,

""'-
, '-
;\
"'c._.. __ 'ij
-.
-
Lt. Col. F. J. Reichmann
Major H. W. Dobbyn
l!'ORTH.=WEST URICA
December 24, 1942
to
January 15, 1943
... . '".1.:.:~ c j -. ,. Lo-,,";' ...'
, .... ; """""""....... ...........,\
3.Combat I!oading. ,
4. Observation"while on'Transport.
- . .. . .
SECTION II
UPPLIES AND EqUIPMENT
1. For use on Transport.
2. 'For use after Debarking.
3. Additional notes on supply in Morocco.
,SECTI& III
MORALE ACTIVITIES
:1. .on 'fransport.
'2.' Ashore .in North.}.frica.
,SE'l:IONJl'
OBSERVATIONS ON TRAINIliG ANDREPLAClElolENTS
SECTION V
INTELLIGENCE
'.
SECTION VI
111SCELLAilEOUS OBSE3.v:.ATIONS
- i -
UNCLASSIFIED
- ii-
APPENDIX NO.1
Report of Observations Aboard Ship, Enroute, and Debarking. Written December
26, 1942.
Clothing and equipment.
Morale activities aboard Ship.
Sanl tat1 on. '
Admini strativeEquipml!nt needed aboard ship.
APPENDIX NO.2
Report of Observations of Debarking. Written December 31. 1942.
Delays in unloading of TAT
Observations On pac\ting and crating.
-.
APPENDIX '3
, ., ".". .
APPENDIX NO.4
Conferences Staff, 34th Infantry Division. Written
January 9,1943.
Combat 19adlng.
Protection of Rear
Field ranges.
Waier s'.lpply.
Signal. -
cKedical.-_ '-,"
'Hi scellan6llUs.
APPENDIX NO -5
. '
Officers, MedHerranean ]lase Section. Written
UNCLASSIFIED
' .F@lItlJlO.,O
..ot...sWt.u:dia.l.tantG..4.
"wr!tten . ..'
, . Protect1on'Bge.!nat-Aireratt .

Equipll!9l1t.
Amphibiou8 'observations.
APPENDIX NO.7
Notes from Standing Operating Procedure, 1st Infantry Division, "Ship to
Shore Operations."
- iii -
, ED
SE(mON I
. L Gener!>1. loading of It Ship fo.r,movement of ,troops and their,
equipment to a debarkation point can be aocomplf.shed in a'successful manner
only by careful"planning; based on knowledge of the organization ,of the troops,
the use ,'and. chB.raeterisiics of their equipment,' and the 'condi tieRs. under which
the t.roops wUldebarko arid live until theY .. no longer .depend on the ship.
, '(1) 'I'he troop corillnander can obtlOin all ofithe information "equired,
and he is responsible'for,the welfare of his troops and. the aLhis
troops' ahd equipment af"ter debarkation, so he have control ':qr the loading.
:Q. Information given to the troop comml',llder regardi'ng oubage and tonnage
allowances before loading starts, must be correct and. final. This applies
to both personnel and equipment capacities.
2. loading for debarkation at a friendly port. Jl:. Obs\lr-
vations .
(1) It did' il:ot seem important' to the loading the ships
to load TAT :('fo Accompany Troops) equipment on the same ship with the troops.
If this equiPment is on the same convoY they. 'appear satisfied. (With the
convoy scheduled 'to landattWb !ports separate:d by. several hundred miles,
some TAT equipment went 'to the wrong , . " '
(2) , Much TAT equipment wasload:ed before second and third pri ori ty
freight. llarrack bags, field ranges, and officers bed roJ,le, were unloaded
two to five days after arrival because of thl s 9i tuati on.
(3) Officers who "ieual1 zed the si tuation upon debarking were
not permitted to make which would correct faulty loading. They
were told to mind their own business and not interfere,
:Q. Results. '1) Observation after 'debarkation revealed that men,
officers, suppHes. and because of unloading
necessary TAT equipment. some sleet, and cold wet weather were en-
countered. Valuable equipment damaged, Bome supplies destroyed, officers
had no tents 'or bed rolls, 'and necessary,medical supplies were not available.
g. (1) That troop eommanders send an advance party
to plan loading of all ships in a similar manner'to that employed for combat
loading.
(2) That all TAT'equipment be l'oaded, so it' i s available wi thin
48 hours after debarkation.
(3).; ,Tfiat an urgent priority within the TAT equipment be estab-
lished, and' that 'this eqUipment be unloaded so as to be available immediately
to the troops, to inch!!!,,: Ki tchen equipment,' comp'lete, tarpaulins, canvas
covers and administrative' tentage, ,officf:rs bed rolls, and selected medical
supplies.
3. Combat Loading, Observations of Transport Quartermasters, and
others during the ship-to-shore operations of November 8, 1942.
(1) The troop COmmander must have absolute control of loading.
He must have time to plan, train his whole force, and load carefully and
properly.
- 1 -
UNCLASSIFIED
- 2 -
Last minute changes in composition 'of the per'sonnel and equipment must not
be made by higher authority, as readjustments are not. after loading
has started. . . .
:2. Rusults.(1) Many cases of the results of.:faulty are
included in of observers of recent landing operations .
.'0 Recommendations. (1) That at least one experienced TQ}I, who acted
as such during the recrent l,aJ?ding operations, be attaeJ:lea. :to any, task force
which is being prepared to j;ake. part in such an' operation., ; "
(2) That higher authority speciftcally and clearly
troop commander full authority to lo'ad his shipa, and control the .C9mposition
of the personnel, equipnent, and freight to be carried. "..
'. (3) That at least two months trainIng' in com-bat loading, in-
cluding all necessary information and equipment, be made available. .
(4) That a anddetafle:d Standing Operating Procedure be
perfected durlng training. (See Appendix '7.)
'l.. Observations while on Transport. (See Appendix 1.) ll,. Qbservations
made' on ship which carried one artillerybattalion, one medical battalion,
and 50S personnel from.New York to Casablanca.
:ll.. Exchange Service. '
.(1) ,Very unsatisfactory.
(2) Opened after third cla on ship' .
.(3) Open a :\'ew hoUrs each day.
(4) Tax free.cigarettes sold for $1.00 per carton to troops, 60
to ships crew. Other in proportion. All men in the service know this
is an excessive charge, and they'feel that they are being imposed upon.
Their justifiable indignation inclUdes all higher echelons having the power
and the obligation of preventing such treatment
.. Fire and abandon ship drills were poorly planned and not effective.
(1) The three alarms "alert," "fire," and "abandon ship" were
confusing..
(2) The signals were. changed almost daily by verbal orders. They
did not conform with posted written 1ns:iructions. .. .. '.
(3) LQcations. of.some units on deck changed several times. Some
units not know where to report'the''sixth cla out.
, (4) Life boats n6teqUlpPed. Water casks not filled. This work
started the fourth day, not c'ompleted upon arrival at C!!-sabianoa.
(5) Instruction to' troops indefiniteo Exa.m.ple: "Steel helmets
will be worn day: ."Chin straps of steel helmets will
be leftunfastened.. Two dAys later: "Chin straps of .s,teel helmet'S may be
fastened, but. ;be,'rlilleas'ed before jumping overboard." Results of tho
above instructi.ons;, .. T,he .que,s,il,oiling of ileveral: men regarding what they would
do, in case the brought tor,th the startl1ng1nformati on
that to UJi:(astenthe1r' chin straps and',j)lll1p overboard..
Mess. (!) Wellorgariized and well i1onducte4..' ,., .. ;
(2) two very good meals per day.....adeqUate. 'ie believe that
itwould have been very meal' on thiB ship. as the
k1.tchen and dining room would bvebeen'ili'cbntlnuous use, allowing no time
for police and reorganiZation.
UNCLASSIFIED
e, Q)larters, (1) Canvaa and steel bunks arranged four to a tier, with
passageways averaging 16 inches. lIlxample: One average room containing 112
men measured 35 feet by 35 teet, with an efoot oeillDg.
.' ,(2) Ee.cll man, ha!ieiit18 "A" barrack bag with him, and his fi eld
equipinent. Large consume !lolr space.
to the time necessary to clear lower decks, and to the discomfort
of the quarters,'
1.. Debarking.,(1) Time lIcl:ledule'foI' ,debarking did not'provide for
in passageways, so troops crowded into them for hours. Large barrack
bags, sQme'too heavy "bllcarr1ed, added to 'he congestion.' , '
:.': :, i,. Recommendation,,, (1) That ship exchanges be placed under J:'ega-
'lati,!Os ei;milar fol" exchanges'at,posts;:,camps, ,and atatiol'itl.".. 'c..
, . (2) That ship alarm systems, and instructions regarding abandon
ship be standardized. . .,.. .,.
(3) That the equipment'carried'by the soldier, including his
"A" barrack bag, be defined. The c.ol!t.ents':should be reduced, so that he may
use the bag as a pillow.
SECTION II
S\JPPLIES AND EQ,UIPJ.mNT
;-:J. ,lfor use on transport. (See' Appendix 1.) The men need two
blatikets, overcoat, arms,s,teel helm'Bt, 3 paiTBSOX" two suits, wool under-
saLt water and one months supply of razor blades, toilet articles,
'and towels. Bef.ore each man.sliould'obtai'n three.rations,
C or K, ammunition,and....,)'Pf)Qk;!lt" ,supply. of tOil:etpaper. '
,.(1) One..or :t1f!O, "'qite handkerch1",fs'should be required. They may
b. used to mark guards,", ','' ..
11: Officers need b!ld rolls after debarking.
Q. Admini str",UVB: t '
,,(1) Company or separate detachmenU
,Service.r9oor48" .
Duty'Roster.i: ';.i:
Sick book; plus::fbrms'58'.
Morning'Rellolft. .
.Paper,"ink,'ink';,eradicator.
(2) Battalion: , : t .
One typewriter. portable.
Supply:' of :and.,'carbon. paperi,
'Army,regtl1lations needed for administration, to include ,those
c6urh"inartial'tiiid trAfel,if '
r'equir'iid:'.:r.n- 'Planned if6rt.' .
.( ,: :,;'." .,'. :T " :, '..' .,'
Same as for the battalion.
Neoe'S'sa't;f!e:i:'ira 'forms; : '. "
One Grt 'ea;;Ji' d';s;irableY.
.Jauti On! 'D'Qll i.ci.Jii. Jiei.ftC:<i:l'ecordsji:JhiIlA.S,ome'l1li ts
d.id; they'hav;.;,'h"illi'waYt1ifi\lii.,'e:morlthk''idf 'theIii': " ' ' ,
F!ED
UNCLASSIFIED
- 4 -
2. For 'use immediatelY after debarking. (See4ppend1.x 2.) .!!:. Cere
should bs exero1sed to make lI1U'e that the f'ollowill8,.eqw,p'psnt.can and will
be unloaded while the troops are debarking: equipment'i all tarpalilins
and administrative officer. neoessary medical supplies;
. . ..
3. Additional notes on !!)ApPly in Morocco .(1) Wood and lumber are
extremely scarcs. Ityou will latrine
boxes, or other items made o(Yood,''bring .01' plan:.to'make them
from old boxes ilndcratea. .'... .", i.' . ,... ' "." ....
(2) Cloth and as011c1oth. pUo'tUm,etc.,
cannot be purchased. '. i:. . '.' ,:., ., . ...,. .
(3) Whitsgasia'not:available, so'bring all the extra spare
parts you can for your stoves. CleantngthelD t.lu'ee,times daily at least
doubles the spare parts neeci8d. One division reports forty per cent of their
field ranges not in operatiOn after si% weeks in the field.
(4) Eye ganes'and artificial teeth cannot be obtained. See
that every individual has .twope.1r of issue glasses, and that miBBing teeth
are replaced.' '. ' '.
(5) llath units belong at the tront, and that is where they ere.
A tew it.e.\llIi of pipe and otherii ttirigs will help.
. . '.)/P (G)'llring agenerous supply of cleaning solvent, laundry 1I0ap.
gun patchea, and oil. Smalr2,t8ms'are difficult to get. '
l7) Bring protect ycmr equiPDellt and supplies.
A tell' extra shelter halves 1n .charge ot company aupply sergeant is
indicated. .,
(8) Latrine sests, light, durable, andtlyproof, will assist in
health
(9) lbnot depend on obtaining tentage or other equipment after
you reach your destination. Bring what you need.
(10) Bring a one month .. Qt yeast tor sanitaryuse.
(n) Guard your supplies and eCillipment at all times. Double your
guard if Arab peddlers are numerous
. SECTION III
MORALE ACTIVlTIES
1. On Transport . !lttect1ve morale, builder on. a Tranapor.t
is provided 'by oaretul. planning tQl' the safety ot the journey, and pOlli the,
accurate, andconfideM.leadershill; The f6:l1owtne; are'a tow pertinent
suggestionsl .. _,.,.,.. '. . . '..,.
(1),. .. 'provided'for'the col'lvoy. . ..
'" (at the arJlllllilent cit the ship, the,lookouts, and the
_ '. "
./ ,;'" .. .. ... . See that
,. "",,
UNCLASSIFIED
S)lF\ ED
. U)SeetllAti:il'bOate ana'J"atts are tor'lise. "Jl:a""iI CrWs
delllgnated for thrOwiD&J.U"e rafts overboard,aC.tual.l.untie them. See that
the;y knOw wheJ;"e their orders are to come'from, liild by Yhat"8!eana;,;
(5) Enforce ,the "no light" rule rigld.l;y and effectlvel.;y.
" '(6), Have .allandon drills dally everyone h 'convinced
the;y'are undercompstent leaq,ers who know what the;y' . .are doillg;:' -,:'.,' '.
'J!. Exohe,nge ,(1) Exchange servlcEJ me;r be proddedby:the
..c;In:,anYcase itsb,oUld .be possible to articles for about the
. .-as at your,desUns.ti on. Tax i'l;ee.cigarettes are 61 pe:rpackage
il). 'EU.rDpe ,and Afri ca.; : .''" .. "'':
, '."(2) Tbe exc,hange'should have a stock'6f)the popular ,cSgarettes,
Qandy.bara, 'cookies, lighter'fluid, nuts, cigars, tobacco, salt water soap,
ink:; ,p9l).c11s, playillg cards, and stationer;y. ' ,.
" . ." (3) The exchange should be opsn at,least sixhours ,ever.y dIl.
'(4) A:D.;y ,attempt 1\0 sell merchandise at a ,lower 'price',to the,crew
than the troops should bs'corrected,at once.': This practice,causes the
men to lose contU.lince .in theil'.officers. ;,;, i :, <.
.Entertainment. (;I.).On, boardahiparurthillg:,is enter.tainJnent thai)
passe's the Ume. i'n a pleasant '
" '. (1) .16mm. movies- can be shown :in :several, sp,ots on most ehips.
lliieritraining films will be.welcome.
. .. (2).A dB.il;y news bulletin, printed or mimeographed, can be,pUb-
lishedl1you bring'the paper, and appoint two or three reporters. Schools
in the languae of your destinaJ;ion,.",Hl be p.opul!l-l'. Mimeographed lessons
!llld books should be prov.1ded ;QefoJ;'e and chalk mAy
not b'e available unless.YOll,briDg them aboard. . . ", .
Jl. ,A. few ,lectures on.the cuatems"h1sto17, and geograph;y
of yabr. delltinatton provided. " "
Schoolil in tlie identification of aircrf.ft C!Ul be conducted with
",,'..
',' ;!! Cards and small gameB be proTide.d,by SpscialService. '
, ' ..'g.. , Org!lllized singfes til are popular evenings.;;SOIlg .books,'orllltmeo-
graphed.:s,ong!! are .,' . , .",.,. .. ,
,,,!!; .'J)arber service.- (1) .Plan to provide barbers, for bair-
cu!s 01).11: at prices the are accustomed to. ,,'
1;. Personal cleanl'-ne!ll!. (1) Providefor baths2!Ild washing'of clothes.
11'1th'al:\. PQrthole's.closed at'night the requiremellts'of a bath
da,y, and the prompt washing of Boiled sox and underwear, becomes a morale as
well as a sani tary ,ShaviligahoUlli"bii'reqji.llled.
2. Ashore in North Africa. 4-ehange 1n our habits is necessary;
in most areas, even in the cities, blackout and early curfew curbs evening
entertainment. Most units provide for some relazationby giving all da,y
passes to f4, of the men each da,y. A full training program, with a III8ld.mum
of pb;ysical exertion; 1,s necessary every da,y.
,b. 1!adio..!DUBic and neva'moadCll,llts:areavalla.'ble
.':g., :8.1\ fa hobby- is,dtffi,dItlt 'lSecauae f1lm&' are riot available,
and deve.l.op1ngservice ,isVf1r,unreliable.
- 5 -
u FI ED
UNCLASSIFIED
- 6 -
:tQ.l personnel should be encouraged to bring musical
Special Service' and Exchange Officers have not been able to
obtain suPPlies ,and e'l.uipment. Their problems' must be met, at present, by
wllattheybring with,them;
SECTION IV
ObsGrvations on Training and
,
Replacements
,! :L. Training. ij,. The Sub-Task Force. All elements which are'
de,stined: to.:operate as a unit in combat must be trained as a ,uni t. This
prii{Ci:QlEj';itasbeen demonstrated in all landing operations in Africa through
the numerous violations of it. Interrogator'teams'
data.ehments were not used to advantage because they dl,d not ".
in'the team, and because ,troop commanders'bad little,
lI,r no'o'ppQrtJmity to,learn their proper use. Shore parties and boat crews
mUsb!earn to know the units they Will aarve and their e'l.uipment. Medical
upits'to be attached to divisions must train with them.
, ., ]i.' Individual Training. Every officer and man should learn how
..1<0, :t'ield'strip a machine gun,and should fire'a few rounds. It is essential
man be confident that,be can, in an emergency, fire the .50
,'calibre machine gun, using tracer ammunition. includes artillery;
,'signal'; 'l.uartermaster, ?nd head'l.uarters persf)nnel.
, c. Every man should'learn how to care for his weapon
,under adverse condit:C.1S, Reshould practice c:L,el\ing his weapon of sand
a.nd"dirt, keeping it i,, ::,l'i:ng cOndition. A compUation of quick methods
should be published. ',(J,g. flush.tng chamber Os' rifle wi th,water to
washlout sand.) Knowledg'.J: of the care of all '"eapons Within the company
shoUld,be given to all personnel. This'training should include demonstra-
tions, The dPmonstrations should, be followed by testa on the firing range.
It 1s'1rilggested that the weapo" be placed water thrown on the
wea.pon while firing, sand and, mild thr'own on the weapon during firing, and
the soldier required to continue or resumefiring. The objective is to
con'i-'l.iice'the soldler thathe can ciear his weapon under any tions.
so 1n combat.
, " (1) All pel'Bonnalshould be thoroughly instructed in 'the uses
ana the limitations of the weapons in their'tactical units. Then' we will
'have men trying to engage in a fire fight sub-machine guns
against an enemy armea. wlth,l'ifles. '
. ,,' (a) Al.l personnel should''be conf,1den,t that they can use the sub-
machine gun effectively'at clOse range. 'They experience firing it
at night. against agains-i dim flalihesiof light. and sil-
houettes. .'.. .. I ' '.'
'. 11_ ,"
(3)Me:rching marksmanslidp: to receive priority
in- training. . . . -.: ' . ' ' _ " ,I' c "
,g,. All parsollnel,abould be given'a8 much expeI'ience as. posBible und.er
fire. '!!hey should learn,,to identify'ths dlrection of flre from the sound
of projectiles passing overhead. 'Ths !iringofany SJ1d:all types of
UNCLASSIFIED
weapons should be utilized io thiB exper1ence.
. I " ...
All personnel should be given 'as muCh experience as possible in
11Ying wUh a m1n:bnim of'eqtrlpnent and clothing. In thiB connection the
u!ie cif two bl!.l'rac:.k bais ssemstobeUnnecssllary. Field exerciBee of less
than' one month duration should be completed with clothing and eqUipment
in the pack. Soldiers \lhould be required to.'wash- their own
clothing, including wool shirts and trousers, during this' period.
, 1.' All cqmliattra1n1hg:should'be done in f!eid equipnent that would
be assumedcondit1ons', including wearing of the steel
helmet. ' ,, " '
g., Anyrlolition of security for the lndi vi dual not a,calculated risk
the mission in the time required should receive
attenHone 'tlie cri ti"qlie. Babi tualviolators should receive punishment
involTirig 1!h"p.J?PrQciable loss of'p8;'aridcommanders not exercising this
traini'ng shouldbe removed, as lives will be'saved and combat
effi01ency;i:ncr"la...ed,by'BO dobtl. .... ,
, !l."Ship,'to shore'eraining. Cl} Drivel'S should receive special
training in driving through-.B'Q,l'f and deep .'
" :(2) ,Similar maps and. air photos should. be pl'ovtded for instruc-
tion and stud. (nbaing as,sumed that actual locations'cannot be revealed).
(3) lriterrogato:r:s:and l'nterpl'eter,I!ehould be assigned to lower
units at on<;l month before embarkation (several lang'Uages attached
if'necessary,j;opreeerve sec;-aoy).
,',: should include:landings ,on various types of beaches.
"Scrambled" la.n:dingsshould be l'rac'ticed. '. ,
, :,(5) with special equipment and limited transportation
must be inte.n,se .
(S)' .Similar, map,coordinate codes, and other codes, must be used
in the training,.'; .. " ,
" ,,(7)Inten'&1f;y. training in'communicati'onsand message writing.
shoWd be'adopted ind practiced.
,. " . (8)',!rQi!!.s wstbe_selected'earlvand trained thoroughly.
(9). ,Include .ili'
'Preparati on Of -emliark pl'apared
f,or'participation,on combat.
clear'beaches promptly.
Trat'n in'debarkatioiby use ofcl!.l'go nets
and platforms; ,'i .
(10),; :t::9ndue-!>,,training in "the remo-\tal o{:water obstacles, de-
contamination of gassed' assault operations agaInst permanent beach
defenses, and construction of hasty roads. '
(11) Seiected artillery officers to train as naval gunfire spotters.
(12) Troop schools to emphasize instruction in FM 31-5.
2. Replacements. The best replacemento are usually obtained
before going to the Staging Area.
Check basic training, and see that every replacement, including
officers, have fired, and can care for, their weapons.
. Secure replacements early as possible.
- 7 -
METTTrl
lJNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
- 8 -
SECTION.V
,'. INTELLIGENCB
1. CC!UI!terintelligE!l\ce. .!. Censorship." (1) Plans for effecthe
censorship must be.basell. on the educat1ono1'.tilpersonnel and gulclt and
effective quarantine of Violators.Tho leolaUon of violators for the..
of tl).e the; consist of e.bso1uts deJ:l.ial
of the use of 8.11 meane of COIIIIIIWiication to. These persons
ce.nnot bo trusted to tre.naact Offici8.l busine".wta1de of the un1t.
(Z) The "cure" of those afflicted wit1icensorship violatIon .
must include prompt diBqipltnary action, to include e.ppreci able loss of pay.
The of,the counter-subverBive agenoies must be con-
tinued, with verb8.1 reporb.rllplaCing 8Jl sYs.tsm that ce.nnot be contiuued
on account of changes.of:lOcation. ,Linguists. must,be incorporated into all
counterintellige/loe e.cUTl ties',. ,
. ,. '. ; . . {,',: ,: -- '"'.
Z. , Interrojra.'tlon! y&; "'1'he. .enior; cer of inter-
rogator teams st\OIlld.bllia:b;1i8.Ched to'the'G--2'- '.". .,.
Seek 'to have'at'l.ltt,tliirtyda;ili'\raining With
1
.
..
.

