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ALTERA DE2 DEVELOPMENT BOARD
DE2 Function Library Manual
Celoxica, the Celoxica logo and Handel-C are trademarks of Celoxica Limited.
Altera, Quartus are trademarks and/or service marks of Altera Corp.
All other products or services mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective owners.
Developed by CF Lai



Table of Contents
Introduction .............................................................................. 1
About This Manual .......................................................................... 1
Using the board support library ....................................................... 2
Installing the Library .............................................................................. 2
Setting up DK........................................................................................ 2
Specifying header files .......................................................................... 3
Setting up Quartus II ............................................................................. 4
Compiling and Running the design ........................................................ 5
Reference........................................................................................ 6
Flash Memory Driver ................................................................ 7
Overview......................................................................................... 7
Setting up the Flash Memory Driver ................................................ 7
Reading from and Writing to Flash Memory .................................... 7
Reading from Flash Memory ................................................................. 8
Writing to Flash Memory........................................................................ 8
SRAM....................................................................................... 9
Overview......................................................................................... 9
Setting up the SRAM Driver ............................................................ 9
Reading from and Writing to SRAM ................................................ 9
Reading from SRAM ............................................................................. 9
Writing to SRAM.................................................................................. 10
SDRAM.................................................................................. 11
Overview....................................................................................... 11
Setting up the SDRAM Driver........................................................ 11
Reading from and Writing to SDRAM............................................ 11
Reading from SDRAM......................................................................... 12
Writing to SDRAM............................................................................... 12
PS/2 Mouse Driver ................................................................. 13
Overview....................................................................................... 13
Setting up a Mouse Driver ............................................................. 13
VGA Display Generation ........................................................ 15
Overview....................................................................................... 15
VGA Video Driver .......................................................................... 15
Setting up the Video Driver ........................................................... 15
Useful Marco expressions ............................................................. 16


LCD Display Module............................................................... 18
Overview....................................................................................... 18
Writing to the LCD Module ............................................................ 18
Displaying Hexadecimal number ................................................... 19
Useful Marco expressions ............................................................. 19
Switches................................................................................. 20
Accessing the Toggle Switches..................................................... 20
Accessing the Pushbuttons Switches............................................ 20
7-Segment Displays & LEDs .................................................. 21
Overview....................................................................................... 21
Using the 7-Segment Displays ...................................................... 21
Writing a specified bit pattern .............................................................. 21
Displaying hexadecimal numbers ........................................................ 22
Disabling a particular display ............................................................... 22
Driving the LEDs ........................................................................... 23
Expansion Header.................................................................. 24
Overview....................................................................................... 24
Assessing the Expansion Headers................................................ 24
Index ...................................................................................... 25

DE2 Function Library Manual 1
Introduction
About This Manual
The DE2 Function Library de2lib.zip, is a library of Handel-C macros and functions
designs that enable you to produce Handel-C design on the DE2 board easily. The
instructions on this manual are based on Quartus II and DK4.
The DE2 Library contains the following functionality:
Memory
Macros to access the 8 Mbyte, 8 bit wide Flash memory.
Macros to access the 512 Kbyte, 16 bit wide SRAM.
Macros to access the 8 Mbyte, 16 bit wide SDRAM.
PS/2 port
Generic PS/2 mouse driver
Video
Driver for the Video DAC on the board for generating VGA display
on a standard monitor.
LCD Display
Driver for the 16x2 LCD module for displaying ASCII characters.
Switches
Driver for the 18 toggle switches and the 4 pushbutton switches.
7-Segment Displays & LEDs
Macros to display hexadecimal characters on the 7-Segment
Displays and drive the LEDs on the board.
Chapter
1
Chapter 1: Introduction
DE2 Function Library Manual 2
Expansion Header
Driver for the two 40-pin expansion headers on the board.
Further information about the DE2 board can be found in the DE2 User Manual
1
.
Using the board support library
Installing the Library
1. Download the DE2 library de2lib.zip
2. Unzip the contents into your working directory (e.g. H:\de2project).
Setting up DK
1. Start DK (Select Start>Programs>Celoxica>DK Design Suite>DK)
2. Create a new project (Select File>New) specifying the device (chip
name), project name and location as shown below:

3. Include the de2lib library files (Select Tools>Options, under the
Directories tab add the unzipped de2lib folder, e.g.
H:\de2project\de2lib and click OK).


