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  • What is HTML? The Basics Explained

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    Gibin George
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    HTML is a markup language that defines the structure and layout of web pages using tags to annotate text, images and other content. It allows the creation of hyperlinks between documents to provide navigation. Web browsers read HTML documents and display them on screen, ignoring the tags but using them to interpret the content. HTML documents are composed of elements including headings, paragraphs, lists, links and images that are nested within <html>, <head> and <body> tags.

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    HTML GUIDE

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    HTML

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    HTML is a markup language that defines the structure and layout of web pages using tags to annotate text, images and other content. It allows the creation of hyperlinks between documents to provide navigation. Web browsers read HTML documents and display them on screen, ignoring the tags but using them to interpret the content. HTML documents are composed of elements including headings, paragraphs, lists, links and images that are nested within <html>, <head> and <body> tags.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Scarica in formato DOCX, PDF, TXT o leggi online su Scribd
    Segnala contenuti inappropriati
    44 visualizzazioni16 pagine

    What is HTML? The Basics Explained

    Caricato da

    Gibin George
    HTML is a markup language that defines the structure and layout of web pages using tags to annotate text, images and other content. It allows the creation of hyperlinks between documents to provide navigation. Web browsers read HTML documents and display them on screen, ignoring the tags but using them to interpret the content. HTML documents are composed of elements including headings, paragraphs, lists, links and images that are nested within <html>, <head> and <body> tags.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Scarica in formato DOCX, PDF, TXT o leggi online su Scribd
    Segnala contenuti inappropriati
    di 16

    What is HTML?

    The definition of HTML is HyperText Markup Language.


    HyperText is the method by which you move around on the web by clicking on
    special text called hyperlinks which bring you to the next page. The fact that it is hyper
    just means it is not linear i.e. you can go to any place on the Internet whenever you
    want by clicking on links there is no set order to do things in.
    Markup is what HTML tags do to the text inside them. They mark it as a certain type of
    text (italicised text, for example).
    HTML is not a programming language, it is a markup language
    A markup language is a set of markup tags
    HTML uses markup tags to describe web pages.
    HTML Documents = Web Pages
    HTML documents describe web pages
    HTML documents contain HTML tags and plain text and saved with .html extension
    HTML documents are also called web pages
    Web Browser
    The purpose of a web browser (like Internet Explorer or Firefox) is to read HTML
    documents and display them as web pages. The browser does not display the HTML tags,
    but uses the tags to interpret the content of the page
    If a browser doesn't understand a tag it will usually ignore it.
    Editing HTML
    HTML can be written and edited using many different editors like Dreamweaver and
    Visual Studio or simply text editor.

    HTML Comments
    Comments can be inserted into the HTML code to make it more readable and understandable.
    Comments are ignored by the browser and are not displayed.
    Comments are written like this:
    Example
    <!-- This is a comment -->
    Comments can be placed in either the head or body of your documents
    HTML Structure

    <html>
    The <html> tag tells the browser that this is an HTML document.
    The <html> element is also known as the root element.
    The <html> tag is the container for all other HTML elements

    <head>
    The <head> element is a container for all the head elements.
    The <head> element must include a title for the document, and can include scripts, styles,
    meta information, and more.
    The following elements can go inside the <head> element:
    <title> (this element is required in the head section)
    <style>
    <base>
    <link>
    <meta>
    <script>
    <noscript>
    <title>
    All HTML documents have just one title which is displayed at the top of the browser
    window.
    <body>
    The <body> tag defines the document's body.
    The <body> element contains all the contents of an HTML document, such as text,
    hyperlinks, images, tables, lists, etc.
    HTML Tags
    HTML markup tags are usually called HTML tags
    HTML tags are keywords surrounded by angle brackets like <html>
    HTML tags normally come in pairs like <b> and </b>
    The first tag in a pair is the start tag, the second tag is the end tag
    Start and end tags are also called opening tags and closing tags
    HTML Elements

    An HTML element is everything from the start tag to the end tag


    HTML Element Syntax
    An HTML element starts with a start tag / opening tag
    An HTML element ends with an end tag / closing tag
    The element content is everything between the start and the end tag
    Some HTML elements have empty content
    Empty elements are closed in the start tag
    Most HTML elements can have attributes
    Empty HTML Elements
    HTML elements with no content are called empty elements.
    Example: <br> is an empty element without a closing tag (the <br> tag defines a line break).
    HTML Attributes
    HTML elements can have attributes
    Attributes provide additional information about an element
    Attributes are always specified in the start tag
    Attributes come in name/value pairs like: name="value"
    HTML Text Formatting Tags
    Tag Description
    <b> Defines bold text
    <big> Defines big text
    <em> Defines emphasized text
    <i> Defines italic text
    <small> Defines small text
    <strong> Defines strong text
    <sub> Defines subscripted text
    <sup> Defines superscripted text
    <ins> Defines inserted text
    <del> Defines deleted text
    Example:

    HTML <font> Tag
    Specify the font size, font face and color of text:
    <font size="3" color="red">This is some text!</font>
    <font size="2" color="blue">This is some text!</font>
    <font face="verdana" color="green">This is some text!</font>



    HTML headings.
    The <h1> to <h6> tags are used to define HTML headings.
    <h1> defines the most important heading. <h6> defines the least important heading.
    H1 headings should be used as main headings, followed by H2 headings, then the less important
    H3 headings, and so on.


    Line Break
    The <br> tag inserts a single line break.
    The <br> tag is an empty tag which means that it has no end tag.
    Paragraph
    The <p> tag defines a paragraph.
    Browsers automatically add some space (margin) before and after each <p> element.

    Example: <p align="right">This is some text in a paragraph.</p>
    <p>This is my first paragraph.</p>
    The <p> element defines a paragraph in the HTML document. The element has a start tag <p>
    and an end tag </p>. The element content is: This is my first paragraph.
    Horizontal Line
    The <hr> tag creates a horizontal line in an HTML page.
    The <hr> element can be used to separate content in an HTML page.
    The <hr> tag has no end tag.

    Examples:
    <hr align="left"/> The align attribute specifies the alignment of a horizontal line.
    <hr noshade="noshade" />The noshade attribute specifies that a horizontal line should render in
    one solid color (noshaded), instead of a shaded color.
    <hr size="30" /> Specify the Height
    <hr width="50%" />The width attribute specifies the width of a horizontal line, in pixels or
    percent.
    List
    The <li> tag defines a list item.
    The <li> tag is used in both ordered (<ol>) and unordered (<ul>) lists.
    Ordered List
    The <ol> tag defines an ordered list.
    An ordered list can be numerical or alphabetical.
    Use the <li> tag to define list items.
    Unordered List
    The <ul> tag defines an unordered (bulleted) list.
    Use the <ul> tag together with the <li> tag to create unordered lists.
    Example:

    HTML <li> type Attribute
    Synatx: <li type="1|a|A|i|I|disc|circle|square">


    Example

    HTML <li> value Attribute
    The value attribute sets the value of a list item. The following list items will increment from that
    number. The value must be a number and can only be used in ordered lists (<ol>).
    Syntax :<li value="number">


    Creating Tables
    The <table> tag defines an HTML table.
    An HTML table consists of the <table> element and one or more <tr>, <th>, and <td> elements.
    The <tr> element defines a table row, the <th> element defines a table header, and the <td>
    element defines a table cell.
    A more complex HTML table may also include <caption>, <col>, <colgroup>, <thead>, <tfoot>,
    and <tbody> elements.


    Inserting Images
    HTML <img> Tag
    The <img> tag defines an image in an HTML page.
    The <img> tag has two required attributes: src and alt.
    Note: Images are not technically inserted into an HTML page, images are linked to HTML
    pages. The <img> tag creates a holding space for the referenced image.
    Tip: To link an image to another document, simply nest the <img> tag inside <a> tags.



    Hyper Texts
    HTML <a> Tag
    The <a> tag defines an anchor. An anchor can be used in two ways:
    1. To create a link to another document, by using the href attribute
    2. To create a bookmark inside a document, by using the name attribute
    3. To link an image to another document, simply nest the <img> tag inside <a> tags.
    The <a> element is usually referred to as a link or a hyperlink.
    The most important attribute of the <a> element is the href attribute, which indicates the links
    destination.
    By default, links will appear as follows in all browsers:
    An unvisited link is underlined and blue
    A visited link is underlined and purple
    An active link is underlined and red
    To create a bookmark inside a document, by using the name attribute
    Name Attribute
    The name attribute specifies the name of an anchor
    Synatx is <a name="value">
    The name attribute specifies the name of an anchor.
    The name attribute is used to create a bookmark inside a document.
    The name attribute must be present in the <a> tag






    To create a link to another document, by using the href attribute
    Href attribute
    The href attribute specifies the URL of the page the link goes to:
    <a href="URL">
    The href attribute specifies the URL of the page the link goes to.
    The href or the name attribute must be present in the <a> tag.

    To link an image to another document
    Simply nest the <img> tag inside <a> tags.

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