I feel that there is progress happening everywhere in the world today.

Not
all progress is from new advancements in science and technology but a lot
of it is. There is so much knowledge held amongst people to allow such
advancements to occur. Having knowledge is a great tool because without
it, there would be no progress of any sort. People need to learn that they
should study as much as possible so maybe one day they can contribute to
making more progress happen. Achieving progress is a helpful way of
improving our standard way of living. ven though progress is a good thing,
I also feel that it can cause problems too. People !ust need to reali"e that in
order to produce new and better things we might have to go through some
rough times on the way. New advancements will continually be arising in the
future and hopefully somebody one day will find away to make it so these
new advancements will not contain new problems.
#achinery today keeps on getting better and better. New discoveries in
technology allow us to improve the $uality of our machinery so their
performance level is better than some might have e%pected. These new
technologies also make it a lot easier on people in the workforce. New
technologies have a huge affect on society. &armers, for e%ample, have it a
lot easier now than they did in the early '())*s. #ore advanced farm
e$uipment is the reason for this. Aside from all the good things that arise
from new machinery, there is also a few down falls. #any people loose their
!obs because of all the new high+tech machinery. &or this reason, I am sure
some believe that progress is not always for the better. ,hat if in the future,
machinery started dominating everyone*s !ob, what would we do then- Also
at certain times, new advancements are used in the wrong way. &or
e%ample, it was stated in .eo #ar%*s article that because of these new
technology advancements, /Hiroshima and the nuclear threat0 pollution and
other kinds of damage inflicted upon the environment by advanced
industrial societies0 spectacular accidents like 1+mile Island, 1hepal, the
e%plosion of the space shuttle 2hallenger.../ all happened. I believe that
some are afraid of progress and new advancements for the main reason
that they are not educated on how the progress will help us. #aybe if they
became educated they will not be so opposed to new ideas.
Progress is going to continue as long as modern technology and science
keep growing. 3utcomes from progress can usually be foreseen as positive,
but negative aspects also might occur. Progress can help make the path
into the future a better one to travel on. .ike I said before, I believe
knowledge is the key to progress. The more people know the more they can
contribute to society as a whole.
Progress It started with pureness, then became sin. It didn4t matter to
people, they didn4t follow. Ignorance, immorality, we !ust got worse. 5ntil,
one day He made a rainbow. It started all over again. Now people had to
care. If they kept up their bad habits, they knew their future. 6o onward we
went, our intelligence grew. Aristotle to 2opernicus, I thought we were the
center7- Then 8epler wrote Harmony of the 6pheres. I didn4t read it. 9id
you- 1ut Newton it was who discovered 8epler4s three laws. How are things
put in orbit- No one really cares. ,e keep getting smarter but does anyone
notice- It4s taken for granted, I think I4ll live. instein arrived with his cra"y
ideas. I forgot, what are they again- Humans progressed to things they
could never imagine. ,e landed on the moon, but do your remember
when- Now we4re here with electronics and computers. verything is digital.
No one seems to care. Not many appreciate the progress that has led us
here. 1ut when will it start all over again- +:ames Hanson ;Please use this
poem only as a reference. Thanks.<
The successful company will be driven to increase stakeholder value and
profitability while creating a working environment that encourages and
nurtures
the growth of personal creativity and development as well as nurturing a
sense
of well+being for all members of the organi"ation. ,hen dealing with the
forces
that drive industry competition, a company can devise a strategy that takes
the
offensive. This posture is designed to do more than merely cope with the
forces
themselves0 it is meant to alter their causes. The IT professional*s role in
competitive market intelligence The IT professional is increasingly being
called
upon to be a sleuth in the $uest for the competitive market intelligence that
is
so necessary to support the enterprise*s overall business strategy. In
today*s
fast+changing marketplace, it is essential to monitor the techni$ues of
similar
businesses, and IT is being called upon to fulfill that functional need. IT
must
provide marketing with answers to
The Internet is a method of communication and a source of
information that is becoming more popular among those who are interested
in, and have the time to surf the information superhighway. The problem
with much information being accessible to this many
people is that some of it is deemed inappropriate for minors. The
government wants censorship, but a segment of the population does not.
,ithin this e%amination of the topic of, =overnment Intervention of the
Internet, I will attempt to e%press both side s of this issue.
9uring the past decade, our society has become based solely on the
ability to move large amounts of information across large distances
$uickly. 2omputeri"ation has influenced everyone*s life. The natural
evolution of computers and this need for ultra+fas t communications has
caused a global network of interconnected computers to develop. This
global net allows a person to send +mail across the world in mere
fractions of a ...