1
http://www.altera.com/education/univ/materials/boards/DE2_UserManual.pdf
Chapter 1: Introduction
DE2 Function Library Manual 3
4. Add the DE2 library (Select Project>Settings, under the Linker tab
add de2.hcl to the Object/library modules, path: de2lib\de2.hcl)
5. Set the file type for the Handel-C output files which will be used in
Quartus II. (Select Build>Set Active Configuration, highlight EDIF
and click OK)
Specifying header files
You need to create a new source file for your project. (Click on and select
Handel-C Source File, give it a file name of your choice) You should now see the
following in your File View window.

Figure 1 screenshot of the object window in DK after the initial setup
In the new source file (xxx.hcc) that you have just created, add the following to
specify the clock rate and include the DE2 library.
1. Specify the clock rate: set clock = external "N2";
2. Include the DE2 library: #include "DE2.hch"
The DE2 provides two fixed clocks that are connected as follows:
FUNCTION FPGA PIN
Fixed clock 27 MHz D13
Fixed clock 50 MHz N2

Example library instantiation

set clock = external "N2"; //use the 50 MHz clock
#include "DE2.hch" //include the DE2 library
void main(void)
{
//some code
}
Chapter 1: Introduction
DE2 Function Library Manual 4
Your code does not do anything yet, but compile the project and check that it
returns with no error and a folder EDIF is created under your working directory.
Setting up Quartus II
In the last section, you have created the EDIF file which contains the hardware
descriptions of your design. This section will explain how you can synthesis this
design and load it on to the DE2 board.
1. Locate the .edf file which was created by DK under the EDIF folder.
(e.g. H:\de2project\EDIF\de2project.edf)
2. Start Quartus II (Select Start>Programs>Altera>Quartus II)
3. Start a new project (Select File>New Project Wizard)
4. Select your working directory, it is recommended that you choose the
EDIF folder created by DK i.e. H:\de2project\EDIF, otherwise you will
need to copy the .edf file to your working directory every time you make
changes to your Handel-C project.

5. After you click next, select the .edf file and add that to your project.
Also add the de2lib folder using the User Libraries button.
6. Specify the device: Choose Family>Cyclone II and EP2C35F672C6
and leave the other settings as default. You can find the EP2C number
on the FPGA chip on the DE2 board.
7. Click Finish and you should see the following under your Project
Navigator window.

Chapter 1: Introduction
DE2 Function Library Manual 5
8. Specify options for synthesis (Select Assignments>Settings, under
EDA Tool Settings click on Design Entry/Synthesis). Set the options as
shown in the following screenshot.

Figure 2 Setting for Design Entry/Synthesis for a Handel-C design
9. Setting unused pins to tri-stated: (Select Assignments>Device, click
on the Device & Pin Options button and select the Unused Pins tab).
Set the unused pins As inputs, tri-stated as shown in Figure 3 and
click the OK button to confirm.

