Peruvian Navy

1
Peruvian Navy
Peruvian Navy
Marina de Guerra del Per
Coat of arms of the Peruvian Navy
Active October 8, 1821 - today
Country Peru
Allegiance Ministry of Defense
Branch Navy
Size 25,988 active personnel 51 ships, 33 aircraft
Headquarters Callao naval base
Patron Miguel Grau Seminario
Anniversaries October 8 - Navy's Foundation Day and Anniversary of the Battle of Angamos
Engagements Gran Colombia-Peru War
War of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation
Chincha Islands War
War of the Pacific
Commanders
Commander-in-Chief Admiral Jorge De La Puente Ribeyro
Insignia
Naval Ensign
Naval Jack
The Peruvian Navy (Spanish: Marina de Guerra del Per, abbreviated MGP) is the branch of the Peruvian Armed
Forces tasked with surveillance, patrol and defense on lakes, rivers and the Pacific Ocean up to 200 nautical miles
(370km) from the Peruvian littoral. Additional missions include assistance in safeguarding internal security,
conducting disaster relief operations and participating in international peacekeeping operations. The Marina de
Peruvian Navy
2
Guerra del Per celebrates on October 8 the anniversary of its creation (1821) and of the Battle of Angamos (1879).
History
Battle of Angamos, October 8, 1879.
The Marina de Guerra del Per was established on October 8, 1821 by
the government of general Jos de San Martn. Its first actions were
undertaken during the War of Independence (18211824) using
captured Spanish warships. Shortly afterwards it was engaged in the
war against the Gran Colombia (18281829) during which it
conducted a blockade against the seaport of Guayaquil and then helped
with the occupation of this city by Peruvian forces. It saw further
action during the wars of the Peru-Bolivian Confederacy (18361839)
and during the Chincha Islands War with Spain (1866). The breakout
of the War of the Pacific (18791883) caught the Peruvian Navy
unprepared and with inferior forces in comparison with the Chilean Navy. Even so, hit-and-run tactics carried out by
Peruvian Admiral Miguel Grau, commander of the ironclad Huscar, delayed the Chilean advance by six months
until his death and defeat at the Battle of Angamos.
After the war, the Peruvian Navy had to be rebuilt from the ground up. In 1900 the force amounted to only one
cruiser of 1,700 tons displacement, a screw-driven steamer, and ten smaller ships - the latter described by a
contemporary British publication as "of no real value".
[1]
The lengthy process of expansion and rebuilding started in
1907 with the acquisition in the United Kingdom of the protected cruisers Almirante Grau and Coronel Bolognesi,
followed by the arrival of two submarines, Ferr and Palacios, from France in 1911. During the Presidency of
Augusto B. Legua (19191930) a Navy Ministry was established as well as a Navy Aviation Corps, both in 1920.
Border conflicts with Colombia in 1911 and 1932 and a war with Ecuador in 1941 saw Peruvian warships involved
in some skirmishes in support of the Army. The attack on Pearl Harbor brought World War II to the Pacific and even
though Peru did not declare war on the Axis until 1945, its Navy was involved in patrol missions against possible
threats by the Imperial Japanese Navy from early 1942 up to mid-1945. During the 1970s and the first half of the
1980s the Peruvian Navy carried out a major buildup programme which allowed it to take advantage over its
traditional rival, the Chilean Navy. This proved to be temporary because the economic crisis of the second half of the
1980s forced the decommissioning of several warships and resulted in a general lack of funds for maintenance. The
economic upturn of the 1990s and 2000s has permitted some improvement although at a reduced force level
compared to the early 1980s.
Organization
Peruvian Navy
Marina de Guerra del Per
Peruvian Navy
3
History
History of the Peruvian Navy
Battles of the Peruvian Navy
Ships
Current ships
Historic ships
Personnel
Senior officers
Officer rank insignia
Enlisted rate insignia
Other
Naval School
The current Commander-in-Chief of the Peruvian Navy is Admiral Jorge De La Puente Ribeyro.
