1

21
Linear Programming
1. (a)
0
y
x < 3
x = 3
x
(b)
0
2
4
y
y = 2x 4
y

2x 4
x
(c)
0
5
5
y
y = x + 5
y > x + 5
x
2. (a) y < 2x + 3
(b) y , x + 2
3. (a)
0
y
x = 3
y = 1
y = x
x
(b)
0
5
1
y
y = x + 5
y = x + 1
y = 2x
x
4. (a) y . 3, x , 2 and y < 2x
(b) y > 1, y , x and x + y < 6
(c) Equation of OA is y = 2x
Equation of OB is y =
1

2
x
Equation of CD is x + y = 6
Therefore, y < 2x, y >
1

2
x and x + y , 6.
(d) Equation of AB is y 3 =
3 1

2 4
(x 2)
y 3 = x + 2
y = x + 5
Equation of BC is y =
1
2 1

0 4
2
x + 2
y =
1

4
x + 2
Therefore, y x 1 < 0, y < x + 5 and
y >
1

4
x + 2.
5. (a) y . x
(b) y . 2x
(c) y x . 5
(d) y , x 2
(e) y < 2x
(f) y > 3x
(g) y < 2x
(h) x + 2y < 10
2
(i) 2x y > 8
(j)
x

y
<
3

4
4x < 3y
(k) y . 3x
(l) y < 4x 1
(m)
x

y
<
2

5
5x < 2y
(n) (2x + 3y) (x + y) , 4
x + 2y , 4
6. (a) (i) Maximum x = 4
(ii) Minimum y = 2
(iii) 2 < y < 4
(iv) The maximum value of x + 2y = 4 + 2(4)
= 12
The minimum value of x + 2y = 2 + 2(2)
= 6
(b) (i) Maximum x = 3
(ii) Minimum y = 0
(iii) 1 < y < 5
(iv) The maximum value of x + 2y = 2 + 2(5)
= 12
The minimum value of x + 2y = 0 + 2(0)
= 0
(c) (i) Maximum x = 4
(ii) Minimum y = 2
(iii) None
(iv) The maximum value of x + 2y = 3 + 2(4)
= 11
The minimum value of x + 2y = 4 + 2(2)
= 8
7. (a) x > 8, y < 2x, 0.5x + 0.4y < 20
5x + 4y < 200

0
20
30
40
50
10
x
x + y = 10
x = 8 y = 2x
5x + 4y = 200
y
10
(16, 30)
30 20 40
(b) Total number of fruits = x + y
(c) (i) Maximum number of fruits bought
= 16 + 30
= 46
(ii) The range of number of oranges
= {y : 0 < y < 26, y [ w}
(iii) The range of number of apples
= {x : 8 < x < 40, x [ w}
(iv) Cost = 0.5x + 0.4y
The total cost spent = 0.5(20) + 0.4(25)
= 10 + 10
= RM20.00
1. (a) I: 30x + 30y < 540
3x + 3y < 54
II: 40x + 30y > 480
4x + 3y > 48
III:
x

y
>
1

2
2x > y
(b)
0
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
2
x
2x + y = 2
y = 2x
4x + 3y = 48
3x + 3y = 54
y
R
2 6 4 8 10 12 14 16 18
(c) (i) Maximum number of cake A produced is
8
(ii) Prot = 2x + y
Minimum prot = 2(5) + 10
= RM20.00
3
2. (a) x + y > 100, y < 2x, y + 3x < 240
(b)
0
40
60
80
100
20
x
120x + 140y = 1680
y = 2x
x + y = 100
y + 3x = 240
y
R
20 60 40 80 100
(c) (i) When y = 45, the maximum value of x = 65
and the minimum value of x = 55
(ii) Charges = 120x + 140y
The maximum charges paid
= 120(48) + 140(96)
= RM19 200
3. (a) x + y < 80, x < 3y, x y < 10
(b)
0
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
10
x
40x + 20y = 400
x = 3y
x + y = 80 x y = 10
y
R
10
30 20 40 50 60 70 80
(c) (i) If the number of students for subject
P is 20, then the range for subject C is
10 < y < 60.
(ii) Fees = 40x + 20y
The maximum total fees per month
= 40(45) + 20(35)
= 1800 + 700
= RM2500
4. (a) x + y < 30, x > 2y, 40x + 50y < 1000
(b)
0
10
15
20
25
30
5
x
40x + 50y = 1000
x = 2y
x + y = 30
y
R
5
15 10 20 25 30
(c) When Mr Tan buys 5 basketballs, the maximum
amount for volleyballs is 18.
The minimum amount of money left
= 1000 [40 18 + 50 5]
= RM30
1. (a) x < 80, y < 60, x + y . 30
4
(b)
0
20
40
30
50
60
10
x
20x + 10y = 200
y = 60
x = 80
5x + 2y = 100
x + y = 30
y
R
30 20 10 50 40 60 70 80
(c) (i) Cost for a piece of alloy = 20x + 10y
The minimum cost of production
= 20(1) + 10(30)
= RM320
(ii) Prot = 5x + 2y
Maximum prot = 5(80) + 2(60)
= RM520
2. (a) x > 45, y . 40, x + y > 90
(b)
0
20
40
30
50
60
70
80
90
10
x
y = 40
x + y = 90
x = 45
y
30 20 10 50 40 60 70 80 90
(c) (i) 50 ways
(ii) 10 ways
3. (a) x + y < 200,

x

y
<
1

8
, that is, 8x < y
100x + 500y > 10 000, that is, x + 5y > 100
(b)
0
100
200
150
50
x
y = 8x
x + y = 200
100x + 50y = 2500
x + 5y = 100
y
R
150 100 50 200
(c) (i) 160 < y < 180
(ii) Prot = 100x + 50y
The maximum prot = 100(22) + 50(178)
= RM11 100