INNOVATIVE ENGLISH

UNIT 2

SECTION 2.1

SIMPLE PRESENT FOR BEGINNERS
PRESENTE SIMPLE PARA PRINCIPIANTES


Read the following dialogue using the Simple Present tense.

Tom: Hi Cindy, How are you today?
Cindy: Im okay but Im very busy.
Tom: Can I help you with anything?

Cindy: That is really nice of you. Would you help me make dinner.
The guests should be here in an hour.
Tom: No problem I love to cook.

CONJUGATION/Conjugacin

The conjugation of verbs in the Simple Present is easy, the verb remains the same
as the infinitive form except for the third person singular where we add an s (this
change occurs only in the positive form)
La conjugacin del Presente Simple es igual que su forma en el infinitivo pero el unico
cambio es en la tercera persona singular del afirmativo. En la forma positiva de la tercera
persona se necesita aadir una s.

To eat Comer
Simple Present
To work Trabajar
Simple Present

I eat I work
You eat You work

He eats He works
She eats She works
It eats It works

We eat We work
They eat They work


Ex 1

1. I (play) tennis everyweekend.

2. We (cook) dinner together every night.

3. She (writes) short stories for a magazine.

4. They (eat) Burger King almost every day.

2.
IRREGULAR VERBS/VERBOS IRREGULARES

For many verbs in the Simple Present we just need to add an s for the third person
singular (he,she,it). There are however some irregular verbs that require spelling
changes in the third person singular. Below are some examples of verbs that take
spelling changes.
Para la mayora de los verbos en el Presente Simple la conjugacin es igual que el
infinitivo y el unico cambio es en la tercera persona singular donde se aade la letra
s. Hay algunos Verbos Irregulares que requieren cambios ortogrficos y terminan
en es en las formas he/she/it. Abajo encontrar ejemplos de verbos que requieren
este cambio.

RULE for verbs ending in CONSONANT + Y

If a verb ends in consonant + y, change the -y to i and add es
(*only for the 3
rd
person singular)
Si el verbo termina en consonante + y, cambie la y a i y aade es
(*Solo en la 3era persona singular)


To try Intentar
Simple Present
To carry - Cargar
Simple Present
I try I carry
You try You carry

He tries He carries
She tries She carries
It tries

We try We carry
They try They carry



RULE for verbs ending in CH/SH/O/S/X

For verbs that end in these letters we simply add es in the third person singular.
Para los verbos con estas terminaciones simplemente se aade es en la tercera
persona singular.


ch To watch Charles watches TV. He watches TV.
sh To wish Sandra wishes for a
car.
She wishes for a
car.
o To go The car goes fast It goes fast.
ss

To dress Sarah dresses
nicely
She dresses nicely.
x To box Mike Tyson boxes
well.
He boxes well.



3.
Note:
This spelling change does not occur for verbs that end in a vowel +y.
Este cambio ortogrfico no sucede con verbos que terminan en vocal + y.
Example:
He plays the guitar.
(Here we simply add an s)


Uses for the Simple Present
Usos del Presente Simple

Take a look at the following examples. Notice in following examples that the Present
Simple is often used to describe what we do every day. We use verbs of frequency
(always, sometimes, usually, etc.) which indicate a habit.
Vea los siguientes ejemplos. En los ejemplos que siguen note que el presente simple
se usa para describir lo que hacemos todos los das. Utilizamos adverbios de
frequencia (siempre, a veces, usualmente,etc.) que indican un hbito.


Examples/ Ejemplos Usage/ Uso

Where do you work? Permanent or long-lasting situations
School starts at 9 o'clock. Situaciones permanentes o duraderas
She lives in Mexico.


I usually get up at 8 o'clock. Regular habits and daily routines
She doesn't usually exercise. Habitos y routinas diarias.
When do they usually go on
vacation?


Mexico city is one of the largest
cities in the world. Facts
Water freezes at 0. Hechos


I like spring and I dont like
winter. Feelings
She hates driving! Sentimientos


I dont agree with you on that point. Opinions and states of mind
I think she is an excellent worker. Opiniones y estados de animo


My flight leaves at 8 a.m. Timetables and schedules
The children finish school Horarios
at 3 p.m.




4.

Common present time expressions include: usually, always, often, sometimes, on
Saturdays, on weekends (at weekends British English), rarely, on occasion,
never, seldom


Simple Present
The sentences below are in the Simple Present.

I read the newspaper everyday.
You play the piano very well.
He listens to the radio every morning.
She draws the landscape.
She only eats fish.
It rains a lot.
We play cards on Saturdays.
We'll give it to her when she arrives.

They like to drink water instead of soda.


EXERCISE 1


1. He orange juice at breakfast. (to drink)
2. They television daily. (to read)
3. It a lot in the winter. (to snow)
4. They to New York every summer. (to drive)
5. Water at zero degrees. (to freeze)
6. Their father French. (to be)
7. the packet and the contents into hot water. (to
open, to add)

8. You the metro 2 more stops and then take bus N0. 20. (to take)
9. His girlfriend tomorrow. (to arrive)
10. She'll see you before she home. (to go)











* Negative and Interrogative forms use the conjugated form of the
auxiliary do


To do-
Simple Present
Affirmative
Negative
Pronoun + auxiliar + not +
verb in the infinitive form
Interrogative
Auxiliary + pronoun + verb
in the infinitive form
I do I do not/ dont Do I sing well?
you do you do not Do you sing well?

he/she/it does he/she/it does not
/doesnt
Does he/she/it sing well?

we do we do not/dont Do we sing well?
they do they do not/dont Do they sing well?


INTERROGATIVE FORM- Conjugated form of do + pronoun + verb in the infinitive
(without to)

NEGATIVE FORM Pronoun + Conjugated form of do +not + verb in the infinitive
(without to)

Example:
Affirmative - He wants a candy. I play the guitar.
Interrogative - Does he want? Do I play the guitar?
Negative - He does not want candy. / I do not play the guitar./
He doesnt want candy. I dont play the guitar.




Complete the sentences by conjugating the verbs in the third person singular with
s or es.

a. (he/go)to school every morning?
b. (she/understand)English?
c. (it/mix)the sand and the water?
d. (he/try)very hard?
e. (she/enjoy)playing the piano?