Al 2219 Dot Faa Mmpds

DOT/FAA/AR-MMPDS-01
Office of Aviation Research

Washington, D.C. 20591
Metallic Materials Properties

Development and Standardization
(MMPDS)
January 2003
Scientific Report
This document is available to the U.S. public

through the National Technical Information
Service, Springfield (NTIS), Virginia 22161.
U.S. Department of Transportation

Federal Aviation Administration
MMPDS-01
1 February 2003
3.2.8 2219 ALLOY
3.2.8.0 Comments and Properties 2219 is an Al-Cu alloy available in a wide variety of
product forms. As shown in Table 3.1.2.3.1(a), 2219-T351X and -T37 rolled plate and extruded shapes have
a D SCC rating. This is the lowest rating and means that SCC failures have occurred in service or would
be anticipated if there is any sustained stress. In-service failures are caused by stressed produced by any
combination of sources including solution heat treatment, straightening, forming, fit-up, clamping, sustained
service loads or high service compression stresses that produce residual tensile stresses. These stresses may
be tension or compression as well as the stresses due to the Poisson effect, because the actual failures are
caused by the resulting sustained shear stresses. Pin-hole flaws in corrosion protection are sufficient for SCC.
Refer to Section 3.1.2.3 for comments regarding the resistance of the alloy to stress-corrosion cracking, and
to Section 3.1.3.4 for comments regarding the weldability of the alloy. It has been used in critical cryogenic
applications as well as those applications in which high strength and creep resistance at relatively high
temperatures (400 to 600EF) are required.
The properties of extrusions should be based upon the thickness at the time of quenching prior to
machining. Selection of the mechanical properties based upon its final machined thickness may be
unconservative; therefore, the thickness at the time of quenching to achieve properties is an important factor
in the selection of the proper thickness column. For extrusions having sections with various thicknesses,
consideration should be given to the properties as a function of thickness.
Material specifications for 2219 are presented in Table 3.2.8.0(a). Room-temperature mechanical
and physical properties are shown in Tables 3.2.8.0(b1) through (d). The effect of temperature on the physical
properties is shown in Figure 3.2.8.0.
Table 3.2.8.0(a). Material Specifications
for 2219 Aluminum Alloy
Specification
AMS 4031
AMS-QQ-A-250/30
AMS 4162
AMS 4163
AMS 4144
Form
Sheet and plate
Sheet and plate
Extrusion
Extrusion
Hand forging
The temper index for 2219 is as follows:

