DCH 2

第二回
第二回
第二 di4 er4 second,number two,next

回 hui2 to circle,to go back,to turn around,to answer,to return,to revolve,Hui
ethnic group (Chinese Muslims),time,classifier for acts of a play,section or
chapter (of a classic book)
賈夫人仙逝揚州城
賈夫人仙逝揚州城
賈 Jia3 surname Jia(贾)

gu3 merchant,to buy(贾)
夫人 fu1 ren5 lady,madam,Mrs.
仙逝 xian1 shi4 to die,to depart this mortal coil
揚州 Yang2 zhou1 Yangzhou prefecture level city in Jiangsu(扬州)
城 cheng2 city walls,city,town
冷子興演說榮國府
冷子興演說榮國府
冷 leng3 cold
子 zi3 son,child,seed,egg,small thing,1st earthly branch: 11 p.m.-1 a.m., midnight,
11th solar month (7th December to 5th January), year of the Rat
zi5 (noun suffix)
興 xing1 flourish,it is the fashion to,to become popular(兴)
xing4 interest(兴)
演說 yan3 shuo1 speech,to deliver a speech(演说)
榮 rong2 glory,honor,nutritive energy (in Chinese medicine),blood,surname Rong(荣)
國 guo2 country,nation,state,national,surname Guo(国)
府 fu3 seat of government,government repository (archive),official
residence,mansion,presidential palace,(honorific) Your home,prefecture (from Tang
to Qing times)
詩云
詩云
詩 shi1 poem(诗)
云 yun2 (classical) to say
:雲: Yun2 abbr. for Yunnan 雲南|云南 province in southwest China,surname Yun
:雲: yun2 cloud
一局輸贏料不真，香銷茶盡尚逡巡．欲知目下興衰兆，須問旁觀冷眼人．
一局輸贏料不真，
一局 yi1 ju2 inning

輸 shu1 to lose,to transport,to donate,to enter (a password)(输)
贏 ying2 to beat,to win,to profit(赢)
料 liao4 material,stuff,grain,feed,to expect,to anticipate,to guess
不 bu4 (negative prefix),not,no
真 zhen1 really,truly,indeed,real,true,genuine
，
香銷茶盡尚逡巡．
香 xiang1 fragrant,incense,(of food) savory,appetizing,sweet,scented,popular

銷 xiao1 to melt,to do away with,to sell(销)
茶 cha2 tea,tea plant
盡 jin4 to use up,to exhaust,to end,to finish,to the utmost,exhausted,finished,to
the limit (of sth)(尽)
尚 shang4 still,yet,to value,to esteem,surname Shang
逡 qun1 shrink from
巡 xun2 to patrol,to make one's rounds
．
欲知目下興衰兆，
欲 yu4 desire,longing,appetite,wish
知 zhi1 to know,to be aware
目下 mu4 xia4 at present
興衰 xing1 shuai1 prosperity and decline (of a kingdom),rise and fall(兴衰)
兆 zhao4 omen,million,million million, trillion
，
須問旁觀冷眼人．
須 xu1 beard,necessary,must(须)
問 wen4 to ask(问)
旁觀 pang2 guan1 spectator,non-participant(旁观)
冷眼 leng3 yan3 cool eye; fig. detached,(treating sb) with indifference
人 ren2 man,person,people
．
卻說封肅因听見公差傳喚，忙出來陪笑啟問．那些人只嚷：“快請出甄爺來！"封肅忙陪笑道：“小人姓封，并不姓
甄．只有當日小婿姓甄，今已出家一二年了，不知可是問他？"那些公人道：“我們也不知什么`真'`假'，因奉太
爺之命來問，他既是你女婿，便帶了你去親見太爺面稟，省得亂跑。”說著，不容封肅多言，大家推擁他去了．封
家人個個都惊慌，不知何兆
卻說封肅因听見公差傳喚，
卻說 que4 shuo1 and the story continues thus: (literary auxiliary particle 发语辞)
(却说)
封 Feng1 surname Feng
feng1 to confer,to grant,to bestow a title,to seal,classifier for sealed objects,
esp. letters
肅 su4 Gansu,respectful(肃)
因 yin1 cause,reason,because
听 :聽: ting1 to listen,to hear,to obey,a can (loanword from English
"tin"),classifier for canned beverages
:聽: ting4 to let,to allow
見 jian4 to see,to meet,to appear (to be sth),to interview(见)
xian4 appear(见)
公差 gong1 cha1 tolerance (allowed error)
傳喚 chuan2 huan4 a summons (to the police),subpoena(传唤)
，
忙出來陪笑啟問．
忙 mang2 busy,hurriedly
出來 chu1 lai2 to come out,to emerge(出来)
陪 pei2 to accompany,to keep sb company
笑 xiao4 laugh,smile
啟 qi3 to open,to start,Qi son of Yu the Great 禹, reported founder of the Xia
dynasty 夏朝 (c. 2070-c. 1600 BC)(启)
．
那些人只嚷：
那些 na4 xie1 those

只 zhi3 only,merely,just,but
:祇: zhi3 but,only
:隻: zhi1 classifier for birds and certain animals, one of a pair, some utensils,
vessels etc
嚷 rang3 blurt out,to shout
：
“快請出甄爺來！
“ 快 kuai4 rapid,quick,speed,rate,soon,shortly,quick-witted,clever,sharp (of

knives or wits),forthright,plain-spoken,gratified,pleased,pleasant,police runner
(in former times, official to arrest criminals)
請 qing3 to ask,to invite,please (do sth),to treat (to a meal etc),to request(请)
出 chu1 to go out,to come out,to occur,to produce,to go beyond,to rise,to put
forth,to happen,classifier for dramas, plays, operas etc
甄 zhen1 to distinguish,surname Zhen
爺 ye2 grandpa,old gentleman(爷)
來 lai2 to come,to arrive,to come round,ever since,next(来)
！
"封肅忙陪笑道：
" 封 Feng1 surname Feng

esp. letters
陪 pei2 to accompany,to keep sb company
道 dao4 direction,way,road,path,principle,truth,morality,reason,skill,method,Dao
(of Daoism),to say,to speak,to talk,classifier for long thin stretches, rivers,
roads etc,province (of Korea do 도, and formerly Japan dō)
：
“小人姓封，
“ 小 xiao3 small,tiny,few,young
姓 xing4 family name,surname,name
esp. letters
，
并不姓甄．
并不 :並不: bing4 bu4 not at all,emphatically not
．
只有當日小婿姓甄，
只有 zhi3 you3 only

當日 dang1 ri4 that very day,the same day(当日)
小婿 xiao3 xu4 my son-in-law (humble),I (spoken to parents-in-law)
，
今已出家一二年了，
今 jin1 today,modern,present,current,this,now
已 yi3 already,to stop,then,afterwards
出家 chu1 jia1 to leave home (to become a Buddhist monk or nun)
一 yi1 one,1,single,a (article),as soon as,entire,whole,all,throughout
二 er4 two,2,stupid (Beijing dialect)
年 nian2 year
了 le5 (modal particle intensifying preceding clause),(completed action marker)
liao3 to know,to understand
:瞭: liao3 clear
:瞭: liao4 to look afar from a high place
，
不知可是問他？
不知 bu4 zhi1 not to know,unaware,unknowingly,fig. not to admit (defeat, hardships,

tiredness etc)
可是 ke3 shi4 but,however
他 ta1 he,him
？
"那些公人道：
" 那些 na4 xie1 those

公 gong1 public,collectively owned,common,international (e.g. high seas, metric
system, calendar),make public,fair,just
人道 ren2 dao4 human sympathy,humanitarianism,humane,the "human way" (Buddh.), one
of the stages in the cycle of reincarnation,sexual intercourse
：
“我們也不知什么`真'`假'，
“ 我們 wo3 men5 we,us,ourselves,our(我们)

也不 ye3 bu4 neither,nor
什么 :什麼: shen2 me5 what,what?,who?,something,anything
:什麽: shen2 me5
` 真 zhen1 really,truly,indeed,real,true,genuine
假 jia3 fake,false,artificial,to borrow,if,suppose
jia4 vacation
因奉太爺之命來問，
奉 feng4 to offer (tribute),to present respectfully (to superior, ancestor, deity
etc),to esteem,to revere,to believe in (a religion),to wait upon,to accept orders
(from superior)
太爺 tai4 ye2 (respectful for) one's grandfather,sb's father,older people,the head
of the house (used by servants),a district magistrate(太爷)
之 zhi1 (possessive particle, literary equivalent of 的),him,her,it
命 ming4 life,fate,order
，
他既是你女婿，
他 ta1 he,him
既是 ji4 shi4 since, as,being the case that
你 ni3
女婿 nu:3 xu5 daughter's husband,son-in-law
，
便帶了你去親見太爺面稟，
便 bian4 ordinary,plain,convenient,as convenient,when the chance

arises,handy,easy,informal,simple,so,thus,to relieve oneself,to urinate,to
defecate,equivalent to 就: then,in that case,even if,soon afterwards
pian2 advantageous,cheap
帶 dai4 band,belt,girdle,ribbon,tire,area,zone,region,to wear,to carry,to lead,to
bring,to look after,to raise(带)
:瞭: liao3 clear
你 ni3
去 qu4 to go,to leave,to remove,fourth tone of putonghua
親 qin1 parent,one's own (flesh and
blood),relative,related,marriage,bride,close,intimate,in person,first-hand,in
favor of,pro-,to kiss(亲)
qing4 parents-in-law of one's offspring(亲)
xian4 appear(见)
面 mian4 fade,side,surface,aspect,top,face,classifier for flat surfaces such as
drums, mirrors, flags etc
:麵: mian4 flour,noodles
稟 bing3 natural property or endowment,report to (a superior)(禀)
，
省得亂跑。
省得 sheng3 de5 to avoid,so as to save (money or time)

亂跑 luan4 pao3 to randomly run(乱跑)
。
”說著，
” 說 shui4 to canvass,to persuade(说)
shuo1 to speak,to say,a theory (usually in compounds such as 日心说 heliocentric
theory)(说)
著 zhao1 catch,receive,suffer(着)
zhao2 to touch,to come in contact with,to feel,to be affected by,to catch fire,to
fall asleep,to burn(着)
zhe5 particle attached after verb to indicate action in progress, like -ing
ending(着)
zhuo2 to wear (clothes),to contact,to use,to apply(着)
zhu4 to make known,to show,to prove,to write,book,outstanding
，
不容封肅多言，
不容 bu4 rong2 not tolerate,not allow,not brook,to not welcome

esp. letters
多言 duo1 yan2 wordy
，
大家推擁他去了．
大家 da4 jia1 authority,everyone

推 tui1 to push,to cut,to refuse,to reject,to decline,to shirk (responsibility),to
put off,to delay,to push forward,to nominate,to elect
擁 yong1 to hold,to embrace,to wrap around,to gather around (sb),to throng,to
swarm,to support(拥)
他 ta1 he,him
:瞭: liao3 clear
．
封家人個個都惊慌，

esp. letters
家人 jia1 ren2 household,(one's) family
個個 ge4 ge4 each one individually,each and every,same as 各個|各个(个个)
都 dou1 all, both,entirely (due to) each,even,already
du1 capital city,metropolis,surname Du
惊慌 :驚慌: jing1 huang1 panic
，
不知何兆

tiredness etc)
何 He2 surname He
he2 what,how,why,which,carry
兆 zhao4 omen,million,million million, trillion
那天約二更時，只見封肅方回來，歡天喜地．眾人忙問端的．他乃說道：“原來本府新升的太爺姓賈名化，本貫胡
州人氏，曾与女婿舊日相交．方才在咱門前過去，因見嬌杏那丫頭買線，所以他只當女婿移住于此．我一一將原
故回明，那太爺倒傷感歎息了一回，又問外孫女儿，我說看燈丟了．太爺說：`不妨，我自使番役務必探訪回
來．'說了一回話，臨走倒送了我二兩銀子。”甄家娘子听了，不免心中傷感．一宿無話．至次日，早有雨村遣人
送了兩封銀子，四匹錦緞，答謝甄家娘子，又寄一封密書与封肅，轉托問甄家娘子要那嬌杏作二房．封肅喜的屁
滾尿流，巴不得去奉承，便在女儿前一力攛掇成了，乘夜只用一乘小轎，便把嬌杏送進去了．雨村歡喜，自不必
說，乃封百金贈封肅，外謝甄家娘子許多物事，令其好生養贍，以待尋訪女儿下落．封肅回家無話．
那天約二更時，
那天 na4 tian1 that day,the other day

約 yao1 weigh(约)
yue1 appointment,agreement,to arrange,to restrict,approximately(约)
更 geng1 to change
geng4 more,even more,further,still,still more
時 shi2 o'clock,time,when,hour,season,period,surname Shi(时)
，
只見封肅方回來，
:祇: zhi3 but,only
vessels etc
xian4 appear(见)
esp. letters
方 fang1 square,quadrilateral,power (such as cube 立方),classifier for square
things,upright,honest,fair and square,surname Fang,direction,party (to a
dispute),one side,place,method,prescription,just,then,only then
回來 hui2 lai5 return,come back(回来)
，
歡天喜地．
歡天喜地 huan1 tian1 xi3 di4 delighted,wild with joy,lit. pleased with heaven, happy
with earth (idiom)(欢天喜地)
．
眾人忙問端的．
眾人 zhong4 ren2 everyone(众人)

端的 duan1 di4 really,after all,details,particulars
．
他乃說道：
他 ta1 he,him
乃 nai3 to be,thus,so,therefore,then,only,thereupon
說道 shuo1 dao4 discuss(说道)
：
“原來本府新升的太爺姓賈名化，
“ 原來 yuan2 lai2 original,former,originally,formerly,at first,so... actually(原来)

本 ben3 roots or stems of plants,origin,source,this,the
current,root,foundation,basis,(classifier for books, periodicals, files etc)
to Qing times)
新 xin1 new,newly,abbr. for Xinjiang 新疆,meso- (chem.)
升 sheng1 to raise,to hoist,to promote,metric liter (also written 公升),measure for
dry grain equal to one-tenth dou 斗
:昇: sheng1 ascend,peaceful
:陞: sheng1 promoted
的 de5 of,structural particle: used before a noun, linking it to preceding
possessive or descriptive attributive
di2 really and truly
di4 aim,clear
名 ming2 name,noun (part of speech),place (e.g. among winners),famous,classifier
for people
化 hua1 variant of 花
hua4 to make into,to change into,-ization,to ... -ize,to transform,abbr. for
chemistry 化学
，
本貫胡州人氏，

貫 guan4 to pierce through,to string together,string of 1000 cash(贯)
胡 hu2 what?, why?, how?,surname Hu,non-Han people, esp. from central Asia, also
called Persians or Barbarians,reckless,outrageous
:鬍: hu2 beard,mustache,whiskers
州 zhou1 province,sub-prefecture,state (e.g. of US)
人氏 ren2 shi4 native,a person who comes from a particular place, ie. 河北省人氏
means "a person from Hebei Province"
，
曾与女婿舊日相交．
曾 ceng2 once,already,former,previously,(past tense marker used before verb or

clause)
zeng1 surname Zeng,great-grand (father)
与 :與: yu2 (same as 歟|欤, final particle expression doubt or surprise, similar to
吗 or 呢)
:與: yu3 and,to give,together with
:與: yu4 take part in
舊日 jiu4 ri4 former times,olden days(旧日)
相交 xiang1 jiao1 to cross over (e.g. traffic),to intersect,to make friends
．
方才在咱門前過去，
方才 fang1 cai2 just now,then
在 zai4 (located) at,(to be) in,to exist,in the middle of doing sth,(indicating an
action in progress)
咱 za2
zan2 we (including the person spoken to)
門前 men2 qian2 in front of the door(门前)
過去 guo4 qu5 (in the) past,former,previous,to go over,to pass by(过去)
，
因見嬌杏那丫頭買線，
xian4 appear(见)
嬌 jiao1 lovable,pampered,tender,delicate,frail(娇)
杏 xing4 apricot
那 na3 variant of 哪,how,which
na4 that,those,commonly pr. nei4 before a classifier, esp. in Beijing
丫頭 ya1 tou2 servant girl,maid(丫头)
買 mai3 to buy,to purchase(买)
線 xian4 thread,string,wire,line(线)
，
所以他只當女婿移住于此．
所以 suo3 yi3 therefore,as a result,so

