RESEARCH POSTER PRESENTATION DESIGN 2012

www.PosterPresentations.co
m
(THIS SIDEBAR DOES NOT PRINT)
DESI GN GUI DE

This PowerPoint 2007 template produces a 36x48
presentation poster. You can use it to create your
research poster and save valuable time placing
titles, subtitles, text, and graphics.

We provide a series of online tutorials that will guide
you through the poster design process and answer
your poster production questions. To view our
template tutorials, go online to
PosterPresentations.com and click on HELP DESK.

When you are ready to print your poster, go online
to PosterPresentations.com

Need assistance? Call us at 1.510.649.3001


QUI CK START

Zoom in and out
As you work on your poster zoom in and out to
the level that is more comfortable to you.
Go to VIEW > ZOOM.

Title, Authors, and Affiliations
Start designing your poster by adding the title, the names of
the authors, and the affiliated institutions. You can type or
paste text into the provided boxes. The template will
automatically adjust the size of your text to fit the title box.
You can manually override this feature and change the size of
your text.

TI P: The font size of your title should be bigger than your
name(s) and institution name(s).




Adding Logos / Seals
Most often, logos are added on each side of the title. You can
insert a logo by dragging and dropping it from your desktop,
copy and paste or by going to INSERT > PICTURES. Logos
taken from web sites are likely to be low quality when
printed. Zoom it at 100% to see what the logo will look like
on the final poster and make any necessary adjustments.

TI P: See if your schools logo is available on our free poster
templates page.

Photographs / Graphics
You can add images by dragging and dropping from your
desktop, copy and paste, or by going to INSERT > PICTURES.
Resize images proportionally by holding down the SHIFT key
and dragging one of the corner handles. For a professional-
looking poster, do not distort your images by enlarging them
disproportionally.







Image Quality Check
Zoom in and look at your images at 100% magnification. If
they look good they will print well.
CkIGINAL DIS1Ck1LD
Corner
handles
C
o
o
d
p
r
ln
u
n
g
q
u
a
llL
y

8
a
d
p
r
ln
u
n
g
q
u
a
llL
y

QUI CK START ( cont . )

How to change the template color theme
You can easily change the color theme of your poster by going
to the DESIGN menu, click on COLORS, and choose the color
theme of your choice. You can also create your own color
theme.







You can also manually change the color of your background by
going to VIEW > SLIDE MASTER. After you finish working on
the master be sure to go to VIEW > NORMAL to continue
working on your poster.

How to add Text
The template comes with a number of
pre-formatted placeholders for
headers and text blocks. You can add
more blocks by copying and pasting
the existing ones or by adding a text
box from the HOME menu.

Text size
Adjust the size of your text based on how much content you
have to present. The default template text offers a good
starting point. Follow the conference requirements.

How to add Tables
To add a table from scratch go to the INSERT
menu and
click on TABLE. A drop-down box will help you
select rows and columns.
You can also copy and a paste a table from Word or another
PowerPoint document. A pasted table may need to be re-
formatted by RIGHT-CLICK > FORMAT SHAPE, TEXT BOX,
Margins.

Graphs / Charts
You can simply copy and paste charts and graphs from Excel
or Word. Some reformatting may be required depending on
how the original document has been created.

How to change the column configuration
RIGHT-CLICK on the poster background and select LAYOUT to
see the column options available for this template. The
poster columns can also be customized on the Master. VIEW >
MASTER.

How to remove the info bars
If you are working in PowerPoint for Windows and have
finished your poster, save as PDF and the bars will not be
included. You can also delete them by going to VIEW >
MASTER. On the Mac adjust the Page-Setup to match the
Page-Setup in PowerPoint before you create a PDF. You can
also delete them from the Slide Master.

Save your work
Save your template as a PowerPoint document. For printing,
save as PowerPoint of Print-quality PDF.

Print your poster
When you are ready to have your poster printed go online to
PosterPresentations.com and click on the Order Your Poster
button. Choose the poster type the best suits your needs and
submit your order. If you submit a PowerPoint document you
will be receiving a PDF proof for your approval prior to
printing. If your order is placed and paid for before noon,
Pacific, Monday through Friday, your order will ship out that
same day. Next day, Second day, Third day, and Free Ground
services are offered. Go to PosterPresentations.com for more
information.

