Communists

Take Power
in China

Communisms Takes Over China

Questions
________________________________________________________
Notes:
________________________________________________________
Communists Take Power in China
________________________________________________________
A. Communists vs. Nationalists
________________________________________________________
i. before WWII, communists and nationalists
________________________________________________________
fought a bloody civil war with thousands dying
________________________________________________________
ii. 1933 communists forced on Long March
________________________________________________________
iii. the sides unite to fight Japanese invasion 1937
________________________________________________________
iv. Mao Zedong (communist) controls north and
________________________________________________________
Jiang Jieshi (nationalist) controls south
________________________________________________________
v. after WWII civil war resumes nationalist lose
________________________________________________________
and retreat to the island of Taiwan
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

Two Chinas

Peoples Republic of China

Mao Zedong

Republic of China

Jiang Jieshi

China under Mao Zedong

1949 - 1976

Mao Zedong
A revolution to remove 3 big
mountains
imperialism
feudalism
capitalism

United Front of
workers
Peasants
Bourgeoisie (middle class)

Questions
________________________________________________________
Notes:
________________________________________________________
Communists Take Power in China
________________________________________________________
A. Communists vs. Nationalists
________________________________________________________
i. before WWII, communists and nationalists
________________________________________________________
fought a bloody civil war with thousands dying
________________________________________________________
ii. 1933 communists forced on Long March
________________________________________________________
iii. the sides unite to fight Japanese invasion 1937
________________________________________________________
iv. Mao Zedong (communist) controls north and
________________________________________________________
Jiang Jieshi (nationalist) controls south
________________________________________________________
v. after WWII civil war resumes nationalist lose
________________________________________________________
and retreat to the island of Taiwan
________________________________________________________
B. The Two Chinas Affect the Cold War
________________________________________________________
i. USA supported nationalists USSR communists
________________________________________________________
ii. Communists expand into Tibet, Inner Mongolia,
________________________________________________________
and India
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

Stages of the Chinese

Revolution
KMT - CCP Civil War (1946-1949)
Recovery and Socialism (1949-1956)
Rethinking the Soviet model (19561957)
Great Leap Forward (1958-1961)
Recovery & growing elite division
(1962-5)
Great Proletarian Cultural
Revolution (1966-1976)

Questions
________________________________________________________
Notes:
________________________________________________________
Communists Take Power in China
________________________________________________________
A. Communists vs. Nationalists
________________________________________________________
B. The Two Chinas Affect the Cold War
________________________________________________________
i. USA supported nationalists USSR communists
________________________________________________________
ii. Communists expand into Tibet, Inner Mongolia,
________________________________________________________
and India
________________________________________________________
C. The Communists Transform China
________________________________________________________
i. Agrarian Reform Law (1950) communists took
________________________________________________________
land from landlords and gave to peasants who
________________________________________________________
lived in collectivized farms
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

Great Leap Forward (1958-1960)

abandon the Soviet model of

economic development
Soviet scientific planning

mass mobilization
peoples communes

Great Leap Forward (1958-1960)

unrealistic output targets
industry
agricultural and human disaster

Maos Popularity
God-like

success of 5-year Plan

victory in Civil War

victory against Japan

failure of Great Leap Forward

Long March

Goat
1935

1940

1945

1950

1955

1960

Questions
________________________________________________________
Notes:
________________________________________________________
Communists Take Power in China
________________________________________________________
A. Communists vs. Nationalists
________________________________________________________
B. The Two Chinas Affect the Cold War
________________________________________________________
i. USA supported nationalists USSR communists
________________________________________________________
ii. Communists expand into Tibet, Inner Mongolia,
________________________________________________________
and India
________________________________________________________
C. The Communists Transform China
________________________________________________________
i. Agrarian Reform Law (1950) communists took
________________________________________________________
land from landlords and gave to peasants who
________________________________________________________
lived in collectivized farms
________________________________________________________
ii. Mao started successful five-year-plan in
________________________________________________________
1953
________________________________________________________
iii. in 1958 the Great Leap Forward started with
________________________________________________________
communes massive collectivized farms
________________________________________________________
iv. poor planning led to failure and famine that
________________________________________________________
killed 20 million people Mao lost influence
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

Cultural Revolution: Red Guards

(1966-69)

Cultural Revolution (1966-69)

Diplomatic Breakthrough
1971, PRC became the
representative of China in UN
(replaced ROC)

Diplomatic Breakthrough
1972, President Nixon visited
Beijing

Mao and Zhou Died in 1976

Turning point in Chinas postwar era
End of the Cultural Revolution

Questions
________________________________________________________
Notes:
________________________________________________________
Communists Take Power in China
________________________________________________________
A. Communists vs. Nationalists
________________________________________________________
B. The Two Chinas Affect the Cold War
________________________________________________________
i. USA supported nationalists USSR communists
________________________________________________________
ii. Communists expand into Tibet, Inner Mongolia,
________________________________________________________
and India
________________________________________________________
C. The Communists Transform China
________________________________________________________
i. Agrarian Reform Law (1950) communists took
________________________________________________________
land from landlords and gave to peasants who
________________________________________________________
lived in collectivized farms
________________________________________________________
ii. Mao started successful five-year-plan in
________________________________________________________
1953
________________________________________________________
iii. in 1958 the Great Leap Forward started with
________________________________________________________
communes massive collectivized farms
________________________________________________________
iv. poor planning led to failure and famine that
________________________________________________________
killed 20 million people Mao lost influence
________________________________________________________
v. China and USSR separated in 1950s
________________________________________________________
vi. in 1960s, Mao encourages young Chinese to form
________________________________________________________
Red Guards and take over China with the
________________________________________________________
Cultural Revolution (1966-1968) that was chaos
________________________________________________________

Maos legacies