.ll. ehOUl1i havetranep'oJ<te.Uon'oi '
j. Do not expect interpreters to be attached. Develop your own.
.. .' ;:- . . " .. ! .
3. ahoUld receive intensive training in
camouflage The markil'l8of distri-
bution of camouflage1 equ,i:P1J!!m,t,.'lIIidthe elimination of 8.11 reflecting sur-
faces are of to'all Intelligence. A few of the
difficult problelliB,.a.r.iit .. ,.'" .." ,,"",' , " - , .,,' ". '
.!. Windshields, ,heeA food
containers, and vehIOle. and hOOds. ...,
R.. Camouflage'nt!t,6"for meCH.eal: Inste.1lat:liln".
Camouflage aroUnd
A. "The,m1atakeil'.of 1llliliirl1-hlrs' are being repeated on the be. ttlefield."
TN Iilo. 4,Allie'd! 1942.
'. '-.\, . ,- ;. ."' . -.' .'
4. Special 'operations 'may!require of Bpeclal uni tB
for . req:r.e- ce.refu:!:ly selected
personnel'fmd'special'equipment.' Their .hould be a part of
the' advance planning for the operation contemplated.
.. -" .- - .
'. .,', >
UNCLASSIFIED
I{\SSIFIED
8.' .All J)6raonnel .hould in the 8earchill8 of
prllonera for J!l!!! aM.doCUlllents.
'SECTION n,
Miscellaneous Observations
1. Administration. Keep service records up to date, and keep
them with the men. They beloll8 in the company field desk, but ifa platoon
is detached, or on another ship, send the servioe reoords aloll8.
J!. When a unit, a combat team, a regiment, or a battalion, is detached,
be eure that records, transportation, and personnel, are attached to it,
so it can supply itself, administer itself, and function as well as itit
were within support distance of the division.
c. Staffs should be prepared to divide into at least two functionill8
staffs on short notioe.
,9,. Stop the automatic "buckill8" of requests for reports, and adminis-
trative details to the next lower unit.
2. M[scellaneoul suggestions regeiyed from various sources regarding
landing operations. These are based on experience of ACWI landings in
North Africa. -
.!l:' Battle casualty reports difficu.:!-t to get in time to be of value.
The administrative personnel niust be imprSsslld. with 'the,importance of prompt
reports. ,
11. There is a need fa;a field bag, or' some similar container, with
a wide shoulder strap for carrying grenades.
,g. G-2 should handle missions direct with Signal :Radio Intelligence
units.
,9,. Medical units should arrive at the beach early, and be equipped
wi tional equi.llment. Battalion,and regimental
medi'cli,l eeta:lDUst ,gea'lglllen1;ed byaddi tional blanket." l1tters, and'splints.
,:. : 'l,'W.,er;iqloBUre 'qui ckly on eaehDeach.'
. i needed!Witheach Bub-task force.
,; g. ot'the'enemy must be reported promptly, and distributed
tolower unit"at frequent intervals.
!l. Mlln making,.the assault should carry the absolute minimum of equiP"'
ment.'
; .' .;,(''r
1. Interrogator teams must have transportation
. j.
i. AIIimuni tion shOUld'be-.packaged -so not more than two men can handle.
1. Control,of communications should be simple Within eohelons, and
properly controlled. '
m. Do not place'a CP on a ship having a combat mission.
Maps: Try to get 1/50,000 maps, and'town plans of towns included
in your miSSion.
,&. Plans for administration of captured territory should be made in
advance,
- 9 -
n pp,
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
-10-
(1) Trained administrators.
(a) Curfew
.(3) Price control.
(4) ll.e.te.oi exchange, CIj.IT,enCf'
(5) :Billets.
(6) 'Security. ,.
(7) ,of utUitiee. .'
periloJ,lnel that handlee it.
and. its driver on 8ame aliip.
(a) Gun orews on' a&me &hip with gun.
/:)./.
SJ _J
F.j.Reichrnahri,