The technology which surrounds almost everyone in the modern society,
affects both work and leisure activities. Technology contains information that
many would rather it did not have. It influences minds in good and bad
ways, and it allows people to share information which they would otherwise
not be able to attain. ven if a person does not own a computer or have
credit cards, there is information on a computer somewhere about
everyone. The technology which is !ust now beginning to be manipulated
and harnessed is affecting the minds of small children and adolescents in
ways that could be harmful. It is affecting our immediate future. It also gives
another form of communication and e%change of information which was not
available before, information that is both good and bad.
Technology is one of the principal driving forces of the future0 it is
transforming our lives and shaping our future at rates unprecedented in
history, with profound implications which we can*t even begin to see or
understand. #any different elements affect how satisfied we are with our
lives. The impact of technology on these elements can change how safe,
healthy and happy people feel.
,ireless technology was little more than !ust a distant idea for the ma!ority
of ordinary consumers ten years ago. However, it has e%ploded over recent
years with the use of >= phones and wireless home computing increasingly
commonplace.
It would be foolish to suggest that wireless communication has reached its
peak. ,hilst mobile phones and home computing will continue to be the
ma!or focus in the $uest for ever increasing sophistication within the
technology, new applications are emerging daily.
3ne company, 6ecurecom Technologies, based in Ireland, have been at
the forefront of harnessing wireless technologies in the area of personal
safety. They already have a number of products in the marketplace
designed to enable users to activate an alarm signal to a remote emergency
centre wirelessly. Their 1enefon range of applications are used by
vulnerable elderly people, lone workers and ?IPs to increase their sense of
security and ability to effortlessly get in touch with help at the touch of the
button.
They are now in the process of developing P@56
'
, which stands for
*Personal 6afety 6ystem 5tilising 6atellite combined with merging
Technologies*. The Peruse pro!ect will develop a ,ireless Personal Alarm
;,PA< solution which will be carried by or worn on a person and will allow
the user to summon help at the touch of a button. ,hen the alarm has been
activated, the ,PA will transmit a low power signal to a satellite
communications headset which will forward a message to an authorised
number. This will include the identity of the person in distress, as well as
their current location. However, the ingenuity of the technology goes further
as it will also have the potential to transmit the user*s current state of health
and local environmental parameters.
It is envisaged that the recipient of the users 636 signal will be a fully
e$uipped mergency #onitoring 2entre to whom the user will have
previously given full instructions as to the steps they would wish to have the
2entre take on their behalf in the event of an emergency.
There are two core components that are in the development phase. The
wireless personal alarm ;,PA< and a *dongle* which provides the handset
for satellite communication use which will have a low power wireless link to
the ,PA.
The important issues here are that the two components will need to take
into account si"e, cost, accuracy of location and battery autonomy. The
main benefits will be that the device will be able to be worn or carried on a
person discreetly. This makes it ideal for professions such as personal
security, where the ability to communicate a message $uickly and without
fuss can often be of paramount importance. It will herald a new era in
satellite communication. No longer will the user have to tap a keypad to
enter a number nor will they have to move the handset for optimal signal
strength prior to sending an emergence message. This technology will be
invaluable to professions such as mountain rescue and will also be a
tremendous benefit to those who en!oy hiking and climbing in the course of
their leisure pursuits where conventional mobile phone technology can often
be rendered useless.
There are currently no known competitors for this potentially life saving
technology for which 6ecurecom has filed for both Irish and uropean
Patent Applications. Prototypes have already been manufactured and pilot
programmes and laboratory tests are well under way.
5,1 ;5ltra ,ide 1and<
A
is another e%ample of emerging wireless
technology. Alongside traditional wireless uses, 5,1 can also detect
images through solid ob!ects, such as people on the opposite side of a wall.
This has led to an e$ual number of supporters and opponents.
Although 5,1 can be used for consumer applications in a similar fashion to
1luetooth technology such as cable elimination between a P2 and its
peripheral e$uipment, the more interesting applications focus on its *radar
*like imagery. These applications could be used to find people trapped in a
burning building, locating hostages and captors behind a thick wall and
finding ob!ects such as those that might be buried in the ground.
Heightened security at airports and other public buildings can use 5,1
technology to detect weapons on people and bombs in luggage and
packages. In this age of heightened security, post (B'', the benefits of this
emerging technology should not be understated.
