SUBJECTIVE

LEVELI (CBSE LEVEL)

REVIEW YOUR CONCEPTS
1. Evaluate the following limits.
(i)
8 x 2 x
4 x 9 x 2 x
lim
2
2 3
4 x

+

. (ii)
x
x tan
lim
0
0 x
.
(iii)
3
0 x
x
x sin x tan
lim

(iv)
. x 1 x x lim
2
x
|
.
|

\
|
+ +

(v)
x 1
lnx
lim
x 1

. (vi)
( )
2
5
0 x
x 5 x 3
1 x 1
lim
+
+

2. Evaluate the following limts

(i)
( ) x tan x sec lim
2
x

t

. (ii)
3 x
e e
lim
3 x
3 x

.
(iii)
(
(
(

3
2
3
1
1 x
x 1
x 1
lim
(iv)
2
x sin
0 x
x
1 x sin e
lim

.
(v)
] x [ lim
1 x
.
(vi)
) x ( f lim
3 x
, where

< +
>
=
3 ifx , 1 x
3 x if , 4
) x ( f
.
3. If f is an odd function and if
0 x
lim

f(x) exists, then prove that

0 x
lim

f(x) must be zero.

4. Show that the logarthemic function given by f(x) =lnx
xe
(0,

) is continuous at every point

of its domain.
5. The function f(x) is defined as f(x) =
2 1/ x
x cose when x 0
1 whenx 0
=

. Show that f(x) is discontinuous

at x =0 and change the defination of f(x) to make it a continuous function.
6. If f(x) =
( )
2
2 3
2 x
20 x 16 x x

+ +
, when x
=
2.
=K, when x =2
and f(x) is continuous at x =2, find the value of K.
7. If f(x) =[x], where [x] denotes the integral part of x, show that f(x) is discontinuous at all integral
values of x.
8. Test the continuity of the function f(x) at x =0, where
f(x) =
,
e 1
e
x
1
x
1
+
when x
=
0
=0, when x =0.
9. If f (x) =x, when x is rational =1 x, when x is irrational, then
show that f(x) is continuous only at x =
2
1
.
10. If f(x) =
x 1
1

; find the points of discontinuity of the function y =f[f{f(x)}].

11. If f (x) =2 x, when x
s
2
=x 2, when x >2
then is f(x) differentiable at x =2?
12. If f(x) =x +x
3
sin
x
1
, when x
=
0
=0, when x =0
then, find the d.c. of f(x) at x =0.
13. If x =a( ) sin u u , y =a(1 cos
u
). Then find
2
2
d y
at
dx
u=t .
14. (i) If x
y
=e
x y
, prove that 2
dy lnx
dx (1 lnx)
=
+
.
(ii) If y =
x
y
x
, show that
dy y ny(x nx ny 1)
dx (1 x ny)x nx
+
=

l l l
l l
15. (i) Differentiate tan
1

2
3
x 3 1
x x 3

with respect to tan

1

2
x 1
x 2

.
(ii) If x 1 y y 1 x 0, (x y) + + + = = prove that
2
dy 1
dx 1 x

=
+
LEVELII
BRUSH UP YOUR CONCEPTS
1. Evaluate
2
1 k
1 x
) 1 x (
k x ) 1 k ( x
lim

+ +
+

2. Evaluate
n
lim

x n x
x
n
n
m
1
n
m
C

|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
3. (i) Evaluate )
2
, 0 ( ,
4 x
2 cos ) (sin ) (cos
lim
x x
4 x
t
e o

o o o

(ii) Evaluate
x / a
x x x x
0 x
n
n ... 3 2 1
lim |
|
.
|

\
| + + + +

4. (i) Determine the values of a, b & c for which the function

2 1/2 1/2
3/2
sin(a 1)x sinx
, forx 0,
x
f (x) c , forx 0,
(x bx ) x
, for x 0,
bx
+ +
<

= =

>

is continuous at x =0.
5. Let f(xy) =f(x) f(y) for all x and y. If the function f(x) is continuous at x =1, show that f(x) is
continuous for all x
=
0.
6. Find the values of a and b so that

< < |
|
.
|

\
|
+

=
< <

=
+
+
0 x 2 ,
32 x
16 x
sin
2 x , b
2 x 3 ,
e 2
1 ae
) x ( f
5
4
| 2 x | / 1
| 2 x | / 1
may be continuous at x =2
7. Without using series expansions or L hospital rule evaluate:
x x
a b
a sinbx b sinax
lim
tanbx tanax

8. (i) Let R be the set of real numbers and f : R R, such that for all x and y in R.
|f(x) f(y)|
s
|x y|
3
.