Section
3.2.8.1
3.2.8.2
3.2.8.3
3.2.8.4
Temper
T62
T81, T851, T8510, and T8511
T852
T87
3.2.8.1 T62 Temper Elevated temperature data for this temper are presented in Figures
3.2.8.1.1(a) and (b). Typical room-temperature tensile and compressive stress-strain, compressive tangentmodulus, and full-range tensile stress-strain curves for 2219 aluminum alloy sheet and plate for this temper
are shown in Figures 3.2.8.1.6(a) and (b).
3.2.8.2 T81 and T851X Tempers Elevated temperature data for these tempers are presented
in Figures 3.2.8.2.1(a) and (b). Typical room-temperature tensile and compressive stress-strain, compressive
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MMPDS-01
1 February 2003
tangent-modulus, and full-range tensile stress-strain curves for 2219 aluminum alloy for this condition are
shown in Figures 3.2.8.2.6(a) and (b). Notched fatigue data for plate are presented in Figures 3.2.8.2.8(a)
through (d).
3.2.8.3 T852 Temper Typical room-temperature tensile and compressive stress-strain, compressive tangent-modulus, and full-range tensile stress-strain curves for 2219 aluminum alloy for this temper
are shown in Figures 3.2.8.3.6(a) through (e).
3.2.8.4 T87 Temper Elevated temperature data for this temper are presented in Figures
3.2.8.4.1(a) and (b). Typical room-temperature tensile and compressive stress-strain, compressive tangentmodulus, and full-range tensile stress-strain curves for 2219 aluminum alloy sheet and plate for this temper
are shown in Figures 3.2.8.4.6(a) through (e).
3-167
Basis . . . . . . . . . . .
3-168
47
46
47
48
35
95
121
76
92
37
37
39
38
32
85
109
64
81
...
36
36
37
37
31
84
107
62
79
c
61
62
55
55
54
54
...
78
94
96
123
48
49
35
48
47
62
63
0.020-0.249
T81
76
94
95
121
47
48
36
47
46
61
62
...
78
94
96
123
48
49
36
48
47
62
63
0.250-1.000
76
92
95
121
47
48
36
47
46
61
62
10.5
10.8
4.0
0.33
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
45
...
62
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
46
...
63
2.001-3.000
0.103
See Figure 3.2.8.0
...
78
94
96
123
48
49
36
48
47
62
63
1.001-2.000
Sheet and plate
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
44
...
60
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
45
...
61
3.001-4.000
T851
AMS-QQ-A-250/30
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
43
...
59
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
44
...
60
4.001-5.000
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
42
...
57
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
43
...
58
5.001-6.000
a Design allowables were based upon data obtained from testing samples of material, supplied in O and F temper, which were heat treated to demonstrate response to heat treatment
by suppliers. Properties obtained by user may be lower than those listed if the material has been formed or otherwise cold or hot worked, particularly in the annealed temper,
prior to solution heat treatment.
b Bearing values are dry pin values per Section 1.4.7.1. See Table 3.1.2.1.1.
c T62 and T81: 0.020-0.039 in., 6 percent, 0.040-0.249 in., 7 percent; T62: 0.250-1.000 in., 8 percent, 1.001-2.000 in., 7 percent.
Physical Properties:
, lb/in.3 . . . . . .
C, K, and . . . .
E, 103 ksi . . . . . .
Ec, 103 ksi . . . . .
G, 103 ksi . . . . . .
............
Mechanical Properties:
Ftu, ksi:
L ...........
LT . . . . . . . . . .
Fty, ksi:
L ...........
LT . . . . . . . . . .
Fcy, ksi:
L ...........
LT . . . . . . . . . .
Fsu, ksi . . . . . . . .
Fbrub, ksi:
(e/D = 1.5) . . . .
(e/D = 2.0) . . . .
Fbryb, ksi:
(e/D = 1.5) . . . .
(e/D = 2.0) . . . .
e, percent (S-basis):
LT . . . . . . . . . .
0.020-2.000
Thickness, in. . . . .
B
T62
AMS 4031 &

AMS-QQ-A250/30
Temper . . . . . . . . .
Form . . . . . . . . . . .
Specification . . . . .
Table 3.2.8.0(b1). Design Mechanical and Physical Properties of 2219 Aluminum Alloy Sheet and Plate
MMPDS-01
1 February 2003
MMPDS-01
1 February 2003
Table 3.2.8.0(b2). Design Mechanical and Physical Properties of 2219 Aluminum Alloy
Sheet Continued
Specification . . . . . . . . . .
Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Thickness, in. . . . . . . . . . .
Basis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ftu, ksi:
L .................
LT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fty, ksi:
L .................
LT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fcy, ksi:
L .................
LT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fsu, ksi . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fbrua, ksi:
(e/D = 1.5) . . . . . . . . . .
(e/D = 2.0) . . . . . . . . . .
Fbrya, ksi:
(e/D = 1.5) . . . . . . . . . .
(e/D = 2.0) . . . . . . . . . .
e, percent (S-basis): . . . .
LT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
E, 103 ksi . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ec, 103 ksi . . . . . . . . . . .
G, 103 ksi . . . . . . . . . . . .
..................
, lb/in.3 . . . . . . . . . . . .
C, K, and . . . . . . . . . .
AMS-QQ-A-250\30
Sheet
T87
0.020-0.039
0.040-0.249
63
64
64
65
63
64
64
65
51
52
52
53
51
52
52
53
52
55
36
53
56
37
52
55
36
53
56
37
99
126
100
128
99
126
100
128
83
96
85
98
83
96
85
98
...
...
10.5
10.8
4.0
0.33
0.103
See Figure 3.2.8.0
a See Table 3.1.2.1.1. Bearing values are dry pin values per Section 1.4.7.1.
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Table 3.2.8.0(b3). Design Mechanical and Physical Properties of 2219 Aluminum Alloy
Plate Continued
Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Basis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ftu, ksi:
L ...................
LT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0.2501.000
A
B
1.0011.500
A
B
AMS-QQ-A-250\30
Plate
T87
1.5012.0012.000
3.000
A
B
A
B
63
64
...
64
65
...
63
64
...
64
65
...
63
64
59
64
65
60
63
64
56
64
65
57
61
62
52
62
63
53
...
61
...
...
62
...
Fty, ksi:
L ...................
LT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
50
51
...
51
52
...
50
51
...
51
52
...
50
51
51
51
52
52
50
51
50
51
52
51
49
51
48
50
51
49
...
49
...
...
50
...
51
53
37
52
54
38
51
52
37
52
53
38
51
52
37
52
53
38
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
99
126
100
128
99
126
100
128
99
126
100
128
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
82
94
83
96
82
94
83
96
82
94
83
96
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
6
10.5
10.8
4.0
0.33
...
...
...
Thickness, in. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fcy, ksi:
L ...................
LT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fsu, ksi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fbrua, ksi:
(e/D = 1.5) . . . . . . . . . . . .
(e/D = 2.0) . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fbrya, ksi:
(e/D = 1.5) . . . . . . . . . . . .
(e/D = 2.0) . . . . . . . . . . . .
e, percent (S-basis): . . . . . .
LT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
E, 103 ksi . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ec, 103 ksi . . . . . . . . . . . . .
G, 103 ksi . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
....................
, lb/in.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
C, K, and . . . . . . . . . . . .
0.103
See Figure 3.2.8.0
a See Table 3.1.2.1.1. Bearing values are dry pin values per Section 1.4.7.1.
3-170
3.0014.000
A
B
4.0015.000
A
B
MMPDS-01
1 February 2003
Table 3.2.8.0(c). Design Mechanical and Physical Properties of 2219 Aluminum Alloy Hand
Forging
Specification ...............
AMS 4144
Form ............................
Hand Forging
Temper ........................
T852
Thickness, in. ..............