A few companies have started to develop 5,1 products, including
Ctreme6pectrum, Time 9omain and Aether ,ire. Ctreme6pectrum is
developing products to enable the sending and receiving of multiple streams
of digital audio and video for both battery powered and other consumer
devices such as digital cameras, 9?9s, 9?@s, camcorders, #P> players
and set top bo%es. Time 9omain has developed a 5,1 chip set targeting
three core technologiesD wireless communication, precision location and
tracking, and high definition portable radar whilst Aether ,ire is working on
miniature, distributed+position location and low data+rate communication
devices. 3ne of its goals is to develop coin si"ed devices that are capable of
localisation to centimetre accuracy over kilometre distances.
However, privacy violation is one of the ma!or concerns of the technology*s
opponents. Any technology that can *see* through solid ob!ects can be used
for illegal purposes as well as legitimate ones. In theory, a 5,1+enabled
system could *look through* the walls of a house to locate valuable ob!ects
and could detect when the occupants are not at home. 6upporters,
however, could rightly point out that this is a dilemma shared by many
technologies that are used to enhance public safety + the !uggling act
between increased security versus decreased personal freedom. It could be
argued that baggage searches at airports via %+ray and metal detection are
common e%amples of us giving up privacy for better security, a price most
people are willing to pay.
No other area is more at the forefront of the emergence of innovation in
wireless technology than space e%ploration. &uture missions to nearby
planets like #ars will re$uire space communication technologies that can
provide an interplanetary satellite and navigation infrastructure via space
systems that are far more compact and efficient than seen ever before. A
longer term commitment will be necessary to resolve the challenges of
efficient planetary communication due to the increase in distances involved
as space e%ploration ventures further out into the solar system. To support
planetary e%ploration, techni$ues developed for arth+bound usage will be
transferred to other planets as well. %ploration of #ars, for e%ample, will
re$uire a high accuracy positioning capability such as a *#artian =P6* as an
aid to e%ploratory roving vehicles.
This very day, the *#ars 6pirit* space rover continues to send data back to
arth, almost 'E months after it touched down on the red planet, surviving
more than F times its e%pected mission length. 3ne day it is highly likely that
we may see astronauts walking on #ars carting around wi+fi enabled P2s.
In a remote Ari"ona meteor crater, NA6A has already begun testing a
mobile wi+fi system that could enable those on a #ars mission to easily
deploy wireless data connectivity at a transmission rate of !ust more than a
megabit per second over a A s$uare mile area, and then change that
coverage area at will through the use of mobile access points, making it
entirely feasible to e%plore different terrain on any given day.
Tropos Networks
>
developed the technology which NA6A has adopted
whereby the astronauts could have inter+connectivity via a three node mesh
network. They would first establish a base communications station near
their spacecraft and then set up an thernet connection between that base
and a main access point. Then each node in the network would pick up its
wireless connectivity from the access point.
Testing is still in its infancy and there is some way to go before astronauts
would be strutting their stuff on #ars and communicating wirelessly with one
and other and with mission control in this way.
However, the #ars 6pirit space rover is still sending back images and data
from the red planet today, relying heavily on wireless technology to do so. It
may appear that these vehicles have been designed solely for the purpose
of space e%ploration but closer scrutiny reveals applications that could also
be modified and used on arth. 5nlike, say, a car manufacturing robot
which knows where and when the engine or body appears on the assembly
line, the #ars rovers are working in an unstructured and unknown
environment. As a result, the rovers have had to learn about their new home
through their own sensors, including a set of nine cameras on each rover.
The rovers have two navigation cameras for a >9 view of their
surroundings, two ha"ard avoidance cameras for a >9 view of nearby
terrain and panoramic cameras to capture the images of the planet*s
surface. However, the rovers cannot !ust look around them, process the
images and know where to go. Neither can the mission controllers on arth
grab a !oystick and start steering the rovers whilst watching images being
beamed back from thousands of miles away. A key reason is processing
power. The central processor in each rover has a top speed of A) #H".
Instead, during the #artian night, while a rover is *asleep*, a team on arth
with much more powerful computers programs its activities for the day
ahead, and then sends basic instructions on where to go and how to get
there. Along with taking pictures, each rover is e%amining the planet with
several instruments on a robotic arm. The arms have *shoulder*, *elbow* and
*wrist* !oints for manoeuvrability and are e$uipped with four sensorsD a
microscopic camera for close up pictures of rocks, an alpha particle % ray
spectrometer for determining the mineral content of rocks, another
spectrometer for detecting iron and a rock abrasion tool for cutting through
the layer of o%idation that forms on the surfaces of #artian rocks. As with
the movement of the rovers, the arms are controlled mostly via prepared
commands from mission control.
