at the Deputy Superintendent of Prisons management office
of Penjara Penor, Kuantan, Pahang. My client was detained at Penjara Penor, KM
!8, Jalan Kuantan Pekan on 12
th
December 2011. He was detained for the drug
offence under section 20(1)(b) Akta Penagih Dadah (Rawatan dan Pemulihan
1983)(Pindaan 1998) which carries the penalty of 9 months imprisonment. This
the 8
th
time he entered into the prison. This counseling session was
held in two sessions in which the first session is more towards building a rapport
with the client. The sescond session on the other hand focussed more on
exploring the client. MSO got married the girl of his choice when he was 33 years
old, they met when both of them were working at Kuantan Plaza (supermarket).


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3. Background Information
MSO started to get exposed to tobbaco / cigrattes as early as 16 years old when
he was in secondary school due to peer pressures. He started seriously involved
in drug abuse when he was 25 years old and at that time he was working on shifts
as promoter at Kuantan Plaza. He was introduced to heroin by his old time
colleagues and started from that he became dependent on it. According to him he
used to consume as much as 1 packets a day (one packet weights about 2 grams)
which worth RM100.00 per packet. He considered unlucky because he had
relatively little or no knowledge about HIV / AIDS or how it is spread therefore he
chose intravenus (IVDU) method as a route of drug administration. He knew that
he been infected with HIV during screening session done by the prison authority.

He stated that the main reasons for experimenting drug was due deep curiosity
and which was later developed into abuse and finally dependent. Another reasons
were to fill in the gap during his free time and felt boring waiting for the work shift.
After years involved in the serious drug addiction he finally get caught for the first
time in 2001. After released from prison he returned to his wife to start all over.
Fortunately his wife is very supportive until now. Once hes back to his place he
still could not stop taking drug because many of his old friends / colleagues at his
place were also drug users (very tempestuous situation). Furthermore, he knew
how to get drugs supplies because he was familiar with his own hometown.

4. Assessment Instruments / Procedures
University of Rhode Island Change Assessment Scale (URICA)
The URICA assesses motivation for change by providing scores on four stages of
change: precontemplation, contemplation, action and maintenance. The
URICA consists of 32 questions and there are FIVE possible responses (5 point -
Likert scale) to each of the items in the questionnaire :

1 = Strongly Disagree 2 = Disagree 3 = Undecided
4 = Agree 5 = Strongly Agree

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i. Relevant to the Presenting Problem
The instrument was chosen in because it has the ability to access the
clients stages of chance and motivation to change. From this instrument
we would be able to know whether the client is at precontemplation /
contemplation stage or already taking actions to change and most of all
starts doing something to maintain the action / changes he / she been
made on their present problem which is drug addiction.

ii. Technical Adequacy
Psychometrics :
1. Have reliability studies been done? - Yes
2. What measure(s) of reliability was used?
Test-retest
Internal consistency
3. Have validity studies been done? - Yes
4. What measures of validity have been derived?
Criterion (predictive, concurrent, post dictive)
Construct (predictive)

iii. Suitability for Use With the Individual Client
Method of administration is simple. Only paper and pencil are needed. The
time for administration is roughly about 15 minutes and time for scoring is
around 5 minutes. The items in the instrument is in dual language (English
and Bahasa) and it was being translated using the simple and easy to
understand Bahasa. The inventory was administered by me and the client
was free ask anything that he unfamiliar with.

5. Assessment Outcomes
From the clients URICA scoring / outcome are interpreted as follows:

Precontemplation Stage (PC) = 14 (Low score)
Contemplation Stage (C) = 30 (Highest score)
Action (A) = 23 (Low score)
Maintenance (M) = 29 (Low score)
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HIGHEST score which is 30 (Contemplation Stage) - The client directly
acknowledge that he is having problems related to his addiction, tending to
express a desire for change and to perceive that harm will continue if he do not
change.