Basis ............................
<2.000
2.0004.000
4.0016.000
6.0018.000
8.00110.000
10.00112.000
12.00114.000
14.00117.000
62
62
...
62
62
60
58
56
56
57
55
55
56
54
54
54
53
53
53
52
52
51
50
50
50
49
...
50
49
46
44
42
41
43
41
40
42
41
39
41
40
39
40
40
38
39
39
37
...
...
...
46
47
47
40
40
41
39
39
40
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
37
36
32
35
34
32
35
35
33
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
104
...
100
80
102
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
76
89
65
76
64
75
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
6
4
...
6
4
3
6
4
3
6
4
3
6
3
3
Ftu, ksi:
L .............................
LT ..........................
ST ...........................
Fty, ksi:
L .............................
LT ..........................
ST ...........................
Fcy, ksi:
L..............................
LT ..........................
ST ...........................
Fsu, ksi:
L..............................
LT ..........................
ST ..........................
Fbrua, ksi:
(e/D = 1.5) .............
(e/D = 2.0) .............
Fbrya, ksi:
(e/D = 1.5) .............
(e/D = 2.0) .............
e, percent:
L..............................
LT ..........................
ST ...........................
E, 103 ksi ..................
Ec, 103 ksi .................
G, 103 ksi ..................
................................
10.2
10.4
3.9
0.33
, lb/in.3 ...................
C, K, and ..............
0.103
See Figure 3.2.8.0
a Bearing values are dry pin values per Section 1.4.7.1.
3-171
6
3
2
6
3
2
6
3
2
MMPDS-01
1 February 2003
Table 3.2.8.0(d). Design Mechanical and Physical Properties of 2219 Aluminum Alloy
Extruded Shapes
Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AMS 4162 and AMS 4163a
Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Extruded shapes
Temper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
T8511
Cross-Sectional Area, in.2 . . . . . .
#25
b
Thickness or Diameter, in. . . . . .
#0.499
0.500-2.999
Basis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S
S
Ftu, ksi:
58
L ......................
58
56
LTc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
56
Fty, ksi:
42
42
L ......................
39
39
LTc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fcy, ksi:
42
43
L ......................
41
43
LT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33
33
Fsu, ksi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fbrud, ksi:
81
87
(e/D = 1.5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
107
113
(e/D = 2.0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fbryd, ksi:
67
69
(e/D = 1.5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
82
84
(e/D = 2.0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
e, percent:
6
6
L ......................
4
4
LTc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
E, 10 ksi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10.5
Ec, 103 ksi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10.8
G, 103 ksi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.0
........................
0.33
, lb/in.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0.103
C, K, and . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
See Figure 3.2.8.0
a Design allowables for extrusions procured to AMS 4163 were based upon data obtained from testing samples of material,
supplied in T3511 temper, which were precipitation heat treated by suppliers to demonstrate response to aging treatment.
b The mechanical properties are to be based upon the thickness at the time of quench.
c Applicable providing LT dimension is $2.500 inches.
d Bearing values are dry pin values per Section 1.4.7.1.
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- Between 70 F and indicated temperature