Figure 3 Settings for unused pins
Compiling and Running the design
You only need to perform the steps mentioned above once which set up both DK
and Quartus. The steps mentioned in this section are essential and need to be run
every time you change your Handel-C design in DK.
1. As the Handel-C source code does not contain any function, replace
the void main section of your code with the following if you want to see
action on the DE2 board.
Chapter 1: Introduction
DE2 Function Library Manual 6
void main(void)
{
DE2_SW_MASK SW; //declare variable SW as type DE2_SW_MASK
do
{
DE2SW(SW); //read input from the toggle switches
DE2SetLEDRs(SW); //shows the switches input on LEDs
} while(1);
}
2. Assign pins (Select Tools>Tcl Scripts, highlight the one under Project
e.g. de2project and click Run). This .tcl file stores the pin assignments
of your design to the actual FPGA pins.
3. Start Compilation , this builds everything necessary for loading your
design on to the DE2 board.
4. Turn on the DE2 board and make sure that the RUN/PROG switch is
switched to RUN. (Please refer to the DE2 user menu for more details)
5. Program the FPGA Click on the programmer button to invoke the
programmer dialogue box. Make sure it is connected and choose
JTAG mode, add the .sof file and click on Program/Configure check
box then click Start.
6. When the programming finishes, you can toggle the switches on the
DE2 board and you should see the red LEDs are set by the switch right
below it.

Note
If everything compiled but the board does not function as expected, it is
very likely that you forgot to run the tcl script. This script must be run
before compiling the project.
Reference
DE2 Development and Education Board User Manual
Handel-C Language Reference Manual


DE2 Function Library Manual 7
Flash Memory Driver
Overview
The DE2 board has one 8-bit wide, 1-Mbyte Flash Memory, it is ideally for storing
data after powering off. To write to the Flash memory, you must erase it first.
Erasing sets all the bits to 1, this is necessary because during programming, 1 can
be set to 0 but 0 cannot be set to 1.
Setting up the Flash Memory Driver
In order to use the Flash memory, you must first set up the driver by:
1. Initialize the Flash Memory Driver by calling the DE2FLASHDriver()
macro.
2. Pass a pointer of type DE2FLASH to the macro as a parameter.
Example: Setting up the Flash memory Driver

set clock = external "N2";

#include "DE2.hch"

void main(void)
{
DE2_FLASH FLASH; //Create a FLASH Driver structure

DE2FLASHDriver(&FLASH); //Passing a pointer - type DE2_FLASH
}
Reading from and Writing to Flash Memory
There are two macros for reading from and writing to the Flash memory. You must
ensure that you do not read and write to the Flash memory at the same time.
Chapter
2
Chapter 2: Flash Memory
DE2 Function Library Manual 8
Reading from Flash Memory
macro proc DE2ReadFLASH(Address, Data, FLASH)
PARAMETERS DESCRIPTION TYPE
Address Contains the address of the memory location unsigned 22
Data Value at the location specify but the address unsigned 8
FLASH Pointer for the FLASH Memory Driver DE2_FLASH

Writing to Flash Memory
macro proc DE2WriteFLASH(Address, Data, FLASH)
PARAMETERS DESCRIPTION TYPE
Address Contains the address of the memory location unsigned 22
Data Value at the location specify but the address unsigned 8
FLASH Pointer for the FLASH Memory Driver DE2_FLASH

Note
It is the user responsibility to ensure that the Flash memory is not being
written to and reading from at the same time. The Flash memory is 1-
Mbyte in size which is enough to store a 640x480 24-bit RGB image
(921600-byte), however it is not fast enough to be used for displaying the
image in a pixel by pixel basis.


DE2 Function Library Manual 9
SRAM
Overview
The DE2 board has one 16-bit wide, 512-Kbyte SRAM, it is ideally for caching data
for fast access.
Setting up the SRAM Driver
In order to use the SRAM, you must first set up the SRAM Driver by:
3. Initialize the SRAM Driver by calling the DE2SRAMDriver() macro.
4. Pass a pointer of type DE2SRAM to the macro as a parameter.
Example: Setting up the SRAM Driver

set clock = external "N2";

#include "DE2.hch"

void main(void)
{
DE2_SRAM SRAM; //Create a SRAM Driver structure

DE2SRAMDriver(&SRAM); //Passing a pointer of type DE2_SRAM
}
Reading from and Writing to SRAM
There are in total three separate macros for reading from and writing to the SRAM.
You must ensure that you use the correct one and you must not read and write to
the SRAM at the same time.
Reading from SRAM
macro proc DE2ReadSRAM(Address, Data, SRAM)
Chapter
3
Chapter 3: SRAM

