Abstract In this paper a planar elliptical CPW fed

monopole antenna with five band notched performance is

designed using multiple fractal slots. The proposed antenna is
etched on a TLY-5 (Taconic) PCB with an overall size of
41x45x0.782 mm
3
. Five band notches with sharp rejection can
be accomplished at Wimax band (3.3-3.7 GHz), WLAN (5.15-
5.825 GHz), RFID (6.8 GHZ), downlink of X-band satellite
communication system band (7.25-7.75 GHz), ITU uplink
satellite communication band (8.1 GHz). The antenna exhibits
an impedance bandwidth from 2.9 GHz to 12 GHz. The
simulation result of the above antenna has good impedance
matching, approximately omni-directional radiation pattern and
peak gain of 6.0 dBi.

Index Terms Printed monopole antenna, ultra wideband
antenna, band-notched, half-wavelength slot
I. INTRODUCTION
In 2002 federal communications commission (FCC) has
permitted the utilization of 3.1 to 10.6 GHz band for
unlicensed use. Now a days due to wide application of ultra-
wide band (UWB) the radio system is being popular in the
field of academic and industries. UWB wireless
communication systems are dominant in todays
communication world (1-4). While designing UWB antenna
the main emphasis is given to its compact size, gain,
omnidirectional radiation patterns [5-6], flat group delay [7-
9] response etc. Due to the interference between some
existing narrow bands such as WiMAX (3.3-3,7 GHz),
WLAN (5.15-5.825 GHz), RFID (centered at 6.8 GHz),
Downlink of X-band satellite communication system (7.25-
7.75 GHz) & ITU uplink satellite communication centered at
8.1 GHz and the UWB system, the design of such antennas
remains a permanent challenge to the antenna designers. So it
is mandatory to filter the overlapping frequency band for





Satyabrata Maiti is with the Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology,
Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India currently pursuing his degree in M.tech (Phone:
+91 9434142788; E.mail: satyabratamaiti12@gmail.com
Sangita Das is with the Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology,
Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India currently pursuing her degree in M.tech ( Email:
sangitadas716@gmail.com )
Dr. Amlan Datta holds a Associate Dean Position with the department of
Electronics Engineering at KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

preventing the interferences. The printed monopole antenna
is very dominant among the proposed UWB antenna due to
ease of integration, small size, and simple fabrication with
compact front end. The coplanar waveguide (CPW) has
favourable advantages compared to micro strip feed line such
as unipolar configuration, easy integration, lower dispersion
in high frequency and it has minimal dependence on substrate
thickness. Five band-stop filters connected to the ultra wide
band antenna can be used to discard these bands. The basic
way to solve this problem is to design the UWB antenna with
notch band characteristics. Various UWB printed monopole
band notched characteristics have been presented. Various
type of slots namely rectangular slot [10], Hair pin slot [12],
using various fractal shape slot [14], L-shape slot [15], U-
shaped slot [16] etc have been reported to achieve notch
bands so far.
The paper is arranged such that section II describes the
antenna design and parametric study followed by results and
discussion in section III and conclusion in section IV.
II. ANTENNA DESIGN AND PARAMETRIC STUDY
















The design of the proposed UWB antenna is shown in Fig.1.
The antenna is simulated by the Finite Integration method
using Time domain solver of CST microwave studio. The
substrate used is Taconic TLY-5 with thickness of 0.762mm,
relative dielectric constant
r
of 2.2, and loss tangent of 0.02.
The proposed antenna has a size of 41x45x0.782 mm
3
. Five
band notches with sharp rejection can be accomplished for
Design and Analysis of Band-Notched UWB
Printed Monopole Antenna using Multiple Slots
Satyabrata Maiti, Sangita Das, Amlan Datta

(a)
International Conference on Communication and Signal Processing, April 3-5, 2014, India
978-1-4799-3357-0
Adhiparasakthi Engineering College, Melmaruvathur
257



