Copyright 2013, Bui Van Hieu All rights reserved Bui Van Hieu bvhieu@cse.hcmut.edu.vn Department of Computer Engineering Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology MSI logic circuits LOGIC DESIGN Logic family Logic family Memory Memory ADC / DAC ADC / DAC MICRO- CONTROLLER Content Encoder / Decoder Data busing Multiplexer / Demultiplexer What is an encoder / decoder ? Encoder / Encoder / Code A Code B Encoder / Decoder Encoder / Decoder Code A Code B N inputs M outputs 1 of 2 N Decoder 1 of 2 N Decoder N inputs 2 N outputs Inputs represent a binary number Activate only one output corresponding N inputs 2 N outputs 1-of-8 (3-to-8) decoder C(MS B) B A O7 O6 O5 O4 O3 O2 O1 O0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1-of-8 decoder circuit 1-of-8 decoder IC (74138) Exercises Determine outputs of 74xx138 E 3 =E 2 =E 1 =0 A 2 =A 1 =0 A 0 =0 E 3 =1, E 2 =E 1 =0 A 2 =0 A =A =1 3 2 1 2 A 1 =A 0 =1 74138 circuit Problems 1 5-to-32 decoder 5-to-32 decoder 7 4 1 3 8 7 4 1 3 8 7 4 1 3 8 7 4 1 3 8 Implement 5-to-32 decoder from four 74138s 5 inputs 32 outputs 7 4 1 3 8 7 4 1 3 8 7 4 1 3 8 7 4 1 3 8 7 4 1 3 8 7 4 1 3 8 7 4 1 3 8 7 4 1 3 8 . . . 74138s 7442 IC (4-to-10 decoder) All of outputs are deactivated if an invalid input is applied (1010 1111) Application example Provide timing and sequencing operations BCD-to-7-segment Decoder/Driver Form the decimal characters 0 9 Each segment is a LED Normal brightness: 10mA, 2.7V Exercises Determines outputs for each case Inputs DCBA = 1001 Inputs DCBA = 0110 Inputs DCBA = 0011 Inputs DCBA = 0000 D is the most significant bit 7446/7447 BCD-to-7-segment decoder 7446/7447 truth table Problem 2 Implement 7446/7447 by logic gates Encoder The opposite of decoding process Depend on the context, terms encoder and decoder are interchangeable 2 N -line-to-N-line encoder 2 N inputs Only one input is activated at a given time Produces a N-bit binary code 8-to-3 encoder A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 O2 O1 O0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8-to-line encoder More than one inputs are activated? 74147 Decimal-to-BCD Priority Encoder More than one input is activated, output code respond to the highest-numbered input Exp: A6, A2, A0 are activated output code is 110 (6) Exercises Determine outputs of 74147 if A 9 -A 0 inputs are 1110111111 All high except A , A , A All high except A 7 , A 5 , A 3 All low except A 9 , A 1 , A 0 Example Switch encoder Example 3 groups Each group stores code of pressed key Magnitude comparator Compare two input binary quantities Generate outputs to indicate which one is greater 7485 truth table Exercise Problem 3 Implement the comparator by logic gates 8-bit magnitude comparator 12, 16 bit comparator ? Exercise Describe operation of the 8-bit comparator for the following cases A 7 A 6 A 5 A 4 A 3 A 2 A 1 A 0 = 10101111 B 7 B 6 B 5 B 4 B 3 B 2 B 1 B 0 = 10110001 A 7 A 6 A 5 A 4 A 3 A 2 A 1 A 0 = 10101111 B 7 B 6 B 5 B 4 B 3 B 2 B 1 B 0 = 10101111 A 7 A 6 A 5 A 4 A 3 A 2 A 1 A 0 = 10101111 B 7 B 6 B 5 B 4 B 3 B 2 B 1 B 0 = 10101001 Application example Code converter Change data presented in one type of binary code to another type of binary code BCD-to-7-segment BCD-to-7-segment BCD to binary Binary to BCD Binary to Gray code Gray code to binary
Content Encoder / Decoder Data busing Multiplexer / Demultiplexer Multiplexers (MUX - Data Selectors) Select one inputs to pass on to the output Desired input is controlled by SELECT inputs Two-input multiplexer S I1 I0 Z 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 Z = I 0 S + I 1 S 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 Four-input multiplexer Problem 4 Implement eight-input multiplexer with enable signal (74151) Sixteen-input multiplexer Quad Two-Input MUX (74157) Application Data routing select = 0 select = 1 Applications Parallel to serial Applications Logic function generation Problem 5: combine Enable signal to generate 4-input logic functions Select : input variables Data : connect 0 or 1 (based on truth table) Example Control system Creativity Creativity Creativity Creativity Demultiplexers (Data distributor) Revert of MUX 1-to-4 demultiplexer S1 S0 I O3 O2 O1 O0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1-to-4 DEMUX 1-to-4 DEMUX I O3 O2 O1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 DEMUX DEMUX S1 S0 O0 1-to-8 demultiplexer DEMUX vs. 1-to-N decoder Application Synchronous data transmission Waveform Real application examples Content Encoder / Decoder Data busing Multiplexer / Demultiplexer Bus ? Bus ? Common connecting lines for data transferring Many devices connect their inputs/outputs Device 0 Device 0 Device 1 Device 1 Device 2 Device 2 Device 3 Device 3 Device 4 Device 4 Data bus Open collector 74173 circuit Example Signal sequence t1: reg. A outputs are enabled t2: reg. C inputs data t3: reg. A outputs are disabled, data bus return to Hi-Z state Expanding bus size Bus representation Bidirectional busing Review questions Can more than one decoder output be active at one time? What is the function of a decoders enable input? Which LED segments will be on for a 7- segment decoder input of 1001? Which LED segments will be on for a 7- segment decoder input of 1001? How does a priority encoder differ from an ordinary encoder? What are the functions of a multiplexer ? What are some major applications of a multiplexer? Problems 1 3 4 5 (7 40) 8 9 13 14 15 16 27 29 30 31 (33 34) 35 36 37 38 (all students) 39 41 43 44 45* 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 Examiner Each group must solve all the problems Write down the problems and solutions Other group will comment