IJCAT - International Journal of Computing and Technology

Volume 1, Issue 1, February 2014

www.IJCAT.org

87

Study of Interline Power Flow Controller by using
Practical Prototype and Software


1
Shruti P. Nimje,
2
Archana Patil


1, 2
Electrical Department ,M.Tech (Integrated Power System),
An Autonomous G. H. Raisoni College of Engineering, Nagpur , Maharashtra, India




Abstract - This paper presents comparative study of effect of
transmission line with IPFC and without IPFC considering three
cases i.e. 1) base load condition 2) with the increase in10% load
and 3) with the fault created in one line by using MATLAB
simulink model. As IPFC is one of the latest generation flexible
AC transmission system controller using converter as a control
scheme shows a new approach for the effective improvement in
real and reactive power utilization.

Keywords - FACTS, VSC, IPFC.

1. Introduction

To achieve operational reliability and financial
profitability more efficient utilization and control of the
existing transmission system infrastructure is required.
Mechanical switch based traditional approaches cannot
realize full utilization of transmission system due to the
needed large stability margin and therefore minimizing
the gap between the stability and the thermal levels. Basic
principal of IPFC to realize power balance in a
transmission system hence IPFC at a substation can
function as regulator based on converter.

The Interline Power Flow controller (IPFC), proposed by
Gyugyi with sen and Schauder in 1998, addresses the
problem of compensating a number of transmission lines
at a given substation. Due to increase in power demand,
power system networks are being operated stressed
conditions. This is resulted into the difficulty in meeting
real and reactive power requirements.

This capability makes it possible to: equalize both real
and reactive power flow between the lines; reduce the
burden of overloaded lines by real power transfer;
compensate against resistive line voltage drops and the
corresponding reactive power demand; and increase the
effectiveness of the overall compensating system for
dynamic disturbances. In other words, the IPFC can

potentially provide a highly effective scheme for power
transmission management at a multiline substation.

2. Basic Operating Principles

In its general form the Interline Power Flow Controller
employs a number of dc-to-ac converters each providing
series compensation for a different line. In other words,
the IPFC comprises a number of Static Synchronous
Series Compensators. However, within the general
concept of the IPFC, the compensating converters are
linked together at their dc terminals, as illustrated in Fig
1. With this scheme, in addition to providing series
reactive compensation, any converter can be controlled to
supply real power to the common dc link from its own
transmission line. Thus, an overall surplus power can be
made available from the underutilized lines which then
can be used by other lines for real power compensation. In
this way, some of the converters, compensating
overloaded lines or lines with a heavy burden of reactive
power flow, can be equipped with full two-dimensional,
reactive and real power control capability, similar to that
offered by the UPFC. Evidently, this arrangement
mandates the rigorous maintenance of the overall power
balance at the common dc terminal by appropriate control
action, using the general principle that the under loaded
lines are to provide help, in the form of appropriate real
power transfer, for the overloaded lines.Fig2.



Fig1 IPFC scheme with dc link between lines
IJCAT - International Journal of Computing and Technology
Volume 1, Issue 1, February 2014
www.IJCAT.org

88


Fig 2 Interline Power Flow Controller comprising converters

2.1 Control Scheme of IPFC


Fig3 Basic control sheme

In paper [9] the regulation model of an Interline Power
Flow Controller and its control strategies at rated
Capacity was discussed. Thus the overall surplus power
can be made to utilize from the lightly loaded line to
overloaded line. For analysis purpose let as consider the
IPFC consist of two Voltage source converters among
which converter 1 will act as the master which control the
power flow on the line one independent of the line 2.
Converter 2 on the line 2 is meant for maintaining the DC
link voltage irrespective of variation in supply.

Fig5 shows the block diagram for the slave system. Fig4
shows the overall control structure of the master IPFC
system. This block diagram is similar to the block
diagram of the slave IPFC system and has many of the
same blocks except for two major differences: (a) the dc
voltage controller and (b) Impedance controller. Since the
dclink Voltage is controlled by the slave system, the dc
voltage Controller no longer needed.
.

Fig4 master control scheme of IPFC



Fig5 slave control scheme of IPFC

2.1 Study of line without IPFC

Simulink model of transmission line is as given in fig 6
whereas simulink model with IPFC consist of both control
scheme in between parallel transmission line operating at
a substation in the same corridor.



Fig.6 with base load condition without IPFC.
IJCAT - International Journal of Computing and Technology
Volume 1, Issue 1, February 2014
www.IJCAT.org

89



Fig7 with the increase in 10% load without IPFC



Fig8 with fault condition without IPFC

3. Conclusions

Comparative study considering three conditions can be
summaries in the table form are as follows.

Table1

WithoutIPFC

10%Increase in load

Fault
condition

Bus no.

B1 b2 B1 b2 B3
b5=b4
Vb 77.781
77.781
84.852 84.852 0
35.355
P 18.35
18.35
18.6 18.6 17
17
Q 25.85
25.85
24.99 24.99 26
26

Where vb is in KV, P is in MW.Q is in MVar






References
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[8] Master Slave Control Of Interline Power Flow
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K.V.V.S.R.Chowdary Assistant Prof.,School of Elect
Engineering , KIIT University, Bhubaneswar-
751024,India ,Akhilesh A.Nimje Assistant Prof.,School
of Elect Engineering KIIT University, Bhubaneswar-
751024,India.