他 ta1 he,him
:祇: zhi3 but,only
vessels etc
當 dang1 to be,to act as,manage,withstand,when,during,ought,should,match
equally,equal,same,obstruct,just at (a time or place),on the spot,right,just at(当)
dang4 at or in the very same...,to
pawn,suitable,adequate,fitting,proper,replace,represent(当)
移 yi2 to move,to shift,to change,to alter,to remove
住 zhu4 to live,to dwell,to stay,to reside,to stop
于 :於: yu2 in,at,to,from,by,than,out of,surname Yu
此 ci3 this,these
．
我一一將原故回明，
我 wo3 I,me,my
一一 yi1 yi1 one by one,one after another
將 jiang1 (will, shall, "future tense"),ready,prepared,to get,to use(将)
jiang4 a general(将)
原 yuan2 former,original,primary,raw,level,cause,source
故 gu4 happening,instance,reason,cause,deceased,old
明 ming2 clear,bright,to understand,next,the Ming dynasty (1368-1644),surname Ming
，
那太爺倒傷感歎息了一回，
倒 dao3 to fall,to collapse,to topple,to fail,to go bankrupt,to change (trains or
buses),to move around,to sell,to speculate (buying and selling, also 搗|
捣),profiteer
dao4 upset,turn over,to tip,to pour,to go home,to the contrary,inverted
傷感 shang1 gan3 sick at heart,psychologically wounded(伤感)
歎息 tan4 xi1 to sigh,to gasp (in admiration),also written 嘆息|叹息(叹息)
:瞭: liao3 clear
，
又問外孫女儿，
又 you4 (once) again,also,both... and...,again

外孫女 wai4 sun1 nu:3 daughter's daughter,granddaughter(外孙女)
儿 :兒: er2 son
:兒: r5 non-syllabic diminutive suffix,retroflex final
，
我說看燈丟了．
我 wo3 I,me,my
說 shui4 to canvass,to persuade(说)
theory)(说)
看 kan1 to look after,to take care of,to watch,to guard
kan4 to see,to look at,to read,to watch,to consider,to regard as,to view as,to
treat as,to judge,(after repeated verb) to give it a try,depending on (how you're
judging),to visit,to call on,to treat (an illness),to look after,Watch out! (for a
danger)
燈 deng1 lamp,light,lantern(灯)
丟 diu1 to lose,to put aside,to throw(丢)
:瞭: liao3 clear
．
太爺說：

theory)(说)
：
`不妨，
` 不妨 bu4 fang2 there is no harm in,might as well
，
我自使番役務必探訪回來．
我 wo3 I,me,my
自 zi4 from,self,oneself,since
使 shi3 to make,to cause,to enable,to use,to employ,messenger
番 Pan1 surname Pan,place name
fan1 deeds,foreign,classifier for repeated actions: time
役 yi4 forced labor,corvée,obligatory task,military service,to use as servant,to
enserf,a servant (in former times),a war,a campaign,a battle
務必 wu4 bi4 must,to need to,to be sure to(务必)
探訪 tan4 fang3 seek by inquiry or search,search,call on,visit(探访)
回來 hui2 lai5 return,come back(回来)
．
'說了一回話，
' 說 shui4 to canvass,to persuade(说)

theory)(说)
:瞭: liao3 clear
回話 hui2 hua4 to reply(回话)
，
臨走倒送了我二兩銀子。
臨 lin2 to face,to overlook,to arrive,to be (just) about to,just before(临)

走 zou3 to walk,to go,to run,to move (of vehicle),to visit,to leave,to go away,to
die (euph.),from,through,away (in compound verbs, such as 撤走),to change (shape,
form, meaning)
捣),profiteer
送 song4 to deliver,to carry,to give (as a present),to present (with),to see off,to
send
:瞭: liao3 clear
我 wo3 I,me,my
兩 liang3 both,two,ounce,some,a few,tael,weight equal to 50 grams(两)
銀子 yin2 zi5 money,silver(银子)
。
”甄家娘子听了，
” 甄 zhen1 to distinguish,surname Zhen

家 jia1 home,family,classifier for families or businesses,refers to the
philosophical schools of pre-Han China,noun suffix for specialists in some
activity such as musician or revolutionary, corresponds to English -ist, -er, -ary
or -ian,surname Jia
娘子 :孃子: niang2 zi5 wife
:瞭: liao3 clear
，
不免心中傷感．
不免 bu4 mian3 unavoidable

心中 xin1 zhong1 central point,in one's thoughts,in one's heart
傷感 shang1 gan3 sick at heart,psychologically wounded(伤感)
．
一宿無話．

宿 su4 lodge for the night,old,former,surname Su
xiu3 night,classifier for nights
xiu4 constellation
無 wu2 -less,not to have,no,none,not,to lack,un-(无)
話 hua4 dialect,language,spoken words,speech,talk,words,conversation,what sb
said(话)
．
至次日，
至 zhi4 arrive,most,to,until
次日 ci4 ri4 next day,the morrow
，
早有雨村遣人送了兩封銀子，
早 zao3 early,morning
有 you3 to have,there is,there are,to exist,to be
雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
遣 qian3 dispatch
send
:瞭: liao3 clear
esp. letters
銀子 yin2 zi5 money,silver(银子)
，
四匹錦緞，
四 si4 four,4
匹 pi1 mate,one of a pair
pi3 ordinary person,classifier for horses, mules etc,classifier for cloth: bolt
錦緞 jin3 duan4 brocade(锦缎)
，
答謝甄家娘子，
答謝 da2 xie4 to express one's thanks(答谢)

or -ian,surname Jia
，
又寄一封密書与封肅，

寄 ji4 to live (in a house),to lodge,to mail,to send,to entrust,to depend
esp. letters
密 mi4 secret,confidential,close,thick,dense
書 shu1 book,letter,same as 書經|书经 Book of History(书)
吗 or 呢)
esp. letters
，
轉托問甄家娘子要那嬌杏作二房．
轉托 zhuan3 tuo1 to pass on a task,to delegate one's work,to pass the buck(转托)
or -ian,surname Jia
要 yao1 demand,ask,request,coerce
yao4 important,vital,to want,will,going to (as future auxiliary),may,must
杏 xing4 apricot
作 zuo4 to do,to make,to regard as,to take sb for
二房 er4 fang2 two rooms,concubine
．
封肅喜的屁滾尿流，

esp. letters
喜 xi3 to be fond of,to like,to enjoy,to be happy,to feel
pleased,happiness,delight,glad
di4 aim,clear
屁滾尿流 pi4 gun3 niao4 liu2 to piss in one's pants in terror (idiom); scared
witless(屁滚尿流)
，
巴不得去奉承，
巴不得 ba1 bu4 de2 to be eager for,to long for,to look forward to
奉承 feng4 cheng5 to fawn on,to flatter,to ingratiate oneself,flattery
，
便在女儿前一力攛掇成了，

action in progress)
女儿 :女兒: nu:3 er2 daughter
前 qian2 before,in front,ago,former,previous,earlier,front,prefixed word denoting
respect (polite 美称); foremost; premier
力 li4 power,force,strength
攛掇 cuan1 duo5 to urge sb on(撺掇)
成了 cheng2 le5 to be done,to be ready,that's enough!,that will do!
，
乘夜只用一乘小轎，
乘 cheng2 to ride,to mount,to make use of,to avail oneself of,to take advantage
of,to multiply,Buddhist teaching
夜 ye4 night
:祇: zhi3 but,only
vessels etc
用 yong4 to use
乘 cheng2 to ride,to mount,to make use of,to avail oneself of,to take advantage
of,to multiply,Buddhist teaching
小 xiao3 small,tiny,few,young
轎 jiao4 a sedan chair,a palanquin,a litter(轿)
，
便把嬌杏送進去了．
把 ba3 to hold,to contain,to grasp,to take hold of,a handle,particle marking the
following noun as a direct object,classifier for objects with handle
ba4 handle
杏 xing4 apricot
send
進去 jin4 qu4 to go in(进去)
:瞭: liao3 clear
．
雨村歡喜，
雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
歡喜 huan1 xi3 joyful(欢喜)
，
自不必說，
不必 bu4 bi4 need not,does not have to
theory)(说)
，
乃封百金贈封肅，
esp. letters
百 bai3 hundred,numerous,all kinds of,surname Bai
金 jin1 gold Au, transition metal, atomic number 79,metal,money,the Jurchen Jin
dynasty (1115-1234),surname Jin or Kim
贈 zeng4 give present(赠)
esp. letters
，
外謝甄家娘子許多物事，
外 wai4 outside,in addition,foreign,external

謝 xie4 to thank,to apologize,to wither (flowers, leaves etc),to decline,surname
Xie(谢)
or -ian,surname Jia
許多 xu3 duo1 many,a lot of,much(许多)
物事 wu4 shi4
affair,matter,thing,business,articles,goods,materials,thing,stuff,person
(derogatory)
，
令其好生養贍，
令 ling4 make or cause to be,order,command,decree,honorable

其 qi2 his,her,its,theirs,that,such,it (refers to sth preceding it)
好 hao3 good,well,proper,good to,easy to,very,so,(suffix indicating completion or
readiness)
hao4 to be fond of
生養 sheng1 yang3 to bring up (children),to raise,to bear(生养)
贍 shan4 to support,provide for(赡)
，
以待尋訪女儿下落．
以 Yi3
yi3 to use,according to,so as to,in order to,by,with,because
待 dai1 stay,delay
dai4 to wait,to treat,to deal with,to need,going to (do sth),about to,intending to
尋訪 xun2 fang3 to inquire after,to look for (sb)(寻访)
下落 xia4 luo4 whereabouts
．
封肅回家無話．

esp. letters
回家 hui2 jia1 to return home
said(话)
．
卻說嬌杏這丫鬟，便是那年回顧雨村者．因偶然一顧，便弄出這段事來，亦是自己意料不到之奇緣．誰想他命運
兩濟，不承望自到雨村身邊，只一年便生了一子，又半載，雨村嫡妻忽染疾下世，雨村便將他扶側作正室夫人
了．正是：
卻說嬌杏這丫鬟，
卻說 que4 shuo1 and the story continues thus: (literary auxiliary particle 发语辞)
(却说)
杏 xing4 apricot
這 zhe4 this,these,(commonly pronounced zhei4 before a classifier, esp. in Beijing)
(这)
丫鬟 ya1 huan2 slave girl,servant girl,maid,same as 丫頭|丫头(丫环)
ya1 huan2 slave girl,servant girl,maid,same as 丫頭|丫头
，
便是那年回顧雨村者．
便是 bian4 shi4 (emphasizes that sth is precisely or exactly as

stated),precisely,exactly,even,if,just like,in the same way as
年 nian2 year
回顧 hui2 gu4 to look back,to review(回顾)
雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
者 zhe3 -ist, -er (person),person (who does sth)
．
因偶然一顧，
偶然 ou3 ran2 incidentally,occasional,occasionally,by chance,randomly
顧 gu4 to look after,to take into consideration,to attend to,surname Gu(顾)
，
便弄出這段事來，

弄 long4 lane,alley
nong4 to do,to manage,to handle,to play with,to fool with,to mess with,to fix,to
toy with
(这)
段 duan4 surname Duan,paragraph,section,segment,stage (of a process),classifier for
stories, periods of time, lengths of thread etc
事 shi4 matter,thing,item,work,affair
，
亦是自己意料不到之奇緣．
亦 yi4 also
是 shi4 is,are,am,yes,to be
自己 zi4 ji3 self,(reflexive pronoun),own
意料 yi4 liao4 to anticipate,to expect,to reckon ahead
不到 bu4 dao4 not to arrive,not reaching,insufficient,less than
奇 ji1 odd (number)
qi2 strange,odd,weird,wonderful
緣 yuan2 cause,reason,karma,fate,predestined affinity,margin,hem,edge,along(缘)
．
誰想他命運兩濟，
誰 shei2 who,also pronounced shui2(谁)

想 xiang3 to think,to believe,to suppose,to wish,to want,to miss
他 ta1 he,him
命運 ming4 yun4 fate,destiny(命运)
濟 ji4 aid,ferry,frugal(济)
，
不承望自到雨村身邊，

承望 cheng2 wang4 to expect (often in negative combination, I never expected...),to
look forward to
到 dao4 to (a place),until (a time),up to,to go,to arrive
雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
身邊 shen1 bian1 at one's side(身边)
，
只一年便生了一子，
:祇: zhi3 but,only
vessels etc
年 nian2 year
生 sheng1 to be born,to give birth,life,to grow,raw, uncooked
:瞭: liao3 clear
zi5 (noun suffix)
，
又半載，

半載 ban4 zai3 half a year(半载)
ban4 zai4 half load(半载)
，
雨村嫡妻忽染疾下世，
雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
嫡 di2 first wife,son of first wife
妻 qi1 wife
qi4 to marry off (a daughter)
忽 hu1 suddenly
染 ran3 to catch (a disease),dye
疾 ji2 sickness,disease,hate,envy,swift
下世 xia4 shi4 to die,the next generation
，
雨村便將他扶側作正室夫人了．
雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
他 ta1 he,him
扶 fu2 to support with hand,to help sb up,to help
側 ce4 the side,to incline towards,to lean,inclined,lateral,side(侧)
zhai1 lean on one side(侧)
正室 zheng4 shi4 first wife,legal wife
:瞭: liao3 clear
．
正是：
正是 zheng4 shi4 (emphasizes that sth is precisely or exactly as

：
偶因一著錯，便為人上人．原來，雨村因那年士隱贈銀之后，他于十六日便起身入都，至大比之期，不料他十分
得意，已會了進士，選入外班，今已升了本府知府．雖才干优長，未免有些貪酷之弊，且又恃才侮上，那些官員
皆側目而視．不上一年，便被上司尋了個空隙，作成一本，參他生情狡猾，擅纂禮儀，大怒，即批革職．該部文
書一到，本府官員無不喜悅．那雨村心中雖十分慚恨，卻面上全無一點怨色，仍是嘻笑自若，交代過公事，將歷
年做官積的些資本并家小人屬送至原籍，安排妥協，卻是自己擔風袖月，游覽天下胜跡．
偶因一著錯，
偶 ou3 accidental,image,pair,mate
ending(着)
錯 cuo4 mistake,error,blunder,fault,cross,uneven,wrong(错)
，
便為人上人．

為人 wei2 ren2 behavior,one's conduct(为人)
上 shang4 on,on top,upon,first (of multiple
parts),previous,last,upper,higher,above,to climb,to go into,to go up,to attend
(class or university),third tone of putonghua
．
原來，
原來 yuan2 lai2 original,former,originally,formerly,at first,so... actually(原来)