UNCLASSIFIED
1. This report is observations and experiences in
boarding the ship, the a.es't1nation. an<l.thltdebUkation.
It assumes debarking'at a ,,'",It.,, ,,' ,
2. Clothiug and Equ!pment of the individual soldier. '
.a.. AssumptionSl, That,wool:clothing only is to be issued; that
'barraekbag]'ls'available 48 hours after landing; that space
in quarters' is',very limited.' '"
:. Plan One. ' l'Iace"'A" "barrack bag inside (in the top) of liB"
and in the HOLD.
To worn by the soldier:
Pack carrier,haversack, straps and pistol or rifle
belt, ;complete as
Mess equipment, canteen, as issued.
Arms as issued.
Shelter half, pole, pins, rope.
Two (2) blankets.
Shaving kit complete with one months supply of solq)
and blades.
Toilet kit complete withone months supply of soap
and cleanser.
Two'(2) tow&ls, hand or small,pa.th.
One (1) bar salt water soap.
Garrisononp (overseas cap).
One (1.) suit wool underwear. '
Two {2') ad.lU.tional suits underwear (type dependent
on season).-
Three'pair socks.
at
Raincoat'.
OverQ:Oat (seasonal option)., ,
Suit:working (one pi ece preferred)
Field'Jacket.
One 1?air trousers, wool.
Two (2) shirts, wool. "
One (1) pair shoes, service, a-I condition.
One pair shoe laces, extra.
CIte pair goggles.
One, pair gloves, leather.
One necktie:'
One steel helmet, complete.
Compass, pocket or lensatic as issued.
Field glasses, as issued.
Two pair glasses. if. needed, one fo,r wear with gas
mask.
One pair leggings.
,One,head net.
Gloves. mosquito, ifissued.
- I -
UNCLASSIFIED
_ 2 -
Gas mask. complete with carrier and two covers.
protective.
Protective ointment MI.
Cleaning'and preserving materials and equipment.
(Nor.E: One set per squad is sufficient. To include
complete cleaning and preserving kit for arms
as issued. including supply of gun
patches and oil. Also two bars GI laundry
soap. dubbin. saddle soap. sponge, rope for
clothes line. and castile or white soap for
cleaning web equipment). ,
(2) "An barr/lCk bag. (To be placed in the top of the "B" bag.
Protective clothing. complete as issued.
(NOT'SI This was issued at P of E but, is quite heavy
and carries a very strong odor. Recommend
that ifdebarkation is at a friendly port
that this be requisitioned inproper sizes
and issued at debarkation port. having been
transported boxed as organizational property)
Impreglli te, shoe. MJ..
One (1) blanket.
One (1)' bedsack cir'mattress cover.
Gloves. knit, wool.
Extra underwear and sox. one (1) each.
One (1) pair trousers. wool.
Sandfly net032 mesh.
One '(1) ,month's supply razor blades. shaving soap.
tooth past'e. hand'soap, etc.
One (1) towel.' '
Dust respirato'r. '
Individual cleaning and preserving equipment.
(3) "B" barrack,bag.
Rest of,wool uniforms. including uniform,
items given above not in season.
Galoshes (tf issued). '
Extra shoes.
Extra leggings (ifany).. '
Coat.. service.
,One (1) month's supply of razor billdes. shaving soap.
tooth,paste; hand soap etc.
OnGl, (l)oonth',s"siqJply (ifused)
, Ext ra {ifany)
Extra fatigues (ifimy)
Othel:' clothing or equipment as issued.
;. Plan Two. :"A".,barra.ck bag to, be carried and placed in
quart.ers'with'Men on board. ship.::
(1) "A" barrack bag! "
Same as 1l!;Pa.:I:'agrapl1'2 Jl. (2) abovrexcept place the
items in ItS" bag,1iuitead o:f in "An bag.
'lIlaralte\. ,,' ," "
One (1 bedsack or mattress cover.
One (1 month's supply razor hand soap.
cleanser. etc.
One (1) pair wool trousers.
Protective clothiD$. complete.
Individual eleaninp: and preser'"\/': eouinml'mt.
IINCI
\ E 110. 1 Contd)
UN
ll.emal-Ir:B
(l) It'e obllervedJrieJly>:ftA" and "E"
to .cirsgthem.
was a> Ber10uu)bllh",le toe\libarklng .and d1tllJlltld.J:lg
i.n regard to the II",!! b8:, SOllIe aold1ei'8 Garried over
one.. 1i,ar 'a.supp17 ot; 'razor $0IlIe' ,oWlled
groteaque supplies of ctga.ret1lell,,and candy. - ,
(2) On' our ship there was no space fort he "Aft bag, except
a the bunks with the men.. Therefore. the nAn b.8must
be kept small ifcarried aboard. Inone particular
room enlisted men were quartered Inthere were
112 men in'fourtierbunks, the 'SiZEl'of the room being
35 by 25 feet with an 8 footceiling.
(3) One "K". ration and 2/3 "C" ration were issued to troops
prior to debarking.
(4) Ammunition issued to troops prior to debarking:
20 rounds.
Each sub-machine gun,'60 rounds.
Each rifIe, Hio rounds.
(5) .Canteens should be filled prior,todebarking,
3. Off10ers clothing and 'equipment
.>\. C'o be worn carried aboard .ship:
All field equipment. less bed roll. (Canteen full).
8t eel helmet;
One pair l,eggings.
Coat. service.
Field Jacket.
Raincoat Cor trencj:J. coat). '
Two (2) cotton,,-Shirts.
Two (2).wiiol shirts. .
Two (2) wool trousers. (o:n. shade).
One (1) wool trousers. light shade (optional).
Cap ,serv.ice{overseas)
Three su.tts underwear (at least one wool)'.
SixpaJrsocks.
,One pail' shoes, -service (inA..l condition).
One pair shoes, dress (opt ional). .
Two (2)covere. protective, (in gas mask carrier).
One gas mask, complete.
Two (2) pairpajamas_
One flashlight with- extra bulbs and batteries.
One month's" supplytoilet articles.
One bar salt'water soap.
Extra shoe laces.
Extra pair glasses, (ifneeded), gas mask type.
Sun glasseQ(optional).
Impregnated clothing (recommend it be shipped as company
property ifissued).
- 3 -
-e UpussaL
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
- 4 -
Two towels (small bath or hand). (Wash cloths for
taking sponge baths aboard. ship are desirable. Ba.th .
towels (one each week) .were fUrnished aboard our ship).
Ammunition and emergency rations must be. oarried after
issue aboard ship. (See par 2. (5). '
Brief case (when desirable)
.Q. Red Roll.
COinplete with shelter tent. pins. poles. rope; wash
basin. extra towels. blankets. sand fly net.032
mesh. Under present conditions of.loading,
mq expect to wait from three to six days
before r'eceiving their bed rolls upon debarking. .This
is a fault that should be corrected at the embarkation
po'int. Since supervision of loading by the commander
of troops is not permitted. this must be corrected by
higher authority). '
Foot looker. .
Extra wOol clothing.so.x, handkerchiefs, underWear. etc.
One ext.I'a. set insignias (or in bed roU)
One extrapadlock. .(We found TJJB:tJY locks on foot lockers
had been broken in transit).
(NOTl: !'oot.lockers 'be &.Vailable in from three
to six days after debarkinb under present conditions)
It is recommended that the foot locker be taken
to Africa. .
(NOTE: The foot locker should be small. and water-
proofed with or varnish. Adistinctive
stripe for battaiion or similar unit will
aid in identification. All stenciling. except
name and serial n1lJlloer should be with gasoline
.solvent paint to permit removal.)
4. Activit1es on Board Ship
.!!:. Very limit.ed.
l<. Exchange service.
(1) Not .open first three days and after opening. the hours
were 'coinparatively short and units were put on a
schedule basis whereby they could make pur9hases every
. '"
third day only. "'he exchange for officers was kept
open only ,two (2) 'hours per de::! from 1200 to 1400. We
estimate.that there were about 600 officers. warrant
officers. and nurses aboard ship. ,
(2)' StJmdard bra.nd c;igarettell were sold.at $1.00a carton.
These 9,i&arettel! WSrEt,tp made was
builder.
(3) .
(4)'
(6) .

UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
(APP!aiDIX NO. 1 Contd)
(6) '.. ,everT dqon
bo+al'd. sJU,p_./:" ---:,.. ;,.,'- --!-. 1!,::
.!l..
Schools. -:."."'....... . ....'.' ....
(1) aha
Aia'b.iCn:'.fi@cti'"Ifiit'!-.nt'tni.i'co".'edti.on.'......-'- ... O.f'fierB
Q . ...,,'P.. , ., .})Xl., ,'. C
, .,'boJigi;I;
.. "York'. ,'J1iiey'areworthlEiSB here
the G-,2 section is fam1:).1ar ana. J.lorrooan
AraDic); '. ' . .',' . ..... .
(2) Schoois'on identification of' aircraft collld:be conducted
with profit., '
(3) A few well'chos'en lectures on the customs, history, and
ge9graphy of the,country to be visited should be prepared.
(4).. n'ewspaper.
A daily.news.bulletinwa's pubiished to' til'e officers,
after the fifth dBlf out. One issue.of a ship newspaper
was publ'ished. A l1nottPe and printing press
were available.but used very little. One linoty:pe'
operator and two reporters on each ship could print a
,small paper every other dBlf. Thispaper could contain
the"rad10 news, pertinent shipboard news,' and a French
.and Arabic lesson'section. A good mime'ographed paper
would be better than n'othing.

Entertainment.'
(1) two shews which were well received. Only
a few musical 'instruments were available, These ship
were not used as much as they could have
been;"More planning co
ll
1dhave made the trip shorter
and"preyent frictioiJ. wit;"in the units.
(2) lio lIlayS-es were shown. 'Even16mm training films would
havil"been WillI received for their diversion value.
(3) but not in the
q)laht#y . . ,.. , . .'
(4) Organlz\'o'd'.eingfests .,ete very' popular. 'Pyped sheets
conta:iningthewords o'f popular songs would be very
at these singfests.
. "', .' ..
5. Sanitation.
S!. Water. "
(1) Aft:er the third dBlf the amount,of fresh water available
was_Ilbout one canteen per man,per day, exclusive of mess
Warm salt water wae available in some of
the officer's quarters, but in a small percentage of
them only. At least one salt water hot bath every third
dii'shOuld. be'required of allpersonnel.
(2) The hax.dl;l.ng of food and of mess gear WM very
snt 1sflictol7'. .
(3) . 1.11 personnel D!ust debark with full.ca.l'lteens.
of the ship was difficult
(1) Daily'inspection by senior medical officer
assisted by several field officers, with a daily re-
port to the ship commander is recommended. This
report should fix the responsibility for any defects
noted.
- 5-
UNCLASSIFIED
- 6 -
..
Barber service.
(1) Three chairs Were available. Barbers completed about
twelve haircuts per'hour at 50 cents each. 'To do this
they use clippers almost exclusively. (The, use of'
electric clippers was a surprise as the radio waves
generated are said to be more intense than those prq-
duced b7 an electric razor). .', .
(2) It is recommended that unit barbers be pre9ared to
out hair on.board I1hip. .
'.
6 .Mmini8tl'ative Equijment needed aboard ship.
Company, battery, or separate detachment.
(1) Carry aboard ship ..
. Service re<:lOrds
.Duty roster
Sick book plus forms 58
report
Paper. iJilt. ink eradicator
(2) Ship as cOBlpjUlY property
<One set each of regulations. field manuals.
"Special orders.and current records' (not to exceed
>one year). _' . '.
Typewriter, field deski etc; as issued.
(3) Surplus be in Depot at
staging area.
.Jl. Battalion
(1) Car1'1 aboard ship
One typewriter, po.table.
Supply of paper and carbon paper
regUlations needed for administration, to include
those pertaining to courts martial and travel by water.
Field manuals reCJ.uiredfor planned instruction aboard
ship.' .;...
(2) Ship as headquarters property.
regw,ations. field manuals. special orders. and
current records not.to exoeed one year.
Field desk,. etc. as issued,
(3) Store in Depotett :staging area balance
of.re<:lords not needed.
.. .
(1) Same as Battalion.
(2) )!Iecessaryextra forms
(3) One m1,meograph machinl:\" (one on each ship 1s desirable).
(4) Extra supply ofpaper and ink.
, .-;' " " . , . .. .... . "
;<!I'(.. for

1;.: .. ....':;;. ,;;;o: .. ll. the moat
'.1U:cfftieC!l"II'lItat Eil"o"oili1i;"'Ot'!tCers were .
the.basiB of six to' a stateroom that
... aceomedate two, so for ,
ted. . '". " . .
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
(APHlllDIX NO. 1 Contd)
7 RelDIIl'lt8
.11.. A sack lunch 1II8S issued upon debarking.
Jl.. Ship regulations regarding the alert signal, fire alarm, air
raid alarm, and the abandon ship alarm were confusing. Orders
posted did not conform to verbal instructions. Abandon ship
stations were changed en route. It is recommended that'
commanders reach a definite understanding with the authorities
in charge as early as possible, and that the men be instructed
regarding .mat to expect and what to do in a:IJ:f emergency. On
this particular ship the instructions and the practice drills
were of little value.
- 7 -