K - At indicated temperature
C - At indicated temperature
15
14
80
0.20
12
11
C, Btu/(lb)(F)
-6
0.25
13
, 10 in./in./F
100
K, Btu/[(hr)(ft )(F)/ft]
0.30
K (T8XX)
0.15
10
40
0.10
20
0.05
0.00
60
-400
-200
200
400
600
800
1000
Temperature, F
Figure 3.2.8.0. Effect of temperature on the physical properties of 2219 aluminum alloy.
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160
140
Strength at temperature
Exposure up to 10,000 hr
Percent Ftu of Room Temperature
120
100
80
10,000 hr
1000 hr
100 hr
10 hr
1/2 hr
<
60
40
10,000 hr
1000 hr
100 hr
10 hr
1/2 hr
20
0
-500
-400
-300
-200
-100
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
Temperature, F
Figure 3.2.8.1.1(a). Effect of temperature on the tensile ultimate strength (Ftu) of

2219-T62 aluminum alloy sheet, 0.040-0.249, and plate, 0.250-1.000 in. thick.
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160
140
Percent Fty of Room Temperature
120
100
80
hr
10 hr
100 hr
1000 hr
10,000 hr
60
40
hr
10 hr
100 hr
1000 hr
10,000 hr
20
0
-500
-400
-300
-200
-100
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
Temperature, F
Figure 3.2.8.1.1(b). Effect of temperature on the tensile yield strength (Fty) of 2219T62 aluminum alloy sheet, 0.040-0.249 and plate, 0.250-1.000 in. thick.
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50
L and LT Compression
L and LT Tension
40
Stress, ksi
30
20
Ramberg - Osgood
n (L and LT - tension) = 13
n (L and LT - comp.) = 16
10
TYPICAL
Thickness = 0.125 - 2.000 in.
0
0
10
12
Strain, 0.001 in./in.

3
Compressive Tangent Modulus, 10 ksi
Figure 3.2.8.1.6(a). Typical tensile and compressive stress-strain and compressive

tangent-modulus curves for 2219-T62 aluminum alloy sheet and plate at room
temperature.
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80
Longitudinal
and
Long transverse
70
60
Stress, ksi
50
40
30
20
10
TYPICAL
Thickness: 0.125-2.00 in.
0
0.00
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.12
Strain, in./in.
Figure 3.2.8.1.6(b). Typical tensile stress-strain (full range) curve for 2219-T62
aluminum alloy sheet and plate at room temperature.
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160
140
120
100
80
1/2 hr
10 hr
100 hr
1000 hr
10,000 hr
60
40
1/2 hr
10 hr
100 hr
1000 hr
10,000 hr
20
0
-500
-400
-300
-200
-100
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
Temperature, F

2219-T81 aluminum alloy sheet and 2219-T851 aluminum alloy plate.
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160
140
120
100
80
1/2 hr
10 hr
100 hr
1000 hr
10,000 hr
60
40
1/2 hr
10 hr
100 hr
1000 hr
10,000 hr
20
0
-500
-400
-300
-200
-100
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
Temperature, F
Figure 3.2.8.2.1(b). Effect of temperature on the tensile yield strength (Fty) of 2219T81 aluminum alloy sheet and 2219-T851 aluminum alloy plate.
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100
80
LT - compression
L - compression
L and LT - tension
Stress, ksi
60
40
Ramberg - Osgood
n (L and LT - tension) = 20
n (L - comp.) = 19
n (LT - comp.) = 21
20
TYPICAL
Thickness = 0.040 - 2.500 in.
0
0
10
12

3

tangent-modulus curves for 2219-T81 aluminum alloy sheet and 2219-T851
aluminum alloy plate at room temperature.
3-180
MMPDS-01
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!