6ome observers have noted that some of these applications may prove
useful here on arth. &or e%ample, a robotic arm that doesn*t re$uire real
time human control might be good for disabled people who use wheelchairs
and can*t control a !oystick with their hands. 5sing its own sensors, it could
reach out and get things for the person in the wheelchair, for e%ample.
In addition, a robot that can deal with new and unknown environments might
save manufacturers money. In current factories with *robotic* workers, when
the company shifts to making a new product, the whole factory floor has to
be reconfigured and the robots reprogrammed to deal with the new
arrangement. A robot that could use feedback from sensors to figure out
where things are could adapt to changes by itself, saving the company the
time and effort of building a new structured environment and reprogramming
the robots.,ith all the emerging technologies around and, inevitably, with
more to come, the inevitable hurdle will be one of convergence and
integration as the IT industry seeks to develop the tools that will be most
sought after. Inevitably, there will be winners and losers.
However, there is no doubt that the wireless phenomenon is reshaping
enterprise connectivity worldwide and is definitely here to stay. 1usiness
needs information mobility for better customer interaction. mployees will be
even more e$uipped to perform their !ob functions from their workplace of
choice and, though this sounds like utopia, a societal change from office
based to *wherever they feel like being* based might con!ure up an horrific
vision of the future for company leaders who have en!oyed the traditions of
having all their employees working from under the same roof.
Another ma!or issue has to be one of security. There are many issues when
it comes to security over wireless networks. ,ireless networks do not follow
the rules of traditional wired networks. #any times, the signals are carried
far beyond the physical parameters they are meant to be controlled within
making it easier to intercept signals and capture information.
There will also be the $uestion posed of what happens to the have nots- +
Those people and developing countries in particular that don*t have the
resources to wirelessly interact with others. The same thing could be said
about the Internet itself but satellites could alleviate that problem far more
$uickly than the ability to put broadband connections in every office and
home throughout the world.
Another ma!or hurdle has to be that business and society can only adapt at
a certain pace. Technology evolves far more $uickly and there may be
many a product developed for which the demand is not yet there. 1ut the
mobile phone and P2 market driven by what the consumer wants will
determine what the future of wireless holds.1ut there is no $uestion that
wireless communication is here to stay and will grow even more.
6igns of the new wireless technologies abound. 2onsumers are setting up
wireless local area networks ;,.AN6< in their homes. These allow multiple
computers to hook up to one fast internet connection or laptop users to
connect from the comfort of their sofa or back garden patio. Away from
home, *Hotspots* that permit wireless connection to the internet are popping
up everywhere, in book stores, coffee shops, airports and even pubs. ,ithin
the ne%t year, airlines are e%pected to announce the availability of wi+fi
during flights. However, until there is increased competition in the market
place, this new epoch will be there for the privileged few as opposed to the
mass market who will still be relying solely on their mobile phones for
wireless connectivity on the move. It remains to be seen whether the new
generation of >= phones has arrived too late to push aside wi+fi and it*s
even conceivable that mobile phone companies could one day find
themselves obsolete unless they look for new ways to attract and retain
customers.
1ut issues like security, along with the problems of cost, intrusion on privacy
and identifying such things as hotspot locations is not going to hold wireless
communication and technology back. In the end, there will always be
solutions to problems and wi+fi is no different in this respect.
9avid @eed, an ad!unct professor at #IT*s #edia .ab in 2ambridge,
#assachusetts has been studying the future of wireless communications.
He draws a comparison with the new wi+fi revolution with that of the
*paperless society* which was often mooted in offices and homes all over the
world with the advent of the P2. He said, The market will push us towards a
wireless future. People love paper but I can*t find a single person who can
say that about wires.
F
As more wi+fi systems are developed which will, in turn, drive the cost down
it will become an increasingly less disruptive way to communicate in the
future and it will become very difficult for anything else out there to compete
with that.
The decade of the '(E)*s saw an e%plosion in computer technology and
computer usage that deeply changed society. Today computers are a part
of
everyday life, they are in their simplest form a digital watch or more
comple%ly
computers manage power grids, telephone networks, and the money of the
world.
