Module 1 cellular basis of life

life is for each a man a solitary cell whose

walls are mirrors
Introduction:
As you observed the nature you will
probably be amazed and enchanted by the
various life forms that will catch your eyes.
At the end of this module the students should
be able to:
Differenciate the difference between the animal
and plant cell.
Describe function of the cell.
Describe organ system and their function.
LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION: the human body is organized
in several levels from the simplest to the most
complex.
Cells is the basic unit of life. Tissues clusters of
cells performing a similar function. Organs made up
of tissues that that perform specific function.organ
system group of organs that perform specific
purpose in the human body. Organism group or
individual living things.
PARTS OF CELL AND TEIR F!NCTION:
Nucleus is the part of cells which easily
seen. it is important because it controls all
the activities of the other parts that occur
within the cell.the nucleus contains materials
that play a role in heredity .plasma membrane
encloses the cell and separates what is inside it
firm its environment. It also controls what goes
into out of the cell. It allows entry of materials
needed by the cell eliminates those which are
not needed. Cytoplasm consist of elly!li"e
substance where all the other parts of the cell
are loctated. #he area where nucleus are
located $different activities of the cell occur in
the cytoplasm. Cell wall is made up of stiffed material
that forms the outermost part of the %plant cells.
Chloroplasts contains chlorophyll that plants needed in
order to ma"e their own food. Vacuoles present both
plants and animals.vesicles serves as a storage of water
and food and also function in the excretion of waste
materials .mitochonrion the powerhouse of the cell.
Ribosome are the protein factory of the cell .centrioles
found only in the animal cells.golgi apparatus is the
pac"aging counters of the cells. Nuclear membrane
separated from the rest of the cell by a double
membrane.
ORGAN S"STEM AND ITS F!NCTION
The excretory system is another organ system that makes up
an organism. It is made up of different organs that help the body
eliminate metabolic wastes and maintain internal balance.the
kidney is the major organ in the excretory system that made up
even smaller parts. Some eliminates wastes that are no longer
needed by the body.other parts functions in the reabsorption of
water and nutrients.the circulatory system is to deliver
oxygenated blood to the various cells and organ systems in our
body so they can undergo cellular respiration.the heart is the
major muscles in the circulatory system.that pump blood
through its four chamber (two ventricles and two atria). It pumps
deoxygenated blood, blood into the lungs, where it gets
oxygenated return to the heart,and then pumped out through the
aorta to the rest of the body that valve regulate the flow of blood
between the chambers.the chambers : a.) arteries that carry
blood away from the heart and to the major organs of the body.
B.) veins carry blood back to the heart from the major organs of
the body. C) capillaries small blood vessels where gas exchange
occurs. lood cells that flow through the circulatory system.
!ed blood cells contain hemoglobin an iron"rich protein that
carries white blood cells function in the immune
system .platelets helps in blood clotting.
Plants are also made up of organ systems, such as root and
shoot systems .the function of root system is to absorbs water
and nutrients. #hile shoot system moves them to the different
parts of the plants. $he male part of the flower is the stamen it
is composed of s lobe"like structure called the anther held by a
long,slender stalk called the filament located in the anther are
pollen grains.the gametes(sperm cells) develop from the pollen
grains. $he penducle usually extends into a bulging portion
called receptacle which supports the whole flower.
pecimen is a part or sample of any material, plant, animal
paper or mineral for study or under experimentation. $he
microscope specimen should be small and thin for light to pass
through them. !icroscope it is a special e%uipment to make
small objects like cells look bigger. & kind of microscope used
to study cells is called light microscope used to diffused or
artificial light to illuminate the object to be observed.