"#$%&

Figure 3.2.8.2.6(b). Typical tensile stress-strain curves (full range) for 2219-T81
aluminum alloy sheet and 2219-T851 aluminum alloy plate at room temperature.
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Figure 3.2.8.2.8(a). Best-fit S/N curves for notched, Kt = 2.0, 2219-T851 aluminum
alloy plate, longitudinal direction.
Correlative Information for Figure 3.2.8.2.8(a)

Test Parameters:
Loading - Axial
Frequency - 7000 to 8000 cpm
Temperature - RT
Environment - Air
Product Form: Plate, 2.00 inch thick

Properties:
TUS, ksi
68
TYS, ksi
52
94
Temp.,EF
RT
(unnotched)
RT
(notched)
No. of Heats/Lots: 1
Equivalent Stress Equation:
Log Nf = 7.92-2.69 log (Seq-16.0)
Seq = Smax (1-R)0.64 ksi
Std. Error of Estimate, Log (Life) = 0.313
Standard Deviation, Log (Life) = 0.739
R2 = 82%
Specimen Details: Notched, V-Groove, Kt = 2.0

0.195 inch gross diameter
0.136 inch net diameter
0.020 inch root radius, r
60E flank angle,
Surface Condition: As machined
Reference:
Sample Size = 34
3.2.8.2.8
[Caution: The equivalent stress model may

provide unrealistic life predictions for stress
ratios beyond those represented above.]
3-182
MMPDS-01
1 February 2003
Figure 3.2.8.2.8(b). Best-fit S/N curves for notched, Kt = 3.2, 2219-T851 aluminum
Correlative Information for Figure 3.2.8.2.8(b)

Test Parameters:
Loading - Axial
Temperature - RT
Environment - Air

Properties:
TUS, ksi
68
92
TYS, ksi
52
Temp.,EF
RT
(unnotched)
RT
(notched)
Log Nf = 8.46-2.83 log (Seq-3.93)
Seq = Smax (1-R)0.76
R2 = 79%

60E flank angle,
Reference:
Sample Size = 39
3.2.8.2.8

3-183
MMPDS-01
1 February 2003
Figure 3.2.8.2.8(c). Best-fit S/N curves for notched, Kt = 3.2, 2219-T851 aluminum
alloy plate, long transverse direction.
Correlative Information for Figure 3.2.8.2.8(c)

Test Parameters:
Loading - Axial
Temperature - RT
Environment - Air

Properties:
TUS, ksi
68
89
TYS, ksi
51
Temp.,EF
RT
(unnotched)
RT
(notched)
Log Nf = 10.85-4.34 log (Seq)
R2 = 94%

60E flank angle,
Reference:
Sample Size = 25
3.2.8.2.8

3-184
MMPDS-01
1 February 2003
Figure 3.2.8.2.8(d). Best-fit S/N curves for notched, Kt = 5.0, 2219-T851 aluminum
Correlative Information for Figure 3.2.8.2.8(d)

Test Parameters:
Loading - Axial
Temperature - RT
Environment - Air

Properties:
TUS, ksi
68 (L)
91 (L)
TYS, ksi
52 (L)
Temp.,EF
RT
(unnotched)
RT
(notched)
Log Nf = 8.76-3.05 log (Seq)
R2 = 91%

60E flank angle,
Reference:
Sample Size = 38
3.2.8.2.8

3-185
MMPDS-01
1 February 2003
100
80
60
Stress, ksi
L
LT
ST
40
Ramberg - Osgood
n (L) = 22
n (LT) = 17
n(ST) = 14
20
TYPICAL
Thickness = 4.001 - 6.000 in.
0
0
10
12
Figure 3.2.8.3.6(a). Typical tensile stress-strain curves for 2219-T852 aluminum

alloy hand forging at room temperature.
100
80
Stress, ksi
60
L
LT and ST
40
Ramberg - Osgood
n(L-tension) = 16
n(LT-tension) = 15
n(ST-tension) = 15
20
TYPICAL
Thickness = 6.001 - 8.000 in.
0
0
10
12
Figure 3.2.8.3.6(b). Typical tensile stress-strain curves for 2219-T852 aluminum

alloy hand forging at room temperature.
3-186
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1 February 2003
100
80
Stress, ksi
60
L and LT
LT and ST
L
40
ST
Ramberg - Osgood
n (L) = 20
n (LT) = 19
n(ST) = 17
20
TYPICAL
Thickness = 4.001 - 6.000 in.
0
0
10
12