，
雨村因那年士隱贈銀之后，
雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
年 nian2 year
士 shi4 scholar,warrior,knight
隱 yin3 secret,hidden,concealed,Greek stem: crypto-(隐)
yin4 to lean upon(隐)
贈 zeng4 give present(赠)
銀 yin2 silver Ag, transition metal, atomic number 47(银)
之后 :之後: zhi1 hou4 afterwards,following,later,after
，
他于十六日便起身入都，
他 ta1 he,him
十六 shi2 liu4 sixteen,16
日 ri4 sun,day,date, day of the month,abbr. for 日本|日本 Japan
起身 qi3 shen1 to get up,to leave,to set forth
入 ru4 to enter,entering tone (classical Chinese)
，
至大比之期，
大 da4 big,huge,large,major,great,wide,deep,oldest,eldest
dai4 doctor
比 bi3 (particle used for comparison and "-er than"),to compare,to contrast,to
gesture (with hands),ratio,abbr. for Belgium 比利時|比利时
bi4 associate with,be near
期 qi1 a period of time,phase,stage,(used for issue of a periodical, courses of
study),time,term,period,to hope,Taiwan pr. qi2
，
不料他十分得意，
不料 bu4 liao4 unexpectedly,to one's surprise

他 ta1 he,him
十分 shi2 fen1 to divide into ten equal parts,very,hundred
percent,completely,extremely,utterly,absolutely
得意 de2 yi4 proud of oneself,pleased with oneself,complacent
，
已會了進士，

會 hui4 can,be possible,be able to,will,be likely to,be sure to,to assemble,to
meet,to gather,to see,union,group,association(会)
kuai4 to balance an account,accounting(会)
:瞭: liao3 clear
進士 jin4 shi4 successful candidate in the highest imperial civil service
examination,palace graduate(进士)
，
選入外班，
選入 xuan3 ru4 selected (for admission),elected(选入)

班 ban1 team,class,squad,work shift,classifier for groups,ranking,surname Ban
，
今已升了本府知府．
:瞭: liao3 clear
to Qing times)
知府 zhi1 fu3 prefectural magistrate (during Tang to Qing times)
．
雖才干优長，
雖 sui1 although,even though(虽)
才干 cai2 gan4 ability,competence
优 :優: you1 excellent,superior
長 chang2 length,long,forever,always,constantly(长)
zhang3 chief,head,elder,to grow,to develop(长)
，
未免有些貪酷之弊，
未免 wei4 mian3 unavoidable,a bit too much,over the top (you exaggerate)
有些 you3 xie1 some,somewhat
貪 tan1 greedy(贪)
酷 ku4 ruthless,strong (as of wine),cool (loanword)
弊 bi4 detriment,fraud,harm,defeat
，
且又恃才侮上，
且 qie3 further,moreover
恃 shi4 rely upon
才 cai2 ability,talent,endowment,gift,an expert,only (then),only if,just
:纔: cai2 just,not until
侮 wu3 insult
，
那些官員皆側目而視．

官員 guan1 yuan2 official (in an organization or government),administrator(官员)
皆 jie1 all,each and every,in all cases
側目 ce4 mu4 to raise eyebrows,to cast sidelong glances (expressing fear or
indignation),shocked,surprised(侧目)
而 er2 and,as well as,and so,but (not),yet (not),(indicates causal relation),
(indicates change of state),(indicates contrast)
視 shi4 to look at,to regard,to inspect(视)
．
不上一年，

年 nian2 year
，
便被上司尋了個空隙，

被 bei4 by (indicates passive-voice sentences or clauses),to cover,to wear
上司 shang4 si5 boss,superior
尋 xun2 to search,to look for,to seek(寻)
:瞭: liao3 clear
個 ge4 individual,this,that,size,classifier for people or objects in general(个)
空隙 kong4 xi4 crack,gap between two objects,gap in time between two events
，
作成一本，

成 cheng2 finish,complete,accomplish,become,turn into,win,succeed,one tenth,surname
Cheng
，
參他生情狡猾，
參 can1 take part in,participate,join,attend,to join,unequal,varied,irregular,to

counsel,uneven,not uniform,abbr. for 參議院|参议院 Senate, Upper House(参)
shen1 ginseng(参)
他 ta1 he,him
情 qing2 feeling,emotion,passion,situation
狡猾 jiao3 hua2 crafty,cunning,sly
，
擅纂禮儀，
擅 shan4 without authority,to usurp,to arrogate to oneself,to monopolize,expert

in,to be good at
纂 zuan3 compile
禮儀 li3 yi2 etiquette,ceremony(礼仪)
，
大怒，
大怒 da4 nu4 angry,indignant

，
即批革職．
即 ji2 namely,that is,i.e.,prompt,at once,at present,even if,prompted (by the

occasion),to approach,to come into contact,to assume (office),to draw near
批 pi1 to ascertain,to act on,to criticize,to pass on,classifier for batches, lots,
military flights,tier (for the ranking of universities and colleges)
革職 ge2 zhi2 to sack,to remove from a position,to depose(革职)
．
該部文書一到，
該 gai1 that,the above-mentioned,most likely,to deserve,should,ought to,owe(该)

部 bu4 ministry,department,section,part,division,troops,board,(classifier for works
of literature, films, machines etc)
文書 wen2 shu1 document,official correspondence,secretary,secretariat(文书)
，
本府官員無不喜悅．

to Qing times)
官員 guan1 yuan2 official (in an organization or government),administrator(官员)
無不 wu2 bu4 none lacking,none missing,everything is there,everyone without
exception(无不)
喜悅 xi3 yue4 happy,joyous(喜悦)
．
那雨村心中雖十分慚恨，

雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
慚 can2 ashamed(惭)
恨 hen4 to hate
，
卻面上全無一點怨色，
卻 que4 but,yet,however,while,to go back,to decline,to retreat,nevertheless,even

though(却)
面 mian4 fade,side,surface,aspect,top,face,classifier for flat surfaces such as
drums, mirrors, flags etc
:麵: mian4 flour,noodles
全 quan2 all,whole,entire,every,complete,surname Quan
一點 yi1 dian3 a bit,a little,one dot,one point(一点)
怨 yuan4 to blame,to complain
色 se4 color,look,appearance,sex
shai3 color,dice
，
仍是嘻笑自若，
仍 reng2 still,yet,to remain

嘻 xi1 laugh,giggle
自若 zi4 ruo4 calm,composed,at ease
，
交代過公事，
交代 jiao1 dai4 to hand over,to explain,to make clear

過 guo4 (experienced action marker),to cross,to go over,to pass (time),to celebrate
(a holiday),to live,to get along,excessively,too-,surname Guo(过)
公事 gong1 shi4 public affairs,official (matters, duties etc)
，
將歷年做官積的些資本并家小人屬送至原籍，

歷年 li4 nian2 over the years(历年)
做官 zuo4 guan1 to take an official post,to become a government employee
積 ji1 to amass,to accumulate,to store,measured quantity (such as area of
volume),product (the result of multiplication),to integrate (math.),to solve (or
integrate) an ordinary differential equation (math.),old,long-standing(积)
di4 aim,clear
些 xie1 some,few,several,(a measure word)
資本 zi1 ben3 capital (as in capitalism)(资本)
并 bing4 and,also,together with
:並: bing4 and,furthermore,also,together with,(not) at all,simultaneously,to
combine,to join,to merge
:併: bing4 to combine,to amalgamate
or -ian,surname Jia
屬 shu3 category,genus (taxonomy),family members,dependents,to belong
to,subordinate to,affiliated with,be born in the year of (one of the 12
animals),to be,to prove to be,to constitute(属)
zhu3 to join together,to fix one's attention on,to concentrate on(属)
send
原籍 yuan2 ji2 ancestral home (town),birthplace
，
安排妥協，
安排 an1 pai2 to arrange,to plan,to set up

妥協 tuo3 xie2 to compromise,to reach terms,a compromise(妥协)
，
卻是自己擔風袖月，

though(却)
自己 zi4 ji3 self,(reflexive pronoun),own
擔 dan1 to undertake,to carry,to shoulder,to take responsibility(担)
dan4 a picul (100 catties, 50 kg.),two buckets full,carrying pole and it's load(担)
風 feng1 wind,news,style,custom,manner(风)
袖 xiu4 sleeve
月 yue4 moon,month
，
游覽天下胜跡．
游 you2 to walk,to tour,to roam,to travel,to swim,surname You

:遊: you2 to walk,to tour,to roam,to travel,surname You
覽 lan3 look over,to view(览)
天下 tian1 xia4 land under heaven,the whole world,the whole of
China,realm,rule,domination
胜 :勝: sheng4 victory,success,to beat,to defeat,to surpass,victorious,superior
to,to get the better of,better than,surpassing,superb (of vista),beautiful
(scenery),wonderful (view),(arch. pronunciation shēng) able to bear,equal to (a
task)
跡 ji4 footprint,mark,trace,vestige,sign,indication,Taiwan pr. ji1(迹)
．
那日，偶又游至維揚地面，因聞得今歲鹺政點的是林如海．這林如海姓林名海，表字如海，乃是前科的探花，今
已升至蘭台寺大夫，本貫姑蘇人氏，今欽點出為巡鹽御史，到任方一月有余．原來這林如海之祖，曾襲過列侯，
今到如海，業經五世．起初時，只封襲三世，因當今隆恩盛德，遠邁前代，額外加恩，至如海之父，又襲了一
代；至如海，便從科第出身．雖系鐘鼎之家，卻亦是書香之族．只可惜這林家支庶不盛，子孫有限，雖有几門，
卻与如海俱是堂族而已，沒甚親支嫡派的．今如海年已四十，只有一個三歲之子，偏又于去歲死了．雖有几房姬
妾，奈他命中無子，亦無可如何之事．今只有嫡妻賈氏，生得一女，乳名黛玉，年方五歲．夫妻無子，故愛如珍
寶，且又見他聰明清秀，便也欲使他讀書識得几個字，不過假充養子之意，聊解膝下荒涼之歎．
那日，

，
偶又游至維揚地面，
維 wei2 to preserve,to maintain,to hold together,dimension,abbr. for Uighur 維吾爾|
维吾尔(维)
揚 yang2 to raise,to hoist,the action of tossing or winnowing,scattering (in the
wind),to flutter,to propagate(扬)
地面 di4 mian4 floor,ground,surface
，
因聞得今歲鹺政點的是林如海．
聞 wen2 to hear,news,well-known,famous,reputation,fame,to smell,to sniff at,surname
Wen(闻)
得 de2 to obtain,to get,to gain,to catch (a
disease),proper,suitable,proud,contented,to allow,to permit,ready,finished
de5 structural particle: used after a verb (or adjective as main verb), linking it
to following phrase indicating effect, degree, possibility etc
dei3 to have to,must,ought to,to need to
歲 sui4 classifier for years (of age),year,year (of crop harvests)(岁)
鹺 cuo2 brine,salt(鹾)
政 zheng4 political,politics,government
點 dian3 point,dot,speck,drop,decimal point,point of a scale,point in a theory or
argument,downwards-right convex character stroke,a little (usually 一點|一点),a
jot,beat (of percussion instrument),to draw a dot,to touch slightly,to
drip,classifier for items,classifier for small indeterminate quantities,to nod,to
select item from a list,to order (food in a restaurant),to count,o'clock,one fifth
of a two hour watch (old),hour,point of time,iron bell (used to mark
time),pastry,dimsum 點心|点心(点)
di4 aim,clear
林 lin2 woods,forest,surname Lin
如 ru2 as,as if,such as
海 hai3 ocean,sea
．
這林如海姓林名海，

(这)
海 hai3 ocean,sea
for people
海 hai3 ocean,sea
，
表字如海，
表字 biao3 zi4 literary name (an alternative name of person stressing a moral
principle)
海 hai3 ocean,sea
，
乃是前科的探花，
乃是 nai3 shi4 to be
前科 qian2 ke1 criminal record,previous convictions
di4 aim,clear
探花 tan4 hua1
，
今已升至蘭台寺大夫，
蘭 lan2 orchid (蘭花|兰花 Cymbidium goeringii),fragrant thoroughwort (蘭草|兰草
Eupatorium fortunei),lily magnolia (木蘭|木兰),surname Lan(兰)
台 tai2 surname Tai,(classical) you (in letters),platform,Taiwan (abbr.)
:檯: tai2 desk,platform
:臺: tai2 platform,stage,terrace,stand,support,desk,station,broadcasting
station,classifier for vehicles or machines,Taiwan (abbr.)
:颱: tai2 typhoon
寺 si4 Buddhist temple
大夫 dai4 fu5 doctor,minister of state (in pre-Han states)
，
本貫姑蘇人氏，

貫 guan4 to pierce through,to string together,string of 1000 cash(贯)
姑 gu1 paternal aunt
蘇 su1 Perilla frutescens (Chinese basil or wild red basil),place name,to
revive,used as phonetic in transliteration,abbr. for Soviet Union 蘇維埃|苏维埃 or 蘇
聯|苏联, Jiangsu province 江蘇|江苏 and Suzhou city 蘇州|苏州,surname Su(苏)
人氏 ren2 shi4 native,a person who comes from a particular place, ie. 河北省人氏
means "a person from Hebei Province"
，
今欽點出為巡鹽御史，
欽 qin1 royal(钦)
點 dian3 point,dot,speck,drop,decimal point,point of a scale,point in a theory or
argument,downwards-right convex character stroke,a little (usually 一點|一点),a
jot,beat (of percussion instrument),to draw a dot,to touch slightly,to
drip,classifier for items,classifier for small indeterminate quantities,to nod,to
select item from a list,to order (food in a restaurant),to count,o'clock,one fifth
of a two hour watch (old),hour,point of time,iron bell (used to mark
time),pastry,dimsum 點心|点心(点)
為 wei2 as (in the capacity of),to take sth as,to act as,to serve as,to behave
as,to become,to be,to do(为)
wei4 because of,for,to(为)
鹽 yan2 salt(盐)
御史 yu4 shi3 imperial censor (formal title of a dynastic official)
，
到任方一月有余．

任 ren4 to assign,to appoint,to take up a post,office,responsibility,to let,to
allow,to give free rein to,no matter (how, what etc),surname Ren
一月 yi1 yue4 January,first month
有余 :有餘: you3 yu2 to have an abundance
．
原來這林如海之祖，

(这)
海 hai3 ocean,sea
祖 zu3 ancestor,forefather,grandparents,surname Zu
，
曾襲過列侯，

clause)
襲 xi2 to attack,to inherit,classifier for suits (esp. of funeral robes)(袭)
列 lie4 to arrange,to line up,row,file,series,column
侯 hou2
，
今到如海，
海 hai3 ocean,sea
，
業經五世．
業經 ye4 jing1 already(业经)

五世 wu3 shi4 the fifth (of series of numbered kings)
．
起初時，
起初 qi3 chu1 originally,at first,at the outset

，
只封襲三世，
:祇: zhi3 but,only
vessels etc
esp. letters
三世 san1 shi4 the Third (of named Kings)
，
因當今隆恩盛德，
當今 dang1 jin1 current,present,now,nowadays(当今)
隆 long1 sound of drums
long2 grand,intense,prosperous,start (a fire)
恩 en1 favor,grace,kindness
盛德 sheng4 de2 splendid virtue,majestic moral character,great kindness
，
遠邁前代，
遠 yuan3 far,distant,remote(远)
邁 mai4 take a step(迈)
代 dai4 to substitute,to act on behalf of others,to
replace,generation,dynasty,age,period,(historical) era,(geological) eon
，
額外加恩，
額外 e2 wai4 extra,added,additional(额外)
加 jia1 to add,plus,abbr. for Canada 加拿大
恩 en1 favor,grace,kindness
，
至如海之父，
海 hai3 ocean,sea
父 fu4 father
，
又襲了一代；至如海，