APl'llNDIX.)tO. 2
.1. Information gained 'by inspection of the 78thl'!llattalion, 2nd
Armored Division, by conference 'Idth ifeynard,and Hajor :arady
of that organization. All statements are based'on actUal observation
and questioning several officers and non-commissioned officers for
verification. -
Effect of order of unloading of kitchens.
(1) Troops debarked with one sack lunch, oneK ration, and
2/3 Cration about 4:00 P.M. 24 December
(2) Fielc:. ranges received in bhouac area late night of 26-
27 December. Some field ranges not complete and were
first used for the noon meal 27 December. (French
rolling kitchen borrowed to supplement cooking facilities).
(3) Had five field ranges in use within the battalion on
the fifth day. .
(4) Using motorcycle gasoline. Uo white gas available.
(5) No kitchen fly available until fifth day after debarking.
(S) Observation of unloading revealed that much thirdpriority
equipment was delivered to troops before TAT equipment
was recei'lt.ed. This appeared to be caused by faulty
loading.
(7) Rations delivered when needed and were ample.
ll.. Other TAT equipment_
(I) Officers bed rolls.
Some received night 25-26 December. Balance received
late 26 llecomber,
(2) iledical tentage and supplies received late night of 27-
28 December.
(3) "B" barrack bagll received late night of 27-28 December.
Q. Packing and crating.
(1) Some paek1ngtoo Itghtthoagh lt seemed to be according
to specificat ions.
(a) Knots in boards caused much breakage.
(1i) Some packages too heavy or too long (10-5 gallon
- gasoline oans in one row).
Rough handling caused some stroUb boxes to break
open. Factory packed replacement parts were lost
.fro'mboxes_
(2) Theiilest boxes end crates were 'tilth slieel
bands. They.. held togethor even though handled roughly.
rhe use ofdiagonal bracing on 'crat6sAelped.
Care in the field.' ..
,.
(1) Heavy dew and light rains itlmost-hi"ghtly. with broken
boxes in.open fields. equipment difficult.
Canvas'COVel-S arriving on'1;he'fi1th da;y- caused considerable
expplro.re tlome equipment. .
. .; . '
- I -
UNCLASSIFIED
-2-
... "!ecoimne!ulat.1on
prioriV' within the 'U.'l' be
.::et$&llJ:iahe4, to:lnelude thefollQWill4l:t";-' . .
complete.4:E'rlRiIlte-.pumps,
. '.' :>al1;s, etc. should be eame
with the fi'eld ranges). , ..' .
(Q) canvas covers, and admlritstratlve
tE'::lt!i6ll .
(.... (;i'ro<lrs bed rolls.
l:ecl'searymOO,lcal supplies.
(2) ,Thd be dcine to make sure that TAT Ul!GENT
can be unloaded.while troops
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
,llIPINDIX NO. 3
1. The information herein is bassp. on obse.rvationof various
units of the 9th Infantry and the 2nd
Armored Division. . . .
2. Training facilities.
1!.. Near
(1) Adp.quate for one division,plus other :lOW in the
. Good artillery range. Other adequate
bt.'; lack equipment. Need target frpmes, k.rgets, .and.
target cloth. , .
(2) Dif:l<:ulty in securing lumber in thi.s area very acute
.Q. Heer Po rt I\tanlIey
(1) Adequate for one division less one ihfantry regiment.
equipped. FaiT artillery range but narrow.
Other areas ma;y be made available later . Jlther deficiencies
are same as at Rabat.
.. Training Manuals'. ;..
(1) Concensus of opinion is that each officer should bring
one COpy of tqefield manuals pecu"liar to his branch and
assignment;, .!!'hat each company have 15 copies of each
of the same manuals. to be used 'for inst.ructional
purposes;' that a complete set <if field manuals, army
regulations, and circulars be by battalion,
,regimental, and higher'headquarters ..
(2) That manuals critical to this theatre should be
stocked at some central point inl'ort Africa to be ctis-
trib'J.til.l upon.,equisition. . ..
(3) That the present policy of distributing a few copies to
each divisien.lssatisfactory, paragraph (2)
above iscomplhd with. .. .
3. The lOth Engineer battali-on, 3rd Division W/l.svlsited ..A. conference
with llajor R. L. Earnheart. us the fol.1owing opinions&
2' Engineer letter.Qompanies carry some tools that are amply
supplied to the battalion headquarters company.
(1) Re believe"that all ferriers tools except forge. anvil,
and sledges should be eliminated from TEA of Combat
:Elngineer He has 4 different, types of drill
shanks that he believes collld be 'modified-to two types
.Q. and rakes should be from the enbineer
supplementary These are not used often, and should be
available at an engineer_ dump.
.. The demolition.'set 'needs extra wire for preparing charges.
This set should be carefully checked by personnel famtliar
"ith its use. (In recent operations, new sets were found
to contain dynamite.caps instead of caps for !!'NT).
- I -
on ALII&!
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
- 2 -
i. or three water tank trucks of a 750 gallon capacity
would be useful in a combat engineer battalion, particularly
in places where the water situation is similar to the conditions
at Rabat. They would save a great deal of gns and effort
now being used by divisions in resupplying in 5 gallon
cans.
Q. The 404th Engineer Battalion isnow drilling and operating
wells from 100 to 150 feet deep. This unit is limited by its
supply of casings and pumps.
4. Conference and inspection of modifications of equipment with Lt.
Col. Exton, 78th Field Artillery Battalion, near Rabat.
. aemoved piece from elevating arc of T54 mount (105mm on half
track) to seoure full Col. Exton considers this
averygood weapon. He says it is sufficiently stable at all
ranges with charge 7.
:9,. The follOwing are modifications considered useful:
Extra gascllZls mountect 011 rear of sand -skirt, carriage
motor
50 Cal 1.fG tripod Md pioneer tools mounted on front of
carriage motor M-7 .
Extra aJIlIIlU!tition.l05mm.on carriage motor Mi. :fur
movIng thefire'extinguishers to the rear, the carrying
capacity is increased to 99 rounds.
5. Conference and inspection, 67th Armored Regiment, with Colonel
1. D. 1lhite.
ll.. General obse:'vationsby Col. White:
(1) Units need more laundry soap and cleaning solvent.
(2) Units need white gas to keep'kitchens (field going.
(3) Beli.eves some visible evidence of completion of Ilurchase
of a bond would stimulatesales. It should be possible
to purchase bonds at Army Post Offices. Bond salesmen,
with a smallentertainment IlroGram, would be wort:, "hile.
(4) Valuable equipment is deterioratinb on account of a
lack of tentage.
(5) There shol:.ldllElaTI automatic issue of vehicular Claint.
Gas solve:.n ,;&.int should be incIuded. .
(6) The Grer.o."t, offensive, heliability. It is not as
effec.t.ive LS the fragmentation granade, is ansily spoiled
by FC:-:l.ppir.,;; threads, and is not sufficiently sme to
carry 'in ,.",:,icle s.
(7) For ....Gc.'.,'st aircraft, the .50 Cal. e.mmu.nitionsholl.ld.
all b"...;:mo.". pielclng. with.every fifth round a tracer.
(sf a.et'lChments should have trailers to carry the1r
. "J;.: '.
haY:IJ'one perkitchen.
"
UNCLASSIFIED
t.lNe IFIE.D
." (.APPmmlX liC);30ontd)
. . -: ,'.
(lQ lAbrBl7 of 16mm fib" for reoreation is (l-le.n;y
the necessary pl"oJection equipment) ,
(11) Men complained that outgoing mail 1s'not being delivered
as promptly as incoming mail. This is a poor morale
factor.
:2..
The following are usefUl items observed:
(1) Improvised armor on 1/4 ton reconnaissance car (front
View). Made from discarded armor plate from scout car
by the Reconnaissance Troop.. 2nd Armored Division.
(2) Battery charger mounted on half-track; used to keep
batteri,es. charged for operating radios.
(3) "Gold',1,ie'd.al 'Water Heater" beine; used to heat water for
washingmes's kits. This small heater is said to be
e,xtreIllely' sat.isfactory.
6. Conference with Captain rrack E. Cowling, Company C, lpth
Battalion. The following are opinions of this officer, whose company took
part in landinc operation:;;:
2' The combat ,eIJgiileer battalions need radios. The TIt; p'r.ovides
operators, but the TEA does not p:r6vide radio set s. (How .
correct ed). .' . '
(HOTE: This officer borrowed and,had access to radios during
tho itOvember landing operations. He observed that
the'Z84 radios badly. Being a chemical
engineer, whoso cl:yl1ian.oc.cupations is research on
he suggests that heat sealing in
".Pl'iofilm" mai solve this problem for fUture landing
opett.iions) .' .,'. .
:E, . Captain Cowling feels is excess in the letter
COlllJlany be lliade at angineer dumps:
(1) Mine detecto1"s. .
(2) Flame :tl1rcfW6l"s.
(3) Commercial shores.
Q. Tht ton cargo trucks are more advantageous than It ton
6.ump trucks '- that the advantages greatly exceed the disad-
V<Jlltagell. '.
thehooks on the double blocks for one' inch rope are
not strong enough. That he hasbent them back in using 3/4
inch rope; He states that he had, considerable trouble with
these before leavinG tho states.
7. The followipg are opinions of Colonel Thomas H. l"onroe and Lt.
Colo.illarry, :3. Shel1I1all of the 15th Infantry. .'
a. OFFICERS C::r'FICER CAlIDIDATI: SCHOOL. That training is
cssent1:;,:'l;r J sfactory Qui; the new officers have not been
sufficientl, <,::J,)ressed that they'must conduct themselves as
officers at all times and in all places.
- 3 -
IJNC
lED
UNCLASSIFIED
11.
Q.
l!.

f.
g.
h.
- 4 -
of ships at Port of Embarkation: Hore control by
tnetillal unit cOllU!lLl!lder. This unit, in spite' of precaution,,'
by the' commander, had .ships loaded with v6hicles separa.te
from the drivers thereof. .'
Service Records, etc: to be 00 the same ship wi ththe mono
This unit still has not recei;ved certain service records Nld'
are now three months behind with thenecessnrr ehtries. Ravo
been able to get only part pa;rmentsfor the men and. h.-,ve not
been able to increase their allotments.
COOlvas insufficient to protect equiplllent.
PUllE identification: The rule in. the l,5th Infantry is ftl::cvcr
shoot at plan.es that .do not shoot af intens1ve instruction
in the ident 1ficut1on of our .Ql!l1 plalles is valuable, but
within iilfant17 regiments we should notatt'empt intensivo :
instruction in the ,ldentif1:caU'onof eneJDY pIanos. The ul.timnto
objective inthiB trE'.ining is tolu"ve all gUll l:]:'eWB become
proficient in the identification' of, aU type", of .0ur,oWn ., ..
aircraft. .' .' .".. ..."....
Latrines - Bel1El'1es.,that collapsible latrine scats shOuld .be
brought with units. Lumber is very scarce in the North' .
Africl'.n Theatre; These scats should'be mado light l'.nd durnblc,
but be fly proof. (Colonel White, 67th Armored Regiment,
curs in this alsoL '
Crude oil and yeast for snnitnlC'Y purposos is not available, '
rule. used motor oil h.-not sufficient for this pUl:'pose. Goo(l.
hivouac areas are limited, and loIhen units arc bivouaced for
" fong period the .continuousdigging6f new straddle- trenches
presents a problem. partieule;rJ.y acute when units
follow each other into 'j;he,csBlDQ bivouac areas.
Short on Cleanine; and
notches and oiL. . '. .
Oo=d Post tents lE;lak: along the &c8!ii"joint between the roof
and the wall (A)., The.extended canvas (B)rolls.up during
rain and makes' a ret;Uler water trough. which cruJ.ses !l. consider-
able amount of water down the inside wall.
o .'
UNCLASSIFIED
APPENDIX 4
UNrnS\F1ED
1. Conference with the 34th Infantry Division contac.hd Colonel
HEmdri cl:son, Cllief of Staff, Lt. Col. Wendt, G-4 (who WE'.S.fIl.II0 G.-4 of
;Allied force .operations in the vicinity of .Algierand who has
also done much work in recent'months with the British), General lIyder,
CommandinC General.G-2, Division Surgeon. and the Division Signal Officer.
Q. Disadvantages of combined forces of different countries:
(1.)..Staff procedme entirely different ./hich creates misunde:"-
. standings and a lack of coordination. Constant liaison
bothways needed and this slows up the procedure.
(2) J!intireJ.y C1:1l:-1-erent ideas on com-bat oper.at1ons. :the
..combat loading for'amphibious operations entirely differ-
ent between the British and ourselves. CS)ntrol must 08
absolute >/ith the Combat Troop commahder on loading and
of equipment and personnel as well as original
plans which, of course, must generally fit the operationn.
Equipment not alike. Impractical to have American troops
attached to the British for sUpply, evacuation, or tra.:.1S-
portation. Their methods of sUpply are different. Zx-
amples of actual happenings are:
An American force was attached to the 1st
Army for a certain operation, and the British were
to suoply this force ann evacuate the wounded. '}heel
the British ambulances reported to the clearing stEtioTl,
it was found that our litt.ers were too short and.
couldn't bo carried in their ambulances.
(0 An American force of' 4 officers and 216 enlisted mon
was onerating under certain c"nditions with the :.Jritis;,.
They were used for an extended period - considerably
greater than originally planned. Seven weeks after
initial the one officer and 100 enlisted men
left h8.d not yet had a needed resupply of clothin,:;.
(4) The apove are in spite of the most willinG
coll.".porat-f6n from both sides.
(5) Solution: Col .ll'ent'.t says that our own supply .!m!!!1 'DC
thru all echelons of our own army. This particul,arl:' true
of classes I, II, and IV.
Lor-ding of Ships Not enough'control allowccl.combat cOmr:1aCldors.
Intorference by ship crew and high ranking officers
tl7ing to change loading plans is cUsast'rous. Absolute 00.1-
trol by the sub-task force commander is necessary after the
plan has been approved by all concerned. An example of M
actual happening caused by not haying this control is as
follows:
(1) After an amphibious landing was mare at a certain
. itwas learned that thore was imminent danger of a tane:'
counterattack, Artillery not available at tho moment.
Anti-taf.k weapons had been ordered 10a".0d. on the shi) to
be available on a momentI s notico. When they worD hur-
riedly called for, it Was found that passenger cars for
- 1 -
UNCLASSIFIED
- 2 -
staff work had to be unloaded fir:st before they
got to tho anti-tank weapons.
Q. ProtllOtioa for rear InstallAtions There is very little;)ro-
toction at present as set up inprcsent T/os. Impr<iv'isiJIt;,
must rob combil.t forces of neoded men and weapons'. GHQ. Mel
Corps units are sometimes but more often the pro-
toction must, be the of tho Division itself.
AsUggested'answor,according to Lt. Col., Wondt is:
(1), Organic AA unit in each infantry division. ,
(2) Organic'defense platoon in.,the Quartermaster Company of
the Inf'antrj Division, armed with ,30 cal and: .50 c,'l
machine guns. To be sufficient in size tOlrotect at
least two installations simUltaneously.
.9,. Trfdfil" Control. This subject has b,'como a sacrad one \In,l
tho British their exporiences on thu European
, al1d in North Africa. They haw made an exhaustive st'ud;! of
this nroblem and thoir general plan i,s as follows:
(1) Organization of Traffic Control Companies of approxim,.-:ttcl;'
180 men each equipped with light motorcycles, radios, "
etc. They controlall roads over which two or more units
moving, In.combat zones thcy control with raclio
all important so that columns may be di-
vorted without loss of time if the situation'requiros
it. This unit is thoroughly trained in this'work as
the nritish foel' it is of vital imroortanco,
(2) The Police platoon in lUI Infantry Division is
not of sufficient size to usc for traf:ic control as it
has. a bigger job than it can handle in controllingP of '.
(3) Units (combat teams, battalions, etc.) mark their Olin
roads when no onc else is them and arrange thGi"
own control thru organic trnnsportation and radios.
(4) Low speed light motorcycles that can bePhand
H
pushed
over difficult are These light motorcycles
of tho'Br1tish arc reported to have a longer life than
our heavier, fastor one, and. the mortality rate on
drivers is lessoned.
(5) They usc many signs. Thoso cannot be deponded on too
much because of saboteurs. The enginoor,battalion hus
special oquipment for making signs.,
FieldRanges The 34th Division isuaing 3ritish75 octene
gas which isnot loadcd, so they aro not badly off on fuel,
Howovor definite recommendations aro:
(1) Need ,WHITE gas. Iflendodgas is used, tho rango I)[>.rts
, WIlaI.' out;toof8llt with constllIlt; cloaning.
(a)NQedmoro'and;lQOro flo1d,range'parts. Thoy cannot bo
kePt., opomtiy,,at',Pl'lIllent. ; ,
, (:})"Need.J,'e!l,tO'J,';n,..Q;r sti)vca(s1mllar to thoso
..an<t, al'DWrod
stovos;w111 hoat.0 rations. for sma.l.l. patrols"that cnnnot
po,
UNCLASSIFIED
h.
..i.

