HISTORY OF BASKETBALL

BY ASTORY SANCHEZ
This is a summary about the history of the basketballl MS LEIVA 04/06/2013

While distantly can find in the times of the Greeks or Aztecs basketball references, the beginning of this modern game has its origins in an American school in 1891. The promoter of this was one James Naismith, sport instructor at the YMCA (YMCA) in Springfield

Caused by long winters Springfield suffering, and with the urgency of his students were kept entertained and in good physical condition, James considered creating a new game that could be played indoors and in confined spaces. After spending several months studying and adopting other existing sports the most attractive of each, Naismith achieving a set of requirements that should have this new sport: Affinity for the ball. Easy to learn What could be played on any terrain Attack target permanent That was a balance between attack and defense Not a sport not aggressive

That's how slowly and after several tests, finally James creates the sport known as Basketball Game The image was simple, it would play only their hands and would aim to put the ball in a basket, hence its name. The basic principles created by James were: 1. The ball is spherical and can be released with one or two hands regardless of their direction. Two. Any player can be placed on the pitch where you like and at any time. Three. You cannot hold the ball and run with it. April. The two teams will play together on the ground, but it is forbidden contact between the players. May. The goal should be elevated, horizontal and small in size so you have to resort more to the skill that power June. The equipment would be comprised of nine players

The first official basketball game was played in the YMCA gymnasium on January 20, 1892. In 1894 he established the free shot, in 1897, regulates five players per team in 1904 defined the size of the court. Women's basketball began in 1892 at Smith College when Senda Brrenos, physical education teacher, I make some changes to the rules of James to fit women. The first official game was played in the U.S. in 1893. Basketball quickly spread across the United States and Canada and promoted to Olympic category in 1936. Basketball remains the same since its inception, with more strong physical contact prevails, the technique and skill of each player. Basketball has become one of the most followed sports worldwide.

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND About the ancestral origins of basketball there are many theories mentioning many sports or activities that our ancestors practiced in various parts. These theories hold that in ancient times, around the world there was lot of ball games that they can predict the genesis of the sport, in their playful element predominated, closely related to the religious and moral precepts established in each one of the cultures. The games played by each of these ancient civilizations in the context of their culture, represented not only the rest, leisure and recreation, nor was it a simple athletic competition, but was rather a ritual enrolled in a magical scene, intended to pay homage to their deities. So, the ball game, symbolized one of their main rituals, born of imagination and spirituality and having a particular religion. Also worth noting, knowledge of sports architecture, applied geometric perfection and fitted with a stunning sculptural art, in addition to the internal rules of the games clearly indicate the ability of these companies to set standards. So we can find among the ancestral origins of our sport many theories, mentioning different sports that our ancestors practiced for over 3000 years. Some examples for this is: the cultures of Mesoamerica, which carried ballgames; ancient Rome with their ball games, ball games popular in the Middle Ages. TECHNICAL TRENDS, TACTICS AND REGULATORY While basketball was spreading in Europe, in his crib, the United States, did not stop attempts to improve the game of basketball to play not only very attractive but also to become one of the first sports precision .

During this time, the rules of the game, how to play and the technique experienced a great evolution. Today basketball is a sport practiced all over the world, major changes in the game influenced the individual and team actions, increasing technical skill and physical development of its practitioners. The following table gives an idea of how this change has been taking place since its creation until today:

1891 Birth of Basketball. The game is made with a varying number of players, in a field of dimensions also variable, with a soccer ball and two periods of 15 min. Each. The organization adopted the concepts of football and so arise two static defenders, 2 strikers and a center positional guides the actions of attackers and defenders.

1892 Publication of the first regulation that consisted of 13 items. Based on this original regulation began to apply the relevant variants, according to the special situations they encountered as time passed, but without losing sight of the fundamental principles with which the game was created. May be extended until the first layup, according to team captains. It generalizes the joint actions of 5 attackers and 5 defenders. The first defenses that arise are of man to man and the first type of counter attack was disorganized. 1897 Definitely establishing the teams were composed of 5 players on the pitch 1898 It creates the first female official rules. Netball is introduced.

1936 Basketball is included among the Olympic sports. 1954 Teams have five personal fouls, after which each fault is penalized with a free kick. It sets the time position of the ball within 24 seconds. 1956 He replanted the rule that prevents lifting the pivot foot before the ball leaves the player's hands. The restricted zone takes the form trapezoid. Rule is created 30 seconds. Due to increasingly strong defenses, attacking players, are increasingly assisted by their peers. 1960 During the last 5 min. From each failure are penalized game with two free throws. The retention of the ball for more than 5 either. Under pressure from causing a jump ball. American coaches begin to worry about the preparation especially defensively, with subsequent evaluation of the grounds defensive techniques. First makes its appearance the junk defenses. 1964 Appears global press area, as a need to have a ball before it reaches the basket. 1967 The American Basketball Asociation arise. 1968 Only in the 5 min. End of game: It allows the right of option and also rule the field back and 10 sec. It emphasizes defensive pressure maximum, where the ultimate goal is to get the ball. 1972 The rule of 10 sec. And the field behind apply throughout the game, like the right choice.Appear offensive tactic combination snack and systematic combination of various defenses, called "alternative defenses."

1975 - 1976 Melting A.B.A. and N.B.A. articulated in the four geographic-current sports divisions: Atlantic, Central, West and Pacific. From 10 team fouls in each half is given the right to make two free throws. 3x2 is introduced in the free throws. It awards a free throw to make the lack if I get basket. It develops adjustment defense. 1979 It adopts 3-point basket. 1980 After shopping you can request timeout. It reduces the number of personal fouls per team per time to 8, after which you can throw 2 free throws. In case of tie will be extensions until one team wins. It systematizes the pass and play with rules. It develops continuous play. He perfected the one on one, as the basic structure of the attack game. 1990 Lack punishable as intentional personal fouls with clear strategic interest (after the game to stop the clock).

My opinion Basketball is one of the sports that are played harder in school so I think we should give chance to other school sports such as tennis, golf or other because usually they play are high I know you need a good figure to be athletic stature but in this sport is more influential than the other.

SOURCE: http://www.planetabasketball.com/baloncesto.htm