Student discounts are available on our Facebook page.
Go to PosterPresentations.com and click on the FB
icon.
2013 osLerresenLauons.com
2117 lourLh SLreeL , unlL C
8erkeley CA 94710
posterpresenterQgma||.com
lL ls oen Lhough LhaL Amerlcan suburbs were rsL consLrucLed ln Lhe posL-World War 1wo era. ln
Lhe laLe 1940's and lnLo Lhe 1930's Lhe baby boom, economlc prosperlLy, and Lhe wldespread use
and low cosL of Lhe auLomoblle allowed Lhe suburbs Lo grow ouLwards lnLo areas LhaL were once
excluslvely rural. Whlle Lhls ls Lrue, suburban developmenL can be Lraced all Lhe way back Lo Lhe
1830's, wlLh an lnLense perlod of growLh occurrlng ln Lhe 1890's. 1hls lnvesugauon documenLs Lhe
early growLh of suburbs ln and around 8alumore ClLy, Mu and Lhelr relauonshlp Lo Lhe developmenL
of a sLreeLcar sysLem ln a geographlcal conLexL.
Introducnon
Cb[ecnves
1hls pro[ecL requlred exLenslve research lnLo Lhe hlsLory and developmenL of boLh Lhe sLreeLcar
sysLem of 8alumore ClLy and of Lhe suburbs Lhemselves. 1wo maps proved lnsLrumenLal Lo
undersLandlng Lhe connecuon beLween Lhe Lwo separaLe sysLems. llgure 1 ls a map of Lhe
sLreeLcar llnes of 8alumore, Mu ln 1923. llgure 2 ls a map of Lhe spread of developmenL ln
8alumore from 1833-1918. 1hese Lwo maps were overlald ln Adobe lllusLraLor Lo creaLe a
composlLe map of Lhe spread of Lhe suburbs ln 8alumore as shown ln Map 4.

Methodo|ogy:
1) Ma[or rouLes leadlng ouL of Lhe clLy were ldenued, Lhese were easlly dlscernable from
lnner-clLy LransporL rouLes or cross-clLy LransporL rouLes due Lo Lhe dlrecuon of Lhe rouLe
lLself.
2) 8esearch was conducLed Lo conrm LhaL suburban growLh was allgned wlLh sLreeLcar
developmenL
3) 1o show growLh ln a hlsLorlcal conLexL, Maps 1-3 documenLs Lhe spread of 8alumore, Mu
from 1833 Lo 1918.
4) 1he dlerenL daLaseLs were comblned onLo a slngle map Lo creaLe Map 4.
Mater|a|s and Methods
1he resulung map (Map 4) shows LhaL Lhere ls a correlauon beLween Lhe growLh of Lhe
suburbs and Lhe spread of developmenL ln 8alumore. Whlle Lhere ls dlscusslon of a
chlcken or Lhe egg" problem when lL comes Lo suburbanlzauon, Lrlc Polcomb sLaLes LhaL
sLreeLcar companles knew LhaL Lhelr eorLs would spawn developmenL, whlch ln Lurn
would creaLe a markeL." 1hus whlle some suburban developmenL was creaLed wlLhouL a
sLreeLcar llne, sLreeLcar companles began bulldlng Lhelr llnes Lo undeveloped areas ln Lhe
hopes LhaL new developmenL would occur. 1hls remalned Lrue even wlLh Lhe developmenL
of Lhe auLomoblle. SLreeLcar llnes [umpsLarLed Lhe suburban growLh LhaL would encourage
Lhe usage of auLomoblles for LransporLauon ln 8alumore. Lven wlLh Lhe rlse of
auLomoblles, ln Lhe early 1910's rldershlp on Lhe sLreeLcars remalned sLrong, lndlcaung
LhaL suburban growLh was sull ued Lo Lhe sLreeLcar.
kesu|ts (connnued)
Conc|us|on
Suburbs of 8alumore, Mu grew boLh because of preexlsung soclal facLors buL also because
of Lhe developmenL and growLh of Lhe sLreeLcar sysLem. As lL expanded, developmenL
ensued, movlng people farLher away from Lhe clLy cenLer Lo Lhe suburbs. 1hls pauern
conunued unul Lhe rlse of auLomoblle, whlch enabled Lhe suburbs Lo expand even furLher.
1he developmenL of Lhe u.S. number 8oads SysLems and Lhe lnLersLaLe Plghway SysLem
furLher enabled Lhls spread ln fuLure decades.
keferences
Arnold, !. (1978). Suburban growLh and munlclpal annexauon ln 8alumore, 1743-1918. !"#$%"&' )*+,-#*."%
!"/"0*&1, 23(2).
8alumore Sun. (1932, november 23). Annex more area, 8alumore urged: Cr merge wlLh counLy Lo ease congesuon,
llynn proposes. 451 6"%78-#1 9:&.
8alumore Sun. (1910, Aprll 10). Pave you nouced Lhe developmenL golng on ln Lhe suburbs? 451 6"%78-#1 9:&.
Collecuon of ColdsmlLh, Leslle. Car #3388. 8ouLe 24 Lo Lakeslde." hoLograph. Ca 1940's. 8oland ark, Maryland.
Collecuon of Lhe Maryland PlsLorlcal SocleLy. hoLographs. Ca laLe 1890's Lo early 1900's. 8alumore, Maryland
Collecuon of lnLo, AnLhony l. hoLograph. Ca 1940's. 8oland ark, Maryland.
Parwood, P. (2003). 6"%78-#1 +,#11,."#+; ,51 <-+,="# $1"#+. (8evlsed Ldluon ed., lronL Cover). 8alumore,
Maryland: !ohns Popklns unlverslLy ress.
Polcomb, Lrlc L, koLarba, kaLhleen C. 2003. 451 .*,$ "+ " +:>:#>; ? 5*+,-#$ -@ &-#,51"+, 6"%78-#1 +*&.1 ABBCD
SLaunLon, vA: CenLer for Amerlcan laces
WaLson, M. (1932, !uly 31). 1he sLreeL car's Lroublesome pllghL: Cur llnes are noL alone. 451 6"%78-#1 9:&.
8eLrleved fromroCuesL PlsLorlcal newspapers uaLabase
Whlule, C. (1973). E5- 8"'1 "%% -:# +,#11,."#+ /-F 451 +,-#$ -@ #"*% ,#"&+*, *& 6"%78-#1. (p. lronL Cover). 8alumore,
Maryland: 8alumore nauonal 8allway PlsLorlcal SocleLy ubllcauons.
Acknow|edgments
Much Lhanks ls glven Lo my menLors who asslsLed me LhroughouL Lhls process ln hlgh
school: Mrs. Colleen 8urghardL, my Lhesls advlsor, Mrs. Amy Woolf, Lhe coordlnaLor of Lhe
Ldgewood Plgh School lnLernauonal 8accalaureaLe rogram, and mosL lmporLanLly my
parenLs !erey and Lorralne Swab. WlLhouL Lhelr help my Lhesls could noL have been
compleLed.

