1.

0 INTRODUCTION
In manufacturing process study, we had asked to do a fabrication project to fulfill
our syllabus. This project is only one of the some projects that have been schedule
for us this semester. In fabrication, we need to organize a creation based on sheet
metal that supplied to us. We are needed to plan in detail and organize the project
carefully because many factors are evaluated while finishing the project.
Sheet metal that is given to us is about !"mm thick. The project that we have
planned must not too big because of the limitation of sheet steel given. Sheet
metal is one of the fundamental forms used in networking and can be cut and bent
into a variety of different shapes. Some of major industries in which sheet metal
play an important part are heating and air conditioning, air craft, ship building,
freight cars, refrigeration, steel furniture and etc. In our syllabus, we only use a
simple techni#ue of fabrication, simple tool as a basic study.
In our project, we decide to create an army news day special weapon$ a rocket
artilleries.
We choose to make this model because some reason$
%. It was an automotive development study, just like our course.
&. The model is #uite simple and we can finish it on the time
'. The model has some mechanism that will make our model special.
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1.1 OBJECTIVE
(ur objective for this project is mainly to fulfill our syllabus of )*+, %'%'
*anufacturing -rocess.
Secondly we need to know what fabrication is, understand the theory and
application of it in engineering and also give e.perience in making project based
on sheet steel. The function of each tools, machines and e#uipment too can be
determined because in this sheet metal project. In addition, the students also need
to know the differences of tools and machines as well as their function.
We also need to do a lot of good attitude and discipline manner in this project.
+ast, efficient and careful is most important thing in this project. ' week is very
short for us to finishing our project. )ut industries need a person who can handle
a problem fast and efficient. (ur need in industries is all about techni#ue and fast.
Time is important for our present carrier. This project also gives us a valuable
e.perience for our study.
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2.0 PROCEDURE
%. +irst our group are discussing, and planning the project that we want to make.
We make a short list of idea and decide what is the best based on some
factors.
&. /fter that, we draw technical drawing of the project and dimension it suitable
with sheet steel given. The scale of our project is very small compare to the
real one. This is due to small sheet steel given.
'. We use scribers to sketch and lining the steel with the e.act scale. This
process will make cutting process easier and minimise the mistake.
. Then, the sheet steel given is been separate to ' major parts using cutting
machine. The ' major parts is head part, artillery part and base part.
0. /fter that, we divide our group into three. & person doing the artillery, a
person doing base part and the other on doing head part. This techni#ue is due
to finished our project right on time. We just take the concept at industries that
divide their worker into several workplaces for making any project.
". 1ach techni#ue and theory that has been taught to us is applied to finish this
project. Some engineering techni#ue like drilling, cutting and bending are
used in completing our project.
2. /fter all the part is complete, all the part will assemble together using hinge.
3. 4inge is use to up and down the rocket launcher for our special mechanism in
this model.
5. Tires has been added using our creativity.
'
%6. +inally touch up process and surface finishing is applied. We alter some of the
part for the looking aspect without disturbing the mechanism and function of
the model.
%%. /fter that, our project is finish.