:瞭: liao3 clear
一代 yi1 dai4 generation
；至 zhi4 arrive,most,to,until
海 hai3 ocean,sea
，
便從科第出身．

從 cong1 lax,yielding,unhurried(从)
cong2 from,via,passing through,through (a gap),past,ever (followed by negative,
meaning never),(formerly pr. zong4 and related to 縱|纵) to follow,to comply
with,to obey,to join,to engage in,adopting some mode of action or
attitude,follower,retainer,accessory,accomplice,related by common paternal
grandfather or earlier ancestor,surname Cong(从)
zong4 second cousin(从)
科 ke1 branch of study,administrative section,division,field,branch,stage
directions,family (taxonomy),rules,laws,to mete out (punishment),to levy (taxes
etc),to fine sb
第 di4 (prefix indicating ordinal number, e.g. first, number two etc)
出身 chu1 shen1 family background,class origin
．
雖系鐘鼎之家，

系 xi4 system,department,faculty,to tie
:係: xi4 to be,connection,relation,tie up,bind
:繫: ji4 to tie,to fasten,to button up
:繫: xi4 connect,to tie
鐘 zhong1 clock,o'clock,time as measured in hours and minutes,bell,surname
Zhong(钟)
鼎 ding3 tripod
or -ian,surname Jia
，
卻亦是書香之族．

though(却)
亦 yi4 also
書香 shu1 xiang1 literary reputation(书香)
族 zu2 race,nationality,ethnicity,clan,by extension, social group (e.g. office
workers 上班族)
．
只可惜這林家支庶不盛，
:祇: zhi3 but,only
vessels etc
可惜 ke3 xi1 it is a pity,what a pity,(it's) too bad
(这)
or -ian,surname Jia
支 zhi1 to support,to sustain,to erect,to raise,branch,division,to draw
money,surname Zhi,classifier for rods such as pens and guns, for army divisions
and for songs or compositions,watt, classifier for power of light bulbs
庶 shu4 numerous,all,common people,nearly,to hope,born of a concubine
盛 cheng2 to hold,contain,to ladle,pick up with a utensil
sheng4 flourishing,vigorous,magnificent,extensively,surname Sheng
，
子孫有限，
子孫 zi3 sun1 offspring,posterity(子孙)

有限 you3 xian4 limited,finite
，
雖有几門，

几 ji1 small table
:幾: ji1 almost
:幾: ji3 how much,how many,several,a few
門 men2 gate,door(门)
，
卻与如海俱是堂族而已，

though(却)
吗 or 呢)
海 hai3 ocean,sea
俱 ju1 entirely,without exception
ju4 a social club
堂 tang2 (main) hall,large room for a specific purpose,relationship between cousins
etc on the paternal side of a family,of the same clan,classifier for sets (or
suites) of furniture, classes etc
workers 上班族)
而已 er2 yi3 that's all,nothing more
，
沒甚親支嫡派的．
沒 mei2 (negative prefix for verbs),have not,not(没)

mo4 drowned,to end,to die,to inundate(没)
甚 shen2 what(什)
shen4 what,very,extremely,any
派 pai4 clique,school,group,faction,to dispatch,to send,to assign,to appoint,pi
(Greek letter Ππ),the circular ratio pi = 3.1415926
di4 aim,clear
．
今如海年已四十，
海 hai3 ocean,sea
年 nian2 year
四十 si4 shi2 forty,40
，
只有一個三歲之子，

一個 yi1 ge4 a,an(一个)
三 san1 three,3
zi5 (noun suffix)
，
偏又于去歲死了．
偏 pian1 one-sided,to lean,to slant,prejudiced,inclined to one side,the left-hand

side of split Chinese character, often the key or radical
死 si3 to die,impassable,uncrossable,inflexible,rigid,extremely
:瞭: liao3 clear
．
雖有几房姬妾，

几 ji1 small table
:幾: ji1 almost
房 fang2 house,room,surname Fang
姬 ji1 surname Ji,women
妾 qie4 concubine,I, your servant (deprecatory self-reference for women)
，
奈他命中無子，
奈 nai4 how can one help

他 ta1 he,him
中 zhong1 within,among,in,middle,center,while (doing sth),during,China,Chinese
zhong4 hit (the mark)
zi5 (noun suffix)
，
亦無可如何之事．
亦 yi4 also
無可如何 wu2 ke3 ru2 he2 to have no alternative (idiom)(无可如何)
．
今只有嫡妻賈氏，
妻 qi1 wife
氏 shi4 clan name,maiden name
，
生得一女，

女 nu:3 female,woman,daughter
，
乳名黛玉，
乳 ru3 breast,milk
for people
黛 dai4 umber-black dye for painting the eyebrow
玉 yu4 jade
，
年方五歲．
年 nian2 year
五 wu3 five,5
．
夫妻無子，
夫妻 fu1 qi1 man and wife

zi5 (noun suffix)
，
故愛如珍寶，
愛 ai4 to love,affection,to be fond of,to like(爱)
珍寶 zhen1 bao3 a treasure(珍宝)
，
且又見他聰明清秀，
xian4 appear(见)
他 ta1 he,him
聰明 cong1 ming5 acute (of sight and hearing),clever,intelligent,bright,smart(聪明)
清秀 qing1 xiu4 delicate and pretty
，
便也欲使他讀書識得几個字，

也 ye3 also,too,(in classical Chinese) final particle serving as copula
他 ta1 he,him
讀書 du2 shu1 to study,to read(读书)
識得 shi2 de5 to know(识得)
几 ji1 small table
:幾: ji1 almost
字 zi4 letter,symbol,character,word
，
不過假充養子之意，
不過 bu4 guo4 only,merely,no more than,but,however,anyway (to get back to a

previous topic)(不过)
假充 jia3 chong1 to pose as sb,to act a part,imposture
養子 yang3 zi3 adopted son,foster-son(养子)
意 yi4 idea,meaning,thought,to think,wish,desire,intention,to expect,to
anticipate,abbr. for Italy 意大利
，
聊解膝下荒涼之歎．
聊 liao2 to chat,to have a chat,to kill time

解 Xie4 surname Xie
jie3 to divide,to break up,to split,to separate,to dissolve,to solve,to melt,to
remove,to untie,to loosen,to open,to emancipate,to explain,to understand,to know,a
solution,a dissection
jie4 transport under guard
膝 xi1 knee
下 xia4 down,downwards,below,lower,later,next (week etc),second (of two parts),to
decline,to go down
荒涼 huang1 liang2 desolate(荒凉)
歎 tan4 sigh,gasp,exclaim(叹)
．
雨村正值偶感風寒，病在旅店，將一月光景方漸愈．一因身体勞倦，二因盤費不繼，也正欲尋個合式之處，暫且
歇下．幸有兩個舊友，亦在此境居住，因聞得鹺政欲聘一西賓，雨村便相托友力，謀了進去，且作安身之計．妙
在只一個女學生，并兩個伴讀丫鬟，這女學生年又小，身体又极怯弱，工課不限多寡，故十分省力．堪堪又是一
載的光陰，誰知女學生之母賈氏夫人一疾而終．女學生侍湯奉藥，守喪盡哀，遂又將辭館別圖．林如海意欲令女
守制讀書，故又將他留下．近因女學生哀痛過傷，本自怯弱多病的，触犯舊症，遂連日不曾上學．雨村閒居無
聊，每當風日晴和，飯后便出來閒步．
雨村正值偶感風寒，
雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
正值 zheng4 zhi2 honest,upright,positive value
感 gan3 to feel,to move,to touch,to affect
寒 han2 cold,poor,to tremble
，
病在旅店，
病 bing4 ailment,sickness,illness,disease,fall ill,sick,defect

action in progress)
旅店 lu:3 dian4 inn,small hotel
，
將一月光景方漸愈．
一月 yi1 yue4 January,first month
光景 guang1 jing3 circumstances,scene,about,probably
漸 jian1 imbue(渐)
jian4 gradual,gradually(渐)
愈 yu4 heal,the more...the more,to recover,better
:癒: yu4 heal
．
一因身体勞倦，

身体 :身體: shen1 ti3 (human) body,health
勞 lao2 toil(劳)
倦 juan4 tired
，
二因盤費不繼，

盤費 pan2 fei4 travel expenses,fare,traveling allowance(盘费)
繼 ji4 to continue,to follow after,to go on with,to succeed,to
inherit,then,afterwards(继)
，
也正欲尋個合式之處，

正 zheng1 Chinese 1st month of year
zheng4 just (right),main,upright,straight,correct,positive,greater than
zero,principle
尋 xun2 to search,to look for,to seek(寻)
合式 he2 shi4 suitable,fitting,decent,to fit
處 chu3 to reside,to live,to dwell,to be in,to be situated at,to stay,to get along
with,to be in a position of,to deal with,to discipline,to punish(处)
chu4 place,location,spot,point,office,department,bureau,respect,classifier for
locations or items of damage: spot, point(处)
，
暫且歇下．
暫且 zan4 qie3 for now,for the time being,temporarily(暂且)

歇 xie1 to rest
decline,to go down
．
幸有兩個舊友，
幸 xing4 fortunate,lucky,surname Xing

:倖: xing4 lucky
個舊 Ge4 jiu4 Gejiu, county level city in Yunnan, capital of Honghe Hani and Yi
autonomous county 紅河哈尼族彝族自治州|红河哈尼族彝族自治州(个旧)
友 you3 friend
，
亦在此境居住，
亦 yi4 also
在此 zai4 ci3 hereto,here
境 jing4 border,place,condition,boundary,circumstances,territory
居住 ju1 zhu4 to reside,to dwell,to live in a place,resident in
，
因聞得鹺政欲聘一西賓，
聞 wen2 to hear,news,well-known,famous,reputation,fame,to smell,to sniff at,surname
Wen(闻)
鹺 cuo2 brine,salt(鹾)
聘 pin4 to engage (teacher),to hire,employment,hiring,to betroth,betrothed,to get
married (of woman)
西 xi1 west,the West,Spain (abbr.),Spanish
賓 bin1 visitor,guest,object (in grammar)(宾)
，
雨村便相托友力，
雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
相 xiang1 each other,one another,mutually
xiang4 appearance,portrait,picture
托 tuo1 prop,support (for weight),rest (e.g. arm rest),thanks to,to hold in one's
hand,to support in one's palm,to give,to base,to commit,to set
:託: tuo1 to trust,to entrust,to be entrusted with,to act as trustee
友 you3 friend
，
謀了進去，
謀 mou2 to plan,seek,scheme(谋)
:瞭: liao3 clear
，
且作安身之計．
安身 an1 shen1 make one's home,take shelter
計 ji4 to calculate,to compute,to count,reckon,ruse,to plan,surname Ji(计)
．
妙在只一個女學生，
妙 miao4 clever,wonderful
action in progress)
:祇: zhi3 but,only
vessels etc
女學生 nu:3 xue2 sheng1 schoolgirl(女学生)
，
并兩個伴讀丫鬟，
并 bing4 and,also,together with

:並: bing4 and,furthermore,also,together with,(not) at all,simultaneously,to
combine,to join,to merge
:併: bing4 to combine,to amalgamate
伴 ban4 partner,companion,comrade,associate,to accompany
讀 dou4 comma,phrase marked by pause(读)
du2 to read,to study(读)
丫鬟 ya1 huan2 slave girl,servant girl,maid,same as 丫頭|丫头(丫环)
ya1 huan2 slave girl,servant girl,maid,same as 丫頭|丫头
，
這女學生年又小，

(这)
年 nian2 year
，
身体又极怯弱，
身体 :身體: shen1 ti3 (human) body,health

极 :極: ji2 extremely,pole (geography, physics),utmost,top
怯弱 qie4 ruo4 timid,weak
，
工課不限多寡，
工 gong1 work,worker,skill,profession,trade,craft,labor
課 ke4 subject,course,class,lesson(课)
限 xian4 limit,bound
多寡 duo1 gua3 number,amount
，
故十分省力．
省力 sheng3 li4 to save labor,to save effort
．
堪堪又是一載的光陰，
堪 kan1 to endure,may,can
堪 kan1 to endure,may,can
載 zai3 year,to record in writing(载)
zai4 to carry,to convey,to load,to hold,to fill up,and,also,as well
as,simultaneously(载)
di4 aim,clear
光陰 guang1 yin1 time available(光阴)
，
誰知女學生之母賈氏夫人一疾而終．
誰知 shui2 zhi1 lit. who knows,who would have thought,unexpectedly,unpredictably(谁

知)
母 mu3 female,mother
疾 ji2 sickness,disease,hate,envy,swift
終 zhong1 end,finish(终)
．
女學生侍湯奉藥，
侍 shi4 attend on
湯 tang1 soup,surname Tang(汤)
奉 feng4 to offer (tribute),to present respectfully (to superior, ancestor, deity
etc),to esteem,to revere,to believe in (a religion),to wait upon,to accept orders
(from superior)
藥 yao4 medicine,drug,cure(药)
，
守喪盡哀，
守喪 shou3 sang1 to keep watch beside a coffin,to observe period of mourning(守丧)

哀 ai1 sorrow,grief,pity,to grieve for,to pity,to lament,to condole
，
遂又將辭館別圖．
遂 sui4 to satisfy,to succeed,then,thereupon,finally,unexpectedly

辭 ci2 refined language,wording,poetic genre (so far, interchangeable with 詞|
词),to take leave,to resign,to dismiss,to decline(辞)
館 guan3 house,establishment(馆)
別 bie2 leave,depart,separate,distinguish,classify,other,another,do not,must not,to
pin(别)
圖 tu2 diagram,to plan,picture,drawing,chart(图)
．
林如海意欲令女守制讀書，

海 hai3 ocean,sea
守制 shou3 zhi4 to go into mourning for one's parents
，
故又將他留下．
他 ta1 he,him
留下 liu2 xia4 to leave behind,to stay behind,to remain
．
近因女學生哀痛過傷，
近 jin4 near,close to,approximately
哀痛 ai1 tong4 to grieve,to mourn,deep sorrow,grief
傷 shang1 injure,injury,wound(伤)
，
本自怯弱多病的，

怯弱 qie4 ruo4 timid,weak
多 duo1 many,much,a lot of,numerous,multi-
病 bing4 ailment,sickness,illness,disease,fall ill,sick,defect
di4 aim,clear
，
触犯舊症，
触犯 :觸犯: chu4 fan4 offend

舊 jiu4 old,opposite: new 新,former(旧)
症 zheng4 disease,illness
，
遂連日不曾上學．

連日 lian2 ri4 day after day,for several days running(连日)
不曾 bu4 ceng2 never (have done sth)
上學 shang4 xue2 to go to school,to attend school(上学)
．
雨村閒居無聊，
雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
閒 jian4 interstice,separate
xian2 variant of 閑|闲, idle,unoccupied,leisure,free time
居 ju1 reside
無聊 wu2 liao2 nonsense,bored(无聊)
，
每當風日晴和，
每當 mei3 dang1 whenever,every time(每当)

晴 qing2 clear,fine (weather)
和 he2 and,together with,with,sum,union,peace,harmony,surname He,Japanese
related,Taiwan pr. han4
he4 cap (a poem),to respond in singing
hu2 to complete a set in mahjong or playing cards
huo2 soft,warm
huo4 to mix together,to blend
，
飯后便出來閒步．
飯 fan4 food,cuisine,cooked rice,meal(饭)

