New Generation Conductors

Transmission of Electric Energy

Short History
&
Development of Bare High
Voltage Overhead Lines
(Bare OHC)
Important Conditions for Bare OHC
Ampacity
SAG
Tension on the towers
Tension in the conductor
Temperature of the conductor
Boundary conditions
History Bare OHC
Since beginning all conductors
were made of
Copper
or
Copper Alloys
Reasons:
Good Conductivity
Availability
Materials of Bare OHC
Material Density Conductivity Tensile
Strength
CTE
g/cm
3
% IACS MPa X 10
-6
/ C
o
Copper 8.9 100 450 17
Aluminium 2.7 61 165 23
Steel 7.8 9 1600 11.5
Alloy 2.7 52 325 23
Invar 7.1 14-23 1310
1170
3.7
AAC All Aluminium Conductors
Advantages:
Better Conductivity per unit of weight strung.
(Less tension on towers)
Disadvantages:
Loses 60% of its strength when overloaded.
Has in absolute value less reserve in
strength to overcome wind and ice loading.
Continuous improvement in Bare OHC
ACSR AAAC 6201 AL-59 TACSR
Good Conductivity
53.0 % IACS*
Moderate
Conductivity 52.5%
IACS*
Better Conductivity
59% IACS*
Moderate Conductivity
52 % IACS*
Moderate Corrosion
Resistance
Better Corrosion
Resistance
Better Corrosion
Resistance
Moderate Corrosion
Resistance
Better Strength to
Weight Ratio
Better Strength to
Weight Ratio
Good Strength to
Weight Ratio
Better Strength to
Weight Ratio
Better Tensile
Strength
Good Tensile Strength Moderate Tensile
Strength
Better Tensile Strength
Typical Application
Commonly used for
both transmission and
distribution circuits.
Typical Application
Transmission and
Distribution applications
in corrosive
environments, ACSR
replacement.
Typical Application
Transmission and
Distribution High Ampacity
applications in corrosive
environments, ACSR
replacement.
Typical Application
Transmission and
Distribution High Ampacity
applications in non-
corrosive environments,
ACSR replacement.
* International Annealed Copper Standard for conductivity
An Overview of Bare
Overhead Transmission
Conductors
Categories of Overhead Conductors
Homogeneous Conductors
AAC All Aluminum Conductor
AAAC All Aluminum Alloy conductor
Non - Homogeneous Conductors
ACSR All Aluminum Conductor Steel Reinforced
ACSR/AW All Aluminum Conductor Al. Clad Steel
Reinforced
TACSR Thermal Aluminum Conductor Steel Reinforced
TACSR/AW Thermal Aluminum Conductor Cl. Steel Reinforced
TACIR/AW Thermal Aluminum Conductor Cl. Invar Reinforced
AACSR All Aluminum Alloy Conductor Steel
Reinforced
ACAR All Aluminum Conductor Al. Alloy Reinforced
ACSS All Aluminum Conductor Steel Supported
Limitations of Present Transmission System
The present Transmission System is overloaded due to
Economic Expansion (Commercial, Industrial and
Residential)
Max. Op. Temp with Existing ACSR Conductors 85
0
C
Very High cost to install new Transmission Lines.
Very difficult to acquire Right of Way (ROW).
Time constraint for new Transmission Lines.
Objections from inhabitants to construct new T/L.
Solution: New Generation Conductors ...
New Generation Conductors
Options Available with
Apar Industries Limited
High Ampacity Alloy Conductors
AAAC 6201,
6101
AAAC 1120 AL-57, AL-59 Thermal Resistant
Alloy (TAL)
Defined as per IEC,
ASTM, BS, NFC,
EN, CSA
Specification.
Defined as per
Australian
Specification.
Defined as per
Swedish
specification & EN
Specification.
Defined as per IEC, &
ASTM Specification.
Popularly in use
@ Countries:
France,
Bangladesh, India,
North and East
Africa, Middle East,
USA so on
Popularly in use @
Countries:
Australia & New
Zealand
Popularly in use @
Countries:
Norway, Sweden,
India so on
Popularly in use @
Countries:
South and East Asia,
Nigeria, Middle East
Asia, Europe so on
Up rating of Transmission System
No,
Re -Conductoring
Ground clearance is enough?
Thermal Resistance Al.
Alloy Conductor
High Ampacity Alloy
Conductors
TACSR, TACSR/EST,
TACSR/AW, TACSR/TW
TACIR/AW &
TACIR/TW/AW,
GAP type
Conductors
TAL with Al. Clad Invar
Core. i.e. for PGCIL Re-
Conductoring Tender we
have offered TACIR/AW
388 sq mm against
ACSR Moose
Yes, New
Transmission Lines
Power Txfer
Requirements
Up to
30%
Al-59
AAA 1120
More
than
30%
TACSR family Conductor has 60+ % more ampacity of ACSR Conductors.
TACSR/TW Conductor has more than 70+% more ampacity of conventional ACSR type.
TACIR/TW Conductor has equivalent sag-tension properties as conventional ACSR type.
Conventional fittings and accessories for ACSR can be used for TAL Conductors
except compression fittings
Same installation method as conventional ACSR is applied for TALConductors
TAL Conductors has high long-term reliability with strong track record
Use AL-59 & TACSR for New Lines and
TACIR/AW & GAP Conductor for Re-Conductoring
Summary