Prove that f(x) is a constant function.
(ii) If x =sint, y =sinkt, then show that (1 x
2
)
2
2
dx
y d

y k
dx
dy
x
2
+
=0
9. Examine the function f where
1/ x 1/ x
1/ x 1/ x
e e
x , x 0
f (x)
e e
0 , x 0

=
=
+

as regards continuity and

differentiablity at the origin.
10. A function f : R R, where R is a set of real numbers, satisfies the equation
3
) 0 ( f ) y ( f ) x ( f
3
y x
f
+ +
=
|
.
|

\
| +
for all x, y in R. If the function f is differentiable at x =0, then show
that it is differentiable for all x in R.
LEVELIII
CHECK YOUR SKILLS
1. Let (tan o) x +(sino) y =o and (o cosec o) x +(cos o) y =1 be two variable straight lines,
o being a parameter. Let P be the point of intersection of the lines. Find the limiting postion of P
when o 0.
|
2. Let [x] represents the greatest integer less than or equal to x. Then find the value of
|
.
|

\
|
(

+
(

x
x tan n
x
x sin n
lim
0 x
.
3. A square is inscribed in a circle of radius R, a circle is inscribed in this square, then a square in this
circle and so on for n times. Find the limit of the sum of areas of all the squares as n .
4. Evaluate (i) |
.
|

\
|

2

x tan
1
x
1
lim
2
0 x
. (ii)
2
x 0
1 1
lim
x sin x
2

| |

|
\ .
.
5. Let
) 3 ( f ) 2 ( f ) ( f
) 3 ( f ) 2 ( f ) ( f
) 3 x ( f ) 2 x ( f ) x ( f
) x (
o ' o ' o '
o o o
o + o + o +
= A for some differentiable function f and constant
o. Find
x
) x (
lim
0 x
A

.
6. If f(x) +f(y) =
|
|
.
|

\
|

+
xy 1
y x
f for all R y , x e (xy
=
1) and
2
x
) x ( f
lim
0 x
=

.
Find |
.
|

\
|
3
1
f and ' f (1).
7. If f(x) be a real valued differentiable function on R and f(x +y) =
f (x) f (y)
1 f (x)f (y)
+

. Show that,
1
tan f (x)
x

is constant.
8. Let f : R R be a function satisfying
2
) y ( f . ) x ( f
2
xy
f = |
.
|

\
|
, R y , x e and f(1) = ' f (1)
=
0.
Show that f(x) +f(1x) is constant, for all non-zero real values of x.
9. Let f (x) =x
4
8x
3
+22x
2
24 and
g(x) =

>
s s + s s
1 x ; 10 x
1 x 1 , 1 x t x ); x ( f min
Discuss the continuity and differentiability of g(x) in [1,

).
10. If f(x) be a differentiable function such that
f(x) f(y) +2 =f(x) +f(y) +f(xy) ;
' f
(0) =0,
' f
(1) =2, find f(x).
PROBLEMS ASKED IN IIT-JEE
1. Let f(x) =

t
< <
=
< <
t
+
6
x 0 ; e
0 x ; b
0 x
6
; |} x sin | 1 {
x 3 tan / x 2 tan
| x sin |
a
Determine a and b such that f(x) is continuous at x =0. [1994]
2. Let f[(x +y)/2] ={f(x) +f(y)}/2 for all real x and y. If ' f (0) exists and equals 1 and f(0) =1,
find f(2). [1995]
3. Let f(x) =

=
=
(

|
|
.
|

\
|
+
0 x 0
0 x
x
1
| x |
1
exp x
Test whether
(a) f(x) is continuous at x =0,
(b) f(x) is differentiable at x =0. [1997]
4. If y =
( )( )( ) ( )( )
1
c x
c
c x b x
bx
c x b x a x
ax
2
+

+

+

, prove that
|
.
|

\
|

=
'
x c
c
x b
b
x a
a
x
1
y
y
.
1998]
5. Suppose P(x) =a
0
+a
1
x +a
2
x
2
+. . . +a
n
x
n
. If |P(x)|
s
|e
x
1| for all x
>
0, prove that
|a
1
+2a
2
+. . . +na
n
|
s
1
[2000]
6. Let o e R. Prove that a function f : R R is differentiable at o if and only if there is a function
g : R R which is continuous at o and satisfies f(x) f(o) =g(x) (x o) for all x e R.
[2001]
7. Let f(x), x
>
0, be a nonnegative continuous function, and let F(x) =
}
x
0
) t ( f dt, x
>
0. If for
some c >0, f (x)
s
cF(x) for all x >0, then show that f(x) =0 for all x
>
0. [2001]
8. Let f(x) =