Henry =runwald, former 56 ambassador to Austria best describes the
computer*s
functions, GIt enables the mind to ask $uestions, find answers, stockpile
knowledge, and devise plans to move mountains, if not worlds.H 6ociety
has
embraced the computer and accepted it for its many powers which can be
used for
business, education, research, and warfare.
The first mechanical calculator, a system of moving beads called the
abacus, was invented in 1abylonia around I)) 12. The abacus provided
the fastest
method of calculating until 'JFA, when the &rench scientist Pascal invented
a
calculator made of wheels and cogs. The concept of the modern computer
was...
he Internet in a vast computer+based medium for communication and
information,
transmitted through a modular phone line, that is available to everyone. The
Internet allows access
to millions of pages of information. This Gworld of informationH is also
referred to as the ,orld
,ide ,eb ;,,,<.It was developed in '(E( by nglish computer scientist
Timothy 1erners+.ee
to enable information to be shared among internationally dispersed teams of
researchers at the
uropean .aboratory for Particle Physics near =eneva. I doubt he had any
idea of the magnitude
of his invention or the impact it would make on daily living. Now the ,eb is
involved through
hundreds of systems. These systems enable computer users to view and
interact with a variety of
information, including articles, library access, world news, business, and
downloadable software.
It has become a valid tool in technology advancement, and
...technology is all around us. very where you go you run into some type of
technology, whether you know it or not. Advancement in technology makes
everyday things easier than they have ever been before. 1ut as an evolving
society, new technologies are what drive the world todayD >= mobile
communications, ?oice over Internet Protocol, 1luetooth, and connecting
your home to the internet are the new driving forces, but where will they
take us-
>= mobile communications
>= is one of the latest technologies in mobile communication networks. Kou
might ask yourself, what is />=/. ,ell, >= means third generation. Analog
phones are considered first generation, digital phones are second
generation, and third generation is basically really fast digital phones.
According to phonescoop.com, >= offers high data speeds, always+on data
access, and greater voice capacity.
>= technology is primarily being used in mobile devices such as cell phones
and laptops. ,ith more bandwidth, >= offers many new services. 3ne of
which is video conferencing and video messaging. Another is the ability to
email large attachments including video email. 3ne company has already
!umped on board with >=. ?eri"on with its ?+2ast offers services such as,
streaming music videos, >9 video games, and news and entertainment
videos. ?+2ast is also going to offer T? shows e%clusively for your >=
phone. Another use of >= technology is for your laptop. 5sing a >= P2
card, you can connect to the internet and use applications that re$uire
broadband speeds.
The >= technology standards are dependent
upon the country. 9ifferent countries use different standards but all the
standards are compliant to the International #obile Telecommunication
A))) ;I#T+A)))< initiative from the International Telecommunications 5nion
;IT5<. In general there are only a few standards that represent urope,
:apan and North America,...
..vidence in support of each is plentiful0 however, it is the opinion of this
author that evidence in support of regionalisation has greater merit, at least
at the present time. This work will seek to critically analyse the article
written by @ichard 6tubbs entitled @egionali"ation and =lobali"ation where
the author makes compelling arguments for the case of regionalisation.
There are several points on which this work is to focus L the source of
regionalism and globalisation following the 2old ,ar, how regionalisation is
seen in respect of globalisation and the effect both have on national culture
and economic policy, and whether regionalisation can be perceived as a
step towards globalisation.
&ollowing the end of the 2old ,ar period, international relations became
more complicated once the predictability of the period was removed. This
coincided with the rapid e%pansion of telecommunication technology that led
to the effect of a much more open and social world. The new methods of
communication and social interaction overcame the constraints of space
and time and thus creating new opportunities in the marketplace0 for
e%ample, in cases of global production networks.
However, it is yet to be seen which method of a Mwider world* is preferable L
globalists suggest that globalisation is to be favoured due to the benefits
generated for the economy0 the sceptics to globalisation however, favour
regionalisation stating that globalisation erodes national identity and culture,
and that it is possible to preserve the benefits without having to globalise .
@ichard 6tubbs comments that regionalisation is regarded by some
governments as a defence to globalisation0 a way to take advantage of
some of the benefits of globalisation while retaining a semblance of control.
@egions can gather collective bargaining power through organisations
such as the 5, NA&TA, A&TA,...
...illegal trespass into the computer system or database of another,
manipulation or theft of stored or on+line data, or sabotage of e$uipment
and data./A. This includes both crimes using computers and crimes
against computers.
2yber+criminals can generally be put into the following categoriesD
N 2rackersD These individuals are intent on causing loss to satisfy some
antisocial motives or !ust for fun. #any computer virus creators and
distributors fall into this category.