V"ter SupplT.
(1) Every grol! bav8'"e, 250
gallon--eeltehlor1natillg,iire.i1l1l'.watilrtank.. !l'he 34th
Division had the,usecofJlrithh'wat'e'r tzlaUen'."i'or'some'
time and found:them defiuUely advante.geous. ,1'Iiey lIilIe
them greatly now. They91so state that the 5 gallon water
cans should .remain.lin ,the Table of.Ba6ic',Allowance as ,they
also have a definite purpose .in the prllsent plan of, \lat,er'
re-supply (using one truck for a battalion in hauling ;"
water cans to and ;from the .water poil\;ti),,and for sending"
out water .sm/l.ll;patrols that will be out for 24.
hours 0 r more..
(2) Advantageous ,in a tJ) have two or three 750' gallon
short wheel bas(I: ta.nks as higher he;"dquarters cannotal:"
ways be depended on to briltg water into an, area far enough
advanced for a division to re-supply itself. Phis 'lOuld
not be necessary. normallY. (See Col. Adams, MBS engineer
ideas on this).
Phn of Supp'ly.
(1) The Britishu.seunit distributioI)" br.inging supplies right
up to the Apparently'they have a greater
number of v;ehicles and service units in. higher echelons.
Their plan 'is tore,lieve the combat units of as much
housekeeping.as
V Replaeement., ' '
(1) At present, :units wait from two to ten days for replace-
ment Somevehic16s are not.replaced for many'
weeks, Posftible'solution for this is:
(a) Have'every DiviSion Ordnance separate unit
- 'OrdQanceplatoon have 10 percent stoCk of replacement
vehiclell. This percentage would.vary with tho salvago
evacuat.!.onorganizatlons at hand, and with the time
loss''tn,:.the Ordnance company getqng replacements from
higher echelons. , .
(2) Loss. invehicles.has been- great as enemy is attacking
single vehicles at,every op]1ortunity.
Combe.t Tsam. ::-
(1) Generally'accepted as a satisfactory fighting unit, out
when operating away from- its Division;, it has not the
" .
porsonnel ,orlo. equipment
housekeeping.:: tSeeMajor Curtis, 1st Infantry Division
ide.as on.'this ),' '
Training. , .i
(1) All unltsoperatlDg togethor of any branoh or force should
togetheT,:90as to.become .thoroughly familiar ,lith
each other's.'lIethodl!, !.dlosc;yncrasics;.porsonnel. otc.
Services;:of. SuWiy.Petsoll.nel. _Sy.stomatic, steps should 00 takQn
to keep Services .of""-!J:t!pply sections stocked with good,
officers (rotate if necessary) to koep Services of Supply fully
- 3 -
LU
UNCLASSIFIED
- 4 -
advised of NEEDS OF TROOPS. (Statement by Lt. Col. Wandt).
Minoa. (From Col. Hendrickson). British grenade 75 with
igniter 75 proving to be an,excellent weapon.
S1gtIal. (Observations of, the,34th Infantry Division Signal
Officer).
(1) On cold days they have had seVeral men knocked out by
'Jljonoxide f1llDes whila'operating radios in a Cand :a car
with curtains on.
(a),Air blecks (Radio interference by enomy).
(A)--1!adi.o 193 works thruairblecks ifhandled by g;ood
oporators.:" "
(:0 AM radio sots will goncrally go thru airblock".
Froquency modulated sots will not work thru air
(3) Wire communication.
(a) Used very littlo so far.
W130 wiro neods moro tonsilo strength. It is allright
for outpost.sand witbin battalion aroas. It ill not
satisfactory'for higher echololis.
(4) Badio Sots. '
(!!) 'roo lII8lIT'difforonll kinds. Canlt keep parts for thom.
Tubos', battorios are a bigproblom.
of :SA' 37 and'B,4. 38 b/ittorios critical.
Medi4a1 (Obdorvations oftho' 34th InfantryDivision Surgeon).
(1) Evacuation,and first aid for tho Divisien Command Post.
" Table of Organizations at present, and
'will total from 400 to 700 men at timos.
His solution is an unsatisfactory one at presont to
him. but is as followa:
Tho Division Venereal. is used as tho i'ioc1-
ical'officer at the Division Command Post aid
"station. ,
Tho' Six enlistod mon in the Division Surgeon1s
offioo are trainod in first aid.
Tako"one or twe amlrulances from tho clearing
,company whore,they can')jest lui Spared.
Changing collecting stations in operation:
One 'combat team in line with: its cblloct.ing station
in Cllpol'a1lioh te ,be relieved by another combat team).
Dontt "evacuate,thoequipment of the collecting
colripany in operEl-tiQn. Move the frosh personnol
iIi from the,collpQting'company that is to tako
'ovO'r.'making a,switch of the equipment betwoen
companios. Movi'l8 the,equipmont of,one company
,:tn.and 'tho, othor. out would crea,to, too l!IUCh con-
10B.B of'equipment thru
to tho- ei!ouiy AlBQwllUlddeetroy
''CQ1lnt.o:ttnt&ll:igonoo/ .'. , , "
thAt"onwotoach
.':r!lUl",Utter,boarers'b'ancltp!lriencodman and,
,knc>wa tho'torrain. Leave:enou,;h embulanco.drivors
: to acquaint tho now dt1;vora withallloca.t1Ona.
UNCLASSIFIED
U ,5 S'ffIFQAPPENDIX NO.
4 Oont4)
.2.. other ObaeneUona.
(1) Slit trenchos (frem Col. and Lt, Col. Wondt).
Sl1t J;rcnches have proven no gOod against tanks. Tho
German tanks run one track along in thDlD, crushing the
men in them. Many American and British soldiers havo per-
ishod in this.manner. The best solution found so far is
individual round, vertical fox holes, deep so men
have two feet of oarth over their heads when sitting down.
(2) Cutting Tablo of Organizations. When informed of tho
possible cuts in Table of OrganiZations of Modical Units
and in artillory battalions, the following protests wore
heard:
All units to function properly should train together.
Medical units trained as General Headquarters or Corps
units to be attached to Divisions in combat weuld not
work as well because of personnel being unfamiliar
with each other and not knowing oach other's methods
of operat ion.
(s) Battalion headquarters batteries and S and Abatteries
being combinod would make a battery so widely scattor-
ed as to be difficult to handle. Almost invariably
it would have to operate two kitchens and administra-
tion would havo to be divided. At this writing the
S and Abattery and the battalion headquarters battery
of the 175 Field ArtillOTy nre operating 80 miles
apart in the combat zone. (Strong opinions along this
line were received from many others, inciuding Mejor
Genoral Dawley, VI Corps).
- 5 -
.A.PPENDIX lITO. 5
1 .Secti'On, 1ms at Oren..
'01 ... .."J'ord, and Cspta!1l
Arn'Old :S. Hubbard),.'
,. Chemioal,'
(1) No infeIine.tlo'n 'being reCeived en new developments, new
TEAs or any changes in equipment. 110 :mao118;1'8 or train-
ing circulars beirib' received. . ;' "
(2) llanifests do not have accurate enoUbhanformation in
many cases. It is sometimes necessary to'.give plJ:i.oriHes
in eerta1n';shlps -meving to ether perts and this is'im-.
pessible witheut definite infermatien on what is in the
ships. .
Exampl'el Uani'Cest llYO 207 Ship 1''0. lIT626 received at
Oran en December 14, 1942. Under the item
9 R'CWS"SAS '3 was the fellewing'HilmI "21
packMes ohemioal warfare supplies".
(.!:) Su,ggestien:' That the chemical 'Officer at Pembark.
li.Y. air'ftian shipping tickets 'Or taUyeuts on all
shipmentsleaviilg the Port 'Of Embarkation. , ,
(b) 'Xhis infermation is essent'l:al ifprep,er supply
leVels arEi te be mainta1ned::'in the,various.depots.
(3), SupplY' depots.' Supplies semewhat congested because of
the shortage 'Of transpertation to prope1'ly dtstribute "
suppliali to'1'81'10118:.ca'\tereddepoh. '
(4) Jlrit1Sl1)!meke'pets have eaused six fires, resulting in
the IOlislof ever 10,000 'smeke pets. :{CaUsed,by the in-
ability t.oget preperlr'scatter the.
mines inte.lIIDall piles over a large area);' The reasen
fer tl1em setting Ilfire is the smeke pets were'damaged
iiitransit,'aildWheh'expesed to meistuEi "spontaneous
combulltl:enn':reeulted. When 'One pol; is'set 'Off, the
'Of' .the':Yiliacnnnot be saved, "The crates are
net strong'eneUgh, Thilre:are two po't>sto a crate and
20% 'Of the'crates are da.maged in seme manner by tho time
:the l1aniUibt;at the debarkation peint'l.s cempleted,
(5) Very of' supplies', part-icularly tho.
Itq1iil:It 'dccentamiliat in;; and the agent, nOn"
corrl>,s1ve.. MSnt unitiarrived'at'thiil' theat-r.e witheut
the.! r 1J3'A campi Ote .
_ 4
2. Engineer' s'ec'tiel!, HSs..:CYraii.
,ll,. Confer"enc'e with MB:'je'J:' Stanley on water suPPly.
(1) lie),,utilizing.shallew wells (25 feet tid. 30fEiet deep)
'iIi this area tli'at;ire already existent. Thtlse W'ells.
are under French control and arc used for irrigation
- 1 -
UNCLASSIFIED
- 2 -
and uses. It isnecessary to ration tne vater at
times. but at present is sufficient. Ifwater becomes
scarce late in the season,. and there isno other supply
available from deep"ells or streams, it mq be necessary
to restricttne water for iiTigation purposes. At the
present time the are drilling one deep well and
startinganother. is still in the experimental stage,
first well 1s down3QO teet at present and i8 stillin
olq. The geologicalformatloi in this area is not simple.
Water in creeks and rivers is very heavy with s11t.
(2) Testing water. . . . . . .'
(.!!). Our present units are-unable to test water for
,",chlorination.' They'shculdbe taught to do so and
furnished. the l1ecessart eqUipment.'
Major Stanley had callad for tcstlng units from the
depot. .Three were located'and sent to him, one of
w14ch be showed to\l.s: Itwattwithout any batteries
or part!lneC'easa1'7,for itsoperation, and so far as
could be determined,no-parts or batteries were
. .... , '- .'
J!.., Conferenoe With Oolonel Donald.B.Adams. '
(1) Bomb'disPosal. units. (Q.uesUonsin Colonel Adams mind).
In the ordnance unit arethcy prepared to dispose of
bombs in areas forward of Corps boundaries?
(J!)",.Slmu1d the engineers'be trained to dispose ofbombs
in initial actions before ordnance units arrive? And
todiBT.>ose,of bombs in forward areas?
(g) . What does thElbomb 5liBposal unit of an air force
'.. tak;eln operation!! l;n a :what areas? What
conn.ection with ordnance, similar units'
(2) Fire lJlg, ...
'u&) ,. :Wha;t.unl.ts areb,eing,trained for this' Are they
organi:lfedwith experienced fire fighters from civilian
.1if'J'lor .'
(ll'OTlIll,: ,Colonel Ad:ams.sent ,a prospective T/O for
'.'a:fire unit through EcshrnTheater
of Operations during the summer of1942. but
.... " has heamnothing'as ,to whether these units
i are being organized <>1' not.);
.(3) Uti'litieS' Platoons. In allareas: the onginecr units are
being called on':for small jobs.such as plumbing, carpenter
work, .electl'i@l Wbrk, etc. Whenever this work has to be
dOlle, men are used that c:auses tne slowing. down of major
operations, and not availablo
,tOol' :" " ,t,
UNCLASSIFIED
(APP.ENDIX NO. 5 Contd)
Colonel Adama recommendsl
(.!l:)That headquarters utilityplatoons be formed to handle
these miscellaneous duties.
That they be made up of men experienced in civilian life.
Aplatoon to have two or three of each type mechanic.
() That the number for a headquarters utilityplatoon be -
Approximately 40 to 50 men for an Allied Force Headquarters
n 30 to 40 men for an Army Headquarters.
11 20 to 25 men for a Corps Headquarters.
n 30 to 40 men for a Base Headquarters.
Water supply.
250 gallon water trailers. Believes one in each company
or batter,r would be advantageous. Should be self
chlorinating but the self chlorinating unit should be
a simple one allowing much hard usage. Equipped with
a spout that wop't be exposed so as to be knocked off.
750 gallon water tanks. Does not believe these ad-
vantageous in units under GHQ, or Corps. Too hard to
ship and'with the collapsible water tanks now being
used, he feels that water supply engineer battalions
can convey .water to dry division water points.
(Have several contrary opinions to this inprevious
reports.. See Paragraph 2 F (2) Memo 9 Januar,r 10,
1943 and Hemo No.8, January 3,1943, Paragraph 3 D).
() Need 250 gallon water trailers in medical units,
particularly when operatinG away from water tanks
that are supplied by the engineer water supply battalion.
Basis of noeds to medical units is approximately 5
gallon per day per patient end one gallon per day for
operating personnel.
(g,) 5 gallon water cans should be retained in aM.i tion to
water trailers, as they have their normal usage. (See
opinion by Colonel Hendrickson and Lt. Col.
Paragraph 2 F (1) above).
Service troops. Need more so as to release highly trained
special troops from doing service work. (At the present
time a vell trained engineer camouflage battalion is being
used to handle supplies in the vicinity of Oran).
(6)
Hotorcycles. Need them lighter and slower. Ueed more and more
of them. Top speed of 60 11PH is a great plenty. :Present
1/4 ton trucks cannot columns on these roads and main-
tain column control. (This same opinion received from many
others)
- 3 -
- 1 -
LJ r ~ t t A S i FI ED
UNCLASSIFIED
- 2 -
(6) Artillery batteries have kitchens right with them in their
posi tion area.s.
.i<.
Equi:pment , "
(l) Each man to hI;lve wi th hi'll \s and what he needs
. ,' Do' npt" !!ver' 011"';or,B bBe;B'coming,up at a,certain
"tlIi\l!. ,They"just do not:get therp. , .. -
(2) GUatd"eqU1pment lIell both The Ij:hI;lnces
" are eg&lnst has
(3/. Wrecker trucks. SUperstructure too-we,e.k:,in infantry ragi-
'Need the ton Peckers very badly to get the job
dOne. 'They do notlslowJlp,infantry, 'columns,in' thi's
.and .the,advantages far'of:tset the diSadvantages.
(4) Sto.ve, substitute., Use: sandin cans,soajtElll'illge;soline to
)ieat .G Rations" "Works very well with small'holes punched
", iil the.. sides of the can to allow a.ir through.
(5) '.Golilii>ercial shores needed',badly in combat area.s. (See Par.
)o.i ,NQlllQrandum 8'. January 3,1-943 folt.'contrary
,0P1.nlqn. diff8l"enll''in th8'WTl'< area).
Jlioi;QL. aa:to whether,the prBJlent:!l'llA.
cOmmei.c1a.l:AAQres sl)ouldla.ll be carried :hi 'an, engineer
combat 'Might lighten,their load of
tp.eui but,1'D cOlDbat area:ther ahould,bereadily
acceSSible '1n' forlfard engiaeer dump). ' '
(6) nama taken away from combat engineer
bat'ta.lions. TOO",cwnllersome\for what they arB worth.
(7) Nine,.detectprs., NO'go'Od egailUlt present'cardboard mine
beiDi!;' used Axis at pr,sent. .. .
(8) Vehicle's. EmphasiS on t ton and 2i- ton. cargo. Fixi ton
'f,or
1
;radio. both sil!:es, are priceless. 0 and
R3/4.tons useless except needed as radio cars.
Trailers can be hauled by i,tons wherever necessary.
(9) Canvas. Needed badly in bi vouac areas but E!ven the OP
tents are not used much in forward infantry zones.
Infantry CPs are put in farmhOtlses" .caves, eta. OPtents
invaluable 1n art11lery and 1n bivouac areas for adminis-
tration.
(10) Canteens. Units of the 1st InfBJltry Division,that part;1ci-
pated in the amphibious'operations are st1ll carrying two
canteens and find thie very advantagwus.,
(11) Do not- believe in the 350 gallon trailers per company.,
Have not tried this out in combat but cons,idared i,t,,
seriously'in maneuvers in the States and.decided against
them. Feel that the present plan of cans
and he.vin.g one truck from eacJl batta.lion'haul them is,
satisfactory. (This contraryIto many opinions on this
. subJect). '
General .
(1) : Slhf or fax tailkl.
0l'I11h man 'in' tI:IeliI.' u1al.l'miM,'II'8rttCI.'tox
deap enough are two feet belOW the
lNl"face of
UNCLASSIFIED
(2) Be to have two staff echelons of each section at
all and operate forward IlJld rear secUons.Bear
echelon mq be as far back as the 'Army depots or debarka-
tion.porta.
.2. Amphibious operations
(1) Drivers on same shipe with vehicles.
(2) Operators on same ships with weapons.
(Hever plan on personnel and their weapons or vehicles
coming together after arriving at a beach from different
ships)
(3) NO CllilNGES IN I,OADING PLANS_ They are fat.aL
First have plan-approved by ship officers and then
under no.circumstances allow chE..nges except slight
that might be necessary to obtain the correct
listfor the ship.
(J2) (T:ansport QM) to maintain ABSOLUTFJ control of
loading and unloading for his Bub-task force