后 hou4 empress,queen,surname Hou
:後: hou4 back,behind,rear,afterwards,after,later
步 bu4 a step,a pace,walk,march,stages in a process
．
這日，偶至郭外，意欲賞鑒那村野風光．忽信步至一山環水旋，茂林深竹之處，隱隱的有座廟宇，門巷傾頹，牆
垣朽敗，門前有額，題著"智通寺"三字，門旁又有一副舊破的對聯，曰
這日，

(这)
，
偶至郭外，
郭 Guo1 surname Guo
guo1 outer city wall
，
意欲賞鑒那村野風光．

賞 shang3 to bestow (a reward),to give (to an inferior),to hand down,a reward
(bestowed by a superior),to appreciate (beauty)(赏)
鑒 jian4 example,mirror,to view,reflection,to reflect,to inspect,to warn,(ancient
bronze mirror)(鉴)
村 cun1 village
野 ye3 field,plain,open space,limit,boundary,rude,wild
風光 feng1 guang1 a natural scenic view(风光)
．
忽信步至一山環水旋，
忽 hu1 suddenly
信步 xin4 bu4 to wander aimlessly
山 shan1 mountain,hill
環 huan2 bracelet,ring (not for finger),to surround,to loop,loop(环)
水 shui3 water,river,liquid,beverage,molten (metal),surname Shui
旋 xuan2 revolve
xuan4 lathe,specially for an occasion
，
茂林深竹之處，
茂 mao4 luxuriant
深 shen1 deep,profound,dark (of color)
竹 zhu2 bamboo
，
隱隱的有座廟宇，
隱隱 yin3 yin3 faint,indistinct(隐隐)

di4 aim,clear
座 zuo4 seat,base,stand,(classifier for buildings, mountains, large solid things
etc)
廟 miao4 temple,monastery(庙)
宇 yu3 room,universe
，
門巷傾頹，
巷 xiang4 lane,alley
傾頹 qing1 tui2 to collapse,to topple,to capsize(倾颓)
，
牆垣朽敗，
牆 qiang2 wall(墙)
垣 yuan2 wall
朽 xiu3 rotten
敗 bai4 be defeated,to defeat,loss(败)
，
門前有額，

額 e2 volume,amount,quantity,forehead,quota(额)
，
題著"智通寺"三字，
題 ti2 topic,problem for discussion,exam question,subject,to inscribe,to

mention,surname Ti(题)
ending(着)
" 智 zhi4 wisdom,knowledge
通 tong1 to go through,to know well,to connect,to communicate,open,to clear
tong4 classifier for actions
寺 si4 Buddhist temple
" 三 san1 three,3
，
門旁又有一副舊破的對聯，
旁 pang2 beside,one side,other,side,self,the right-hand side of split Chinese
character, often the phonetic
副 fu4 secondary,auxiliary,deputy,assistant,vice-,abbr. for 副詞|副词
adverb,classifier for pairs
舊 jiu4 old,opposite: new 新,former(旧)
破的 po4 di4 to hit the target,fig. to touch the main point in speaking
對聯 dui4 lian2 rhyming couplet,pair of lines of verse written vertically down the
sides of a doorway(对联)
，
曰 yue1 to speak,to say
身后有余忘縮手，眼前無路想回頭．雨村看了，因想到：“這兩句話，文雖淺近，其意則深．我也曾游過些名山大
剎，倒不曾見過這話頭，其中想必有個翻過筋斗來的亦未可知，何不進去試試。”想著走入，只有一個龍鐘老僧在
那里煮粥．雨村見了，便不在意．及至問他兩句話，那老僧既聾且昏，齒落舌鈍，所答非所問．
身后有余忘縮手，
身 shen1 body,torso,person,life,status,pregnancy,classifier for clothes: suit

有余 :有餘: you3 yu2 to have an abundance
忘 wang4 to forget,to overlook,to neglect
縮 suo1 to withdraw,to pull back,to contract,to shrink,to reduce,abbreviation(缩)
手 shou3 hand,(formal) to hold,person engaged in certain types of work,person
skilled in certain types of work,personal(ly),convenient
，
眼前無路想回頭．
眼前 yan3 qian2 now,present

路 lu4 road,path,way,surname Lu
回頭 hui2 tou2 to turn round,to turn one's head,later,by and by(回头)
．
雨村看了，
雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
danger)
:瞭: liao3 clear
，
因想到：
想到 xiang3 dao4 to think of,to call to mind,to anticipate
：
“這兩句話，
兩句 liang3 ju4 (Just let me say) a few words(两句)

said(话)
，
文雖淺近，
文 wen2 language,culture,writing,formal,literary,gentle,classifier for money

(archaic),surname Wen
淺近 qian3 jin4 simple(浅近)
，
其意則深．

則 ze2 conjunction used to express contrast with a previous sentence or
clause,standard,norm,rule,to imitate,to follow,then,principle,classifier for
written items (such as an official statement)(则)
．
我也曾游過些名山大剎，
我 wo3 I,me,my
clause)
名山 Ming2 shan1 famous mountain
dai4 doctor
剎 cha4 Buddhist monastery or temple,a brief moment(刹)
sha1 to brake (car)(刹)
，
倒不曾見過這話頭，

捣),profiteer
不曾 bu4 ceng2 never (have done sth)
見過 jian4 guo4 have seen(见过)
(这)
話頭 hua4 tou2 subject (under discussion),thread (of an argument)(话头)
，
其中想必有個翻過筋斗來的亦未可知，
其中 qi2 zhong1 among,in,included among these

想必 xiang3 bi4 presumably,probably,in all likelihood,surely
翻過 fan1 guo4 to turn over,to transform(翻过)
筋斗 jin1 dou3 to tumble,somersault,a complete turn-around,a 180 degrees turn,fig.
a change of mind
di4 aim,clear
亦 yi4 also
未可 wei4 ke3 cannot
，
何不進去試試。
何不 he2 bu4 why not?,why not do (sth)?

試 shi4 to test,to try,experiment,examination,test(试)
。
”想著走入，
” 想 xiang3 to think,to believe,to suppose,to wish,to want,to miss
ending(着)
走入 zou3 ru4 to walk into
，
只有一個龍鐘老僧在那里煮粥．

龍 long2 dragon,imperial,surname Long(龙)
鐘 zhong1 clock,o'clock,time as measured in hours and minutes,bell,surname
Zhong(钟)
老 lao3 prefix used before the surname of a person or a numeral indicating the
order of birth of the children in a family or to indicate affection or
familiarity,old (of people),venerable (person),experienced,of long
standing,always,all the time,of the past,very,outdated,(of meat etc) tough
僧 seng1 monk,Sangha, the Buddhist monastic order
action in progress)
那里 :那裡: na4 li5 there,that place
煮 zhu3 to cook,to boil
粥 zhou1 congee,gruel,porridge
．
雨村見了，
雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
xian4 appear(见)
:瞭: liao3 clear
，
便不在意．

不在意 bu4 zai4 yi4 pay no attention to,take no notice of,not
mind,negligent,careless
．
及至問他兩句話，
及 ji2 and,to reach,up to,in time for

他 ta1 he,him
兩句 liang3 ju4 (Just let me say) a few words(两句)
said(话)
，
那老僧既聾且昏，

僧 seng1 monk,Sangha, the Buddhist monastic order
既 ji4 already,since,both... (and...)
聾 long2 deaf(聋)
昏 hun1 muddle-headed,twilight,to faint,to lose consciousness
，
齒落舌鈍，
齒 chi3 tooth(齿)
落 la4 leave behind
luo4 alight,to fall,to drop (behind)
舌 she2 tongue
鈍 dun4 blunt,stupid(钝)
，
所答非所問．
所 suo3 actually,place,classifier for houses, small buildings, institutions

etc,that which,particle introducing a relative clause or passive
答非所問 da2 fei1 suo3 wen4 to answer beside the point,irrelevant answer(答非所问)
．
雨村不耐煩，便仍出來，意欲到那村肆中沽飲三杯，以助野趣，于是款步行來．將入肆門，只見座上吃酒之客有
一人起身大笑，接了出來，口內說：“奇遇，奇遇。”雨村忙看時，此人是都中在古董行中貿易的號冷子興者，舊
日在都相識．雨村最贊這冷子興是個有作為大本領的人，這子興又借雨村斯文之名，故二人說話投机，最相契
合．雨村忙笑問道：“老兄何日到此？弟竟不知．今日偶遇，真奇緣也。”子興道：“去年歲底到家，今因還要入
都，從此順路找個敝友說一句話，承他之情，留我多住兩日．我也無緊事，且盤桓兩日，待月半時也就起身了．
今日敝友有事，我因閒步至此，且歇歇腳，不期這樣巧遇！"一面說，一面讓雨村同席坐了，另整上酒肴來．二人
閒談漫飲，敘些別后之事．
雨村不耐煩，
雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
不耐煩 bu4 nai4 fan2 impatience,impatient(不耐烦)
，
便仍出來，

仍 reng2 still,yet,to remain
，
意欲到那村肆中沽飲三杯，

村 cun1 village
肆 si4 four (banker's anti-fraud numeral),market
沽 gu1 buy,sell,abbr. for Tianjin 天津 (also 津沽)
飲 yin3 to drink(饮)
三 san1 three,3
杯 bei1 cup,classifier for drinks: glass, cup
，
以助野趣，
以 Yi3
助 zhu4 to help,to assist
趣 qu4 interesting,to interest
，
于是款步行來．
于是 :於是: yu2 shi4 thereupon,as a result,consequently,thus,hence

款步 kuan3 bu4 to walk slowly,with deliberate steps
行 hang2 a row,series,age order (of brothers),profession,professional,relating to
company
xing2 to walk,to go,to travel,a visit,temporary,makeshift,current,in
circulation,to do,to perform,capable,competent,effective,all right,OK!,will do
xing4 behavior,conduct
．
將入肆門，

肆 si4 four (banker's anti-fraud numeral),market
，
只見座上吃酒之客有一人起身大笑，
:祇: zhi3 but,only
vessels etc
xian4 appear(见)
座 zuo4 seat,base,stand,(classifier for buildings, mountains, large solid things
etc)
吃 chi1 to eat,to have one's meal,to eradicate,to destroy,to absorb,to suffer,to
exhaust
ji2 stammer
酒 jiu3 wine (esp. rice wine),liquor,spirits,alcoholic beverage
客 ke4 customer,visitor,guest
dai4 doctor
，
接了出來，
接 jie1 to receive,to answer (the phone),to meet or welcome sb,to connect,to

catch,to join,to extend,to take one's turn on duty,take over for sb
:瞭: liao3 clear
，
口內說：
口 kou3 mouth,(classifier for things with mouths such as people, domestic animals,
cannons, wells etc)
內 nei4 inside,inner,internal,within,interior(内)
theory)(说)
：
“奇遇，
“ 奇遇 qi2 yu4 happy encounter,fortuitous meeting,adventure

，
奇遇。
奇遇 qi2 yu4 happy encounter,fortuitous meeting,adventure

。
”雨村忙看時，
” 雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
danger)
，
此人是都中在古董行中貿易的號冷子興者，
此 ci3 this,these
action in progress)
古董 gu3 dong3 curio,antique
行 hang2 a row,series,age order (of brothers),profession,professional,relating to
company
xing2 to walk,to go,to travel,a visit,temporary,makeshift,current,in
circulation,to do,to perform,capable,competent,effective,all right,OK!,will do
xing4 behavior,conduct
貿易 mao4 yi4 (commercial) trade(贸易)
di4 aim,clear
號 hao2 roar,cry(号)
hao4 day of a month,(suffix used after) name of a ship,(ordinal) number(号)
冷 leng3 cold
zi5 (noun suffix)
xing4 interest(兴)
，
舊日在都相識．
舊日 jiu4 ri4 former times,olden days(旧日)

action in progress)
相識 xiang1 shi2 acquaintance(相识)
．
雨村最贊這冷子興是個有作為大本領的人，
雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
最 zui4 most,the most,-est
贊 zan4 to patronize,to support,to praise(赞)
(这)
冷 leng3 cold
zi5 (noun suffix)
xing4 interest(兴)
作為 zuo4 wei2 one's conduct,deed,activity,accomplishment,achievement,to act as,as
(in the capacity of),qua,to view as,to look upon (sth as),to take sth to be(作为)
dai4 doctor
本領 ben3 ling3 skill,ability,capability(本领)
di4 aim,clear
，
這子興又借雨村斯文之名，

(这)
zi5 (noun suffix)
xing4 interest(兴)
借 jie4 to lend,to borrow,excuse,pretext,by means of,to seize (an opportunity),to
take (an opportunity)
雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
斯文 si1 wen2 refined,educate,cultured,intellectual,polite,gentle
for people
，
故二人說話投机，
說話 shuo1 hua4 to speak,to say,to talk,to gossip,to tell stories,talk,word(说话)
投机 :投機: tou2 ji1 to speculate (on financial
markets),opportunistic,congenial,agreeable
，
最相契合．
契合 qi4 he2 agreement,to agree,to get on with,congenial,agreeing with,to ally
oneself with sb
．
雨村忙笑問道：
雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
問道 wen4 dao4 to ask the way,to ask(问道)
：
“老兄何日到此？
“ 老兄 lao3 xiong1 'old chap' (form of address between male friends)

何日 he2 ri4 when?
到此 dao4 ci3 hereto,hereunto
？
弟竟不知．
弟 di4 younger brother,junior male,I (modest word in letter)

ti4 variant of 悌, to do one's duty as a younger brother
竟 jing4 unexpectedly,actually,to go so far as to,indeed
tiredness etc)
．
今日偶遇，
今日 jin1 ri4 today

偶遇 ou3 yu4 a chance encounter,to meet accidentally
，
真奇緣也。
真 zhen1 really,truly,indeed,real,true,genuine
緣 yuan2 cause,reason,karma,fate,predestined affinity,margin,hem,edge,along(缘)
。
”子興道：
” 子 zi3 son,child,seed,egg,small thing,1st earthly branch: 11 p.m.-1 a.m.,

midnight, 11th solar month (7th December to 5th January), year of the Rat
zi5 (noun suffix)
xing4 interest(兴)
：
“去年歲底到家，
“ 去年 qu4 nian2 last year

底 de5 (equivalent to 的 as possessive particle)
di3 background,bottom,base,the end of a period of time,towards the end of (last
month)
or -ian,surname Jia
，
今因還要入都，
還 hai2 still,still in progress,still more,yet,even more,in
addition,fairly,passably (good),as early as,even,also,else(还)
huan2 to pay back,to return,surname Huan(还)
，
從此順路找個敝友說一句話，
從此 cong2 ci3 from now on,since then,henceforth(从此)

順路 shun4 lu4 by the way,while out doing sth else,conveniently(顺路)
找 zhao3 to try to find,to look for,to call on sb,to find,to seek,to return,to give
change
敝 bi4 my (polite),poor,ruined,shabby,worn out,defeated
友 you3 friend
theory)(说)
一句話 yi1 ju4 hua4 in a word,in short(一句话)
，
承他之情，
承 cheng2 to bear,to carry,to hold,to continue,to undertake,to take charge,owing

to,due to,to receive
他 ta1 he,him
情 qing2 feeling,emotion,passion,situation
，
留我多住兩日．
留 liu2 leave (message),to retain,to stay,to remain,to keep,to preserve