N HackersD These individuals e%plore others* computer systems for
education, out of curiosity, or to compete with their peers. They may be
attempting to gain the use of a more powerful computer, gain respect from
fellow hackers, build a reputation, or gain acceptance as an e%pert without
formal education.
N PrankstersD These individuals perpetrate tricks on others. They generally
do not intend any particular or long+lasting harm. A large portion is
!uvenile.
N 2areer criminalsD These individuals earn part or all of their income from
crime, although they do not necessarily engage in crime as a full+time
occupation. 6ome have a !ob, earn a little and steal a little, then move on
to another !ob to repeat the process. In some cases they conspire with
others or work within organi"ed gangs such as the #afia. The greatest
organi"ed crime threat comes from groups in @ussia, Italy, and Asia. /The
&1I reported in '((I that there were more than >) @ussian gangs operating
in the 5nited 6tates. According to the &1I, many of these unsavory alliances
use advanced information technology and encrypted communications to
elude capture./F.
N #alcontents, addicts, and irrational and incompetent peopleD /These
individuals e%tend from the mentally ill to those addicted to drugs, alcohol,
competition, or attention from others, to the criminally negligent. In general,
they are the most difficult...
1usiness 6trategy
,hat role does strategic management play in the A'st century where
environmental analysis e%pects an element of stability, competencies take
time to develop, and competition re$uires fle%ibility that would make
strategic planning an everyday task-
Type the words Gcorporate strategyH or Gbusiness strategyH into any search
engine or embark on a book search in a library and you become confronted
with a vast array of opinion, definitions, business solutions and business
strategies currently or previously used by organisations.
5sually when researching a topic this would wonderfully helpful however, in
this case due to the broadness of the term and the unclear meaning and
necessity of corporate strategy all the information does not lead to any
definitive answer as to whether business strategy has played and important
role in business of previous years or has a role to play in the A'st 2entury.
...that the human race e%ists on earth about A)),))) years, first originating
in Africa, but now they inhabit every continent, with a total population of over
J.I billion people as of A))O. In addition, with the humans occupying the
planet, natural resources e%tinct, pollution increases, technology grows. In
today*s fast paced world, technological progress, changes, and advances
are happening everyday. 3ccasionally, the technological progress,
changes, and advances are both good and bad. &urthermore, human race
faces e%tinction threats and issues, which pulls out a $uestion if we can
save the world or not. The planet arth is a massive place0 one person
cannot possibly make a difference. However, if many people work at making
their town safer and healthier the planet as a whole can become safer and
better place to live. 6ince technology has occupied the world and our way of
life, there is no chance to get rid of it, and make the world more simple.
However, there is a hope for saving ourselves and our planet, if we accept
the modern technological progress, use the most of it, and prevent global
destruction.
,ith the entrance in the A'st century, technology is developing even more
rapidly, and marked progress in almost all fields of science and technology,
which has led to massive improvements to the technology we currently
possess. The rate of development in computers is only one e%ample at
which the speed of progress continues forward, leading to the speculation of
a technological spectacle occurring within this century. It can be foreseen
that technological progress is going to be the primary factor driving the
development of human civili"ation. ,hen it comes to technology, it is
thought as communications, writing systems, telecommunications and
mobile phones, animations, broadcasting, radio, radar, satellites, printing,
cinema, T?, and finally...
3nline communication can be defined as communication online using
communication technologies. 2ommunication technologies can be used to
supplement and enhance delivery of education. There are many forms of
communication technologies such as ;'< email0 ;A< telephone0 ;>< facsimile0
;F< audiographs0 ;I< video teleconferencing0 ;J< two+way interactive
television0 ;O< bulletin boards0 ;E< discussion boards0 ;(< asynchronous
forums Pthreaded discussionQ0 and ;')< synchronous chat Preal timeQ.
3nline communication allows for communication anywhere and anytime at
any place. It can decrease isolation and facilitate the learning process. A
sense of community can be achieved via asynchronous and synchronous
communication. Asynchronous forums allow for a history or thread of
discussions on a topic be recorded. @eplies and new postings can be
made within discussion threads. ,ithin one forum a series of conferences
or forum topics can be started. However, synchronous chat allows two or
more logged in users to have a real+time online conversation with all users
logging onto the same computer or via a network.