[2]
Naval Forces are
subordinated to the Ministry of Defense and ultimately to the President as Commander-in-Chief of the Peruvian
Armed Forces. They are organized as follows:
Comandancia General de la Marina (Navy General Command)
Estado Mayor General de la Marina (Navy General Staff)
Inspectora General de la Marina (Navy General Inspectorate)
Operational units are divided between three commands:
Comandancia General de Operaciones del Pacfico
Pacific Operations General Command, it comprises the following units:
Fuerza de Superficie (Surface Force)
Fuerza de Submarinos (Submarine Force)
Fuerza de Aviacin Naval (Naval aviation Force)
Fuerza de Infantera de Marina (Naval Infantry Force)
Fuerza de Operaciones Especiales (Special Operations Force)
Comandancia General de Operaciones de la Amazona
Amazon Operations General Command, tasked with river patrolling in the Peruvian portion of the Amazon Basin.
Direccin General de Capitanas y Guardacostas
Coast Guard, tasked with law enforcement on Peruvian territorial waters, rivers and lakes.
Peruvian Navy
4
Bases
Callao naval base.
Ancn - Naval Infantry headquarters and base
Callao - Main naval base, dockyard and naval aviation base, Naval
Medical Center which contains the US Navy unit Naval Medical
Research Unit Six
Chimbote - Minor base and dockyard
Iquitos - On the Amazon river
Paita - Minor base
Pisco - Minor base
Puno - On Lake Titicaca
San Juan de Marcona - Naval aviation base
Although most of the fleet is based at Callao, this is not considered an ideal location because it is also the main outlet
for Peruvian trade, causing space and security problems. During the 1980s the building of a new naval base at
Chimbote was considered but high costs and a bad economic situation made the project unfeasible.
[3]
Personnel
Standing watch on BAP Maritegui (FM-54).
Personnel (as of 2001)
[4]
Commissioned Officers 2,107
Non-commissioned officers 16,863
Cadets 620
NCO in training 1,533
Enlisted 4,855
Civilians 5,079
Total 25,988 (excl. civilians)
Peruvian Navy
5
Ranks
Ranks of the officers of the Navy [5]
Ranks of the sub-officers of the Navy [6]
Ranks of the enlisted of the navy [7]
Ships
Current ships
Vessel Origin Type Class In
service
Notes
Guided missile cruiser (1 in service)
BAPAlmirante
Grau(CLM-81)
Netherlands
guided missile
cruiser
De Zeven
Provincin-class
cruiser
Yes
ex-HNLMSDe Ruyter(C-801)
Flagship of the Peruvian Navy
Submarines (6 in service)
BAPAngamos(SS-31) Germany diesel-electric
submarine
Type 209/1200
Yes
ex-BAP Casma
BAPAntofagasta(SS-32) Germany diesel-electric
submarine
Type 209/1200
Yes
BAPPisagua(SS-33) Germany diesel-electric
submarine
Type 209/1200
Yes
BAPChipana(SS-34) Germany diesel-electric
submarine
Type 209/1200
Yes
ex-BAP Blume
BAPIslay(SS-35) Germany diesel-electric
submarine
Type 209/1100
Yes
locally upgraded in 2008
BAPArica(SS-36) Germany diesel-electric
submarine
Type 209/1100
Yes
locally upgraded in 2008
Guided missile frigates (7 in service, 1 being upgraded)
BAPCarvajal(FM-51)
Italy
guided missile
frigate
Lupo-class frigate
Yes
BAPVillavisencio(FM-52)
Italy
guided missile
frigate
Lupo-class frigate
Yes
BAPMontero(FM-53)
Peru
guided missile
frigate
Lupo-class frigate
Yes
BAPMaritegui(FM-54)
Peru
guided missile
frigate
Lupo-class frigate
Yes
BAPAguirre(FM-55)
Italy
guided missile
frigate
Lupo-class frigate
Yes
ex-Orsa (F-567)
BAPPalacios(FM-56)
Italy
guided missile
frigate
Lupo-class frigate
Yes
ex-Lupo (F-564)
BAPBolognesi(FM-57)
Italy
guided missile
frigate
Lupo-class frigate
No
ex-Perseo (F-566) currently being overhauled and
upgraded in SIMA Callao shipyard, including
locally-made CMS and ESM systems, a Kronos
NV 3D radar, MASS countermeasures system and
4 MM40 Block III Exocet missiles replacing
Otomat.
