0 valutazioniIl 0% ha trovato utile questo documento (0 voti)
29 visualizzazioni3 pagine
This document provides practice problems for calculating astronomical magnitudes. It begins with an introduction explaining the goals of practicing magnitude calculations to become comfortable with magnitudes. It then provides 10 practice problems of varying difficulty to work through. Background information is provided on the mathematical relationship between apparent magnitude and flux, as well as tips for quick magnitude calculations.
This document provides practice problems for calculating astronomical magnitudes. It begins with an introduction explaining the goals of practicing magnitude calculations to become comfortable with magnitudes. It then provides 10 practice problems of varying difficulty to work through. Background information is provided on the mathematical relationship between apparent magnitude and flux, as well as tips for quick magnitude calculations.
This document provides practice problems for calculating astronomical magnitudes. It begins with an introduction explaining the goals of practicing magnitude calculations to become comfortable with magnitudes. It then provides 10 practice problems of varying difficulty to work through. Background information is provided on the mathematical relationship between apparent magnitude and flux, as well as tips for quick magnitude calculations.
Homework set 1 -- Practice exercises with astronomical magnitudes The only way to become really comfortable with manit!des is by practicin with them" These e#ercises ha$e two oals% &1' to $is!ali(e what a )!oted manit!de sinifies, and &2' to become able to calc!late with manit!des easily, )!ickly, and reliably" After some practice yo! can do a typical manit!de problem in only a few seconds" *on+t t!rn yo!r res!lts in, b!t try to be confident that yo! ot the riht answers" Try to de$ise the easiest or )!ickest method for each type of problem" ,n$ent other problems yo!rself" Three facts to remember """ - The relation between an apparent manit!de m and the correspondin radiation fl!# F % m . 2"/ lo 10 & F / F 0 ' , F . 10
0
0"4
m F 0 " & smaller m implies brihter ' 1s!ally &b!t not always' F is an enery fl!# with !nits s!ch as 2atts per s)!are meter" 3anit!de m is a dimensionless )!antity, a p!re n!mber with no meas!rement !nits" - F and m !s!ally refer to some limited rane of wa$elenths or photon fre)!encies " 4or e#ample we miht be !sin a bl!e or red filter" 2a$elenths and fre)!encies aren+t mentioned in the problems below, beca!se they don+t affect the manit!de calc!lations" - 1s!ally we don+t need to know the )!antitati$e $al!e of the normali(ation constant F 0 " 55555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555 A few www sites to read or skim &this list may be a little o!t of date'
2ikipedia 6manit!de &astronomy'7, 6photometry &astronomy'7, 7189 photometric system7, etc" :oole has tro!ble with this topic, beca!se keywords s!ch as 6manit!des7 or 6photometry7 or 6189;7 may lead to a b!nch of speciali(ed research papers that merely ha$e these words in their titles" 8!t if yo! look aro!nd, yo! may find $ario!s co!rse notes from other !ni$ersities" www.astrophysicsspectator.com/topics/observation/MagnitudesAndColors.html www.sizes.com/units/magnitude_stellar.htm &historical notes' aas.org/archives/BAAS/v33n/aas!""/#3$.htm &tri$ial f!ssin' www.badastronomy.com/bad/misc/badstarlight.html &pop!lar<le$el bl!rb' 55555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555 =ractice problems 1" >1 ?yni is a famo!s do!ble star" 2hen separated with a telescope, its component stars ha$e apparent $is!al manit!des m . /"22 and >"03 respecti$ely" ?alc!late m for the total of the two, as seen with the !naided eye" 2" 3 >@ is an important cl!ster of abo!t A0 stars located A30 parsecs from !s" ,ts total brihtness amo!nts to apparent $is!al manit!de m >"/" Bstimate the a$erae manit!de for a typical indi$id!al star in 3 >@" <<< contin!ed on ne#t pae <<< 4001hwk01 < p2 3" A partic!lar do!ble star system has total absol!te manit!de m . 4"/" ,n terms of intrinsic enery fl!#, component A is twice as briht as its companion 8" ?alc!late the indi$id!al manit!des of A and 8" 4" 1:? 4/C1 is a distant ala#y that normally has apparent $is!al manit!de m . 1>"/" 8riefly, howe$er, this manit!de brihtens to 1/"C beca!se a s!perno$a e#plosion has occ!rred there" *ed!ce the apparent manit!de of the s!perno$a" /" 2e can et decent spectra of stars as faint as m . 20" The S!n has m 0 2@" ?alc!late the ratio of correspondin brihtnesses F . Try to do this in yo!r headD &EowF 0 ;ecall that a 2"/<manit!de difference implies a factor of 10 in F . ;emember that 1 manit!de is a factor of abo!t 2"/12, 2 manit!des is a factor of abo!t &2"/12'
2 >"3, etc"' >" Apropos problems like 4, it+s !sef!l to memori(e lo 10 &2' 0"301, lo 10 &3' 0"4@@, lo 10 &4' 0">02, and lo 10 &/' 0">CC" & Eistorical comment% *ecades ao, most technical people a!tomatically knew these $al!es thro!h e#perience with slide r!les and tables of loarithms"' @" At $is!al wa$elenths, there are abo!t >000 si#th<manit!de stars in the sky, i"e", in the manit!de rane /"/ G m G >"/" These are the faintest stars that can be seen with the !naided eye in fa$orable conditions" ?ompare the total radiation fl!# F from all of them to the brihtest star, Siri!s, which has m 1"4 " A" S!ppose, in a i$en set of circ!mstances, yo! can see stars as faint as m . > witho!t optical aid" Eow faint a star can yo! see with a @ # /0 binoc!larF &6/07 means it has obHecti$e lenses with diameter /0 mm"' 2ith a 1<meter telescopeF C" A star+s apparent manit!de ob$io!sly depends on its distance as well as its intrinsic l!minosity" Absolute manit!de M , a meas!re of H!st the l!minosity, is defined as the apparent manit!de that a star wo!ld ha$e if it we co!ld $iew it from a standard distance of 10 parsecs" 1se this definition to ded!ce the relation between M, m, and distance D . 9erify that it i$es reasonable answers for one or two easy test cases" &This form!la can be fo!nd in most elementary astronomy te#tbooks" The point here, howe$er, is that yo! can work it o!t yo!rself, so )!ickly that yo! don+t really need to memori(e the form!la or look it !p" I!st recall that F 1 / D 2 "'
10" ,f one star is 0"1 manit!de brihter than another, then they differ by abo!t 10J in brihtness & meas!red by F '" Kikewise m . 0"0/ implies a /J difference, etc" This con$enient appro#imation works for differences smaller than, say, 2/J or so" ,n terms of math, fi!re o!t why it+s ro!hly tr!e" & Eint% consider e m " ' 55555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555 4001hwk01 < p3