我 wo3 I,me,my
．
我也無緊事，
我 wo3 I,me,my
緊 jin3 tight,strict,close at hand; near,urgent; tense,hard up; short of money,to
tighten(紧)
，
且盤桓兩日，
盤桓 pan2 huan2 to linger,to stay on indefinitely(盘桓)
，
待月半時也就起身了．
待 dai1 stay,delay
月 yue4 moon,month
半 ban4 half,semi-,incomplete,(after a number) and a half
就 jiu4 at once,right away,only,just (emphasis),as early as,already,as soon
as,then,in that case,as many as,even if,to approach,to move towards,to
undertake,to engage in,to suffer,subjected to,to accomplish,to take advantage
of,to go with (of foods),with regard to,concerning
:瞭: liao3 clear
．
今日敝友有事，
今日 jin1 ri4 today

敝 bi4 my (polite),poor,ruined,shabby,worn out,defeated
友 you3 friend
，
我因閒步至此，
我 wo3 I,me,my
步 bu4 a step,a pace,walk,march,stages in a process
至此 zhi4 ci3 up until now,so far
，
且歇歇腳，
歇 xie1 to rest
歇 xie1 to rest
腳 jiao3 foot,leg,base,kick(脚)
jue2 role(脚)
，
不期這樣巧遇！
不期 bu4 qi1 unexpectedly,to one's surprise

這樣 zhe4 yang4 this (kind of, sort of),this way,like this,such(这样)
巧 qiao3 opportunely,coincidentally,as it happens,skillful,timely
遇 yu4 meet with,how one is treated,an opportunity,surname Yu
！
"一面說，
" 一面 yi1 mian4 one side

theory)(说)
，
一面讓雨村同席坐了，
一面 yi1 mian4 one side

讓 rang4 to yield,to permit,to let sb do sth,to have sb do sth(让)
雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
同 tong2 like,same,similar,together,alike,with
席 xi2 banquet,woven mat,seat,place in a democratic assembly,surname Xi
坐 zuo4 to sit,to take a seat,to take (a bus, airplane etc),to bear fruit,surname
Zuo
:瞭: liao3 clear
，
另整上酒肴來．
另 ling4 other,another,separate,separately
整 zheng3 exactly,in good order,whole,complete,entire,in order,orderly,to repair,to
mend,to renovate,to make sb suffer,to punish,to fix,to give sb a hard time
酒肴 :酒殽: jiu3 yao2 wine and meat,food and drink
．
二人閒談漫飲，
閒談 xian2 tan2 chat(閒谈)
漫 man4 free,unrestrained,inundate
飲 yin3 to drink(饮)
，
敘些別后之事．
敘 xu4 to narrate,to chat,abbr. for Syria 敘利亞|叙利亚(叙)

pin(别)
．
雨村因問：“近日都中可有新聞沒有？"子興道：“倒沒有什么新聞，倒是老先生你貴同宗家，出了一件小小的异
事。”雨村笑道：“弟族中無人在都，何談及此？"子興笑道：“你們同姓，豈非同宗一族？"雨村問是誰家．子興
道：“榮國府賈府中，可也玷辱了先生的門楣么？"雨村笑道：“原來是他家．若論起來，寒族人丁卻不少，自東漢
賈复以來，支派繁盛，各省皆有，誰逐細考查得來？若論榮國一支，卻是同譜．但他那等榮耀，我們不便去攀
扯，至今故越發生疏難認了。”子興歎道：“老先生休如此說．如今的這宁榮兩門，也都蕭疏了，不比先時的光
景。”雨村道：“當日宁榮兩宅的人口也极多，如何就蕭疏了？"冷子興道：“正是，說來也話長。”雨村道：“去歲
我到金陵地界，因欲游覽六朝遺跡，那日進了石頭城，從他老宅門前經過．街東是宁國府，街西是榮國府，二宅
相連，竟將大半條街占了．大門前雖冷落無人，隔著圍牆一望，里面廳殿樓閣，也還都崢嶸軒峻，就是后一帶花
園子里面樹木山石，也還都有蓊蔚洇潤之气，那里象個衰敗之家？"冷子興笑道：“虧你是進士出身，原來不通！
古人有云：`百足之虫，死而不僵．'如今雖說不及先年那樣興盛，較之平常仕宦之家，到底气象不同．如今生齒
日繁，事務日盛，主仆上下，安富尊榮者盡多，運籌謀畫者無一，其日用排場費用，又不能將就省儉，如今外面
的架子雖未甚倒，內囊卻也盡上來了．這還是小事．更有一件大事：誰知這樣鐘鳴鼎食之家，翰墨詩書之族，如
今的儿孫，竟一代不如一代了！"雨村听說，也納罕道：“這樣詩禮之家，豈有不善教育之理？別門不知，只說這
宁，榮二宅，是最教子有方的。”
雨村因問：
雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
：
“近日都中可有新聞沒有？
“ 近日 jin4 ri4 in the past few days,recently,in the last few days
可 ke3 can,may,able to,to approve,to permit,certain(ly),to suit,very (particle used
for emphasis)
新聞 xin1 wen2 news(新闻)
沒有 mei2 you3 haven't,hasn't,doesn't exist,to not have,to not be(没有)
？
"子興道：
" 子 zi3 son,child,seed,egg,small thing,1st earthly branch: 11 p.m.-1 a.m.,

zi5 (noun suffix)
xing4 interest(兴)
：
“倒沒有什么新聞，
沒有 mei2 you3 haven't,hasn't,doesn't exist,to not have,to not be(没有)

什么 :什麼: shen2 me5 what,what?,who?,something,anything
:什麽: shen2 me5
新聞 xin1 wen2 news(新闻)
，
倒是老先生你貴同宗家，
倒是 dao4 shi5 contrary to what one might expect,actually,contrariwise

先生 xian1 sheng5 sir,mister,teacher,(title of respect)
你 ni3
貴 gui4 expensive,noble,your (name),precious(贵)
宗 zong1 school,sect,purpose,model,ancestor,family,surname Zong,classifier for
batches, items, cases (medical, legal, etc.)
or -ian,surname Jia
，
出了一件小小的异事。

:瞭: liao3 clear
件 jian4 item,component,classifier for events, things, clothes etc
di4 aim,clear
异事 :異事: yi4 shi4 sth else,a separate matter,not the same thing,with different
jobs (not colleagues),a remarkable thing,sth special,an odd thing,sth strange or
incomprehensible
。
”雨村笑道：
” 雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
：
“弟族中無人在都，
“ 弟 di4 younger brother,junior male,I (modest word in letter)

ti4 variant of 悌, to do one's duty as a younger brother
workers 上班族)
無人 wu2 ren2 unmanned,uninhabited(无人)
action in progress)
，
何談及此？
何 He2 surname He
談 tan2 to speak,to talk,to converse,to chat,to discuss,surname Tan(谈)
此 ci3 this,these
？
"子興笑道：

zi5 (noun suffix)
xing4 interest(兴)
：
“你們同姓，
“ 你們 ni3 men5 you (plural)(你们)

，
豈非同宗一族？
豈 qi3 how can it be that?,(rhetorical adverb)(岂)

非 fei1 non-,not-,un-,abbr. for Africa 非洲,wrong,evil-doing,insist on,simply must
宗 zong1 school,sect,purpose,model,ancestor,family,surname Zong,classifier for
batches, items, cases (medical, legal, etc.)
workers 上班族)
？
"雨村問是誰家．
" 雨 yu3 rain

村 cun1 village
or -ian,surname Jia
．
子興道：

zi5 (noun suffix)
xing4 interest(兴)
：
“榮國府賈府中，
“ 榮 rong2 glory,honor,nutritive energy (in Chinese medicine),blood,surname

Rong(荣)
to Qing times)
to Qing times)
，
可也玷辱了先生的門楣么？

for emphasis)
玷辱 dian4 ru3 to dishonor,to disgrace
:瞭: liao3 clear
di4 aim,clear
楣 mei2 lintel
么 :麼: me5 suffix, used to form interrogative 甚麼|什么, what?, indefinite 這麼|这么
thus etc
:麽: ma5 interrogative final particle
？
"雨村笑道：
" 雨 yu3 rain

村 cun1 village
：
“原來是他家．
“ 原來 yuan2 lai2 original,former,originally,formerly,at first,so... actually(原来)

他 ta1 he,him
or -ian,surname Jia
．
若論起來，
若 ruo4 to seem,like,as,if
論 lun2 the Analects (of Confucius)(论)
lun4 by the,per,discuss,theory,to talk (about),to discuss(论)
起來 qi3 lai5 beginning or continuing an action,upward movement,stand up(起来)
，
寒族人丁卻不少，

族人 zu2 ren2 clansman,clan members,relatives
丁 ding1 fourth of 10 heavenly stems 十天干,fourth in order,letter "D" or roman "IV"
in list "A, B, C", or "I, II, III" etc,butyl,surname Ding,cubes (of food)
though(却)
不少 bu4 shao3 not (just) a few
，
自東漢賈复以來，
東漢 Dong1 han4 Eastern or later Han dynasty, 25-220(东汉)
复 :復: fu4 to go and return,to return,to resume,to return to a normal or original
state,to repeat,again,to recover,to restore,to turn over,to reply,to answer,to
reply to a letter,to retaliate,to carry out
:複: fu4 to repeat,to double,to overlap,complex (not
simple),compound,composite,double,diplo-,duplicate,overlapping,to duplicate
以來 yi3 lai2 since (a previous event)(以来)
，
支派繁盛，

繁盛 fan2 sheng4 prosperous
，
各省皆有，
各 ge4 each,every
省 sheng3 to save,to economize,to do without,to omit,to leave out,province
xing3 introspection,to examine oneself critically,awareness,to visit (an elderly
relative)
，
誰逐細考查得來？

逐 zhu2 to pursue,to chase,individually,one by one
細 xi4 fine,minutely,thin,slender,abbr. for 细胞, cell(细)
考查 kao3 cha2 investigate,study
？
若論榮國一支，
論 lun2 the Analects (of Confucius)(论)
lun4 by the,per,discuss,theory,to talk (about),to discuss(论)
，
卻是同譜．

though(却)
譜 pu3 chart,list,score (music),spectrum (math. phys.)(谱)
．
但他那等榮耀，
但 dan4 but,yet,however,only,merely,still
他 ta1 he,him
等 deng3 class,rank,grade,equal to,same as,to wait for,to await,et cetera,and so
on,et al. (and other authors),after,as soon as,once
榮耀 rong2 yao4 honor,glory(荣耀)
，
我們不便去攀扯，
我們 wo3 men5 we,us,ourselves,our(我们)

不便 bu4 bian4 inconvenient,inappropriate,unsuitable,short of cash
攀扯 pan1 che3 to implicate
，
至今故越發生疏難認了。
至今 zhi4 jin1 until now

越發 yue4 fa1 increasingly,more and more,ever more,all the more(越发)
生疏 sheng1 shu1 unfamiliar,strange,out of practice,not accustomed
難 nan2 difficult (to...),problem,difficulty,difficult,not good(难)
nan4 disaster,distress,to scold(难)
認 ren4 to recognize,to know,to admit(认)
:瞭: liao3 clear
。
”子興歎道：

zi5 (noun suffix)
xing4 interest(兴)
：
“老先生休如此說．

休 xiu1 to rest
如此 ru2 ci3 in this way,so
theory)(说)
．
如今的這宁榮兩門，
如今 ru2 jin1 nowadays,now

di4 aim,clear
(这)
宁 :寧: ning2 peaceful,rather,Ningxia (abbr.),Nanjing (abbr.),surname Ning
:寧: ning4 rather,to prefer
，
也都蕭疏了，

蕭 xiao1 mournful,desolate,surname Xiao(萧)
疏 shu1 to dredge,to clear away obstruction,thin,sparse,scanty,distant
(relation),not close,to neglect,negligent,surname Shu,to present a memorial to the
Emperor,commentary,annotation
:瞭: liao3 clear
，
不比先時的光景。
不比 bu4 bi3 unlike

先 xian1 early,prior,former,in advance,first
di4 aim,clear
。
”雨村道：
” 雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
：
“當日宁榮兩宅的人口也极多，
“ 當日 dang1 ri4 that very day,the same day(当日)

宅 zhai2 residence
di4 aim,clear
人口 ren2 kou3 population
，
如何就蕭疏了？
如何 ru2 he2 how,what way,what

蕭 xiao1 mournful,desolate,surname Xiao(萧)
疏 shu1 to dredge,to clear away obstruction,thin,sparse,scanty,distant
(relation),not close,to neglect,negligent,surname Shu,to present a memorial to the
Emperor,commentary,annotation
:瞭: liao3 clear
？
"冷子興道：
" 冷 leng3 cold

zi5 (noun suffix)
xing4 interest(兴)
：
“正是，
“ 正是 zheng4 shi4 (emphasizes that sth is precisely or exactly as

，
說來也話長。

theory)(说)
said(话)
。
”雨村道：
” 雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
：
“去歲我到金陵地界，
“ 去 qu4 to go,to leave,to remove,fourth tone of putonghua

我 wo3 I,me,my
金陵 Jin1 ling2 pre-Han name for Nanjing,common place name
地 de5 -ly,structural particle: used before a verb or adjective, linking it to
preceding modifying adverbial adjunct
di4 earth,ground,field,place,land
界 jie4 boundary,scope,extent,circles,group,kingdom (taxonomy)
，
因欲游覽六朝遺跡，
覽 lan3 look over,to view(览)
六朝 liu4 chao2 the six southern dynasties (317-589), namely: Wu 吳|吴, Eastern Jin
東晉|东晋, Song 宋|宋, Qi 齊|齐, Liang 梁, Chen 陳|陈
遺跡 yi2 ji4 trace,vestige,historical remains,remnant(遗迹)
，
那日進了石頭城，

進 jin4 to advance,to enter,to come in(进)
:瞭: liao3 clear
石頭 shi2 tou5 stone(石头)
，
從他老宅門前經過．
他 ta1 he,him
宅 zhai2 residence
經過 jing1 guo4 to pass,to go through,process,course(经过)
．
街東是宁國府，
街 jie1 street
東 dong1 east,host (i.e. sitting on east side of guest),landlord,surname Dong(东)
to Qing times)
，
街西是榮國府，
街 jie1 street
西 xi1 west,the West,Spain (abbr.),Spanish
to Qing times)
，
二宅相連，

宅 zhai2 residence
相連 xiang1 lian2 to link,to join,link,connection(相连)
，
竟將大半條街占了．

大半 da4 ban4 more than half,greater part,most,probably,most likely
條 tiao2 strip,item,article,clause (of law or treaty),classifier for long thin
things (ribbon, river, road, trousers etc)(条)
街 jie1 street
占 zhan1 to observe,to divine
zhan4 to take possession of,to occupy,to constitute,to make up,to account for,佔
sometimes used as traditional character
:佔: zhan4 to take possession of,to occupy,to constitute,to make up,to account for,
占 sometimes used as traditional character
:瞭: liao3 clear
．
大門前雖冷落無人，
大門 da4 men2 entrance,door,gate(大门)

冷落 leng3 luo4 desolate,unfrequented,to treat sb coldly,to snub,to cold shoulder
無人 wu2 ren2 unmanned,uninhabited(无人)
，
隔著圍牆一望，
隔 ge2 to separate,to stand or lie between,to divide,to cut off

ending(着)
圍牆 wei2 qiang2 enclosure(围墙)
望 wang4 full moon,to hope,to expect,to visit,to gaze (into the distance),to look
towards,towards
，
里面廳殿樓閣，
里面 :裡面: li3 mian4 inside,interior

廳 ting1 (reception) hall,office(厅)
殿 dian4 palace hall
樓閣 lou2 ge2 building,pavilion(楼阁)
，
也還都崢嶸軒峻，