Peruvian Navy
6
BAPQuiones(FM-58)
Italy
guided missile
frigate
Lupo-class frigate
Yes
ex-Sagittario (F-565)
Guided missile corvettes (6 in service)
BAP Velarde (CM-21)
France
fast attack craft PR-72P-class
corvette
Yes
BAP Santillana (CM-22)
France
fast attack craft PR-72P-class
corvette
Yes
BAP De los Heros (CM-23)
France
fast attack craft PR-72P-class
corvette
Yes
BAP Herrera (CM-24)
France
fast attack craft PR-72P-class
corvette
Yes
BAP Larrea (CM-25)
France
fast attack craft PR-72P-class
corvette
Yes
BAP Snchez Carrin
(CM-26)
France
fast attack craft PR-72P-class
corvette
Yes
Amphibious (3 in service, 1 in construction, 1 ordered)
Unnamed
Peru
Landing
Plataform,
Dock
Makassar class
No
first ship of its class laid down on July 12, 2013
in the SIMA Callao shipyard
Unnamed
Peru
Landing
Plataform,
Dock
Makassar class
No
second ship is also on order and both are
scheduled to be delivered in 2015.
BAPPisco(DT-142) United
States
Landing Ship,
Tank
Terrebonne
Parish class
Yes
ex-USSWaldo County(LST-1163)
BAPCallao(DT-143) United
States
Landing Ship,
Tank
Terrebonne
Parish class
Yes
ex-USSWashoe County(LST-1165)
BAPEten(DT-144) United
States
Tank landing
ship
Terrebonne
Parish class
Yes
ex-USSTraverse County(LST-1160)
River gunboats vessels (5 in service, 1 in construction)
BAP Loreto (CF-11) United
States
River gunboat Loreto class
Yes
BAP Amazonas (CF-12) United
States
River gunboat Loreto class
Yes
BAP Maran (CF-13) United
Kingdom
River gunboat Maran class
Yes
BAP Ucayali (CF-14) United
Kingdom
River gunboat Maran class
Yes
BAP Clavero (CF-15)
Peru
River gunboat Clavero class
Yes
severely damaged by an uncontrolled fire in her
first operational deployment on May 25, 2010;
leaving two crewmen badly injured. Returned to
service in July 27, during the BRACOLPER 2012
exercise.
BAP Castilla (CF-16)
Peru
River gunboat Clavero class
No
laid down on April 9, 2010 in the SIMA Iquitos
shipyard.
launched in June 8, 2013.
Auxiliaries (12 in service, 2 in construction)
Peruvian Navy
7
Unnamed
Peru
Sail training
ship
-
No
laid down on December 8, 2012 in the SIMA
Callao shipyard, delivery expected in 2015, with
an estimated cost of US$ 50 millions.
BAP Unin (ABE-161)
Peru
Transport ship Ilo class
Yes
ex-BAP Mollendo (ATC-131). Used as training
ship
BAP Marte (ALY-313) Canada Sailing yacht Marte class Yes used as training ship
BAP Unanue (AMB-160) United
States
Diving support
ship
Sotoyomo class
Yes
ex-USSWateree(ATA-174)
BAP San Lorenzo
(ART-323)
Germany Torpedo
recovery vessel
San Lorenzo class
Yes
BAP Caloyeras (ACA-111) United
States
Water harbour
tanker
YW type
Yes
ex-US YW-128
BAP Noguera (ACP-118) United
States
Oil harbour
tanker
YO type
Yes
ex-US YO-221
BAP Gauden (ACP-119) United
States
Oil harbour
tanker
YO type
Yes
ex-US YO-171
BAP Guardian Rios
(ARB-123)
United
States
Offshore
tugboat
Cherokee class
Yes
ex-USSPinto(ATF-90)
BAP Dueas (ARB-126) United
States
Harbour tugboat YTB
Yes
BAP Selendn
Peru
Harbour tugboat 20 TBP class tug
Yes
Built in SIMA Callao shipyard, ordered in
2011.
[8]
Delivered in the first quarter of 2012.
BAP Medina
Peru
Harbour tugboat 20 TBP class tug
No
Currently under construction in SIMA Callao
shipyard.