Mus.t be A-l .officer. Can be tlire.c f:om a staff
or service element that is r Jt .,.ceicd in
immediate combat during ini tie.:;' l.'aves.
His full authority thru his cor.manliing general
and his sub-task force commander, and the ship
crew can make no he doea not personally
authorize.
Complete schedule of equipment in eachhold and
exactlywhere in the hold.
Complete unloading schedule before embarkation.
ontrol bJ' commanding general in convoy (or sub-task
force commander as the case .may be).
First wavo on time sched:ule.
Succeeding Waves on boat load schedule.
Boats not transferred from.one ship to another
but continue handling their own ship.
Schedules previously made up and copi"es to all
higher echelons before sailing. Any time during
an operation a radio report will tell exactly
the situation on unloading, for instance mark -
Personnel - P
Vehicles - V
Supplies - S
Looking'down the schedule of what has been done,
a radio report stating "P6S9Vl2" wouldgive 'a'
person with a schedule and chart the exact
personnel, and vehicles that 'have been
Jlllloaded and sentto the beach. DO NOT try to
work on e. time after the first
,wave .
Information worked out ahead even to the cranes
and nets to each hold" hatch, and taW!: lighter.
- 3 -
UNCLASSIFIED
- 4 -
TGJI in charge. Good capable ofii cer at.eadl
hatch and good NCO 1. each,hC?ld. Each .u.ed
in loading.the ahlp 80 lmowa.eD.ctly where
everythingia and aait'is tor,by achedule'
there will.be, no del:e.ys. .,. .
Three plana ifpossible. Alternr.te plans be necessary.
depen<l.ent on required op8l'!\c-\i,OllS. .'" .
LanMng table for each ship<for each team to ba
distriruted to each ship before iOn. .Time ",le.ment
vi tal. r':1B key peraollJlel. that mal:es u',? these tables.
should trained before they ar"'!ve at the Por.to '
Embarkat:.otl Time. will be too short as'ith.
(6)
General o':>r"rv&.tiona .
(.!!) tree pHmarU;r forart1;Ue:.,y, Pack: 7pmm
howl."zers are 'rltal.U",;YOU cah th..:.l tll supple-
,"ent: the mortara:unt1i the!I05a: GTe!:l,a pO.81tton
":;0 furn1abfirea:. '. '
(g) 103_!lOOn all-a.U artillel'f desperate.ly
needed. not,tr,., topillLOS8 .11"!lweapon
:e.rriers. ,Wlll:dllerillJr beg"downt:Iw'bee,ch. Use
.regUlar do:noli,'llring the l05suntil
primBe.overa can; be brOught With them.
(g) use plenty of trailers loaded wt'th Bupplies. !!!hey
can be pulled by t ton trucks or bull dozers.. .
(g) .n:, vehicles brought to shore- should have organic
Itads.
(.!!) Leave men's rOll.B on shlp. Make up 'squad bundles
,11th them and send to abors inlighters as room
c.an be fOUtld for them.. Do riot letmen have.more
of a combat pack then they caA swim and fight )11th,.
Should have two canteene each andsmeJ.l.amount ot.,
rattonfor emergency. ProbablY' have. to teed them-
selves'for 24 hours butheat' ot battl,e ma.kee eating
comparatively during this time. By
the time the,men have an opPortUiii ty to Btop and..
eat, ,the ratlonaupplies can"be'unloaded on the
bea.oh fqr. them.
UNCLASSIFIED
. . ",' ',",
,! oJ,'
'" l I
I L:. v
NOTES FROIi SOP
lot INFANTRY DIVISION
SHIP 10 SHORE, OPEkATION
li Plan. to provid. for the reduction of strength and equipment,
if, by limits imP"Bed by .hip., will be inaccord with
prioritie:u '
,":.". -." Banda.

Chauffeurs tor left at, homa
..d:otorcycllsts.
Reduc1:-ion on rifle. to,8 men41
no Case will piollS proviqe for deletion ot Unita,
anlf#l:JS ordered h,y this headquarters,
J;'f;'Ort:onizatioQ:
jl;,'i;"!lajor Tactical GNuping.:

Infantryliel1it"'-nt ('l'hre.hattalion landing'to"",.).
One f.A.,' Battalion. "
Coj A;' --,Engr. Batt ali0r>.
Co. Battalioo.
Urd. Det. (OQ. ,offioer,'ixenlisted,men).
Det; .,- ," ',;,
Army TrooPS '- ,Regimental Shore Party.
Division Artillery, 1.'.dot
.tlivision Headquarters,
Hq-: Md deta,
Signal Co0," leBa de.ts.
Engineer Bn" less deta. (Less, three Companies)
Reconnai5saI1C,e Troop.
Division Shore
Service Troop3:
. wedicuf Sn'., 1e3.9 three Compani,e,s.
QlI Company; .
urd. Company le.s det
3; 'Battalion Landin.: 1'.... (Combat loaded):
Infantry. '
Battalion Section.
One 8attdry F.A,
One Bn. component of reglinental shore party.
Naval- Gunfire Support Team, _oft
One'army officer.
Two Naval
Fo.ur
When .pace i. available units will be added in the
,,prioritl',1
One Enginee" Platoon.
'One- Sec-, Trans. Platoon'"Serv1ce:_Co'i"
(Jne Battery AA Artillery. '
tu! 2 fiJI
ED
a darlnite aUQtment of transportation
tr...".:>O
.. 2-
b. AB soon as
thifS, headc:uarter3 will mike a definite 'of epfJ.ce
ree.rvi<l,; ouchspace on each ship as will b. reqUired bv"dj:Vis:
c. Battalion lcmding teams Jilll be assigned to one
&. Re,,>1mental headquarters will b...ssigtied til "the
trOll.port division. (Navy).
!l.."Si'''c. "will be reaerved' (or the.diviaion..
the flagehipof. tho Naval offioer cOlllll\",uling
tde division.
f. The division staff will be diVided into -two groups, each
of.rW;-ctioning as a. staff J each eml?arked on a sepan.te sbIP;
,g. For planning pur2osos, transport div.iaions may be afl9WJ\f:Uj;t()
cons}.st of four trar13IX>rts of tne following oc:pacitiss:
Ship No. Officers -Enlisted'.IlILsn
veh;gle",P
1 (i'lagShip) , ?O 1300
2 70 1050
50
3 70 1050 5.0
4 ..15L 2Q2Q..

2804450 ','/(l()
5. Scheme of
a. Each, RCT to be capable of lan.ding and operating
out the 3UPPOrt of other elements of the divlaion.
g. Tr8ilsport arab approximately 10,000 ylU'da
beach.
. L1ne of departure appr:oximately 5,000 yarl1a from
fl. Formation for landing:
Column of battal10M .on beach
length.
Landing to b. made during hour., of darkness.
organized defense. . . . - - .
. ;,ft.r the landing and clearing of the beach,
"'ill operate in a manner rwnnal, for land fighting.
sr. ,Tanks may be landed after beach has been cllij:a:-eq,'
6 . Vehicle -Allowances:
(This table is for planning only. It is $UbJect't9"""<!1f'!oI\t.l!!n)
Unit
CT
Inf,(J Bns.}
Reg Hq Co,
63
11
1
1
5 J
1
25
3
3 12 3?-mm 121
l'
12
l
AT Co
Cannon' Co
7
8
12
J
1 12 37-rom,
2,
f, l
P

.1 '
2 Sl 1 .,.,.
"'-'.'-
d
1
Sarv Co
5. 4

.iJ.ed Det
4 J 10
F.A. (JFir Bt)
9 3 15 3 4 75-rom PH
9
j
H Btry
Sen Bt.'Y
En,gr Co
8
2
1
1
1
1
1
5
1
4
B 105-rom
6 3?-mni
1 Amb
3 Half-Tr
3 37-mm,
;'!:
!i:"
,':'
',,:U;'f
.'!],,':(


'",
.ted Call Co
1 1
1
Bulid""""
1 AirCofl,p'
1 250 gal Tlr,l'
' l'
Ord'Det
1 1
3 Amb
Si. Det 1 2 2 1
I sa_'IL'
On API. On AKls
(Se. Shovo r..r.tyOlJP),
cJ!i.;;:.:c;o!'f!P::tihon (each regitnOl).tal CTh . .
:, Appr,oxiJllately on. but talion amphioia" ,
4J;cMr, 'pet, troops. ' " " " . . .
'Qificer., aud 5O . ... .
'.'
th'reg.
. . >':::/:..
CT in accorqi:l.llce ol'CieI'Q, 'of CT ... .."
__ Shore Io.rt.:/, mllf:lt ,have a hit:h:.priority.1'or" '.
_... CT to division, or
i!:Qr<:,Ii-,OO:\Wder,

60enl,iote<j mOll .(attl"',hed
anq Oil' '''Ph iJ', unci.... or .
"<>lIP"".:Lon'Ol \Ul,Loo",,,,og.of AP. l.a1d' \IIlder"direotion of
revert. toil.l,s, contTol. .
lED
sU;l<Ilm1\W
:9,' Transport (uarterlll&Bt'.r (TQ;j)I
.i\:;' Teall.8 will Ii<> dosi&nated by
tlliril!<\. ,basis ot. 5 por
1irJ'\9t'U"'r . .' ..'..
,f, _. l,l!tlI,te
C'r\."hq.''fIill, be l'o.pqnBible for coordinating t..-:r;i
tho theircT'.; . .... .......
.),''!<ril'. \'1111 be organized .r.nd .traJJ\ed ""d"".d1..... ..
S. will be mado availableto ..si.t
in tho'preparation of tonnage and loading ;"or othilf ....;:;
SOP tor TGI' ,,;. .. . . . . . , ,. .' .... ,..
J!.. The position of 1'Q1 i.one'
care will be tlxercist3d to appoint c:omeetent bft1cars'\'!hosa ..:
absence 'on duties will not thd .co..,bat
unit during'the operc..tion. . ' '., >'''--
!,TQj'swill control the landing.oraft,,".ignd<i to unload th,;ir
ship to insure thb.t no c:r&ft idle at the
g. tJ'hen braft hot a.ssigndc} to his rSilort the-rei by
TQr.l is responsible' for directil1(S' thetil.to,:t,helr propt::r
h, TQII'. \lill notify G-4 '4.> aaon a. on. orJDJre craft \\1
unload his ship can no longur uelcd to capacity and
Lng craft (0-4- reaas47JI whert::."
10.' J\dvance Parties.
. l!. ",iion-Preced. units to pOrt of embarkation
proper loadif18 6f unit Bupplli;:ls,. mutor
sonne).'.
R- Composition &.ild' natl.!-l'e of' duties-Division ...._, ,,.,"i"
(1) 'l'he Divioion "O/lI!lIh.rdor or hi. r.?rnt.ativ.....,Q""
with car. . .. ' .
Nture of Dllty-1o.s -drected by the,Port ....
in person to thl'J pr:opdr port of embarkation___
the follol1ing1 ' . . "_ < ." ...... '.,", ,._, .... ,
(0) Furnish infa.mation regarding rNiBh('!II\iP'll"ntJi<;;:
, mad-e by tho division. ,"I'
(b) Furnioh intor,nation ragording.
trunsports. . _,.'_,,_. ' .. ' -
(0) Si.n for supplies end o(,uip...nt
ful'" th.J dividion. . ,
(d) It.port tothu PortComman<i.r,. ..
not; covered by shipinents,
from rej>orta roc'<3i"ved by Port
(0) .l<eport to Port.'COUUlIOndor, all.equipm'lJ1t}inll'ill,\>'"
not receivud by s&iling date. .. ",,
(2) lteprttsentativ(; of hdjutant B S<3ction-oild
(stonograph,Jr), two . .
N..ture ?f division CP;' .Set;i\LP:8rl<l";,,,
, mds.88-g'd codnter; Handle such.
83 tn<;V' c.rise. .
(3) Heprasentat1ve of G-2; cl-.:ork. _ __
Nature.of Duty-l'oke Cht.i'oo of ouch"'<po ",Jda.,:;r..
ions oS arriv3 at the port.
oautions as ntay b(J necessary. '
(4) it.presentative of 0-) Soction-ona
chauffeur with car.
:Iature of sup;.rvisiOh and' coordin.. , .Co,
loading personnel at tho
riavy) '' , ' '-
(5) Mpre50"t"t:I."e of 0-4 Seot;iall'-Geri"ral.
dinotion of loading of SUPPUtl.and ... ..
Nature of Duty-General superviSion and
of supplie. and equipment lit: the pOrt.,
I L:.. U
(6) .' Reprenta.tive. of Dl.vieion (llart.r,...;,ter, Chemical
.' rtar!are, .'and 6igIW.l units.,'_
,N&t\lre ofDuti-Aosist G-4 repre.entative inhi- Qutie
(7)," Detactl!'1eilt' 2
officers'and 1.2. men. " _ <
tlatura of by gu'-ording pa.Y te+6phcines
'&.1.d exits. recuirad' for pollcQ i='rotect-
ion far convoys. .;..asist in troop'control as"directed
by G-3 re'prdS51ltatlvB. (;ru:r.Y" out so;;Icurity ae
directed p.y G-2 representative.
(8) lot,ontryi,e_mOnt:" ' .
(a)' 'lte.Lnental "",ecutive-Une ,
Nature v!_DutidS-Act fol'" __flirt .decis.ioI1S foI'l the
(OT) -Cc;!!!!S;nder. COm!!l9,..... 4-the several adva!1ee'
f:lal'ties of t'ile CT. Insure'that instructions'frOm
. higher 8;uthoritiea aN' ou.t. .supervise hIld
coo,rd.!nc..te of"Bhip.:s assigns_d to'hi.:s CT.
(0) 01Rogimental 5-4 Sect!on-"'<Jne officer.
Nature of Dutiee-J.ooi.t It;i.J:lontlll. Executive. (Not.:
The ;.J:xt;cutivu or hio btl'
in touch the toi"\ljud.eCheloQ of divisUn head-'
quarters ut..11 tim.s): '
(.9) Each l'ransportl ," ,"
(a) . Coltr.\l,\.J1aer of troops; ,or his officer.
Nuture 'of hi. d\lti 'the adVaQcop!\l't;r of
hi_ .hip and' and loading of
his tra..l::liJOn.,' : -. _ . ",- - :" ,
(b) Trans?ort (.ue.rtermaster ,cifficer,and tw:o non-
com..ise:ion<Jd officers.' ..
o'Iature' of lJuties-At-t&ched to staff of tne
of troops'and his diruct :repre's8nt,.ative inill
matter.rolating to loading, wUooding.'billeting;
&nd contacts with. tue tr....ns;)ort
(C) 'BiUetino'Uf!icOl'-Vne officer,alld 'one clerk (atonO).
Nature of'!Juti paying particular attent-
ion to the 6nd of personnel.
(0) Adva.:'!ce lJetf:.il-Not to exceed 4'1 "men ?Sr bll.tte.lion.. ,
Nut' .to exceed 4 ;nan and two NCOI S .'er tj,na 'a
proportivClb-te nurnber of re,Jresen.t...tiv8I;1' fo'r,
unit, Witri. &. oinir.lUt:l. of hlO for Q..TlY ona;\l,n1t. ,
'of'D_ties-h5sist in u.rrwlgirt,g, details
:'abeaM hct,as 'J\ssist in load1n6
, '
(e) Extra."Drivers-une'por venicl<l' to be loadtJd when required.
(To'be.ln'chtu\.. e',of an offioer($);'t..rfiJ drivers inex- '
of in advance
, " . ,
Additional pre-8m.barHation instructiohs:
" :_" is responai,\.>ie tor tne Ca.rtJ bl1d disc1plina _of
.-vr.1;ll. insure the:.,t 'proper atep_1f ,6.re . .-'ut int.o 1U",fe:ct to
-_his " '
co .pan:les should arrive. ,bot thu por.t Pf'ior. to the time
.. 'lhey SMuJ.dbe billeted on'ship.:, .'.l.tin.,loa.<liilg,'
thoroughly f<4IliUar ilocation of 'all equip-