DE2 Function Library Manual 10
PARAMETERS DESCRIPTION TYPE
Address Contains the address of the RAM location unsigned 18
Data Value at the location specify but the address unsigned 16
SRAM Pointer for the SRAM Driver DE2_SRAM

Writing to SRAM
There are two types of macros for writing to the SRAM, the first type writes Data to
all 16-bit of the SRAM:
macro proc DE2ReadSRAM(Address, Data, SRAM)
With the second type macro, individual bytes of the SRAM can be written indicated
by the type DE2_SRAM_MASK.
macro proc DE2ReadMaskSRAM(Address, Data, Mask, SRAM)
PARAMETERS DESCRIPTION TYPE
Address Contains the address of the RAM location unsigned 18
Data Value at the location specify but the address unsigned 16
Mask 2-bit mask indicating which bytes should be
updated
DE2_SRAM_MASK
SRAM Pointer for the SRAM Driver DE2_SRAM

Note
It is the user responsibility to ensure that the SRAM is not being written
to and reading from at the same time. The SRAM is 512-Kbyte in size
which is enough to store an 800x600 8-bit grayscale image (480-Kbyte)
for display, consider using the SDRAM for displaying a color image.


DE2 Function Library Manual 11
SDRAM
Overview
The DE2 board has one 16-bit wide, 8-Mbyte SDRAM, which can be used for
frame buffer. The SDRAM is clocked at 100 MHz and this library support using the
SDRAM as a SRAM.
Setting up the SDRAM Driver
In order to use the SDRAM, you must first set up the driver by:
5. Initialize the Flash Memory Driver by calling the DE2SDRAMDriver()
macro.
6. Pass a pointer of type DE2SDRAM to the macro as a parameter.
Example: Setting up the SDRAM Driver

set clock = external "N2";

#include "DE2.hch"

void main(void)
{
DE2_SDRAM SDRAM; //Create a SDRAM Driver structure

DE2SDRAMDriver(&SDRAM); //Passing a pointer of type DE2_SRAM
}
Reading from and Writing to SDRAM
There are two macros for reading from and writing to the SDRAM. You must
ensure that you do not read and write to the SDRAM at the same time.

Chapter
4
Chapter 4: SDRAM
DE2 Function Library Manual 12
Reading from SDRAM
macro proc DE2ReadSDRAM(Address, Data, SDRAM)
PARAMETERS DESCRIPTION TYPE
Address Contains the address of the memory location unsigned 22
Data Value at the location specify but the address unsigned 16
SDRAM Pointer for the SDRAM Driver DE2_SDRAM

Writing to SDRAM
macro proc DE2WriteSDRAM(Address, Data, SDRAM)
PARAMETERS DESCRIPTION TYPE
Address Contains the address of the memory location unsigned 22
Data Value at the location specify but the address unsigned 16
SDRAM Pointer for the SDRAM Driver DE2_SDRAM

Note
It is the user responsibility to ensure that the SDRAM is not being
written to and reading from at the same time.



DE2 Function Library Manual 13
PS/2 Mouse Driver
Overview
The DE2 library contains driver for PS/2 compatible mouse which can be
connected to the PS/2 port on the board. A Genius NetScroll + mouse (a three
button mouse) was used to test the driver. The driver does not support the scrolling
wheel on mouse device with wheels.
Setting up a Mouse Driver
To set up a mouse driver, you need to:
1. Install the mouse driver by calling the macro procedure
DE2MouseDriver().
2. Pass a pointer of type DE2_PS2_MOUSE to the macro as a parameter.
The type DE2_PS2_MOUSE has the following structure:
typedef struct
{
signal unsigned 10 PointerX;
signal unsigned 10 PointerY;
signal unsigned 1 LeftButton;
signal unsigned 1 MiddleButton;
signal unsigned 1 RightButton;
signal unsigned 10 MaxX;
signal unsigned 10 MaxY;
}DE2_PS2_MOUSE;