3
Comprsssive Tangent Modulus, 10 ksi
Figure 3.2.8.3.6(c). Typical compressive stress-strain and compressive tangentmodulus curves for 2219-T852 aluminum alloy hand forging at room temperature.
100
Ramberg - Osgood
n (L-comp.) = 12
n (LT-comp.) = 12
n(ST-comp.) = 14
80
TYPICAL
Thickness = 6.001 - 8.000 in.
60
Stress, ksi
LT and ST
L
40
LT
ST
20
0
0
6
8
3
10
12
Figure 3.2.8.3.6(d). Typical compressive stress-strain and compressive tangentmodulus curves for 2219-T852 aluminum alloy hand forging at room temperature.
3-187
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80
70
Longitudinal
Short transverse
60
Long transverse
Stress, ksi
50
40
30
20
10
TYPICAL
0
0.00
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.12
Strain, in./in.
Figure 3.2.8.3.6(e). Typical tensile stress-strain curves (full range) for 2219-T852
aluminum alloy hand forging at room temperature.
3-188
MMPDS-01
1 February 2003
160
140
120
100
80
1/2 hr
10 hr
100 hr
1000 hr
10,000 hr
60
40
1/2 hr
10 hr
100 hr
1000 hr
10,000 hr
20
0
-500
-400
-300
-200
-100
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
Temperature, F

2219-T87 aluminum alloy sheet and plate.
3-189
MMPDS-01
1 February 2003
160
140
120
100
80
1/2 hr
10 hr
100 hr
1000 hr
10,000 hr
60
40
1/2 hr
10 hr
100 hr
1000 hr
10,000 hr
20
0
-500
-400
-300
-200
-100
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
Temperature, F
Figure 3.2.8.4.1(b). Effect of temperature on the tensile yield strength (Fty) of 2219T87 aluminum alloy sheet and plate.
3-190
MMPDS-01
1 February 2003
100
80
LT - compression
L - compression
L and LT - tension
Stress, ksi
60
40
Ramberg - Osgood
n(L & LT-tension) = 14
n (L & LT-comp.) = 14
20
TYPICAL
Thickness = 0.125 - 1.000 in.
0
0
10
12

3

tangent-modulus curves for 2219-T87 aluminum alloy sheet and plate at room
temperature.
3-191
MMPDS-01
1 February 2003
80
Long transverse
70
Longitudinal
60
X
X
Stress, ksi
50
40
30
20
10
TYPICAL
0
0.00
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.12
Strain, in./in.
Figure 3.2.8.4.6(b). Typical tensile stress-strain curves (full range) for 2219-T87
aluminum alloy sheet and plate at room temperature.
3-192
MMPDS-01
1 February 2003
60
.
Long transverse
50
Stress, ksi
40
30
20
Ramberg-Osgood
n = 20.5
TYPICAL
10
Thickness: 3.000 - 4.000 in.

0
10
12
Figure 3.2.8.4.6(c). Typical tensile stress-strain curve for 2219-T87 aluminum alloy
plate at room temperature.
60
.
Short transverse
50
Stress, ksi
40
30
20
Ramberg-Osgood
n = 15.7
TYPICAL
10
Thickness: 1.600 - 4.000 in.

0
10
12
Figure 3.2.8.4.6(d). Typical tensile stress-strain curve for 2219-T87 aluminum alloy
plate at room temperature.
3-193
MMPDS-01
1 February 2003
80
Long Transverse
70
60
Short Transverse
Stress, ksi
50
40
30
20
Thickness: 1.600 - 4.000 in.

TYPICAL
10
0
0.00
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
Strain, in./in.
Figure 3.2.8.4.6(e). Typical tensile stress-strain curve (full range) for 2219-T87
aluminum alloy plate at room temperature.
3-194
MMPDS-01
31 January 2003
3.2.9 2297 ALLOY

