Water waves change direction when they move from shallow water to deep water.

What is the name of this effect?

A diffraction
B dispersion
C reflection
D refraction
A vertical stick is dipped up and down in water at P. In two seconds three wave
crests are produced on the surface of the water.
Which statement is true?
A Distance ! is the amplitude of the waves.
B Distance " is the wavelength of the waves.
C #ach circle represents a wavefront.
D $he fre%uency of the waves is & '(.
An engineer standing at P hears the sound of an e)plosion at !.
After the e)plosion she hears two *angs. +ne *ang is heard a fraction of a second
after the other.
$he second *ang is an echo from
A !".
B P,.
C -".
D W!.
$he drawing shows a wave.
Which la*elled distance is the wavelength?
./ 0adio waves are received at a house at the *ottom of a hill.
$he waves reach the house *ecause the hill has caused them to *e
A diffracted.
B radiated.
C reflected.
D refracted.
$o estimate the width of a valley a clim*er starts a stopwatch as he shouts. 'e hears
an echo
from the opposite side of the valley after /.1 s.
$he sound travels at &21 m 3 s.
What is the width of the valley?
A 45 m B /61 m C &21 m D 741 m
Which is the *est description of the speed of a water wave?
A the distance *etween one wave crest and the ne)t
B the distance *etween the crest of a wave and a trough
C the distance that a particle of water moves up and down in one second
D the distance that a wavefront moves along the surface in one second
Water waves travel more slowly in shallow water than in deep water.
Which diagram shows what will happen to plane waves in deep water when they
enter shallow water?
$he diagram shows a man standing at ! who shouts to a man standing at ".
$he man8s voice will *e heard sooner and more clearly if the wind is *lowing towards
the
A north.
B south.
C east.
D west.
.5 9ounds are made *y vi*rating o*:ects. A certain o*:ect vi*rates *ut a person
near*y cannot hear
any sound.
Which statement might e)plain why nothing is heard?
A $he amplitude of the sound waves is too large.
B $he fre%uency of the vi*ration is too high.
C $he sound waves are transverse.
D $he speed of the sound waves is too high.
Plane water waves travel from a shallow region into a deeper region. $hey travel
more %uickly in
the deeper water.
Which diagram shows the wave pattern in the deeper water?
;usic is produced *y the loudspeaker of a radio.
Which property of the sound wave increases when the music is made louder?
A amplitude
B fre%uency
C speed
D wavelength
.2 A starting pistol is fired 721 m away from a spectator.
$he spectator hears the sound of the starting pistol two seconds after seeing the
flash from the gun.
What is the speed of sound in air?
A /71 m 3 s B &.1 m 3 s C 721 m 3 s D /.41 m 3 s
$he diagram represents water waves a*out to move into shallow water from deep
Which property of the waves remains the same after the waves move into shallow
water?
A fre%uency
B speed
C wavefront direction
D wavelength
A *attery<operated *ell is surrounded *y a *o) with dou*le walls.
$he *ell is ringing *ut no sound at all is heard outside the *o).
What is in the gap?
A a solid
B a li%uid
C a gas
D a vacuum
$wo sets of water waves overlap as shown in the diagram.
=rom which two points are the sets of waves coming?
A P and 9 B $ and 0 C > and $ D ? and >
$he diagrams show water waves that move more slowly after passing into shallow
water at the *roken line.
Which diagram shows what happens to the waves?
$he diagrams show e)amples of wave motion.
Which are longitudinal waves?
A / only
B / . and 2
C . and & only
D . and 2 only
A small *oat in a har*our is protected from waves on the sea *y har*our walls.
9ome waves can curve round the har*our walls and reach the *oat.
What is the name for this effect?
A diffraction
B dispersion
C reflection
D refraction
Which waves are longitudinal?
./ A navigation *uoy floating on the sea oscillates up and down as a wave passes.
In e)actly two minutes si) complete wavelengths pass the *uoy.
What is the fre%uency of the waves?
A 1.151 '( B 1.&& '( C &.1 '( D .1 '(
A police car siren emits two different sounds P and >. $hese are produced
alternately. $he
diagram represents the sounds emitted.
Which sound is the louder and which has the lower pitch?
9ound travels *y wave motion.
Which property of waves causes echoes?