崢 zheng1 excel,lofty(峥)
嶸 rong2 lofty(嵘)
軒 xuan1 high,lofty,compact lodgings,especially with a view,a form of carriage,the
elevated front of a carriage or chariot,balcony,delighted,(surname)(轩)
峻 jun4 steep
，
就是后一帶花園子里面樹木山石，
就是 jiu4 shi4 (emphasizes that sth is precisely or exactly as

一帶 yi1 dai4 region,district(一带)
花園 hua1 yuan2 garden(花园)
zi5 (noun suffix)
樹木 shu4 mu4 trees(树木)
山 shan1 mountain,hill
石 dan4 dry measure for grain equal to ten dou 斗,ten pecks,one hundred liters
shi2 rock,stone,surname Shi
，
也還都有蓊蔚洇潤之气，

蓊 weng3 a plant in bloom,thick
蔚 Yu4 surname Yu,place name
wei4 Artemisia japonica,luxuriant
洇 yan1
yin1 to soak,to blotch,to splotch
潤 run4 smooth,moist(润)
气 :氣: qi4 gas,air,smell,weather,vital breath,to anger,to get angry,to be enraged
，
那里象個衰敗之家？

象 xiang4 elephant,shape,form,appearance,of that shape,comparable to,such
as...,image under a map (math.)
衰敗 shuai1 bai4 decay(衰败)
or -ian,surname Jia
？
"冷子興笑道：
" 冷 leng3 cold

zi5 (noun suffix)
xing4 interest(兴)
：
“虧你是進士出身，
“ 虧 kui1 deficiency,deficit,luckily(亏)
你 ni3
進士 jin4 shi4 successful candidate in the highest imperial civil service
examination,palace graduate(进士)
，
原來不通！

不通 bu4 tong1 be obstructed,be blocked up,be impassable,not make sense,be
illogical,be ungrammatical
！
古人有云：
古人 gu3 ren2 people from ancient times,the ancients,the late (i.e. person who has
passed away)
:雲: yun2 cloud
：
`百足之虫，
` 百 bai3 hundred,numerous,all kinds of,surname Bai

足 zu2 foot,to be sufficient
虫 :蟲: chong2 an animal,an invertebrate,a worm,an insect
，
死而不僵．
僵 jiang1 rigid,deadlock,stiff (corpse)
:殭: jiang1 variant of 僵,rigid,stiff (corpse)
．
'如今雖說不及先年那樣興盛，
' 如今 ru2 jin1 nowadays,now

雖說 sui1 shuo1 though,although(虽说)
不及 bu4 ji2 not as good as,inferior to,find it too late
年 nian2 year
那樣 na4 yang4 that kind,that sort(那样)
興盛 xing1 sheng4 flourish,thrive(兴盛)
，
較之平常仕宦之家，
較 jiao4 comparatively,(preposition comparing difference in degree),to contrast,to

compare,rather,fairly,clearly (different),markedly,to haggle over,to quibble(较)
平常 ping2 chang2 ordinary,common,usually,ordinarily
仕 shi4 an official
宦 huan4 an official
or -ian,surname Jia
，
到底气象不同．
到底 dao4 di3 finally,in the end,when all is said and done

气象 :氣象: qi4 xiang4 meteorology,atmosphere
不同 bu4 tong2 different,distinct,not the same,not alike
．
如今生齒日繁，

齒 chi3 tooth(齿)
繁 fan2 complicated,many,in great numbers
，
事務日盛，
事務 shi4 wu4 (political, economic etc) affairs,work(事务)

日盛 ri4 sheng4 more flourishing by the day
，
主仆上下，
主仆 :主僕: zhu3 pu2 master and servant

上下 shang4 xia4 up and down,top and bottom,old and new,length,about
，
安富尊榮者盡多，
安 an1 content,calm,still,quiet,safe,secure,in good health,to find a place for,to
install,to fix,to fit,to bring (a charge against sb),to
pacify,security,safety,peace,ampere,surname An
富 fu4 rich,surname Fu
尊榮 zun1 rong2 honor and glory(尊荣)
，
運籌謀畫者無一，
運籌 yun4 chou2 to plan,operations,logistics(运筹)

謀 mou2 to plan,seek,scheme(谋)
畫 hua4 to draw,picture,painting(画)
，
其日用排場費用，

日用 ri4 yong4 daily expenses,of everyday use
排場 pai2 chang5 ostentation,a show of extravagance,grand style,red tape(排场)
費用 fei4 yong4 cost,expenditure,expense(费用)
，
又不能將就省儉，

不能 bu4 neng2 cannot,must not,should not
將就 jiang1 jiu5 accept (a bit reluctantly),put up with(将就)
省儉 sheng3 jian3 frugal,economic,to scrimp and save(省俭)
，
如今外面的架子雖未甚倒，

外面 wai4 mian5 outside
di4 aim,clear
架子 jia4 zi5 shelf,frame,stand,skeleton
未 wei4 not yet,did not,have not,not,8th earthly branch: 1-3 p.m., 6th solar month
(7th July-6th August), year of the Sheep
甚 shen2 what(什)
捣),profiteer
，
內囊卻也盡上來了．
囊 nang2 sack,purse,pocket (for money)
though(却)
上來 shang4 lai2 to come up,to approach,(verb complement indicating success)(上来)
:瞭: liao3 clear
．
這還是小事．

(这)
還是 hai2 shi4 or,still,nevertheless(还是)
小事 xiao3 shi4 trifle,trivial matter
．
更有一件大事：
更 geng1 to change
件 jian4 item,component,classifier for events, things, clothes etc
大事 da4 shi4 major event,major political event (war or change of regime),major
social event (wedding or funeral),(do sth) in a big way
：
誰知這樣鐘鳴鼎食之家，

知)
鐘鳴鼎食 zhong1 ming2 ding3 shi2 extravagant lifestyle(钟鸣鼎食)
or -ian,surname Jia
，
翰墨詩書之族，
翰 han4 pen
墨 mo4 ink stick,China ink,corporal punishment consisting of carving and inking
characters on the victim's forehead,abbr. for 墨西哥 Mexico
詩書 shi1 shu1 the Book of Songs 詩經|诗经 and the Book of History 書經|书经,books or
literature in general(诗书)
workers 上班族)
，
如今的儿孫，

di4 aim,clear
儿 :兒: er2 son
孫 sun1 grandson,descendant,surname Sun(孙)
，
竟一代不如一代了！

不如 bu4 ru2 not equal to,not as good as,inferior to,it would be better to
:瞭: liao3 clear
！
"雨村听說，
" 雨 yu3 rain

村 cun1 village
theory)(说)
，
也納罕道：

納罕 na4 han3 bewildered,amazed(纳罕)
：
“這樣詩禮之家，
“ 這樣 zhe4 yang4 this (kind of, sort of),this way,like this,such(这样)

詩禮 shi1 li3 the Book of Songs 書經|书经 and Classic of Rites 禮記|礼记,a cultured
well-read person(诗礼)
or -ian,surname Jia
，
豈有不善教育之理？
豈 qi3 how can it be that?,(rhetorical adverb)(岂)

不善 bu4 shan4 bad,ill,not good at,not to be pooh-poohed,quite impressive
教育 jiao4 yu4 to educate,to teach,education
理 li3 texture,grain (of wood),inner essence,intrinsic
order,reason,logic,truth,science,natural science (esp. physics),to manage,to pay
attention to,to run (affairs),to handle,to put in order,to tidy up
？
別門不知，

pin(别)
tiredness etc)
，
只說這宁，
:祇: zhi3 but,only
vessels etc
theory)(说)
(这)
，
榮二宅，

宅 zhai2 residence
，
是最教子有方的。
教子 jiao4 zi3 to teach one's children,godchild (in Christianity)
有方 you3 fang1 to do things right,to use the correct method
di4 aim,clear
。
”
子興歎道：“正說的是這兩門呢．待我告訴你：當日宁國公与榮國公是一母同胞弟兄兩個．宁公居長，生了四個儿
子．宁公死后，賈代化襲了官，也養了兩個儿子：長名賈敷，至八九歲上便死了，只剩了次子賈敬襲了官，如今
一味好道，只愛燒丹煉汞，余者一概不在心上．幸而早年留下一子，名喚賈珍，因他父親一心想作神仙，把官倒
讓他襲了．他父親又不肯回原籍來，只在都中城外和道士們胡羼．這位珍爺倒生了一個儿子，今年才十六歲，名
叫賈蓉．如今敬老爹一概不管．這珍爺那里肯讀書，只一味高樂不了，把宁國府竟翻了過來，也沒有人敢來管
他．再說榮府你听，方才所說异事，就出在這里．自榮公死后，長子賈代善襲了官，娶的也是金陵世勳史侯家的
小姐為妻，生了兩個儿子：長子賈赦，次子賈政．如今代善早已去世，太夫人尚在，長子賈赦襲著官，次子賈
政，自幼酷喜捕潦*，祖父最疼，原欲以科甲出身的，不料代善臨終時遺本一上，皇上因恤先臣，即時令長子襲官
外，問還有几子，立刻引見，遂額外賜了這政老爹一個主事之銜，令其入部習學，如今現已升了員外郎了．這政
老爹的夫人王氏，頭胎生的公子，名喚賈珠，十四歲進學，不到二十歲就娶了妻生了子，一病死了．第二胎生了
一位小姐，生在大年初一，這就奇了，不想后來又生一位公子，說來更奇，一落胎胞，嘴里便銜下一塊五彩晶瑩
的玉來，上面還有許多字跡，就取名叫作寶玉．你道是新奇异事不是？”
子興歎道：

zi5 (noun suffix)
xing4 interest(兴)
：
“正說的是這兩門呢．
“ 正 zheng1 Chinese 1st month of year

zero,principle
theory)(说)
di4 aim,clear
(这)
呢 ne5 (question particle for subjects already mentioned)
ni2 woolen material
．
待我告訴你：
待 dai1 stay,delay
我 wo3 I,me,my
告訴 gao4 su5 to tell,to inform,to let know(告诉)
你 ni3
：
當日宁國公与榮國公是一母同胞弟兄兩個．
當日 dang1 ri4 that very day,the same day(当日)
吗 or 呢)
同胞 tong2 bao1 born of the same parents,fellow citizen or countryman
弟兄 di4 xiong1 brother
．
宁公居長，

居 ju1 reside
，
生了四個儿子．

:瞭: liao3 clear
四 si4 four,4
儿子 :兒子: er2 zi5 son
．
宁公死后，

死后 :死後: si3 hou4 after death,posthumous
，
賈代化襲了官，

化 hua1 variant of 花
hua4 to make into,to change into,-ization,to ... -ize,to transform,abbr. for
chemistry 化学
:瞭: liao3 clear
官 guan1 official,government,organ of body
，
也養了兩個儿子：

養 yang3 to raise (animals),to bring up (children),to keep (pets),to support,to
give birth(养)
:瞭: liao3 clear
：
長名賈敷，
for people
敷 fu1 to spread,to lay out,to apply (powder, ointment etc),sufficient (to
cover),enough
，
至八九歲上便死了，
八 ba1 eight,8
九 jiu3 nine,9
:瞭: liao3 clear
，
只剩了次子賈敬襲了官，
:祇: zhi3 but,only
vessels etc
剩 sheng4 have as remainder
:瞭: liao3 clear
次子 ci4 zi3 second son
敬 jing4 to respect,to venerate,to salute,to offer
:瞭: liao3 clear
，
如今一味好道，

一味 yi1 wei4 blindly,invariably
好道 hao3 dao4 don't tell me ...,could it be that...?
，
只愛燒丹煉汞，
:祇: zhi3 but,only
vessels etc
燒 shao1 to burn,to cook,to stew,to bake,to roast,fever(烧)
丹 dan1 red,pellet,powder,cinnabar
煉 lian4 refine,smelt(炼)
汞 gong3 mercury Hg, transition metal, atomic number 80
，
余者一概不在心上．
余者 :餘者: yu2 zhe3 the remaining people

一概 yi1 gai4 all,without any exceptions,categorically
不在 bu4 zai4 not be in,be out
心 xin1 heart,mind
．
幸而早年留下一子，
幸而 xing4 er2 by good fortune,luckily
早年 zao3 nian2 early years,adolescence
留下 liu2 xia4 to leave behind,to stay behind,to remain
zi5 (noun suffix)
，
名喚賈珍，

for people
喚 huan4 to call(唤)
珍 zhen1 precious thing,treasure
，
因他父親一心想作神仙，
他 ta1 he,him
父親 fu4 qin1 father(父亲)
一心 yi1 xin1 wholeheartedly,heart and soul
神仙 shen2 xian1 a Daoist immortal,a supernatural entity,(in modern fiction) fairy,
elf, leprechaun etc,fig. lighthearted person,(used in advertising: Live like an
immortal 活神仙似)
，
把官倒讓他襲了．
ba4 handle
官倒 guan1 dao3 speculation by officials,profiteering by government
employees,bureaucratic turpitude
他 ta1 he,him
:瞭: liao3 clear
．
他父親又不肯回原籍來，
他 ta1 he,him
父親 fu4 qin1 father(父亲)
不肯 bu4 ken3 not willing
原籍 yuan2 ji2 ancestral home (town),birthplace
，
只在都中城外和道士們胡羼．
:祇: zhi3 but,only
vessels etc
action in progress)
城外 cheng2 wai4 outside of a city
huo2 soft,warm
道士 dao4 shi4 a Daoist priest
們 men5 plural marker for pronouns and a small number of animate nouns(们)
胡 hu2 what?, why?, how?,surname Hu,non-Han people, esp. from central Asia, also
called Persians or Barbarians,reckless,outrageous
:鬍: hu2 beard,mustache,whiskers
羼 chan4 to mix,to blend,to dilute,to adulterate
．
這位珍爺倒生了一個儿子，
這位 zhe4 wei4 this (person)(这位)

捣),profiteer
:瞭: liao3 clear
，
今年才十六歲，
今年 jin1 nian2 this year

十六 shi2 liu4 sixteen,16
，
名叫賈蓉．
名叫 ming2 jiao4 called,named
蓉 rong2
．
如今敬老爹一概不管．

敬老 jing4 lao3 respect for the aged
爹 die1 dad
不管 bu4 guan3 no matter (what, how),regardless of,no matter
．
這珍爺那里肯讀書，

(这)
肯 ken3 to agree,to consent,to be ready (to do sth),willing
，
只一味高樂不了，
:祇: zhi3 but,only
vessels etc
一味 yi1 wei4 blindly,invariably
高 gao1 high,tall,fig. above average,height,(honorific) your,surname Gao
樂 le4 happy,laugh,cheerful,surname Le(乐)
yue4 surname Yue,music(乐)
不了 bu4 liao3 unable to,without end
，
把宁國府竟翻了過來，
ba4 handle
to Qing times)
翻 fan1 to turn over,to flip over,to overturn,to translate,to decode
:瞭: liao3 clear
過來 guo4 lai2 to come over,to manage,to handle,to be able to take care of,also pr.
guo4lai5(过来)
，
也沒有人敢來管他．