>
< +
0 x if |; 1 x |
0 x if ; a x
and g(x) =

> +
< +
0 x if ; b ) 1 x (
0 x if ; 1 x
2
where a and b are nonnegative real numbers. Determine the composite function gof. If (gof) (x)
is continuous for all real x, determine the value of a and b. Further, for these values of a and b, is
gof differentiable at x =0? Justify your answer. [2002]
OBJECTIVE
LEVELI
1.
n n
n n
n
b a
b a
lim

+

, where a >b >1, is equal to
(a) 1 (b) 1
(c) 0 (d) none of these
2.
1 n
) ! n ( sin n
lim
2 p
n
+

, 0 <p <1, is equal to
(a) 0 (b)

(c) 1 (d) none of these

3. Let
...
10 . 7
1
7 . 4
1
4 . 1
1
s
n
+ + + =
to n terms. Then
n
lim
s
n
is equal to
(a)
3
1
(b) 3
(c)
4
1
(d)

4. The graph of the function y =f(x) has a unique tangent at the point (a, 0) through which the graph
passes. Then
x a
ln{1 6f (x)}
lim
3f (x)

+
(a) 1 (b) 0
(c) 2 (d) none of these
5. Let the rth term, t
r
, of a series is given by
4 2 r
r r 1
r
t
+ +
=
. Then
=

n
1 r
r
n
t lim
is
(a)
4
1
(b) 1
(c)
2
1
(d) none of these
6.
1 x
) 1 x ( 2 cos 1
lim
1 x

(a) exists and it is

2
(b) exists and it is
2
(c) does not exist because x 1 0 (d) does not exist because LH lim
=
RH lim
7. If
x 2
2
x
x x
1 lim |
.
|

\
|
+

+

=e
2
then
(a) 2 , 1 = = (b) 1 , 2 = =
(c) = = , 1 any real constant (d) 1 = =
8. If o is a repeated root of ax
2
+bx +c =0 then
o x
lim

2
2
) x (
) c bx ax ( sin
o
+ +
is
(a) 0 (b) a
(c) b (d) c
9. Let f(x) =
3 x , x 1
2
< +
=
4 x 3 , 1 x 3 < s
=[x], 4
s
x <5, where [x] is the greatest integer
s
x
=|1 x|, x
>
5
The number of points of discontinuity of f(x) in R is
(a) 3 (b) 0
(c) infinite (d) none of these
10. If f(x) =sint[x], where [

] denotes the greatest integer function, then

' f
(1 0) is equal to
(a) 1 (b) 0
(c) 1 (d) none of these
11. The number of values of ] 2 , 0 [ xe at which the function f(x) =
+
2
1
x
|x 1| +tan x is not finitely
differentiable, is
(a) 2 (b) 3
(c) 1 (d) 0
12. Let f(x) =
x 2
1
) x (sin
t
,
2
x
t
=
.
If f(x) is continuous at x =
2
t
, then
|
.
|

\
| t
2
f
is
(a) e (b) 1
(c) 0 (d) none of these
13. If y =cos
1

dx
dy
then ,
2
, 0 x ,
13
x sin 12 x cos 5
|
.
|

\
| t
e |
.
|

\
|
is equal to
(a) 1 (b) 1
(c) 0 (d) none of these
14. If P(x) is a polynomial such that P(x
2
+1) ={P(x)}
2
+1 and P(0) =0 then ' P (0) is equal to
(a) 1 (b) 0
(c) 1 (d) none of these
15. If y =log
2
(ln x), then
dx
dy
is
(a)
e log . e log
x
1
x 2
(b)
x log
x
1
2
(c)
x log
x
1
e
(d) none of these
LEVELII
1.
( )
( ) 1 x tan x tan
1 x cot x cot x
lim
2 4
2 4 4
0 x
+
+

is equal to
(a) 1 (b) 0
(c) 2 (d) none of these
2. Let f(x) =

<

>

1 | x | ,
4
1 x
1 | x | , x tan
2
1
, then domain of
f '
(x) is
(a) ( ) } 1 { ~ , (b) ( ) } 1 { ~ ,
(c) ( ) } 1 , 1 { ~ , (d) ( ) } 1 , 0 , 1 { ~ ,
3.
}, x ){ 1 x ( lim
1 x

where {

} denotes the fractional part, is equal to

(a) 1 (b) 0
(c) doesnt exist (d) none of these
4.
3
2
x
) x (ln
) x x 1 (
lim
+ +

is equal to
(a) 2 (b) e
2
(c) e
2
(d) none of these
5. Value of f(0) such that f(x) =
x ec cos
x sin 1
x tan 1
|
.
|

\
|
+
+
can be made continuous at x =0, is equal to
(a) 1 (b) e
(c) 1 (d) e
1
6. If f(x) =|x
2n+1
|, neN, then at x =0
(a) f(x) is continuous but non-differentiable (b) f(x) is differentiable
(c) f(x) is discontinuous (d) none of these
7. Let f : R
+
R be a continuous function satisfying f |
|
.