Wimax (3.3-3.7 GHz), WLAN (5.15-5.825 GHz), RFID (6.8
GHZ), downlink of X-band satellite communication system
band (7.25-7.75 GHz), and ITU uplink satellite
communication band (8.1 GHz).The Printed UWB antenna
consists of a 50- CPW feed line and a planar elliptical patch
with five slots of U shape, L-Shape, Levy fractal, Hair pin &
minkowski fractal slot. In this paper an elliptical shaped
monopole UWB antenna with five band notch characteristics
is proposed. A U Shape slot is etched from the feed line to
obtain notched band from 3.3GHz-3.7GHz. Two symmetrical
inverted L shaped slots are etched from the ground plane to
obtain notched band from 5.15 GHz to 5.85 GHz. A levy
fractal slot of the first iteration is etched out from the radiator
to create an RFID rejection band centered at 6.8 GHz. A
hairpin slot is etched out from the feed line to create a
Satellite rejection band centered at 7.4 GHz. Minkowski
fractal slot of second order iteration in the radiator results in
rejection band for X-band uplink satellite communication
centered at 8.1GHz.

























Fig 2 Slot Configuration



The antenna was designed with the aid of CST microwave
studio, the dimensions of the optimized antenna prototype
are:
Lsub=41, Wsub= 45, Lg=21.75, Wg=20.3, Wo=1.3,
Gp=0.55,Lp=0.75, L1=13.7, L2=8.2, Ts2=0.45, Z=2.0, Z1=3.0,
Ts1=0.55, s=0.67, Ts3=0, S1=0.5, D3=0.7, D1=3.8, Th1=3.5, S2=
17.4, TS3=1.
The antenna has compact size of 41x 45x0.762 mm
3
on
Taconic substrate with r=2.2.The location and shapes of the
slots were determined as shown in Fig 2.
For calculating, wavelength
eff
o
g
c

= (1) ,
where o = is the free space wave length and
2
1
12 1
2
1
2
1

(

+
+
=
W
h
r r
reff
c c
c (2)
A straight slot S2 was cut from the feed line with S1=0.5mm,
and length S2=17.4 mm, which is half wave length calculated
3.4 GHz in the Wimax band. The parametric studies are
carried out to investigate the effect of the slot on the band-
notched characteristics, as well as the impedance matching of
the antenna with different length. Two symmetrical L shape
slots in the ground plane results in band notch at 5.5 GHz.
The effective lengths of the L-shaped slots are initially
decided using formula (3), (4) and then optimized using CST
microwave studio.
L_S=L1+L2-Ts2 (3)

eff
f
c
S L
c
~
2
_ (4)
Here, c is the speed of the light.





















Fig 5: Simulated VSWR for varying TS1




Fig 1: (a) Geometry of the proposed antenna. (b) U shape slot (c) L shape slot
(d) Levy fractal slot (e) Hair pin slot (f) Minkowski fractal slot

(b)
(c)
(d)
(e) (f)


Fig: 3 Fig: 4
Fig.3 & 4: Simulated VSWR for varying L1 & L2



258



Parametric study involving l1, l2, and ts2are depicted in fig 3,
4 & 5 respectively. It is observed that as l1inceases the notch
is shifted towards lower frequencies similar is observed by
varying l1, l2 & ts2.
The effective length of the U shape slot is initially calculated
Using (5) & (6) and then optimized using CST microwave
studio. The width and location of the slot are then adjusted to
exactly reject the centre frequency f
2
= 3.5 GHz for Wimax
system.
L_U=2S2+2S1 (5)


eff
f
c
U L
c
=
2
2
(6)









Parametric studies involving length S2 and thickness S1 are
outlined in fig 6 and fig 7.The parametric study shows that as
the length and thickness S1 & S2 respectively decreases, the
notch band is shifted towards higher frequency without
affecting the other band notches.
The effective length of two Minkowski fractal slots in a patch
near the feed is chosen using (7) & (8) then optimized using
CST microwave studio. In equation 8, f
3
represents the uplink
X-band satellite communication rejection band centre at 8.1
GHz.
S MINKOWSKI L = 29 _ (7)

eff
f
c
MINKOWSKI L
c
~
3
2
_ (8)