BAP Bayovar (ATP-154)
Russia
Oil tanker Grigoriy
Nesterenko type
Yes
ex-Petr Schmidt
BAP Zorritos (ATP-155)
Russia
Oil tanker Grigoriy
Nesterenko type
Yes
ex-Grigoriy Nesterenko
Hospital vessels (5 in service)
BAP Morona (ABH-302)
Peru
River hospital
ship
Morona class
Yes
BAP Corrientes
(ABH-303)
Peru
Small river
hospital craft
-
Yes
BAP Curaray (ABH-304)
Peru
Small river
hospital craft
-
Yes
BAP Pastaza (ABH-305)
Peru
Small river
hospital craft
-
Yes
BAPPuno(ABH-306) United
Kingdom
Lake hospital
ship
Yavar class
Yes
ex-Yapura
[9]
operated by the Peruvian Coast Guard
Scientific research vessels (6 in service)
BIC Humboldt
Peru
Oceanographic
research ship
Humboltd class
No
Currently being overhauled in the SIMA Callao
shipyard since February 19, 2011, the works
include new propulsion and auxiliary engines, and
a major upgrade on the ship's scientific
equipment.
BAP Carrasco (AH-171)
Netherlands
Hydrographic
survey ship
Dokkum class
Yes
ex-HNLMS Abcoude minesweeper
Peruvian Navy
8
BAP Stiglich (AH-172)
Peru
Hydrographic
survey ship
Morona class
Yes
BAP La Macha (AEH-174)
Peru
Hydrographic
survey ship
-
Yes
BAP Carrillo (AH-175)
Netherlands
Hydrographic
survey ship
van Straelen class
Yes
ex-HNLMS van Hamel minesweeper
BAP Melo (AH-176)
Netherlands
Hydrographic
survey ship
van Straelen class
Yes
ex-HNLMS van der Wel minesweeper
Museum Ships
Vessel Origin Type Class Decommissioned Notes
BAPAmrica(RH-90) United
Kingdom
River gunboat Amrica
class
currently being restored at SIMA Iquitos
shipyard
BAPAbtao(SS-42) United States
Sierra-type
submarine
[10]
Abtao class 1998 become a museum ship in 2004
Recently Decommissioned Ships
Vessel Origin Type Class Decommissioned Notes
BAPPaita(DT-141) United
States
Tank landing ship Terrebonne
Parish class
September, 2012 ex-USSWalworth County(LST-1164)
BAPFerr(DM-74) United
Kingdom
Guided-missile
destroyer
Daring class
July 13, 2007
[11]
ex-HMSDecoy(D106)
BAP Talara
(ATP-152)
Peru
Replenishment
tanker
Talara class
August 12,
2008
[12]
capable of underway replenishment at
sea from the stern
BAP Lobitos
(ATP-153)
United
States
Oil tanker Sealift Pacific
class
July 20, 2008
[13]
ex-USNS Sealift Caribbean
(T-AOT-174)
Peruvian Navy
9
Naval Aviation
The Naval Aviation Force ((Spanish): Fuerza de Aviacin Naval, AVINAV) is the air branch of the Peruvian Navy,
its roles include anti-submarine warfare, anti-surface warfare, maritime surveillance, reconnaissance and transport of
marine personnel. It is also responsible for airborne operations of the Peruvian Marines.
Naval infantry
Peruvian Naval Infantry conducting exercises on
the Amazon river.
Naval Infantry Brigade
1st Naval Infantry Battalion - Ancn
2nd Naval Infantry Battalion - Ancn
Amphibious Support Group
Fire support Group
Commando Grouping
Engineers Unit
Other units
3rd Naval Infantry Battalion - Tumbes
4th Naval Infantry Battalion - Puno
1st Jungle Naval Infantry Battalion - Iquitos
2nd Jungle Naval Infantry Battalion - Pucallpa
Naval Infantry Detachment Litoral Sur - Mollendo
Equipment
Name Origin Type Version Used by Notes
Naval artillery
Bofors 152 mm gun
Sweden
dual-purpose
naval gun
152/53
model 1942
DeZevenProvincinclass
cruiser
Oto Melara 127/54
Compact Gun
Italy
dual-purpose
naval gun
127/54
Compact
Lupo class frigate
Oto Melara 76/62
Compact Gun
Italy
dual-purpose
naval gun
76/62
Compact
PR-72P class corvette
Oto Melara Twin 40
Compact Gun
Italy
Close-in weapon
system (CIWS)
Twin
40L70
De Zeven Provincin class
cruiser
Lupo class frigate
PR-72P class corvette
Anti-ship missiles
MBDA Otomat
Italy
anti-ship missile
(AShM)
OtomatII
Block 3
De Zeven Provincin class
cruiser
Lupo class frigate
on December 8, 2008 an updated Otomat II
Block 3 missile successfully launched
from the BAP Aguirre, hit a target at a
range in excess of 150 kilometers.