PARAMETERS DESCRIPTION
PointerX Current X coordinates of the mouse pointer
PointerY Current X coordinates of the mouse pointer
Chapter
5
Chapter 5: PS/2 Mouse Driver
DE2 Function Library Manual 14
LeftButton State of the left button on the mouse (1 = pressed, 0 = released)
MiddleButton State of the middle button on the mouse (1 = pressed, 0 = released)
RightButton State of the right button on the mouse (1 = pressed, 0 = released)
MaxX Maximum value of the mouse pointer on the screen in the X-direction
MaxY Maximum value of the mouse pointer on the screen in the Y-direction

The default position of the mouse pointer (PointerX,PointerY) are being set to the
middle of the screen on the default resolution 800 x 600 pixels. And the MaxX and
MaxY are by default set to 799 and 599 respectively.

Example Displaying a mouse pointer

set clock = external "N2";
#include "DE2.hch"
macro proc Pointer(VideoPtr, MousePtr)
{
//find the code in the file called pointer.hcc
2
, this //code
uses the mouse button to switch between two backgrounds
}
void main(void)
{
DE2_PS2_MOUSE Mouse;
DE2_VGA_DRIVER Video;
par
{
DE2PS2MouseDriver(&Mouse);
DE2VideoDriver800x600(&Video);
Pointer(&Video,&Mouse);
}
}


2
File pointer.hcc is located under the folder sample code within the de2lib folder


DE2 Function Library Manual 15
VGA Display Generation
Overview
The DE2 board can generate a VGA display on LCD / CRT monitor, the DE2
library uses the 30-bit color video DAC to generate the required signals.
The DE2 library contains:
DE2VideoDriver800x600, a video driver macro
Macro expressions to provide information of the display
VGA Video Driver
The DE2VideoDriver800x600 macro generates all the signals required for a
monitor using the VGA 800x600 video standard, including the horizontal and
vertical sync signals.
The driver output the current x and y coordinates of the scan on the screen and
you must assign the desire RGB (30bits) value on a pixel by pixel basis.
The screen scan from the top left pixel, starting from (0,0) and finishes at (799,599)
for the visible region. The invisible part of the scan is called the blanking region,
you can find out if you are in the visible region by check the parameter Visible.
The pixel clock for this driver runs at 50MHz yielding 800 horizontal pixels and 600
vertical pixels. Therefore your design must be run at 50MHz or faster for the RGB
value to be loaded correctly.
Setting up the Video Driver
Steps for setting up the video driver:
Call DE2VideoDriver800x600 macro procedure to install the video
driver.
Chapter
6
Chapter 6: VGA Display Generation
DE2 Function Library Manual 16
Pass a pointer of type DE2_VGA_DRIVER to macro as a
parameter.
The type DE2_VGA_DRIVER has the following structure:
typedef struct
{
signal unsigned 30 Output;
signal unsigned 10 ScanX;
signal unsigned 10 ScanY;
signal unsigned 1 Visible;
} DE2_VGA_DRIVER;

PARAMETERS DESCRIPTION
Output The 30 bits RGB signals to be displayed.
ScanX Current horizontal pixel being display.
ScanY Current vertical pixel being display.
Visible Stating whether the current scans coordinate is visible.
screensaver Indicate whether the screensaver is on or off. (1 for on, 0 for off)