A diffraction
B dispersion
C reflection
D refraction
.2 A student listens to a machine that makes sounds of different fre%uencies. 'e can
only hear one of the sounds.
Which fre%uency of sound is the student a*le to hear?
A . '( B /1 '( C . k'( D &1 k'(
Which row correctly descri*es light waves and radio waves?
$he diagram shows water waves passing through a gap in a har*our wall. $he waves
curve
round the wall and reach a small *oat in the har*our.
What is the name of this curving effect and how can the gap *e changed so that the
waves are less likely to reach the *oat?
$he diagrams represent the waves produced *y four sources of sound. $he scales
are the same for all the diagrams.
Which sound has the highest fre%uency?
Which change will lower the pitch of a sound?
A decreasing its amplitude
B decreasing its frequency
C increasing its amplitude
D increasing its frequency
25 Astronaut 1 uses a hammer to mend a satellite in space. Astronaut 2 is nearby.
There is no atmosphere in space.
Compared with the sound heard if they were working on Earth, what does astronaut
2 hear?
A no sound at all
B a quieter sound
C a sound of the same loudness
D a louder sound
Waves move from deep water to shallow water where they are slower.
Which diagram shows what happens to the waves?
A /11 metre race is started *y firing a gun. $he gun makes a *ang and a puff of
smoke comes out of the gun as shown.
When does the finishing :udge see the smoke and hear the *ang?
$he sounds produced *y two musical instruments are directed towards a microphone
connected to an oscilloscope @croA. $he waveforms produced on the screen are
shown.
$he waveforms show that the sounds produced have a different property.
What is the property?
A fre%uency
B speed
C tim*re @%ualityA
In an e)periment using a ripple tank plane wavefronts arrive at a plane surface.
Which of the following correctly descri*es the waves after they are reflected from the
surface?
Waves pass from deep water to shallow water and refraction occurs.
What is the speed of the waves in the shallow water?
A 1.. m 3 s B 1.4 m 3 s C ..1 m 3 s D 5.1 m 3 s
A *oy strikes a rigid metal fence with a stick to create a sound along the fence. A girl
listens withher ear against the fence. +ne second after the fence is struck the girl
hears a sound through the air.
'ow long will it take for the sound to reach the girl through the fence?
A 1 second
B less than / second
C / second
D more than / second
Which of the following is an e)ample of a transverse and a longitudinal wave?
$he diagram shows a water wave in a ripple tank.
$he wave has a speed of /. cm3s at R.
$he wave crosses a *oundary PQ where the distance *etween crests changes from
&.1 cm to /.5 cm.
What is the velocity of the wave at point S?
A &.1 cm3s
B 7.1 cm3s
C /. cm3s
D .2 cm3s
$he sounds produced *y two musical instruments are directed towards a microphone
connected to an oscilloscope @croA. $he waveforms produced on the screen are
shown.
$he waveforms show that the sounds produced have a different property.
What is the property?
A fre%uency
B speed
C tim*re @%ualityA
D wavelength
$he diagram shows a wave moving into shallower water.
$he wavelength of the waves is reduced *ecause
A *oth the fre%uency and the speed decrease.
B *oth the fre%uency and the speed increase.
C only the fre%uency increases.
D only the speed decreases.
$he diagram shows a loudspeaker that is producing a continuous sound wave of
fre%uency .11 '( in air.
Which diagram *est shows how the sound causes a molecule at P to move during
/3.11 s ?
Which diagram shows an e)ample of a longitudinal wave?
A light travelling from a lamp to a screen
B a spring pushed *ackwards and forwards
C a spring pushed up and down
D a water ripple caused *y a dipper moving up and down
.1 $he diagram shows part of a spring that is shaken from side to side to produce a
wave.
$he distance *etween successive peaks is 1.71 m and the fre%uency is ..5 '(.
'ow long does it take for a wave to travel &.1 m along the spring?
A 1..1 s B 1.51 s C ..1 s D 5.1 s
In an e)periment using a ripple tank plane wavefronts arrive at a plane surface.
plane surface
Which of the following correctly descri*es the waves after they are reflected from the
surface?
speed of waves wavelength
A faster shorter
B slower longer
C slower shorter
D the same the same
.. Waves pass from deep water to shallow water and refraction occurs.
What is the speed of the waves in the shallow water?
A 1.. m 3 s B 1.4 m 3 s C ..1 m 3 s D 5.1 m 3 s