#ost of online learners hold another responsibility towards their !ob and
families. 3nline learners usually have difficulties in dividing their time and
commitment between their study, !ob and families. #ost of them tend to
spend more time with their !ob and families rather than their study. As a
result, the probability for them to get involve actively in communicating
online such as forum, online tutorial and discussion board are very low.
This is true as online learners tend to give an e%cuses of lack of time is the
main difficulties they faced when being asked the reason behind their
absent during online tutorial.
3nline learning is a way of learning that focus on releasing learners from
constraints of time and place whilst offering fle%ible learning opportunities.
Therefore, all the learning process depends on the students itself. It is hard
for...
The Internet as #ass #edium
;by #errill #orris and 2hristine 3gan, Indiana 5niversity.
#errill #orris is a doctoral candidate in the 6chool of :ournalism at Indiana
5niversity, 1loomington, and 2hristine 3gan is a professor, 6chool of
:ournalism, Indiana 5niversity. The authors would like to thank :ohn
Newhagen, 2arolyn Punitha, and .isbeth .ipari for their help with this
paper.<
The Internet has become impossible to ignore in the past two years. ven
people who do not own a computer and have no opportunity to /surf the net/
could not have missed the news stories about the Internet, many of which
speculate about its effects on the ever+increasing number of people who are
on line. ,hy, then, have communications researchers, historically
concerned with e%ploring the effects of mass media, nearly ignored the
Internet- ,ith AI million people estimated to be communicating on the
Internet, should communication researchers now consider this network of
networksP'Q a mass medium- 5ntil recently, mass communications
researchers have overlooked not only the Internet but the entire field of
computer+mediated communication, staying instead with the traditional
forms of broadcast and print media that fit much more conveniently into
models for appropriate research topics and theories of mass
communication.
However, this paper argues that if mass communications researchers
continue to largely disregard the research potential of the Internet, their
theories about communication will become less useful. Not only will the
discipline be left behind, it will also miss an opportunity to e%plore and
rethink answers to some of the central $uestions of mass communications
research, $uestions that go to the heart of the model of source+message+
receiver with which the field has struggled. This paper proposes a
conceptuali"ation of the Internet as a mass medium, based on revised ideas
of what constitutes a mass audience and a mediating technology. The
computer as a new communication...
he internet
The InternetD its effects and its future
ssay written by va 8otsi
Internet, its effects in our lives and the future of the InternetD
The Internet is, $uite literally, a network of networks. It is comprised of
ten thousands of interconnected networks spanning the globe. The
computers that
form the Internet range from huge mainframes in research establishments
to
modest P2s in people*s homes and offices. 9espite the recent hype, the
Internet
is not a new phenomenon. Its roots lie in a collection of computers that were
linked together in the '(O)s to form the 56 9epartment of 9efense*s
communications systems. &earing the conse$uences of nuclear attack,
there was no
central computer holding vast amounts of data, rather the information was
dispersed across thousands of machines. A set of rules, of protocols, known
as
T2PBIP was developed to allow disparate devices to work together. The
original
network has long since been upgraded and e%panded and T2PBIP...
1irth 3f 2ommunication
3utline
I. It is important to reflect one4s own national and cultural identity to
understand what is different among people of different nations. History
teaches us that culture always changes because of internal or e%ternal
influences, even our own cultures and values change over time. 3ur world
today is a world in which people from different nations and cultures are
getting closer and closer because of economical and political
reasons. 1ecause cultures are becoming closer, communication is the
most important $uality for anyone to work on if they want to work in the
international society. The history of communication and the relationships
that were formed in the early part of worldwide communication still reflect
the relationships held between nations today. The $uestion is how have
cultural differences evolved as technology increased- Although many
things have indeed changed in individual cultures and values, the
knowledge of how communications work ...
...to make decisions that are most beneficial for the company by looking at
the company4s current state and showing where the company may be C
years from today.
The gap analysis approach recommends that top management view IT as a
strategic implementation that re$uires a vision of the future organi"ation.
This is a three+step processD evaluating the current state of the organi"ation,
proposing a vision of the future, and conducting an analysis of the steps
necessary to achieve the future vision. &rom this, management can develop
and implement action plans that encompass all aspects of the organi"ation.
6ome e%perts recommend adding a fourth step before embarking upon
implementationD assessing the strengths and weaknesses of the vision to
minimi"e unwanted side effects. ;Thach R ,oodman, '((F, 'O<
2ompanies that opt not to perform a gap analysis may make decisions that
later prove to be disastrous. The daily newspaper provides startling
information relating to the layoff being implemented by =lobal
2ommunication. 2ould a gap analysis have prevented such an event from
occurring- The information presented below will reveal the results of a gap
analysis recently performed for =lobal 2ommunications.