Useful Marco expressions
There are three macro expressions that provide information of the display that
comes with the DE2 library including:
DE2VisibleCols number of visible columns.
DE2VisibleLines number of visible lines.
Example Installing the Video Driver

set clock = external "N2"; //use the 50 MHz clock
#include "DE2.hch" //include the DE2 library

macro proc ColourScreen(VideoPtr)
{
unsigned 10 temp;
macro expr sx = VideoPtr->ScanX;
macro expr sy = VideoPtr->ScanY;

do
Chapter 6: VGA Display Generation
DE2 Function Library Manual 17
{
if (VideoPtr->Visible != 0)
{
VideoPtr->Output = sx @ sy @ temp;
}
else
{
delay;
}
} while(1);
}

void main(void)
{
DE2_VGA_DRIVER Video;

par
{
DE2VideoDriver800x600(&Video);
ColourScreen(&Video);
}
}

This sample code (colourscreen.hcc) generate a 800x600 VGA display with colour
channel Red and Green set to Current X and Y resulting in a colour change from
the left of the screen to the right of the screen.


DE2 Function Library Manual 18
LCD Display Module
Overview
The DE2 board has a 2 x 16 digits LCD Module which can be used to display text.
The DE2 library contains macro that allows you to:
Write ASCII characters to the LCD Module.
Function to convert hexadecimal number into ASCII.
Macro expressions for common characters, e.g. A-Z.
Writing to the LCD Module
You can write to the 7-segment display using the macro procedure:
DE2LCDDriver(line)
PARAMETERS DESCRIPTION TYPE
line Line of characters in ASCII DE2_LCD_LINE

Please refer a ASCII table for the ASCII code for characters, the characters which
are supported include:
!"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?
@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_
`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~
Please note that you do not need to find the code for characters A-Z, a-z and
space as the library contains macro expressions for these characters.

Chapter
7
Chapter 7: LCD Display Module
DE2 Function Library Manual 19
Displaying Hexadecimal number
The DE2 library contains a macro expr for converting Hex number into ASCII:
macro expr hex2ascii(hex)
PARAMETERS DESCRIPTION TYPE
hex A hexadecimal for converting into ASCII. unsigned 4

This function returns the ASCII code for the hexadecimal number that is inputted.
Useful Marco expressions
The DE2 library contains a few macro expressions that are useful for displaying
text on the LCD module, these include:
Characters A Z and a z
sp for Space
blank_line for displaying a blank screen on the LCD module

Example displaying a line of text on the LCD module

set clock = external "N2"; //use the 50 MHz clock
#include "DE2.hch" //include the DE2 library

void main(void)
{
DE2_LCD_LINE line;

line = hex2ascii(0x1<-4) @ sp @ H @ e @ l @ l @ o @ sp @
w @ o @ r @ l @ d @ blank_line<-152;

DE2LCDDriver(line);
}

This sample code will display 1 Hello world on the screen.


DE2 Function Library Manual 20
Switches
Accessing the Toggle Switches
You can obtain inputs from the 18 toggle switches with the macro procedure:
DE2SW(mask)
PARAMETERS DESCRIPTION TYPE
mask Each bit corresponds to each toggle switches. unsigned 18

For example, if only SW0 is set to low (closest to the edge of the board), variable
SW will return the following bit pattern: 111111111111111110 when you call
DE2SW(SW).
Accessing the Pushbuttons Switches
There are 4 pushbuttons switches on the DE2 board marked as KEY0 to KEY3.
Each switch provides a high logic level 1 when it is not pressed, and provides a
low logic level 0 when depressed.
You can get the status of these pushbuttons switches with macro procedure:
DE2Key(mask)
PARAMETERS DESCRIPTION TYPE
mask Each bit corresponds to each pushbutton switches. unsigned 4

For example, if only KEY3 is pressed, variable KEY will return the bit pattern 0111
when DE2Key(mask) is being called.