.' '.' , , .,.. .. .,
trQQ.... '"aO\l
'..tor &1'''1: ' . "..,,'.. ,'
of,' be
to'f/BM
IED
UNCLASSIFIED
PAGE 6 MISSING IN THE ORIGINAL.
UNCLASSIFIED
IFIE0
(2) Remaining unit:;--5 unit!J of fi,rd.
O1l.50111)-e:
, (l) clt!s Vlill cRrry full tanks.
" . (2),Vchicles will c<'I.rry filiad 5 gal containers on
following basis ':
or oYer 1.0 each
S,Hcial I\nd 10 !::'lch
tru(!ks 4 (;)!lch
".I-ton tru,cks 2 oar:h
(3) 5 da:,s "upply (8 gal p.r vehicle par, day) will be ,comb.t
lOflood'on ahip with vohiclasJ nnd. set ashore by as diroJcted by 0-4.
. (4) Balance of gasoline Rllottad will bo lortded as part of
rsserve'5upplics.
15. .Baggllgo And Frf.!lghtJ "
Baggaga:
.::'
(1) Officers arl:! putliori:zad tlt1:3 ,following
1 bed roll, not 50 Ibs. In stateroom.
1. pi2CG hand bagci'tg>1 or clothing rolll Not over 40 Ibs.
In stateroom.
1. trunk 10ckl,;:r. Pt::l' Gdnor<\l Officer only,
FreiSht
. _,> :(1) All organization T/BA uquipme:nt not loadt:ld'in vehicles
the':!;T;';,combRt load will b() :Hnt to P,ort of a.s freight.
," .",".>'" '.(2) Upon dopnrture of fr9ight cnrs from hornll, list
>Of';fro1ght.-'car 'numbQrs, and tht;il to which qasigned will
thu 0-4 roprosentntlvrJ at Port of Embarkation by the
(l>11d:,si9l\
(a) 1'ha G-L reprcsGntativt! will break this list down
n.
lOi' of bOX;(;l:J and cratpsI
,n. ,All boxes,' cr.a.tes, """ud plec.:lH of equipment will be marked with
'the lll1,l.t insignia, company or simil,;r unit dasionation,
and line in P & T tablas, as followSJ
6i LinG fn r7' to be on yelloVi dosk for
to,which access is,required unroute', and on white disk for piucea
is'not required. (Note priority) ,
".,:"UQ, other uill appe;:l,r on. boxes or 6Qutpment.
C'. ,In cotnplie.nco wit,h \lar to maintain secrecy,
be to mark property in Buch n mDnrwr as to pbnnit ready
identif1cation Yri,thout r!.:'1t.!.'lling orgar.ization.
, .';!_ ' will bo 'i:3 prtJ5crib.3d.
:17,; Pursonnel Rnd tonnag.-i tablt.1;lr (p!; T
. .lltll bo compili:d by e1.ch or simil:'r unit, and will be
. up to date fol' irmedlate USQ.
18. UotOT
S;:;rvice:
(1) Prior to dt!:partul't3 from humt.l station.
(a) over 40 hours, 100 hour chC::lck.
'lo8u thEm'4'0 hours, 25 hour
(1;) All oth.rs,--Opbr.ted ovor 2400 milos, 6000 mile,
le:3D 1fhan 2400 milos, 1000 milt! sa,rviee., .
e,ll.;';/G oil. "
'fl,)" Prior to depArture from hOlll$ sto.tion.-
(.) ,Fllll gas tanka lUld 5ga"lon cana, .(S,par. 14' d)
(b)' Oil. quart oH on eRCh vehlcl-.,' '(Not to bewi,.(c."

...,,- ., "" y;
FlED
(2l:'Prior to loo.ding on ship, .""Ii Vohic19.Wl.l,J;,;_D!
plus ,gnlJ.:o:n
,;,<,'",,c,',,1.0'<:18,'
;;::.trYi.f(l);Viihi,Cl',S wl11CRl'ry"nath1n,g, a>;c.pt
):':',,',:',(2YThc 5 Gallml. cn;,l,lfj:;t3, ba'socurely
.nboird nhil'i .
.. ",""
- .(1)' Tact.icnl mr.rkingn' wi-ll not he,_.t'(iDloved.
(2) valiIt tho.port' of nmhnrketion vOhii;,:Li(:i!l-t;{!Sii;
serviced, waterproofedj _,T\nd:a: titS l:urn1shod.b-y, tha DiviDion:
to each stacring ,On[, -aide ot tha Vlg roltds; "C'l\lti'on.::tW:);;'
vehi cle fi lIed with gasolim1lf.
(3), Prior to turning yohicleB ove.r to tho T;')".p"at;1i!>::,iiPl'tl:
tho serir.l will.,tag:..-efl.ch veh:1:cle. on
shield with its unlo,di ng priority. Those, tags'
Division 011. . ,"
.. e. Keysl by to will b.'se.turel:tlI ..
dash Doord: '
!., Precllution,Sf -following
enlorced by th-3_Serio'll wh<3n vehicles a,ru .1oAded
(l)'FiiOItnnks to he fyll. (A half full tank;1d'lj;' ,
splash,' witnmore loss of .th:1n p full one).
, (2) A lnsptlctlon will :)e nf tapk.{.:arid:'
fuel systums' to at.!;ll!.nst leakfl. '
(3) .. Sou thnt t.-1nk caps do not permit lcakfl.ge.
(4) Sou th,t 0 small spac. is .v:tilobLl to
of gasoline., . I.
f,) nuch otht:r .<I.S Ilre llflCr.SSRr;y
spillage of'gf\solin<:,due to motion:of thtl ship"
(6) Ke.-;p SP,'lCtlS or.cllpiud _by vehicluB or
surveillance_with n, gu.;.rd in rubbl1r,. sole_d, sho<JS and uQing' spArk/prool'
r11t.'et,r1c hand Vmterns.
, . (7) nil within. wide d,nger .Ttl.J'round
stowad vElhiclas. , ' , . '
_ (8) -Do not fu:.:l or. defukli I'lnY' bulow''d(:ck.:
(9). Do _not uSU the start&r or in an,)," wny-
vehic-le- below deck. ." . .-
(10) Ground of :tIl ,'eh1el:..:sduring pRSSRJS,e{:
(11) Tee all ""hieI.)s os provided in par. 17 d (.r.
.11. Sariab for Ioadin.!. All v,.h!ebs,nssignfJd toiinO"oll1l'
fomeo as A. aerin1 nt th.'! h.:r!ld st:ltion uooar cOImlA.r;d of, an .. , . '
detailed by the CornmFl.ndeT of Troops of that
(1) This l'rill b0 responsibl:, ,Vf#.,
hicles as follows1_ -
(0) During r(;-gasclng.
(b) Movt:Hltont to port.
(e) LOflding p.bofl.rd ship.
(0) Hovemimt' to Shore.
(fJ) &pooline::o
ef) &;lotlciinbJ iftleCesBAry.
(e) :-md processing at the IJ01't, as outUnQ4._::;t.;;t;.',:::
prlr. 17 d. .,-- r' :v.'
(hl Submit toTa' of his.sh:,p a list of vahic,1es
Uni ted'St.atr)s registration number,
and -drivers. name. . .- "- ,..
18. Subordin'1te l-l')nst - . ..-.
!!. CT will.urin'g all omparkA.tion plans."!JP, t-o
(1) attfJntion will be gi',cn to P & T
,.
u
lED
will prep"ri.i
-l!1nding: on_tllO,!oUowing: ,
"{l.) : :lJ:ii-. ",,",,oronow.. ' , '"
issue<l t,y his Team COIllIllOUld.r"""
or:',I,(ailahility,pf,lan<1insboat. a. given in information for
'th;wUOtl l,'U"ope rati on.
CT C-Or:J!l.<1.ndtlrs must resQry. on e.'lch ship for-,
, ' 'ill :,'
: 2r _of short.. '
:.)) Drivers for 1111- on ship.
!;.laking Innd,ine.plnns, ,l:Iplel must up in boatl?
:tQt;" Qf tho Shore Party, " '"
,.;;,_:,>:::e.. Unloading PL.1.n.'H-- 11111 be by e;;lch T,J,{ in c.onjunction
T.::Lbl.JB by the 3-J of tbiJ l(,Ulding team concernod
' ""i ': (I) Tho Phn and Landing Table will,QO made up
sHri'lhi bRS-tld .
. (<\) LeA J;''!r and
(b) Lo)' lo-,d. for vuhicb,.
(e) Thuse >1111 bo lettored
p for
V for vt1hiel.'l.:i '
S,for ;;mel .
th<Jso class,.. , ' '
,\ ,,(2) COpifJ3 c.f the Unloacling Plan nnd the umdi.ne; _TctbL.; for
be submitted to U-4 s<liling.
J?r UdDon:
a,_<.: :Conft;:rence of ArmYJ Nnvy, nnd Marine Commanders on ench ,ship.
,'_''T',_:':(l):,,Mu&t be huld iJnJnediateiy upon cOlOplotion ofprelintinary'
dufi'<l',,,,,.oqatcawith putting to soa
.': '. ... -/2') :Lho purpoae of this conferonci!l is '-' .
:(<0 To phJ'sically acqu;unttilu
.',(b) To sottle--beyond question.of rnisunderst'lnding certain 1
'1(l. -.connection_with the' compl.)te oporationa. -
'!J) , will norlMliy be.
\ CO ,of tl"ooP:J.
C,O O!, land:inr, tuaras.
CO of iJ'ach 'liinding wave.
TQH.
Anfr;,r Gun J.n. ,
OperR,ti'ng', staffs:"'of officers,
Navy. Ships ,-,
CO pf , " '
NA.vF.tl -,who calls Dlilpty bo,"l,ta alongside.,
.
NnVH1"Gt!nire' Ln -, , '
,taf!s of above_ officors,'
Uar.lnc3f , in a,f}.;i.RlsQlr
, tor;tithar 1?-.fJI1Y'- Qr,nilyY' personnel, '
- Ul'ted''''bovo;' " ,"',," '.', '
lU,i' ImPl'rtnntpqilj,to to be d.fi!1itelY "'tt;todl ' ,',
10ClM,oll o.t' t)1a, boa!,,, "
RJiOUr.:-How y{ill :innqun.cod,- of t1im
e

Control. o.f rJ.", of b""ts,enrouto to booch.

support. .
c_nicationo.
I'.thod
amUFtI
'Norma;l },.;' I(ota,'
Colonel, '. -'.,
Chief o(St,tr.
,s. B. ~ ~ l , , . '
G-,J.>.;- ~ . ' , <,
IJ,N
o
-----
ro
i IC.
AN/lEX TO SOP
Ship-to-phore Operations
SHOHE PARTIES
:::':;/,'.,.
:1..Sh.oI'eParty;
':;',a:i;--Tlw"terr. "shore partytr.is normally used to designate the
provided to the landing of a reinforced
. regi)nenh
, ..' b. 'It' the logical agp.n,CY ,established to facilitate the land-
ing-or and supplies and to arrange facilities to permit a speeqy
of supplies (lnd ..:..:: ...
c. It consists of both milital'Y'and naval,persormel_
In the case of an isolated landing'the Shore Party is attached
to the reinforced regiment for the period of landing.
-6'. In the case where .landings aremade on contiguous beaches,
command of shore parties wilLremain under the commander of
the land forces. (The Forca Engineer, in this case, is the Shore Parties
CO","ander)
.\,; ?'. Sphere of Action;
..Shore Party1a sphere .of action is the boach assigned to
.b" .;'TQ.e' 'rtidius of operation inland, other than for-sigrull opera'tions,
'. ,..tabUshed denni te'Y. .'
,.,."",:,,'.(1), Nonnally itwill not extend beyond t mile inland.
J;,,' , ".'
:.',.. ,.>,. 3., tYI
Party Commander is responsible to the senior troop
'tltf:3 i'one as prescribed by the Force Co.nunander',
EixerQises coritrol ot all activities in the. immediate beach
by the. troop' operating forward from'
,tl)e1ooa<:h" ..
"<'>'('"v":" ',\'
" :r4>CanPosition.
a< Drawn from force combat engineer regiment (aignal
. .'
,_.', " .,.; 'b. Detachments -from each (AP).
- '-, ,
: COIIIlMod.-- Vested in the COlTlllanding Officer of the,military
the Shore Party. (Should be a Lt. Col. or a llajor)
>.;/,',2:,,6,. Dut"i'es.
'a. ,:The' combined Shore-Party'functions in accord with the general
,prfncIple.s in 'FI'P 167 and F)( 31-5. It will include the following general
tar.ik:i:
(1) Assist in landing and hauling off of
(2) Mark hazards to navigatiop in the vicinity'of the beach.
Remove underwater and,be&ch obstructions,

'Control boat ,!:-ra.f!ic in,the vicinity ofthe beach. "
(5) !lark landing beache.; ,
.(6). Conatruct.landing racill,ties.
(7) Establish unloading landing beacllos.
(8) Unl,,,,,d the. ...teriel of landing force from smallcraft.
(9). Eftect emers.nay b""t repairs.
::.>"::-:';>',i:-;-:: (19) . 'casualties t'o ships in accordance
and 4lnding Force medical ..,.. -'
' Establish communication with adja.cent' shore .
' Maintain commu,nications with- naval task
ashore'as necessary . 'o;.;,:
l<oi.h:,_ .,' c.-,"- ,: _ '
o
.7,.,
,a. Iii UtIjl!y'. . . .'
. '- . .,:" ('ll';",OnEi"oattaUon, Engineers
'(2)'- .Norn,,';l attaohments .. .
., FrOl1l H& S Company; .Ri,gt. (c)
-ll"'jor or;Capt (Execut.ive) ! .
. " 1 Lt. - 'l' ,;.. "
.'} ,,-<,:.)' _, ''-Cqrnmand Group
6 Runners .J
.2 Motor .vofuelo._
From AmphibiO\lS Sighal Company
2. Lts _ .r
. ".40 Enli.ted man... _.'
. (tptal, 2'oftie...';, ',8onl1.tedmen)
From .each transport CAP).' . ...1.. 'C ",- " ...".,,,..,"WI'
" , 1 Chief of Sect!on ,and ;Asw:stant
, :"1R,Jlrler . " '." -..'. . ,(.." .;.. .>...,.....