6ituation Analysis
Issue and 3pportunity Identification
Three years ago, =lobal 2ommunication4s stock traded at nearly SAE per
share. As of today, their stock has depreciated by nearly J)T and now
trades at S'' per share. 3ne of the reasons for the decline in shares is
due to increased competition stemming from 2able 2ompany4s partnership
with telecommunication companies. ,hile most telecommunication
companies offered packages and features relating to telephone services
such as local and long distance plans, the cable company enticed
consumers and businesses with their bundled offer of internet service,
television programming, calling plans that include...
...in 1usiness presents an overview of the five basic areas of information
systems knowledge needed by business professionals, including the
conceptual system components and ma!or types of information systems.
Telecommunications Trends + 3rgani"ations are becoming internetworked
enterprises that use the Internet, intranets, and other telecommunications
networks to support e+business operations and collaboration within the
enterprise, and with their customers, suppliers, and other business partners.
Telecommunications has entered a deregulated and fiercely competitive
environment with many vendors, carriers, and services.
Telecommunications technology is moving toward open, internetworked
digital networks for voice, data, video, and multimedia. A ma!or trend is the
pervasive use of the Internet and its technologies to build interconnected
enterprises and global networks, like intranets and e%tranets, to support
enterprise collaboration, electronic commerce, and other e+business
applications.
The Internet @evolution L The e%plosive growth of the Internet and the use
of its enabling technologies have revolutioni"ed computing a
telecommunications. The Internet has become the key platform for a
rapidly e%panding list of information and entertainment services and
business applications, including enterprise collaboration and electronic
commerce systems. 3pen systems with unrestricted connectivity using
Internet technologies are the primary telecommunications technology
drivers in e+business systems. Their primary goal is to promote easy and
secure access by business professionals and consumers to the resources
of the Internet, enterprise intranets, and interorgani"ational e%tranets.
The 1usiness ?alue of the Internet + 2ompanies are deriving strategic
business value from the Internet, which enables them to disseminate
information globally,...
...2ommon symbols, signs, and behavioral rules determine the
effectiveness of communication, that is, the transference of intended
meaning. 2ommunication is an essential inherent feature of any
organi"ation, as it mediates knowledge management, contributes to
decision+making, and establishes coordinated teamwork at tasks ;#c6hane
R ?on =linow A))F<.
Importantly, as human beings, communication within a company serves
relatedness needs. The psychological e%perience of connection with others,
belongingness and identity with an organi"ation mediate employee
motivation and personal well+being. In turn organi"ational values, roles and
norms are established that directly impact on the company*s level and
$uality of productivity, services and customer focus ;#c6hane R ?on =linow
A))F<.
Throughout the communication process noise is inevitable0 factors
e%ist that constrain and distort an intended message. Noise may be in the
form of a psychological, social or environmental barrier. A psychological
barrier such as information overload is due to
the processing capability of the human cognitive system. Advancing
technologies both assist and hinder human information management at the
cognitive level. &rom a cross+cultural perspective pre!udice and stereotyping
are e%amples of psychological barriers to communication. Also at the
cognitive level, encoding of the symbols of communication takes place, as
cultural differences shape the interpretation of a message, they can also at
times distort the intended meaning ;#c6hane R ?on =linow A))F<.
A social barrier is evident with current technology services that
decrease inter+personal distance, and retain users* anonymity, yet negate
actual face+to+face e%periences. 6ocial barriers also e%ist when pre!udice
and stereotype about another*s nationality or ethnic heritage e%ist.
Alternatively,...
Artificial Intelligence
Perhaps one of the most comple% pieces to the human pu""le is our sense
of
humor. A sense of humor not only involves intelligence and comprehension
but
also an array of emotions. It is not enough to !ust understand something
humorous, but it is also necessary that an emotional and physiological
response
be able to occur for a person to have a sense of humor. However, though
there is
much involved in MMgetting44 a !oke, there are even more factors
involved in telling a !oke ;Uiv AO<. This is, unfortunately, an oversimplified
e%planation of what a sense of humor entails, as many people have their
own
opinion about what a sense of humor is. It is possible that we may be able
to
measure the level of humor a !oke has. It would seem that the greater the
positive reaction a !oke can evoke and the larger the amount of people it
effects, the funnier a !oke is. 2onceivably then, it can be said that though it
may not be all too difficult to create a !oke, creating a reall...