Chapter
8

DE2 Function Library Manual 21
7-Segment Displays & LEDs
Overview
The DE2 board has eight 7-segment displays, eighteen red LEDs and nine green
LEDs. The DE2 library contains macros that allow you to:
Write to the 7-segment displays.
Display hexadecimal numbers on the 7-segment displays.
Access eighteen red LEDs and nine green LEDs on the board.
Using the 7-Segment Displays
To use a 7-segment display, you can use macros to:
Write a specified bit pattern to it.
Write hexadecimal digits to it.
Writing a specified bit pattern
You can write to the 7-segment display using the macro procedure:
DE2Set7Seg(SegN, Pattern)
PARAMETERS DESCRIPTION TYPE
SegN The display number (integer 0-8). unsigned 3
Pattern The pattern to be displayed on the display. unsigned 7

For the map of the bits pattern, please refer to Figure 4:

Chapter
9
Chapter 9: 7-Segment Displays & LEDs
DE2 Function Library Manual 22

Figure 4 position and index map of the 7-segment displays
The library also include a pre-define type DE2_7SEG for the pattern of the displays
which is useful if you are writing a pattern to the displays.
Displaying hexadecimal numbers
The library also supports display of hexadecimal numbers, you can use the
following macro procedure to display a hexadecimal number on the displays.
DE2Set7SegDigit(SegN, hexdigit)
PARAMETERS DESCRIPTION TYPE
SegN The display number (integer 0-8). unsigned 3
hexdigit The hexadecimal number that you want to display. unsigned 4

Disabling a particular display
It is likely that you do not need to use all display and would like disable some of
them, you may do this by calling the following macro procedure:
DE2Disable7Seg(SegN)
PARAMETERS DESCRIPTION TYPE
SegN The display number (integer 0-8). unsigned 3

Note
The display numbers are marked on the board from HEX0 to HEX7.
You must not write and display a hex number on the same display at the
same time.
Chapter 9: 7-Segment Displays & LEDs
DE2 Function Library Manual 23
Example displaying numbers on the 7-Segment displays
3


set clock = external "N2"; //use the 50 MHz clock
#include "DE2.hch" //include the DE2 library

void main(void)
{
do
{
par //run in parallel
{
DE2Set7SegDigit(0,0x1); //display digit 1 on HEX0
DE2Set7SegDigit(1,0x2); //display digit 2 on HEX1
DE2Set7SegDigit(2,0x3); //display digit 3 on HEX2
DE2Disable7Seg(3); //disable display HEX3
}
} while(1);
}

Driving the LEDs
The green and red LEDs on the DE2 board can be driven using different macro
procedures described below:
macro proc DE2SetLEDRs(mask)
PARAMETERS DESCRIPTION TYPE
mask Each bit corresponds to each red LEDs. unsigned 18

macro proc DE2SetLEDGs(mask)
PARAMETERS DESCRIPTION TYPE
mask Each bit corresponds to each green LEDs. unsigned 9

The bits of the mask corresponds directly to the LEDs, e.g. to turning on only
LEDG6, call DE2SetLEDGs(001000000).


3
Source code 7seg.hcc is located at the sample code folder within the de2lib directory

DE2 Function Library Manual 24
Expansion Header
Overview
The DE2 board has two 40-pin expansion headers / GPIO (General Purpose I/O).
The DE2 Library includes macros that allow you to
Write to or read from the expansion headers
Assessing the Expansion Headers
You can access the expansion headers using the macro procedure:
DE2GPIO_0(PinN,IO,Data)
DE2GPIO_1(PinN,IO,Data)
PARAMETERS DESCRIPTION TYPE
PinN Pin number of the expansion header (0-40) unsigned 6
IO Set the particular pin to input or output taking value
1 or 0. 1 for input and 0 for output.
unsigned 1
Data Data to be written to or read from the particular pin unsigned 1

For example, to read a value from pin 0 on the expansion header GPIO_0 (JP1),
you would call DE2GPIO_0(0,1,data).

Chapter
10 10 10 10

DE2 Function Library Manual 25
Index
7-Segment Displays, 1, 21
Expansion Header, 25
Flash Memory, 7
LCD, 1, 17
LEDs, 1, 2, 21, 24
Memory, 1
PS/2 port, 1
SDRAM, 11
SRAM, 7, 9
Switches, 1, 19
Pushbuttons Switches, 19
Toggle Switches, 19
VGA, 14
Video, 1