AL enn SLaLe, l am Lhankful Lo have worked wlLh Lhe sLa of Lhe College of LarLh and
Mlneral Sclences Wrlung CenLer. l am also Lhankful Lo Lhe sLa of Lhe Speclal Collecuons
ueparLmenL of Lhe unlverslLy of Maryland, 8alumore CounLy who helped me nd archlval
maLerlal for Lhls pro[ecL.
1) 1o beuer undersLand how suburbs began Lo spread
2) ldenufy Lhe meLhods LhaL caused Lhe suburbs Lo spread
3) CreaLe and model Lhe spread of Lhe suburbs of 8alumore, Mu
4) undersLand how Lhe sLreeLcar sysLem of 8alumore lnuenced Lhe developmenL of Lhe
suburbs
1he ennsylvanla SLaLe unlverslLy
!ohn ! Swab
[[s3846[psu.edu
SLreeLcars: 1he SLarL of Lhe Suburbs of 8alumore, Maryland
Iurther uesnons and Lxpans|on
uesnons:
1) WhaL was Lhe eecL on preexlsung, rural communlues locaLed ad[acenL Lo 8alumore
ClLy ln Lerms of suburbanlzauon?
2) Pow does 8alumore's suburbanlzauon compare Lo oLher clues durlng Lhe same ume
perlod?
Lxpans|on and kehnement:
Add Lhe sLreeLcar llnes as Lhey are consLrucLed LhroughouL Lhe 1800's
8ene developmenL map, l.e. creaLe more conslsLenL ume lnLervals for Lhe daLaseL
CrowLh of
populauon ln
8alumore
MeLropollLan Area
I|gure 1, 8e|ow: SLreeLcar Llnes, 8alumore, Mu 1923. (Whlule)
1hls deLalled
layouL of Lhe
8alumore
SLreeLcar
sysLem was
used Lo
deLermlne Lhe
ma[or llnes
leavlng Lhe
clLy. 1hls map
served as Lhe
basls Lo
deLermlne
ma[or
sLreeLcar llnes.
I|gure 2, Leh:
uevelopmenL ln
8alumore, Mu
from 1818-1918.
(Arnold)
llgure 2 was used
as Lhe base map Lo
charL Lhe spread of
developmenL ln
8alumore as
sLreeLcars were
bullL.

Ma[or rouLes from
llgure 1 and
developmenL daLa
from llgure 2 were
overlald on
developed areas by
ume perlod Lo
creaLe Map 4.
kesu|ts
Maps 1-4: Lxtent of Deve|opment |n 8a|nmore
ollucal
8oundarles
1818
1833
1874
1918 Suburbs
SLreeLcar
Llnes
1918
Conunuous
ClLy
1918
Conunuous
ClLy
ollucal
8oundarles
1818
1833
1874
1918 Suburbs
ollucal
8oundarles
1818
1833
1874
ollucal
8oundarles
1818
1833
Map 1: LxLenL of
developmenL ln
8alumore, Mu
1833
Map 2: LxLenL of
developmenL ln
8alumore, Mu
1874
Map 4: LxLenL of
developmenL ln
8alumore, Mu
1918 wlLh
sLreeLcar llnes
Map 3: LxLenL of
developmenL ln
8alumore, Mu
1918
I|gures S and
6: SLreeLcar
ln 8oland
ark, a
suburb of
8alumore, ln
Lhe 1940's.
(8lghL,
ColdsmlLh)
(Le, lnLo)
18S3
1874
1918
1918
1818
1833
1874
1918
Adv|sor Informanon
!odl vender, CoordlnaLor of undergraduaLe Advlslng and Alumnl 8elauons
ueparLmenL of Ceography [vender[psu.edu
1rans|non |n the ear|y 1900's
I|gures 3 and 4: SLreeLcars moved from belng horse
powered Lo elecLrled. (Mu PlsLorlcal SocleLy).
I|gure 7: 1hls carLoon
(parL of a larger lmage)
shows how
lnLerLwlned Lhe
suburbs and sLreeLcars
of 8alumore had
become by 1910.
(8alumore Sun, 1910)