Phonetics at Talking People http://www.talkingpeople.

net/
Pronunciation of the (e)d ending
By michelle (2007)
Quick Guide: NEVE !ronounce "ed"### Pronounce a "t" in$tead#
%hene&er you $ee a 'ord ending in (ed) &i$uali*e the +e, a$ cro$$ed out) if you 'ant to increa$e your
chance$ of !ronouncing it correctly# (Practice thi$ &i$uali*ation techni-ue a$ you read aloud $torie$) ne'$)
!oem$...)
Before telling you 'hen to !ronounce a "t" or 'hen to !ronounce a "d") let u$ $ee 'hat ha!!en$ to a
$mall /ut commonly u$ed grou! of 'ord$ 0 the 'ord$ 'ho$e infiniti&e form end$ in a dental $ound (t or d).
1 little e2ce!tion: 'hen to !ronounce "3d" (NEVE "ed" any'ay#)
3f the la$t 456N7 in the infiniti&e of the &er/ i$ a dental 0 a "d" or a "t" 0 you need a &o'el $u!!ort that
$e!arate$ the fir$t dental from the $econd) $o that it i$ clear you are e2!re$$ing a !a$t.
"$tartd" 888 No 'ay# 9hat $ound$ like a !re$ent# (1$$imilation) %hat can 'e do) then8
"$tart3d" :e$) in$ert a &o'el: an Engli$h $hort ;i;) NEVE a 4!ani$h ;e;
%hen to $ay "t" or "d"
%hen to !ronounce the ;0ed; a$ a "t" and 'hen to !ronounce it a$ a "d"8
3f the la$t 456N7 in the infiniti&e form (the form 'ithout the 0ed ending) i$ a &o'el or a &oiced
con$onant) the 0ed $hould /e !ronounced "d".
3f the la$t 456N7 in the infiniti&e form (the form 'ithout the 0ed ending) i$ a &oicele$$ con$onant) the
0ed $hould /e !ronounced "t".
3< :56 =1VE N5 93>E 95 %5? 9=19 569) P@E14E P5N56NAE 1 "t") a $trong dental $ound) $o that it i$
clear to the li$tener that you are not u$ing a !re$ent or infiniti&e form# 9hi$ 'a$ my fir$t ti! 'hen you
$tarted reading the$e note$) 'a$nBt it8
9o find out 'hich are the &oiced and the &oicele$$ con$onant$) you need to do the follo'ing e2erci$e:
4ay ;1hhhhhh;
<eel your throat 'ith your finger$ until you find the e2act !lace 'here the &i/ration you can notice
come$ from. 9hat !lace i$ 'here your &ocal chord$ are.
4ay different &o'el$. 1ll &o'el$) /oth in 4!ani$h and Engli$h) are V53AE7) 'hich mean$) our &ocal
chord$ &i/rate 'hen they are !ronounced.
3$ your hand in the correct !lace8 5? then) no') to the con$onant$.
Being careful of not $aying any kind of &o'el $ound) $ay "k"
:our &ocal chord$ donBt &i/rate) $o "k" i$ a &oicele$$ $ound.
4ay "&". :our &ocal chord$ &i/rate) $o "&" i$ a &oiced $ound.
Pronounce thi$ (/oth): a$k 0 a$ked. 7id you $ay ;a$ked; or ;a$kt;8 9he fir$t i$ 3>P5443B@E in Engli$h
/ecau$e 'e ne&er !ronounce a 4!ani$h ;e;) 'e cro$$ out the &o'el) $o to $ay. 1nd /ecau$e "k" i$
&oicele$$) the dental $ound in the 0ed ending i$ !ronounced a$ a "t" (&oicele$$ dental).
Pronounce thi$ (/oth): recei&e 0 recei&ed. 7id you $ay ;ri$ii&ed; or ;ri$ii&d;8 9he fir$t i$ 3>P5443B@E.
Becau$e "&" i$ &oiced) the dental $ound in the 0ed ending i$ !ronounced a$ a "d" (&oiced dental).
1ny'ay) you 'ant a li$t# 3 kno'. Plea$e) !ractice feeling your chord$ a$ you !ronounce each and e&ery one
of them. 3f you ha&e any trou/le 'ith the !ronunciation of any) tell me in cla$$#
Voiced $ound$ (0ed a$ d)
1ll the &o'el$#) like...
!lay 0 !layed "!leid" NEVE ;!lalled;###
$tay 0 $tayed "$teid" NEVE ;$telled;###
/o' ( /o'ed "/aud" NEVE ;/ogCed;###
argue 0 argued "aargiud" NEVE ;argued;###
Phonetics at Talking People http://www.talkingpeople.net/
continue 0 continued "kontiniud" NEVE ;kontinued;###
1nd &er/$"adDecti&e$ ending in &oiced con$onant$
'e//ed
change 0 changed
log 0 logged
illu$ioned
fill 0 filled
Dam 0 Dammed
!in 0 !inned
/ored
recei&e 0 recei&ed
/u** ( /u**ed (thi$ i$ no +*eta, $ound) /ut a &oiced +$,)
i$ &oiced) /ut it$ u$ually at the /eginning of 'ord$: the) the$e) thi$) that...
Voicele$$ $ound$ (0ed a$ t)
'atch 0 'atched
laugh 0 laughed
a$k 0 a$ked
$to! 0 $to!!ed
!a$$ 0 !a$$ed
'a$h 0 'a$hed
i$ &oicele$$) /ut 3 canBt think of &er/$"adD$ ending in thi$ $ound# (through) thin...)
Now we need to integrate those isolated words in connected speech! So...
Listen and repeat these sentences (2 word pages): (In the same page where this same tet is in)
http://www.talkingpeople.net/tp/skills/phonetics/edending!"er#sincontet$%.doc
&ere is its accompan'ing a(dio (%) mins):
http://www.talkingpeople.net/tp/skills/phonetics/edending!"er#sincontet$%.mp)
*o( co(ld do some +eading ,lo(d practice
+ead alo(d Leonora -arrington.s /The 0e#(tante/ and listen to its a(dio to check. *o(1ll 2ind all that in
the Talking People 3Li#rar'4 5 3Literat(re4 5 6riters 5 Leonora -arrington.
7ore Practice...
-heck o(t the TP section called 3Speaking4 8 3Pron(nciation4 8 3Pron(nciation o2 the 5ed ending $24