6. Practitioners Conceptualisation of the Presenting Problem
Based on the overall assessment and counseling sessions conducted it can be
concluded that the client is still thinking or rather at ambivalence stage whether to
change or not and have not put in much effort to do something to improve his
problem in drug addiction. Furthermore there are enable factor present which is
his wife still supporting him therefore hes lack of resposibility either to himself or
family. His wife in this case should also undergo counseling to make her realize
that shes not helping her husband to change if she still doing what she is doing
now.
The client also blamed his surrounding / enviroment (interpersonal issues) for not
accepting him as normal people but in this case I would say he should focus on
himself first rather than others beccause hes the one who first created all the
problems or mess.
7. Intervention Plan or Recommendations
Goals of the intervention
Increase motivation of the client to stay in the rehabilitation program by
increasing the focus on self - esteem, self - focus and empathy issues.
Assist the client to understand to danger of abusing drug and assist him to
perceive that harm will continue if he does not change.
Assist the client on how to handle cope with HIV / AIDS disease.
Assist the client on how to handle problems / decision making skills.
Assist the client on matters pertaining to his CSO or other support systems.

Strategies of the intervention
Moivational Enhancement Therapy (MET)
Assertiveness training
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Homework (responsibility training)
Coping strategies / skills
Explore treatment options
Reach out for support
Learn healthy ways to cope with stress
Keep triggers and cravings in check
Learn health issues relating to HIV / AIDS
Relapse prevention and relapse education

Duration of the intervention
More than 1 year

Expected outcome from the intervention
Will assist the client the reasons he wants to change
Will assist the client to think about his past attempts at quitting, if any
Will assist the client to set specific, measurable goals, such as a quit date or
limits on his drug use and be assertive on his decision to quit
Lean on close friends and family
Build a sober social network
Consider moving in to a sober living home
Relieving stress without drugs
Look after his health
Coping with drug cravings

8. Intervention Procedures
Drug Interventions
Usually the first step in drug rehabilitation is to schedule a family drug intervention.
Let it be known that, in the collective world history of drug abuse, there has never
been an "easy" intervention. The very nature of it is difficult, and the sensitivity of
such a subject is sometimes the reason why families delay an intervention or,
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worse still, avoid it altogether. In the long run, though, the drug
intervention process is absolutely necessary for rehabilitation.
Scheduling or drug intervention for a young adult can seem like an impossible
task. You need to round up family and peers, inform them of your loved one's
addiction, and get their unwavering support during the addict's lengthy and difficult
recovery. Then there's the intervention itself.
The first step in the intervention process is to schedule a pre-intervention. The
actual intervention must go off as fluidly as possible (and that's a relative term).
Some participants will actually be speaking to the abuser, and others will probably
be there just for presence and emotional support. Everyone must meet ahead of
time so that they know who is going to say what. The more planning and
understanding between those attending the interventions, the better.
The whole point of a drug intervention is to get the abuser to admit that he or she
has a problem, and needs professional help. The intervention is, therefore, just the
beginning step, but an essential one nonetheless. Another part of the pre-planning
is what to do next, assuming the intervention is a success.
Family Intervention
During family interventions, other friends and peers are usually invited as well. The
point is to get your loved one to admit that he or she has a substance abuse
problem, and to willingly ask for help. It is this willingness to right what has been
wronged that stands at the root of the drug intervention; rehabilitation must be self-
motivated as well as externally reinforced.
A main goal of the family intervention is to get the drug abuser to want
professional help. The abuser might try to take the easy way out by saying, "I can
stop - I won't do this anymore - thanks for telling me - I understand." In almost all
cases, however, drug abuse is simply too difficult to self-correct; interventions are
a necessary first step.

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9. Overview and Further Recommendations
Overview
Even though the client is showing a good sign of recovery but nevertheless he
must be reminded that RELAPSE can happen at any point of time in his life.
Therefore he must be able to withstand and be prepared to face all the possibilities
of being relapsed by making use all the knowledge and skills that he had learned.
Recommendations
More focus should also be given to after care services such as job
placement, housing, financial help etc in order to help the client once he
completed the rehabilitation programmes.

Other support systems such as Narcotic Anonymous, 12-step facilitation
programmes and other support programmes should be continued after
completed the rehabilitation programmes.

Role of significant others in treatment It is of vital importance that family
members, friends, and others involved with the client be involved in the
treatment process, since they have also been affected by the client's use of
alcohol and other drugs. I recommended for providing involvement for those
individuals is family group counseling.







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REFERENCES

http://www.helpguide.org/mental/drug_abuse_addiction_rehab_treatment.htm

http://www.kap.samhsa.gov/products/manuals/taps/11k.htm

http://www.dualdiagnosis.org/resource/articles/drug-abuse-
counseling/recovery-counseling



























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APPENDIX:

PSYCHOMETRIC TOOL / INVENTORY

CLIENTS UNIVERSITY OF RHODE ISLAND CHANGE ASSESSMENT
SCALE (URICA)