3.2.9.0 COMMENTS AND PROPERTIES 2297 is an Al-Cu-Li-Mn-Zr plate alloy with
moderately high strength and both high fatigue resistance and fracture toughness for durability and
damage tolerant applications. The alloy shows excellent short-transverse mechanical properties and
stress-corrosion cracking resistance in plate thicknesses to 6-inches. Tensile properties show good
isotropy with only slightly lower strength in the in-plane 45 orientation, similar to the differences in inplane properties usually found in Li-free high strength aluminum alloys.
The T87 condition is obtained after solution heat treating, quenching, stress-relief by stretching,
and artificial aging to peak strength. Little, or no, reduction in fracture toughness is found after elevated
temperature exposure.
This alloy is not designed to be welded. Use of mechanical fasteners only is recommended.
This alloy has shown a sensitivity to cold-hole expansion for improved fatigue resistance when
fastener holes, whose axes were perpendicular to the short transverse direction, were processed. Care
should be taken to ensure that all of the processing parameters have been evaluated prior to the
application of cold expansion to prevent cracking in the material.
Material specifications for 2297 are shown in Table 3.2.9.0(a). Room temperature mechanical
and physical properties are shown in Table 3.2.9.0(b). Fracture toughness properties are shown in Table
3.1.2.1.6. Cyclic stress-strain and strain-life curves are shown in Figure 3.2.9.0.6. Fatigue crack
propagation is shown in Figure 3.2.9.0.9.
Table 3.2.9.0(a). Material Specifications for

2297-T87 Aluminum Alloy
Specification
Form
AMS 4330
Plate
3-195
MMPDS-01
31 January 2003
Table 3.2.9.0(b). Design Mechanical and Physical Properties of 2297-T87
Aluminum Alloy Plate
Specification . . . . . . . . . . .
AMS 4330
Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Plate
Temper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
T87
Thickness, in. . . . . . . . . . .
3.001-4.000
4.001-5.000
5.001-6.000
Basis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S
A
B
A
B
Ftu, ksi:
L ..................
LT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fty, ksi:
L ..................
LT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fcy, ksi:
L ..................
LT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fsu, ksi
S-L c . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
T-S c . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fbrud, ksi:
(e/D = 1.5) . . . . . . . . . .
(e/D = 2.0) . . . . . . . . . .
Fbryd, ksi:
(e/D = 1.5) . . . . . . . . . .
(e/D = 2.0) . . . . . . . . . .
e, percent (S-basis):
L ..................
LT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
E, 103 ksi . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ec, 103 ksi . . . . . . . . . . . .
G, 103 ksi . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...................
, lb/in.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
C, Btu/(lb)(EF) . . . . . . . .
K, Btu/[(hr)(ft2)(EF)/ft] . .
, 10-6 in./in./EF . . . . . . . .
62
62
59
60
61
61b
58b
59
62
64
61
63
60a
60a
57a
59
62
64
61
63
57
57
54
54
56b
56
52
54
58
57
54
55
55a
55a
52
53
58
57
54
56
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
30
38
31
37
33
39
32
36
34
39
98
128
97
126
102
132
95
123
102
132
85
99
84
98
85
99
82
96
85
99
5
4
1.5
5
4
1.5
...
...
...
5
4
1.5
...
...
...
11.3
...
...
...
0.096
...
...
...
a S-basis. The rounded T99 values are as follows; Ftu(L) = 61, Ftu(LT) = 62, Ftu(ST) = 59, Fty(L) = 57, Fty(LT) = 56.
b S-basis. The rounded T99 values are as follows; Ftu(LT) = 62 ksi, Ftu(ST) = 59 ksi, Fty(L) = 57 ksi.
c Standard letter designations for shear properties per ASTM B769: 1st letter refers to grain direction, 2nd letter refers to
loading direction.
d Bearing values are dry pin values per Section 1.4.7.1.
3-196
MMPDS-01
31 January 2003
0.1
L Data
ST Data
L Average
Strain Range, %
ST Average
0.01
0.001
10
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
1,000,000
10,000,000
Fatigue Life, cycles
70
60
Stress, ksi
50
40
S T D ata
30
S T A ve ra g e
L D ata
L A ve ra g e
20
10
0
0
0 .0 0 2
0 .0 0 4
0 .0 0 6
0 .0 0 8
0 .0 1
0 .0 1 2
0 .0 1 4
0 .0 1 6
S t r a in , p e r c e n t
Figure 3.2.9.0.6. Strain-life and cyclic stress-strain curves for 2297-T87,