1 Chiof Boatswains nate .
.3 Boatswains
1 Signa:tman 3/c"
. ,30,Seamen, l/e 9r.2/c
1 Radioman, l/c
1 Carpenters 'Mats, l/e
1,Shipfitter,l/c
} Firemen, 2/c or )/c
l'Pharmacist llata l/c
1 Hospital apPrentice l/C
. 1 Ships cook 2/c :' .
. .'c ..:.Oeneral NOte'51 '. -" ", ..
'. -'"(1), The shore party be 'divided into two
in case of reinforced battalions landi
. (2) Naval components: -come .f.r.cm the Transport
mi11t4ry elements are . .

racl;.L110105 from'shoro-to-ahip.
Notel'

,'"::' , " _ L ,0)
lFIED

Gl'!OUp. -- Exerc.i:;f;s -contro;L over. &11.. 5li.or.C;t':p9.r.ty

," an active_ si"ttuation ma}/,"I'-includs.s location of'

installati()ns . "contact,with troop
he operatas .-
Commurrlc"ti.on Saction,-- Jmintains with
-using -th:! Dosch with adjacont ahprs
a com',. un,i(!(l.t;"oo, cn thcl boa",hr.!s. Hainta'iM Anny
cOInl1unications' when requil"ud. Nav-3.1 comnl'lnica-
"
".i.hr. shore party cQmrounicfl"t.io.ils, handlos Naval
. in ODldrgelncics -OC?l"
"ilitary Bectlpn...... Uutntains"or !dr, controls
. handlt-Is pri Goners of 'Nat, and controlD'traffic. (Full
t :1s iI2 "part .:to' ai'icJ'""Festr1ct
:tra".flIC In ,area .- operatloos '!!ill -
'ili!i of' ""P.E.!.les). .
. :. '; (4) Lv,lson'S.cHon.-- All porsonn"l to bo f'1UlI1l1ar witic the
__ and r'3adv to incOIJ)lng porsQlU1tJl' forvm.rd I)lquirod'.
,: >'--- (5) .Salt"age Soction.-- lia.u13 ant vohicles find sUI_plies,
.' .,r(Jpair:;j to 9l.j,uiproont:' and vf.Jhicbc dfun;.tt;.iJd it:l-landing.,
")"""_ ',_ ,(5) Gimeral Sf;:lction.-- R(;'sponsible for'roads and
':-ra.mPS- within thcl bea'ch art:la. Hovo::! across and forward
Naval groupsI d,uti-.;st
l) Control bORt pool.
2) Ropair hoats.
{
,',3) clear.
(4) rarl: beaches and channols.
(5) ... liaison with nnd from troop

/' , . (6) , 'l'ransfer'casual tJtlS to ambulancv boats.
;.:::,.,.:;:.<.. .. '.-" '.... .. {7l CQntrol ux,ohange of equiJlZD.lJnt...
&:ibarl' PW' 0 for transf,r to sht;<s.
.;;and supplios and oquipm'lnt to high line.
::t:'),::,.' R..l:lpollslbl(;l for communication, shoro-t,o-ship, to. b.ollt
poat!:!,..' . , '
.;'I'" .. t1 1 b t
. ,. . ,'f '. on ro sa s. ' ,
, , ..:<-, "I, "
" ....Y_': ',.' rhtring .'of" cOl'Ibat, o]Y'.,lrations must be adjusted
-L'};li :'tbe' 1-ntGr'03ot . of Shors' Party is responsi bl'J
.. ad.1uctm..mtB 'lire made.: Doctrinal 11m1tatioM on thu aSDign-
wiLL'nqt a ranson for failure.
,- ',- - -"

.,:;;; .. a .}lilitilrY' . '
E.rlaineQr .,.- ;md plAtoon, tools cllrried
t,o.ols. follow. un:jfjr " lO'iia: pr.i.?rity,
F"":'-' .,'(2) PQr.onn"l laM. fully armed OUpphdd Wlth ....unitJ,on
!tIl.iItlapqna.: .. , ' ... .
";':l:.. . :rod for ..
earliest'pract1",.blo hour. (TrActors .er
. po 'landed,oilX"ly to roi ,pher.
,;,.1\"', '-"'," <:'. ,',':, '''', ,._"l",:_,.., _,'- ",:'
..-: .',
- tJt.D OoL htJ, " ' I ,,:' . r'::;''::<,:'':''''; ,
\1tor.llI'PJ.y f.Jna
t
, l;"nrjod pri07' to, ('
into duops.
o
- (6),;Regiment"i
party to' aUgI!lc;!nt the .eC<:Lqtl. eqlLLpllldII",[01
.t:9,r intra"beach conununication. , ,I'
e' ","-:-:-,(7) S)locinl per.onnol eq1!ipmont
ashore-'as l'ndividual equipntmt.,, ..;
,(8) A sound truck 10" t.be '".signed to each she"..
In'a:ddttion,<nt least six )0 inch,m!l:lgaphQnos.:a.re to be
, ',(9)
to shore partiasro' , . . " .. , '
b. Naval:.
(1) Bring .!lahore special erluipn.:mt R.ssignpd .
(2) A S 001,11 chack inust th:>.t navrll
proper equ
10. HeBS Arrang(Jments:
a. The personnel of th.) p.1.rty is resp:m,u.,""
11. "kJ.'.lch Seeurityt _ ' -
'rhd Shore Party Cocinander rE;lsponsibln to the . "<''',
coumandGr for security of the bmlch.
b'. ImlJk;di,'lte steps l'dll bti tn.)ren to site r.l'\chino guns
and nIr. of be"ch
!1ftws and road blocks prep'lred, and AT W-!ria
ht:ach security.. '
'd. Air,smd ground will btl
c. A plnn for dnense of too bench agAinstJl
will'&,) m1.do at th.) earli(;;lst practicable hour by 'the Shore-
(1'1 lIt: "will ktlep the seidor caMk1.oder'using
as to the tlituation in drd:lr th',t th03 lR.t.tet' cemm.ltrlder
the assignnlQfit of n.dditional troops and fRcilit.ies fOl'
".lZ. Desfgnatlon of Benchesl
El. ,: Beaches will bo df:Jsign'lttld by the }I'orce
(Iecl.,-Yflllow, blue, green, etc.). . ,,. .
(1) 1hev w:f.ll b(;! r>vtrted by shor1, with
colorep '(intermittent) or l1ghts.
_,. '(2)''ibo 'p'lcit'1c point for ouppll."
wtll\>a,mark"d,by tho',hare p.ortY wi th,nappropriato p",m"IIt./#i1',
'lTlarker, to btl publish-Jd by 0-4 in' 8ministrfl.t1vc ord.:r9.,\
13 Control.
Bench'-control pn:J.,s0.,q, to tho Forco C0ll1T14ndtir
his hcadqunrtors,1\5 hore. , , -'
, (1) this time att,'crn.cnt to r'lg1mollts' (ot"'
o
;='j ED
AIII;EX TO SOP
(Ship to Shore Operations)
The Quartermaster (TQll)

a. '.TQAPs are cOIw.l!ss1oned ..officers assigned to duty on the basis of
OUf;J per,shiP to plan and supervise the loading and unloading.
(1) .They are primarily under the direction of 0-4.
(2) They alSQ serve is members of the, at,affs of GOIS of troops
on the,ships to-which assigned. ......:
(3) Each TQ),! will one NCO assistant and one clerk typist.
'2'. Quties prior to departure ,for port:
a'.' Report ,to G-lt for Obtair. following;.
(1) Ship to which assigned.
(2), Units to ombark thereon.
. (3) Name of the CO of troops.
. .{4}. SecJll'e' characteristic .heets, hO,ld and profile pliltlS,of
"': :.-'.' ,the ship
b;''.stUdy FM 31-5.
"," ':','" ":(1)' Including appendicies I to IV incl.
:"-;'.'.;:.'.'.' ".::.:.-::. ae..port to th,e G.o of troops request that unit'personnel and
(p & 'T tables) be by each CO.
;:y:'-"'; +). Advise: and a.ssist in their prepar-ation,"if necesBEiry.
. /,:";,,,,',"\,..(2) Secure the:le tables from the CO of troops after approval
by him. . .'
P '& T ta.bles from the company to,the
...., ,. '. "
any inip,rmation'available as to the tactical'plan.' \
, -'<-": -I) Discuss with the CO of tI:'OOpS regarding_the effect on loading
''_:' ,:(1'._ the- CO of troops his desir,ed de.barkation'priority
for'p,er:Jormel" materiel,'and equipment.
Obtain from 0-4. ,
".<', .'(1) list of reserve supplies to be loaded,.
" '. (2) Probable priority of unloading.
,( >, Time of Ill'ri val at Port of Embarkation of from
. -,.;'-':" variouS sources, to be loaded.
'-. :.-,)"n",,', )Jrepe 'WlloadinG' plans in conjunction with the. landing table
by the landing'teamoncerned.
.. , (1)'8ase unloaqing plans 'on'
(a) Administrative order for the landing.
(b) Nwnber and type 01' landing cr:ll't available.
(c) The tactical plan.
(d) The plan of priorit.ies 01' the CO of troops.
(e) The p'riority desircd by ror unloading reserve supplies.
(2) These plans will be made up into unloading serials based on
leA loads for personnel, and LCY loads for vehicles.
(a) will be lettered as follows:
P for Personnel
v for Vehicles
S for Supplies
. (b) They will be numbered seriallywi thin eacbcli'Sa.
''o<'','C'''''' en. Subinit a copy of ,the unloading,:plan. to 'before sailing.
frOlQ. the CO of troops a list lnduplicate" of ,V'eh:iclep- to
:i- organization, type" and U.S. roglstration Submit
sailing. '.
officer designated and proceed with him
?f Embarkation., , "f"
o
.' , ",
.. ,on at'the'port!."'" "
aboard ship and go', over,'stowage plans Wl.m',,1W:I
CO of troops- of neceBscal"y chcmges to
COIldit1:<'I'lII'on the ship. '.
Re'qUl,re the billeting officer to ct.nW' uP,
to approval, for ship!, 'guard, m.3SSJ 'q:
Ar:rlltla. for. mossins oftrobps. a..s th,ey.'arrive ..
, .,' ReqUire billeting officer to assign spaces for
.:1n accord'With troop unloading priority.. Billot tr'oops
equipm.:mt.. .,
f. Check to see that s'llppli"'9 to b<l loaded'are U'
i. See,thllt micJssary cargo nets, vehiclos,'slings',
Ii. Check at the Port.:.
- (1) freight cars are' tQ ba spotted.
(2) Completeness r;J1d availnbility 6,f'res,,,rve
(3) Pnrking SPlI;Cd for .ychicles to bl:: loaded.
(4) Facilit.ies for 'loading.
i. Prciparr) of, purl for the
2 - Division 0-4
1 - co of troops
1 - w;
1 - CO of company.
suffic.ient copies of Stow.:lgo Plan for 'the
1
bution.
2 - Division 0-2
1 - CO ot troops
1 - 1'<11
1 - CO of tromsport company
1 - Each NCO checking loads.
1- Ships 1st Lt.
1 ... Cargo officer. ' 1," )\'_
Note:. Show vehiclos by typoJ org.;\nizatton, r;gistrlltibn p,Q;mber,.
, unloadinc priority, in hold. ,,'",:,'"
k. Upon arrival of the tr.:msport (Stevedore) Co.;
dutIes
and assign checkers,and loading dat.1ils to each .'l
1,
.Arrnnge of cars.
, ,'
.4. Duties "during embarkation: . _ ," _
n. Act "Liaison'Officer between' eo-'of Sh"iP Dnd
0. Check'serinl- comm'3.l1dor to seo ,are
ta.gged, and . '. .'._ ,..F j':'
c, Mako f!.equent to s\t'a thllt loading 1s,
in unloading plan. : .'....-,>..i
d. Check, t.o seeth.tsupplies intended for the .hip oro
a. Nat1!'y,the officer in chtU'ge of vehicles as to. the'
vehicles are to t:>row:,ht- to the ship for
f. Keep tlre- CO pi:iro,opa. inform.)d as t,o the status,Of
Upon of lo[<.ding ,prepare- stOllage_,pla,n:.
reference in locat-1on' of_ cargo.." ", .'" 1
. Check to insure'safety precautions regarding gas and
compliedwith. . .',
'.!.:.SUbmit one copy,of the fo.llov:ing to-G-L"befbre sriil1(lgf
'" (1)' r.,nding Table. ""_"",,,A
,:(2 ,Loading Plan.
,U),:Hold StoT/age,Plan
(4) ;Vehicle LIst,
,'( 5r'UnloEiciing Plan,
5. Dutios priorto debarkation:
Prepare dotailed plan for>each hold based on
l.mder',paragraph 2 h,
(1) \Then unloadIng plan;, """0
,copy to ship executive..

lED
ED
'-. .
,':"Xnl?truot hOld chzckers on the unloading pi their holds and'furnish
w1tr-a' copy of unloading plan for their holds.
.,'\"'0;'" '-Issueto troops, just prior to debarkation, tha amoW1ts of rations,
',anun#tiQn',etc J as called for by the administrative
,;'.'" "." -.'
',-. . -:':-6. -Duties during debarknti'on:
0.. '.uaintain running list of all troops and equipm;;:nt sent ashore.
(1) Include time, _bout type,
-:,:!i"'" Keep 00 of troops informed on the 'status of un.loadins.
, ' Send by the 'fastest m<3.:lns available, two'(2) hour interval!
'starting'at'H hour, to th3 Uivi3ion 0-4 the in this

(1) Code of snip
(2) ,Time ,of report in terms ,of H hour plus.
(:3) up" folloWl3d by unloading pl:lOJ number of l.ost'personnel
serial unloaded. '
(4) "V" followed by unloo.di)1g plan number of last vuhicle
s'3rial unloaded.
(5) "sn (S;unc as above for supplies)..
(6) nAil [allov/cd byt:ot>ll pumber.of LCA's actually working
.the shin.
(7) nMII follovlod by total number of lCU'5 actually working
tho ship;
(8) "X
n
follov{ed by a brief st.::.tement of arry difficulties or'
.sP9c1a1 matt3rs.