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1. Use the items in the key to correctly identify the structures described below. Key:

1. connective tissue ensheathing a bundle of muscle cells a. endomysium
 b. epimysium
2. bundle of muscle cells
 c. fascicle
3. contractile unit of muscle
 d. fiber
4. a muscle cell
e. myofibril
5. thin reticular connective tissue surrounding each muscle cell f. myofilament

6. plasma membrane of the muscle fiber g. perimysium

7. a long filamentous organelle with a banded appearance found h. sarcolemma

within muscle cells i. sarcomere

8. actin- or myosin-containing structure j. sarcoplasm

9. cord of collagen fibers that attaches a muscle to a bone k. tendon

2. List three reasons why the connective tissue wrappings of skeletal muscle are important.

3. Why are there more indirect—that is, tendinous—muscle attachments to bone than there are direct attachments?

4. How does an aponeurosis differ from a tendon structurally?

How is an aponeurosis functionally similar to a tendon?

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5. The diagram illustrates a small portion of several myofibrils. Using letters from the key, correctly identify each structure
indicated by a leader line or a bracket.
Key: a. A band d. myosin filament g. triad
b. actin filament e. T tubule h. sarcomere
c. I band f. terminal cisterna i. Z disc


6. On the following figure, label a blood vessel, endomysium, epimysium, a fascicle, a muscle cell, perimysium, and the tendon.

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7. Complete the following statements:

The junction between a motor neuron’s axon and the muscle cell membrane is 1. ________________________
called a neuromuscular junction or a __1__ junction. A motor neuron and all of the
skeletal muscle cells it stimulates is called a __2__. The actual gap between the 2. ________________________
axon terminal and the muscle cell is called a __3__. Within the axon terminal are
many small vesicles containing a neurotransmitter substance called__4__. When 3. ________________________
the __5__ reaches the ends of the axon, the neurotransmitter is released and dif-
fuses to the muscle cell membrane to combine with receptors there. The combining
4. ________________________
of the neurotransmitter with the muscle membrane receptors causes the membrane
to become permeable to both sodium and potassium. The greater influx of sodium
ions results in __6__ of the membrane. Then contraction of the muscle cell occurs. 5. ________________________

6. ________________________

8. The events that occur at a neuromuscular junction are depicted below. Identify by labeling every structure provided with a
leader line.

Key:
a. axon terminal
Action
potential b. mitochondrion

c. muscle fiber

d. myelinated axon

e. sarcolemma
Nucleus
f. synaptic cleft

(a) g. synaptic vesicle

h. T tubule

Junctional
folds of the
sarcolemma

Part of a
myofibril

(b)

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