Peruvian Navy
10
MBDA Exocet
France
anti-ship missile
(AShM)
MM40
Block3
Lupo class frigate
four fire control systems and sixteen
missiles ordered on December 15,
2010.
[14]
Scheduled to be installed in the
4 Aguirre class frigates.
MBDA Exocet
France
anti-ship missile
(AShM)
MM38 PR-72P class corvette
MBDA Exocet
France
anti-ship missile
(AShM)
AM39
Block1
ASH-3D Sea King Land-based. Currently not embarked in
any surface unit of the Peruvian Navy
Surface-to-air missile
MBDA Aspide
Italy
surface-to-air
missile (SAM)
Aspide 1A Lupo class frigate
9K38 Igla
Russia
MANPADS 9K310
Igla-1
PR-72P class corvette
Peruvian Naval Infantry
used in MGP-86 mount for close air
defence
to be replaced with the FN-6 missile
system
FN-6
China
MANPADS FN-6 Peruvian Naval Infantry a small batch acquired in July, 2009 for
US$ 1.1 million
Torpedoes
Atlas Elektronik SUT Germany 533mm
heavyweight
torpedo
SUT 264 Type 209 submarine
Atlas Elektronik SST Germany 533mm
heavyweight
torpedo
SST-4
mod0
Type 209 submarine
Mark 44 torpedo United
States
324mm
lightweight
torpedo
Mk 44
mod1
Lupo class frigate
AB-212ASW
ASH-3D
Alenia-Whitehead
A244/S
Italy
324mm
lightweight
torpedo
A244/S Lupo class frigate
AB-212ASW
ASH-3D
Peacekeeping operations
The Peruvian Navy has been actively involved in several United Nations Peacekeeping Operations. As of June 2006
Naval Infantry and Special Operations troops have been deployed to United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus
(UNFICYP) (embedded in the Argentine forces [15] ) and United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti
(MINUSTAH). Peruvian naval officers have also been deployed to United Nations Organization Mission in the
Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC), United Nations Operation in Cte d'Ivoire (UNOCI), United Nations
Mission in Sudan (UNMIS) as United Nations Militar Observers (UNMOs).
Peruvian Navy
11
Gallery
BAP Almirante Grau (CLM-81)
firing its guns.
BAP Carvajal (FM-51). BAP Snchez Carrin
(CM-26).
Submarines
BAP Pisagua
(SS-33), BAP
Chipana
(SS-34), and
BAP Islay
(SS-35).
Naval Infantry coming ashore
from BAP Callao (DT-143).
BAP Mollendo (ATC-131). Otomat Mk.2 on display.
Notes
[1] Keltie, J.S., ed. The Statesman's Year Book: Statistical and Historical Annual of the States of the World for the Year 1900. New York:
MacMillan, 1900. p 887. (Retrieved via Google Books 3/4/11.)
[2] MGP - Commandante General (http:/ / www.marina.mil. pe/ gal_autoridades. asp)
[3] "La base de Chimbote", Caretas, 1985.
[4] http:/ / www. resdal.org/ art-rial. htm, based on Supreme Decree DS No. 69 DE/SG of 2001.
[5] http:/ / www. marina.mil. pe/ personal_superior.htm
[6] http:/ / www. marina.mil. pe/ personal_subalterno.htm
[7] http:/ / www. marina.mil. pe/ personal_marineria.htm
[8] [8] , July 17, 2011.
[9] http:/ / www. titicaca-peru. com/ yapura.htm
[10] Historic Naval Ships Association BAP ABTAO (SS-42) (http:/ / www. hnsa. org/ ships/ abtao. htm)
[11] [11] . July 13, 2007.
[12] [12] . August 23, 2009.
[13] [13] . August 23, 2009.
[14] Andina: PCM transfiere ms de S/. 114 millones para adquisicin de material militar (http:/ / www. andina. com. pe/ Espanol/ Noticia.
aspx?id=EcC1JaR26bE=)
[15] http:/ / www.un. org/ Depts/ dpko/ missions/ unficyp/ facts. html
Peruvian Navy
12
Sources
Baker III, Arthur D., The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World 2002-2003.