3.0 HAND TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS.

1. Metal rulers
The meter ruler is using in the making out process. It is use for
drawing the straight line or incline line in the making out process.
7uler instruments are manufactured in a variety of lengths and
types and to measure the dimension and layout of the work piece in
alignment with the scriber ./ steel rule is a direct measuring
instrument mostly used in '66 mm length. )asically, there are
three types of rules that are called as folding rule, steel
circumference and rule tape or fle.ible push!pull ruler.
2. Punches
The punches are use to punch some larger holes in thin sheet metal
before doing the drilling process, it can be easy for worker drilling
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a hole onto the thin sheet metal. 8sually they are in two main
parts, a punch and a die. They are closed by a draw bolt that passes
through a hole drilled in the metal sheet.
3. File
+iles can be used to cutwork to prescribed dimensions and shapes
as well as to obtain a desired surface finish. )esides that, it is also
used to remove surplus metal and produce finished surface and
straighten the uneven edges. +iles are classified according to
shape, cut of teeth, coarseness of teeth and size 9arm file, hand file,
ward file and needle file:.
4. Mallet
The mallet is use to hammer the metal sheet. When we want to
form metal sheet into various shapes by hitting it, but do not want
to mark the surface, then we use a mallet. *allets can be
considered as soft hammers.
"
5. Electric hand drill
1lectric hand drill used to produce a hole for the rivet at the sheet
metal. The three main factors governing drill performances are
cutting speed, feed rate and cooling method. There are two types of
drill;
9i: +lat drill
The earliest form of drill was the flat drill which was easy and in
e.pensive to produce, but it had the disadvantages that it was
difficult to hold on coarse, its chip removal was poor and its
operating efficiency was very low.
9ii: Twist drill
/lmost all drilling in engineering is done by using a twist drill. It is
so!called, because it has two spiral or helical flutes formed along
its length. The helical angle on the spiral depends on the type of
twist drill. The size of the twist drill is governed by the diameter
over the lands. The two basic type of twist drill are the parallel and
taper!shank types. -arallel shanks are normally only used in Sizes
below appro.imately %' mm.
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6. Protractor
The protractor is use to measure angles in the project layout in
alignment with the scriber. With a simple protractor, the pointer
like measuring arm can be sets against a circular degree scale from
6< to %36<.
7. Snips
The full name of these is tin man=s snips, usually shortened to
>tinsnpis=. ?o not be misled by the name as they may be used on
any thin gauge metal. The snips is use to cut the metal sheet.
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8. Rivet set

Pop rivet gun Rivet conversion kit
7ivet set is use to riveting the edge and joints of work piece. /
hole is predrilled through both pieces, the rivet is inserted through
them both, and then the shaft of the rivet is gripped with a pop
rivet gun. S#ueezing the handle on the gun pulls the rivet shaft and
deforms the rivet until the shaft @pops@ off, leaving the rivet to
secure the metal. -op rivets hold well, but are not removable.
. Scri!ers
Scribers use to sketch and lining the steel sheet before cutting
process. This tool has sharp and long needle to sketch the steel.
1". S#uares
S#uares are use for accurate layout work in pattern drafting.
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11. Pliers
-liers use to shaping the component that is very small to us to bend
it using hand or other machines. -liers also can be use to remove a
little part from the main part.
4.0 DISCUSSION
Cutting
When we doing the cutting process on the metal sheet, we must to cut the metal
sheet parallel with the lines that we had to draw it as ours cutting reference lines.
If not, we will found that the lines that we had cut are not accuracy with the
drawing lines, so it will affect the outcomes of the product of the project.
Di!!ing
While we doing the drilling process, we need to make sure that the plate is being
held tightly and the drilling process should be done slowly as to get a smooth and
correct hole.

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".0 CONCLUSION
+inally our project has finish right before the due date. (ur syllabus of )*+, %'%'
*anufacturing -rocess are finally fulfill successfully.
Secondly we had learned to know what fabrication is, understand the theory and
application of it in engineering and also give e.perience in making project based on sheet
steel. The function of each tools, machines and e#uipment too can be determined
because in this sheet metal project. In addition, the students also need to know the
differences of tools and machines as well as their function.
+ast, efficient and careful is most important thing in this project. ?ue date in ' week is
very short for us to finishing our project. This objective also gets right in time we finish
the project. This project had gives us a valuable e.perience for our study.
Special thank to all member of this group, friend, technicians, lecturers and all person
that involve in this project.
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#.0 RE$ERENCE
Teknologi dan amalan bengkel kejuruteraan$ *ohd +irdaus )in Shukri , 8AIB17SITI
T1CAIC/D */D/ESI/ *1D/C/.
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