4 inch plate.
3-197
MMPDS-01
31 January 2003
Correlative Information for Figure 3.2.9.0.6
Properties:
ST
L
TUS, ksi
63.5
64.6
TYS, ksi
56.0
59.8
Stress-Strain Equations:
ST Direction
()/2 = /E + p where
E = 11.3 x103 ksi (reported),
p = 6.243 x 10-103.187 for < 50.86 ksi, and
p = 1.606 x 10-34 17.598 for > 50.86 ksi.
Temp., EF
RT
RT
Specimen Details:
Uniform gage test section
0.250-inch diameter
L Direction
()/2 = /E + p where
E = 11.3 x103 ksi (reported),
p = 1.219 x 10-103.566 for < 50.03 ksi, and
p = 1.074 x 10-37 19.478 for > 50.03 ksi.
Surface Condition: Machined and polished along

the length of the specimen using a
commercial metal polishing paste called
POL Metal Polish. The specimens had a
mirror-like finish, estimated as an RMS of
4.
Reference:
Equivalent Strain Equations:

ST Direction
Log Nf = -6.66-4.96 log (t - 0.001)
Standard Error of Estimate = 0.249
Standard Deviation in Life = 0.864
R2 = 96 %
Sample Size = 21
3.2.9.0
Test Parameters:
Frequency - 0.5 - 5 Hz. (Higher frequencies
typically used for the longer tests at the
lower strains.)
Temperature - RT
Environment - Lab Air (approx. 50% relative
humidity)
L Direction
Log Nf = -1.88-2.54 log (t - 0.0037)
Standard Error of Estimate = 0.141
Standard Deviation in Life = 0.722
R2 = 98 %
Sample Size = 21
Strain Ratio = -1
3-198

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Office of Aviation Research

Metallic Materials Properties

This document is available to the U.S. public

U.S. Department of Transportation

The temper index for 2219 is as follows:

Sheet and plate

AMS 4031 &

Thickness, in. ..............

a Bearing values are dry pin values per Section 1.4.7.1.

- Between 70 F and indicated temperature

Percent Ftu of Room Temperature

Figure 3.2.8.1.1(a). Effect of temperature on the tensile ultimate strength (Ftu) of

Percent Fty of Room Temperature

Strain, 0.001 in./in.

Figure 3.2.8.1.6(a). Typical tensile and compressive stress-strain and compressive

Percent Ftu of Room Temperature

Figure 3.2.8.2.1(a). Effect of temperature on the tensile ultimate strength (Ftu) of

Percent Fty of Room Temperature

Strain, 0.001 in./in.

Figure 3.2.8.2.6(a). Typical tensile and compressive stress-strain and compressive

Correlative Information for Figure 3.2.8.2.8(a)

Product Form: Plate, 2.00 inch thick

Specimen Details: Notched, V-Groove, Kt = 2.0

[Caution: The equivalent stress model may

Correlative Information for Figure 3.2.8.2.8(b)

Product Form: Plate, 2.00 inch thick

Specimen Details: Notched, V-Groove, Kt = 3.2

[Caution: The equivalent stress model may

Correlative Information for Figure 3.2.8.2.8(c)

Product Form: Plate, 2.00 inch thick

Specimen Details: Notched, V-Groove, Kt = 3.2

[Caution: The equivalent stress model may

Correlative Information for Figure 3.2.8.2.8(d)

Product Form: Plate, 2.00 inch thick

Specimen Details: Notched, V-Groove, Kt = 5.0

[Caution: The equivalent stress model may

Strain, 0.001 in./in.

Figure 3.2.8.3.6(a). Typical tensile stress-strain curves for 2219-T852 aluminum

Strain, 0.001 in./in.

Figure 3.2.8.3.6(b). Typical tensile stress-strain curves for 2219-T852 aluminum

Strain, 0.001 in./in.

Percent Ftu of Room Temperature

Figure 3.2.8.4.1(a). Effect of temperature on the tensile ultimate strength (Ftu) of

Percent Fty of Room Temperature

Strain, 0.001 in./in.

Figure 3.2.8.4.6(a). Typical tensile and compressive stress-strain and compressive

Thickness: 3.000 - 4.000 in.

Strain, 0.001 in./in.

Thickness: 1.600 - 4.000 in.

Strain, 0.001 in./in.

Thickness: 1.600 - 4.000 in.

3.2.9 2297 ALLOY

Table 3.2.9.0(a). Material Specifications for

Fatigue Life, cycles

Figure 3.2.9.0.6. Strain-life and cyclic stress-strain curves for 2297-T87,

Surface Condition: Machined and polished along

Equivalent Strain Equations:

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