Tutorial-9- ASP

Wastewater to be treated in an activated sludge treatment plant has the following characteristic
features:
S.No. Parameter Value
1. Flow rate 420 m
3
/hour
2. BOD
5
at 20C 600 mg/L
3. Total kjeldhahl nitrogen 2 mg/L
4. Total phosphorus 1.5 mg/L
5. TSS 100 mg/L
6. VSS 65 mg/L
7. Non-biodegradable VSS 13 mg/L
8. Alkalinity (as CaCO
3
) 200 mg/L
9. Summer critical temperature 28C
10 Winter critical temperature 14C
Kinetic parameters for the ASP are
S.No. Parameter Value
1. q
max
6/day

2. K
s
40 mg/L
3. K
d
0.1/day
4. Y (yield coefficient) 0.4
5. f
d
(cell debris fraction) 0.15
6. BOD reaction rate constant (K) 0.23/day
Treated effluent is having the following characteristics
S.No. Parameter Value
1. TSS
e
50 mg/L
2. Total nitrogen 0.7 mg/L
3. Total-P 0.4 mg/L
Assume that the activated sludge treatment plant will be operated at 4-8-12 hour HRT and 5-10-15
day SRT. The synthesized microbial biomass is supposed to have C
60
H
87
O
23
N
12
P empirical formula.
Sludge wastage will be done as mixed liquor directly from the aeration tank.
1. Find ultimate BOD of the sample?
2. Find soluble BOD of the treated effluent and total BOD
5
at 20C of the treated effluent?
3. Find active biomass concentration in the aeration tank, and the MLSS and MLVSS in the
aeration tank?
4. Find the secondary sludge wastage rate and apparent SRT of the ASP?
5. Find oxygen demand rate of the activated sludge treatment plant and the air supply rate
required for the aeration and/or mixing of the aeration tank contents?
6. Find the nutrient dose in the form of Urea and phosphoric acid or in the form of urea and
diammonium phosphate required by the ASP?
7. Find alkalinity/lime dose required by the ASP?

Answer the above questions for the SRT values of 5, 10 and 15 days for the winter critical and summer
critical temperatures?
Find the influence of increase or decrease of wastewater flow rate by 20% on the performance of an ASP
designed for winter critical temperature, 10 days SRT and 8 hour HRT?
Similarly, find the influence of increase or decrease of BOD of the wastewater by 25% on the
performance of an ASP designed for summer critical temperature, 5 day SRT and 6 hour HRT?
2. Laboratory studies in an experimental activated sludge treatment plant gave the following
results.
S.No. S
0
(mg/L) S
e
(mg/L) HRT (hours) X
a
(mg/L) SRT (days)
1 400 10 4.0 3950 3.1
2 400 14.3 4.0 2865 2.1
3 400 21 4.0 2100 1.6
4 400 49.5 4.0 1050 0.8
5 400 101.8 4.0 660 0.6
Using these results find out the activated sludge process kinetic parameters, q
max.
, K
s
, Y and K
d
?

Tutorial-10
Secondary Clarifier


Q.1 A secondary clarifier has to be designed for the clarification of mixed liquor received from an
aeration tank. Flow rate of the mixed liquor is 300 m
3
/hour and its MLSS is 2500 mg/L. Settling test
conducted on the mixed liquor in a 1000 mm height settling column gave the following results:
Time
(in minutes)
Height of the sludge-clear
effluent interface
(in mm)
0 1000
5 950
10 895
20 770
30 640
45 447
60 388
80 350
100 325
125 310
150 295
Using these results find out the area required for thickening and for clarification by both Thalmadge and
fitch method and Limiting Solids Flux method? Take underflow sludge concentration as 10,000 mg/L.

Q.2. SVI of mixed liquor coming from an aeration is 125 mL/gram. If the mixed liquor flow rate is 550
m
3
/hour, MLSS concentration is 2500 mg/L, and the secondary clarifier underflow sludge concentration
is 9000 mg/L, design the secondary clarifier.

Q.3. Settling properties (like ZSV and SVI) of the mixed liquor coming from an aeration tank are not
known. If the mixed liquor flow rate is 550 m
3
/hour, MLSS concentration is 2500 mg/L, and the
secondary clarifier underflow sludge concentration is 9000 mg/L, conservatively estimate the zone
settling velocity and design the secondary clarifier?

Tutorial -11
Sewer Design
Q.1 : Design (find slope and cross sectional details) a rectangular stormwater drain for carrying a
maximum stormwater flow of 650 m
3
/hr at 0.7 m/sec. velocity? Provide a free board of 0.2 m to the
stormwater drain. What will be the depth of flow and velocity of flow at 400 m
3
/hour flow rate?
Q.2 : Design a circular sewer for carrying 0.07 m
3
/sec. of present flow and 0.2 m
3
/sec. of design flow
of sewage? Ensure that the designed sewer is satisfying the velocity range 0.6 2.5 m/sec. Take
Mannings n as 0.015. take tractive tension as 1.5 pascals. Sewer diameters available in the market are
in multiples of 50 mm. Find hydraulic elements of the flow in the circular sewer for the present peak
flow and design peak flow conditions?
2
D K a
a
= D K r
r
=
8
3
2
1
4
1
8
3
8
3
|
|
.
|

\
|
=

i
q
K K n D
r a

13
6
13
16
13
6
2
1

|
|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
= q
g
K K
n
i
r a

t



Tutorial-12
(sewer design computational table and sewerage system design)

Vembakkam village map is given below. Format a sewer design computation table. Using this table,
design a sewerage system for Vembakkam village? You may assume if any of the information needed is
not given.


Tutorial -13
(storm water management system)
Q.1. Rainfall events occurred over 60 year period are presented in the following table:

Using this information
1. Construct cumulative frequency curve?
2. Find the rain fall for 6 months, 2 years, 5 years, 10 years, 25 years and 100 years return period?
3. Find 90 percentile rainfall value?
4. Find annual average rainfall?
5. Find the rainfall depth at which the cumulative rainfall is 90%
Rainfall <0.1 inch contributes no run off and hence the rainfall events of 0.1 inch are neglected.
Q.2. Compute time of concentration and peak runoff for a 200 acre township? Land use of the
township is 15% open space in poor condition, 12% gravel roads, 8% paved roads without storm sewers
and curbs, 10% commercial land use, 15% industrial land use, 30% residential plots with 65% impervious
areas, and 10% residential plots with 38% impervious area. Assume shape of the township as
rectangular with aspect ratio of 4:1.
Q.3. A residential colony of 1000 m length and 600 m width has a middle main road of 950 m length 15
m width. There are 10 lateral roads of 240 m length and 7.5 m width on each side of the main road.
Slope of the basin along the length is 1 in 1000. Roughness coefficient for sheet flow is 0.017, Intercept
constant for the flow is 0.491. The main road has gutters on either side and storm sewer inlets are
provided at all the lateral road intersections. Cross slope of the main road is 3%. The storm sewers are
provided on either side of the main road. The storm sewers are supposed to have 0.7 m/sec. flow
velocity at peak flow. Mannings n for the storm sewer is 0.015. Impervious area of the residential
plots is 65%. Design a storm water drainage system for the residential colony?