Naval Institute Press, 2002.
Basadre, Jorge, Historia de la Repblica del Per. Editorial Universitaria, 1983.
"La base de Chimbote", Caretas, 855: 31 (June 17, 1985).
Marchessini, Alejo, "La Comandancia de Operaciones del Pacifico".
Defensa 315/316: 68-69 (July / August 2004).
Marchessini, Alejo, "El proceso de Reforma Militar".
Defensa 318: 24-29 (October 2004).
Marchessini, Alejo, "Las patrulleras de los Guardacostas".
Defensa 342: 48-50 (October 2006).
Marchessini, Alejo & Javier Taibo, "La Marina de Guerra del Per".
Defensa 267/268: 36-59 (July / August 2000).
Ortiz Sotelo, Jorge, Apuntes para la historia de los submarinos peruanos. Biblioteca Nacional, 2001.
Rial, Juan, Los militares tras el fin del rgimen de Fujimori-Montesinos.
http:/ / www. resdal. org/ art-rial. htm
External links
Official Peruvian Navy Website (http:/ / www. marina. mil. pe)
Maquina de Combate (http:/ / maquina-de-combate. com/ fotos_y_videos/ Marina-de-Guerra-del-Peru) Photo
gallery.
Servicio Industrial de la Marina (http:/ / www. sima. com. pe) Peruvian Navy Shipyards. In English and
Spanish.
The Peruvian Navy: the XIX Century Maritime Campaigns (http:/ / members. lycos. co. uk/ Juan39/
PERUVIAN_MARITIME_CAMPAIGNS. html) a series of articles covering the history of the 19th century
Peruvian Navy by Juan del Campo.
Article Sources and Contributors
13
Article Sources and Contributors
Peruvian Navy Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=572502616 Contributors: Accurizer, After Midnight, AgainErick, Aldis90, Arcandam, Biruitorul, Bobblewik, Bogdan,
Cloudaoc, CommonsDelinker, DVdm, Davidships, Dentren, Descendall, Dimadick, Dogaroon, Dual Freq, Durin, E. Ripley, Editore99, Ekren, Esw01407, Evogol, Felix Stember, Flint and Fire,
Gaius Cornelius, Greenshed, Haus, High Contrast, Hmains, Howcheng, Hut 8.5, Jeborr, Jersey Devil, John Hill, John of Reading, Jor70, Khazar2, Kjoonlee, LilHelpa, Materialscientist, Mellery,
Midheridoc, Minimac, MoRsE, Ominae, Ourtpina, Pinethicket, Plastikspork, Quadell, Reach Out to the Truth, Rjwilmsi, Saberwyn, Schmiteye, Spellmaster, Svs220, The Epopt, TheCalbuco,
Tide rolls, Toddy1, Tommy2010, Tomtom9041, VanBuren, Vertium, Victor12, Viktorhauk, Weisbrod, Woohookitty, YSSYguy, Zurel Darrillian, 117 anonymous edits
Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors
File:MGP.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:MGP.jpg License: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Contributors: Midheridoc - Adaptacin del usuario sobre de un
trabajo de la MGP
File:Flag of Peru (state).svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_Peru_(state).svg License: Public Domain Contributors: User:Huhsunqu
File:Naval Jack of Peru.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Naval_Jack_of_Peru.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: User:Denelson83
File:Naval Battle of Angamos 1879.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Naval_Battle_of_Angamos_1879.jpg License: Public Domain Contributors: Barbe-Noire, Dan
fer, KTo288, Michau Sm
Image:Callao naval base.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Callao_naval_base.jpg License: Public Domain Contributors: Original uploader was Victor12 at
en.wikipedia
Image:BAP Maritegui CIC.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:BAP_Maritegui_CIC.jpg License: Public Domain Contributors: U.S. Navy photo by Mass
Communication Specialist 3rd Class Marcos T. Hernandez (RELEASED)
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File:Flag of Germany.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_Germany.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: Anomie
File:Flag of Italy.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_Italy.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: Anomie
File:Flag of Peru.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_Peru.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: User:Dbenbenn
File:Flag of France.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_France.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: Anomie
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