The parametric studies with variations in length S and
thickness TS3 respectively are shown in Fig 8 & 9. The
parametric studies show that as the length of the segment S
increases, the notched band shifts towards lower frequencies,
keeping the other notched bands intact, whereas the notched
band is shifted towards higher frequencies as slot width TS3
increases without disturbing other notched bands. The
parametric study shows that the optimum segment length S
and width t for notch frequency of 8.1GHz is 0.66mm and
0.25mm respectively.













L_L=6Z1+3Z (9)


eff
f
c
L L
c
=
4
2
(10)
The effective length of the levy fractal slot is calculated using
(9) & (10) and then optimized using a CST microwave studio.
The Levy fractal slot in the radiator of the antenna consists
each of length Z1 and three identical segments each of the
length Z and whole slot is having thickness Ts1 in fig 10 &
fig 11.
The gap between the radiator patch and the ground plane is
given by L
p
. An optimized value of L
p
is obtained as 0.75mm.
The optimized width of CPW feed is 1.53mm.
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
The antenna is simulated by CST microwave studio. The
dimension of the antenna is 41mmx 45 mm.















Fig: 6 Fig: 7



Fig: 8
Fig: 9
Fig.8 & 9: Simulated VSWR for varying S & TS3



Fig: 10 Fig: 11
Fig 10 & 11: Simulated VSWR for varying Z&TS1

Fig 12. Simulated VSWR of the antenna
(Except band notch)

Fig.6 & 7: Simulated VSWR for varying S1 & S2


259



The VSWR of the antenna is plotted in fig 12 and is found
that VSWR<2 except at the band notches.
The antenna exhibits an impedance bandwidth from 2.9 GHz
to 12 GHz with five notches at 3.3-3.7GHz(Wimax), 5.15-
5.825GHz(WLan),6.8GHz(RFID),7.25-7.825GHz
(Downlink of X-band satellite communication system), and
8.1GHz (uplink satellite communication).












Fig.13 shows the simulated VSWR of the designed antenna.
































The current distributions at five notch frequencies are
depicted in fig14. It is seen that at lower frequencies the
current is mostly distributed along the sides of the slot. This
results in high attenuation at the notch frequency due to the
impedance mismatch at those frequencies. The notch centred
at 3.5 GHz is due to the U shaped slot and Hair pin slot in the
CPW feed line. Moreover the Levy fractal and Minkowski
fractal slot in the radiator result in notch band centred at
6.8GHz and 8.1 GHz.










The simulated peak gain is shown in fig15. The gain varies
from 2.5 dBi to 6.0dBi. The distortion less transmission of the
proposed antenna is confirmed by studying the group delay as
shown in fig16.































The simulated radiation patterns in the H plane (xz) and E
plane (yz) at 4.0, 7.0, and 10.0 are shown in fig17. The
antenna displays Omni directional pattern in the H plane and
bi directional pattern in the E plane.


Fig 13. Simulated VSWR of the proposed antenna




(a) (b)

(c) (d)

(e)
Fig14: Current distribution at (a) 3.4 GHz, (b) 5.5 GHz,
(c) 6.8 GHz, (d) 7.4GHz, (e) 8.1 GHz



260



IV. CONCLUSION

The paper presents a compact printed elliptical shaped UWB
antenna with five band notches using different fractal slots.
To obtain five notched bands, U shaped slot and a hair pin
slot were etched from the CPW feed line, Levy fractal and
Minkowski fractal were etched from the radiating patch and
L shape slots are etched from the ground plane. The antenna
has a peak gain of 6.0 dBi and good omnidirectional radiation
Patterns. Five notched bands are generated, at selected
frequencies, in an extremely wideband base antenna to
support multiple communication systems while avoiding
inference from other existing narrowband systems.
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