\
|
y
x
=f(x) f(y)

x, y
e
R
+
. If f ' (1) =1, then
(a) f is bounded (b)
0
x
1
f lim
0 x
= |
.
|

\
|

(c)
1
x
) x ( f
lim
0 x
=

(d)
0 ) x ( f . x lim
0 x
=

8. If x
2
+y
2
=1, then
(a)
( ) 0 1 y y y
2
= + ' + ' ' (b)
( ) 0 1 y 2 y y
2
= + ' ' '
(c)
( ) 0 1 y y y
2
= + ' ' ' (d)
( ) 0 1 y 2 y y
2
= + ' + ' '
9. Let f(x) =maximum {4, 1 +x
2
, x
2
1}

xe R. Total number of points, where f(x) is

non-differentiable, is equal to
(a) 2 (b) 4
(c) 6 (d) none of these
10. Let f : [1, 10] Q be a continuous function and f(1) =10, then f(10) is equal to
(a)
10
1
(b) 10
(c) 1 (d) cant be obtained
11.
x x tan
x sin x
lim
0 x

is equal to
(a)
2
1
(b)
2
1
(c)
3
1
(d) 1
12. If x
1
and x
2
are the real and distinct roots of ax
2
+bx +c =0 then
( ) ( ) 1
1
x x
1
2
x x
c bx ax sin 1 lim

+ + +
(a) e 2 1
x x
(b) 1 2
x x
e

(c)
( )
2 1
x x a
e

(d)
( )
1 2
x x a
e

13. The function f(x)
| |
,
1 x , x 3 x 2
1 x ,
2
x
sin

>
<
t
where [

] denotes the greatest integer function, is

(a) continuous and differentiable at x =1 (b) continuous but not differentiable at x =1
(c) discontinuous at x =1 (d) none of these
14. Let f(x) =cosx, g(x) =t , then
(a) g(x) is discontinuous at x =t (b) g(x) is continuous for x
e
[0,

)
(c) g(x) is differentiable at x =t (d) g(x) is differentiable for x
e
[0,

)
15. If the first derivative of the function f(x) =log
2
(log
3
(log
1/2
(cosx +a))) exists for all real values
of x, then
(a) a
e
|
.
|

\
|
2
3
, 1
(b) a
e
|
.
|

\
|
1 ,
2
1
(c) a
e
|
.
|

\
|
2
5
, 1
(d) none of these
ANSWERS
SUBJECTIVE
LEVELI
1. (i)
6
23
(ii)
180
t
(iii)
2
1
(iv)
2
1
(v) 1 (vi)
3
5
2. (i) 0 (ii)
3
e
(iii)
2
1
(iv)
2
1
(v) limit doesnt exists (vi) 4
6. K =7
8. Discontinuous
10. {1, 0}
11. Not differentiable
12. 1
13. 1/2
15. (i)
2
3
LEVELII
1.
2
) 1 k ( k +
2.
m
x
e
! x
m

3. (i) o o o o sin ln ) (sin ) (cos ln ) (cos
4 4
(ii) (n!)
a/n
4. a =3/2, b =any non zero value, c =1/2
6. a =sin
5
2
, b =sin
|
.
|

\
|
5
2
7. b
x1
[bcosbx sinbx]cos
2
bx
LEVELIII
1. (2, 1)
2. (2n 1)
3. 4R
2
4. (i)
3
2
(ii) 1/3
5. 0
6.
1 ,
3
t
7. (i) (

, 1]

(0, 1] (ii) t
(iii)
I n ,
2
n
e
t
(iv)
I n ,
4
n
e
t
9. Continuous in [1,

] but not differentiable at x =1.

10 f(x) =x
2
+1
PROBLEMS ASKED IN IIT-JEE
1. a =
3 / 2
e b and
3
2
=
2. f(2) = 1
3. (a) continuous
(b) not differentiable
8. (gof) x =

> +
< s + +
< + +
0 x , b ) 1 | 1 x (|
0 x a , b ) 1 a x (
a x , 1 ) a x (
2
2
OBJECTIVE
LEVELI
1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (a) 6. (d)
7. (c) 8. (d) 9. (d) 10. (b) 11. (b) 12. (b)
13. (a) 14. (a) 15. (a)
LEVELII
1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (d) 5. (a) 6. (b)
7. (d) 8. (a) 9. (a) 10 (b) 11. (a) 12. (c)
13. (c) 14. (b) 15. (d)