沒有人 mei2 you3 ren2 nobody(没有人)
敢 gan3 dare
管 guan3 to take care (of),to control,to manage,to be in charge of,to look after,to
run,tube,pipe,surname Guan
他 ta1 he,him
．
再說榮府你听，
再說 zai4 shuo1 let's talk about it later,what's more,besides(再说)

to Qing times)
你 ni3
，
方才所說异事，

theory)(说)
incomprehensible
，
就出在這里．

action in progress)
(这)
里 Li3 Li (surname)
li3 li (Chinese mile),500 meters
(modern),home,hometown,village,neighborhood,administrative unit
:裏: li3 lining,interior,inside,internal
:裡: li3 lining,interior,inside,internal
．
自榮公死后，
死后 :死後: si3 hou4 after death,posthumous
，
長子賈代善襲了官，
長子 Zhang3 zi3 (N) Zhangzi (place in Shanxi)(长子)

zhang3 zi3 eldest son(长子)
善 qiang1 to kill,to injure
shan4 good (virtuous),benevolent,well-disposed,good at sth,to improve or perfect
:瞭: liao3 clear
，
娶的也是金陵世勳史侯家的小姐為妻，
娶 qu3 take a wife,to marry (a woman)

di4 aim,clear
世 shi4 life,age,generation,era,world,lifetime
勳 xun1 medal,merit(勋)
史 shi3 history,surname Shi
侯 hou2
or -ian,surname Jia
di4 aim,clear
小姐 xiao3 jie5 young lady,miss
妻 qi1 wife
，
生了兩個儿子：

:瞭: liao3 clear
：
長子賈赦，

赦 she4 to pardon (a convict)
，
次子賈政．

．
如今代善早已去世，

早已 zao3 yi3 long ago,for a long time
去世 qu4 shi4 to pass away,to die
，
太夫人尚在，
太 tai4 highest,greatest,too (much),very,extremely

尚 shang4 still,yet,to value,to esteem,surname Shang
action in progress)
，
長子賈赦襲著官，

ending(着)
，
次子賈政，

，
自幼酷喜捕潦*，
自幼 zi4 you4 from or since childhood

酷 ku4 ruthless,strong (as of wine),cool (loanword)
捕 bu3 to catch,to seize,to capture
潦 lao3 flooded,heavy rain
祖父最疼，
祖父 zu3 fu4 father's father,paternal grandfather

疼 teng2 (it) hurts,love fondly,ache,pain,sore
，
原欲以科甲出身的，
原 yuan2 former,original,primary,raw,level,cause,source
以 Yi3
科 ke1 branch of study,administrative section,division,field,branch,stage
directions,family (taxonomy),rules,laws,to mete out (punishment),to levy (taxes
etc),to fine sb
甲 jia3 armor,first of 10 heavenly stems 十天干,first in order,letter "A" or roman
"I" in list "A, B, C", or "I, II, III" etc,first party (in legal contract, usually
written 甲方, as opposed to second party 乙方),methyl
di4 aim,clear
，
不料代善臨終時遺本一上，
不料 bu4 liao4 unexpectedly,to one's surprise

臨終 lin2 zhong1 approaching one's end,with one foot in the grave(临终)
遺 yi2 to lose,to leave behind(遗)
，
皇上因恤先臣，
皇上 huang2 shang5 the emperor,Your majesty the emperor,His imperial majesty

恤 xu4 anxiety,sympathy,to sympathize,to give relief,to compensate
:卹: xu4 anxiety,sympathy,to sympathize,to give relief,to compensate
臣 chen2 statesman,vassal,courtier,minister,official
，
即時令長子襲官外，
即時 ji2 shi2 immediate(即时)

，
問還有几子，
還有 hai2 you3 furthermore,in addition,still,also(还有)
几 ji1 small table
:幾: ji1 almost
zi5 (noun suffix)
，
立刻引見，
立刻 li4 ke4 forthwith,immediate,prompt,promptly,straightway,thereupon,at once

引 yin3 to draw (a bow),to pull,to stretch sth,to extend,to lengthen,to involve
in,to attract,to lead,to guide,to divert (water)
xian4 appear(见)
，
遂額外賜了這政老爹一個主事之銜，

額外 e2 wai4 extra,added,additional(额外)
賜 ci4 confer,bestow,grant(赐)
:瞭: liao3 clear
(这)
爹 die1 dad
主 zhu3 to own,to host,master,lord,primary
銜 xian2 hold in mouth,nominal office(衔)
，
令其入部習學，

部 bu4 ministry,department,section,part,division,troops,board,(classifier for works
of literature, films, machines etc)
習 xi2 to practice,to study,habit(习)
學 xue2 learn,study,science,-ology(学)
，
如今現已升了員外郎了．

現 xian4 appear,present,now,existing,current(现)
:瞭: liao3 clear
員外 yuan2 wai4 landlord (old usage)(员外)
郎 lang2 (arch.) minister,official,noun prefix denoting function or status,a
youth,surname Lang
:瞭: liao3 clear
．
這政老爹的夫人王氏，

(这)
爹 die1 dad
di4 aim,clear
王 Wang2 king,surname Wang
，
頭胎生的公子，
頭 tou2 head,hair style,the top,end,beginning or end,a

stub,remnant,chief,boss,side,aspect,first,leading,classifier for pigs or
livestock(头)
tou5 suff. for nouns(头)
胎 tai1 fetus,litter,tire (of a wheel); abbr. of 輪胎|轮胎
di4 aim,clear
公子 gong1 zi3 son of an official,son of nobility,your son (honorific)
，
名喚賈珠，

for people
珠 zhu1 bead,pearl
，
十四歲進學，
十四 shi2 si4 fourteen,14

進 jin4 to advance,to enter,to come in(进)
，
不到二十歲就娶了妻生了子，
不到 bu4 dao4 not to arrive,not reaching,insufficient,less than

二十 er4 shi2 twenty,20
:瞭: liao3 clear
妻 qi1 wife
:瞭: liao3 clear
zi5 (noun suffix)
，
一病死了．

病死 bing4 si3 to fall ill and die,to die of illness
:瞭: liao3 clear
．
第二胎生了一位小姐，
第二 di4 er4 second,number two,next

:瞭: liao3 clear
位 wei4 position,location,classifier for people,place,seat,classifier for binary
bits (e.g. 十六位 16-bit or 2 bytes)
，
生在大年初一，

action in progress)
dai4 doctor
年初 nian2 chu1 beginning of the year
，
這就奇了，

(这)
:瞭: liao3 clear
，
不想后來又生一位公子，

位 wei4 position,location,classifier for people,place,seat,classifier for binary
bits (e.g. 十六位 16-bit or 2 bytes)
公子 gong1 zi3 son of an official,son of nobility,your son (honorific)
，
說來更奇，

theory)(说)
更 geng1 to change
，
一落胎胞，

落 la4 leave behind
luo4 alight,to fall,to drop (behind)
胞 bao1 placenta,womb,born of the same parents
，
嘴里便銜下一塊五彩晶瑩的玉來，
嘴里 :嘴裡: zui3 li3 mouth,in the mouth,on one's lips,speech,words

decline,to go down
一塊 yi1 kuai4 one block,one piece,one (unit of money),together,in the same
place,in company(一块)
五 wu3 five,5
彩 cai3 (bright) color,variety,applause,applaud,(lottery) prize
晶瑩 jing1 ying2 sparkling and translucent(晶莹)
di4 aim,clear
玉 yu4 jade
，
上面還有許多字跡，
上面 shang4 mian5 on top of,above-mentioned

還有 hai2 you3 furthermore,in addition,still,also(还有)
許多 xu3 duo1 many,a lot of,much(许多)
字跡 zi4 ji4 handwriting(字迹)
，
就取名叫作寶玉．

取名 qu3 ming2 to name,to be named,christen,seek fame
叫作 jiao4 zuo4 to call,to be called
寶玉 bao3 yu4 precious jade,treasures(宝玉)
．
你道是新奇异事不是？
你 ni3
新奇 xin1 qi2 novelty,new and odd
incomprehensible
不是 bu4 shi4 no,is not,not
bu4 shi5 fault,blame
？
”
雨村笑道：“果然奇异．只怕這人來歷不小。”子興冷笑道：“万人皆如此說，因而乃祖母便先愛如珍寶．那年周歲
時，政老爹便要試他將來的志向，便將那世上所有之物擺了無數，与他抓取．誰知他一概不取，伸手只把些脂粉
釵環抓來．政老爹便大怒了，說：“`將來酒色之徒耳！'因此便大不喜悅．獨那史老太君還是命根一樣．說來又
奇，如今長了七八歲，雖然淘气异常，但其聰明乖覺處，百個不及他一個．說起孩子話來也奇怪，他說：`女儿是
水作的骨肉，男人是泥作的骨肉．我見了女儿，我便清爽，見了男子，便覺濁臭逼人．'你道好笑不好笑？將來色
鬼無疑了！"雨村罕然厲色忙止道：“非也！可惜你們不知道這人來歷．大約政老前輩也錯以淫魔色鬼看待了．若
非多讀書識事，加以致知格物之功，悟道參玄之力，不能知也。”
雨村笑道：
雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
：
“果然奇异．
“ 果然 guo3 ran2 really,sure enough,as expected

奇异 :奇異: qi2 yi4 fantastic,bizarre,odd,astonished
．
只怕這人來歷不小。
:祇: zhi3 but,only
vessels etc
怕 pa4 to be afraid,to fear
(这)
來歷 lai2 li4 history,antecedents,origin(来历)
。
”子興冷笑道：

zi5 (noun suffix)
xing4 interest(兴)
冷笑 leng3 xiao4 to sneer,to laugh grimly,grin of dissatisfaction (bitterness,
helplessness, indignation etc),bitter, grim, sarcastic or angry smile
：
“万人皆如此說，
“ 万人 :萬人: wan4 ren2 ten thousand people,all the people,everyman

如此 ru2 ci3 in this way,so
theory)(说)
，
因而乃祖母便先愛如珍寶．
因而 yin1 er2 therefore,as a result,thus,and as a result, ...

祖母 zu3 mu3 father's mother,paternal grandmother
珍寶 zhen1 bao3 a treasure(珍宝)
．
那年周歲時，

年 nian2 year
周歲 zhou1 sui4 one full year (e.g. on child's first birthday)(周岁)
，
政老爹便要試他將來的志向，
爹 die1 dad
他 ta1 he,him
將來 jiang1 lai2 in the future,future,the future(将来)
di4 aim,clear
志向 zhi4 xiang4 ambition,goal,ideal,aspiration
，
便將那世上所有之物擺了無數，

那世 na4 shi4 the world of the dead
所有 suo3 you3 all,to have,to possess,to own
物 wu4 thing,object,matter,abbr. for physics 物理
擺 bai3 to arrange,to exhibit,to move to and fro,a pendulum(摆)
:瞭: liao3 clear
無數 wu2 shu4 countless,numberless,innumerable(无数)
，
与他抓取．
吗 or 呢)
他 ta1 he,him
抓取 zhua1 qu3 to seize
．
誰知他一概不取，

知)
他 ta1 he,him
取 qu3 to take,to get,to choose,to fetch
，
伸手只把些脂粉釵環抓來．
伸手 shen1 shou3 to hold out a hand,to ask for sth

:祇: zhi3 but,only
vessels etc
ba4 handle
脂粉 zhi1 fen3 cosmetics
釵 chai1 hairpin(钗)
環 huan2 bracelet,ring (not for finger),to surround,to loop,loop(环)
抓 zhua1 to grab,to catch,to arrest,to snatch
．
政老爹便大怒了，
爹 die1 dad
大怒 da4 nu4 angry,indignant
:瞭: liao3 clear
，
說：

theory)(说)
：
“`將來酒色之徒耳！

酒色之徒 jiu3 se4 zhi1 tu2 follower of wine and women,dissolute person
耳 er3 ear,handle (archaeology),and that is all (classical Chinese)
！
'因此便大不喜悅．
' 因此 yin1 ci3 thus,consequently,as a result

dai4 doctor
喜悅 xi3 yue4 happy,joyous(喜悦)
．
獨那史老太君還是命根一樣．
獨 du2 alone,independent,single,sole,only(独)
老太 lao3 tai4 old lady
君 jun1 monarch,lord,gentleman,ruler
還是 hai2 shi4 or,still,nevertheless(还是)
根 gen1 radical (chem.),root,basis,classifier for long slender objects, e.g.
cigarettes, guitar strings
一樣 yi1 yang4 same,like,equal to,the same as,just like(一样)
．
說來又奇，

theory)(说)
，
如今長了七八歲，

:瞭: liao3 clear
七 qi1 seven,7
八 ba1 eight,8
，
雖然淘气异常，
雖然 sui1 ran2 although,even though,even if(虽然)

淘气 :淘氣: tao2 qi4 naughty,bad
异常 :異常: yi4 chang2 exceptional,abnormal,an anomaly
，
但其聰明乖覺處，
聰明 cong1 ming5 acute (of sight and hearing),clever,intelligent,bright,smart(聪明)
乖覺 guai1 jue2 perceptive,alert,clever,shrewd(乖觉)
，
百個不及他一個．
百 bai3 hundred,numerous,all kinds of,surname Bai

他 ta1 he,him
．
說起孩子話來也奇怪，

theory)(说)
起 qi3 to rise,to raise,to get up,to set out,to start,to appear,to launch,to
initiate (action),to draft,to establish,to get (from a depot or counter),verb
suffix, to start,(before place or time) starting from,classifier for occurrences
or unpredictable events: case, instance,classifier for groups: batch, group
孩子 hai2 zi5 child
said(话)
奇怪 qi2 guai4 strange,odd
，
他說：
他 ta1 he,him
theory)(说)
：
`女儿是水作的骨肉，
` 女儿 :女兒: nu:3 er2 daughter

水 shui3 water,river,liquid,beverage,molten (metal),surname Shui
di4 aim,clear
骨肉 gu3 rou4 blood relation,kin,one's flesh and blood
，
男人是泥作的骨肉．
男人 nan2 ren2 a man,a male,men

泥 ni2 mud,clay,paste,pulp
ni4 restrained
di4 aim,clear
骨肉 gu3 rou4 blood relation,kin,one's flesh and blood
．
我見了女儿，
我 wo3 I,me,my
xian4 appear(见)
:瞭: liao3 clear
，
我便清爽，
我 wo3 I,me,my
清爽 qing1 shuang3 fresh and cool
，
見了男子，

xian4 appear(见)
:瞭: liao3 clear
男子 nan2 zi3 a man,a male
，
便覺濁臭逼人．

覺 jiao4 a nap,a sleep(觉)
jue2 feel,find that,thinking,awake,aware(觉)
濁 zhuo2 turbid,muddy,impure(浊)
臭 chou4 stench,stink,smelly,to smell (bad)
xiu4 sense of smell,smell bad
逼人 bi1 ren2 pressing,threatening
．
'你道好笑不好笑？
' 你 ni3
好笑 hao3 xiao4 laughable,funny,ridiculous
不好 bu4 hao3 no good
？
將來色鬼無疑了！

色鬼 se4 gui3 sex maniac
無疑 wu2 yi2 no doubt,undoubtedly(无疑)
:瞭: liao3 clear
！
"雨村罕然厲色忙止道：
" 雨 yu3 rain

村 cun1 village
罕 han3 rare
然 ran2 correct,right,so,thus,like this,-ly
厲 li4 severe,surname Li(厉)
色 se4 color,look,appearance,sex
shai3 color,dice
止 zhi3 to stop,to prohibit,until
：
“非也！
“ 非 fei1 non-,not-,un-,abbr. for Africa 非洲,wrong,evil-doing,insist on,simply

must
！
可惜你們不知道這人來歷．

你們 ni3 men5 you (plural)(你们)
不知道 bu4 zhi1 dao4 to not know
(这)
來歷 lai2 li4 history,antecedents,origin(来历)
．
大約政老前輩也錯以淫魔色鬼看待了．
大約 da4 yue1 approximately,about(大约)

前輩 qian2 bei4 senior,older generation,precursor(前辈)
以 Yi3
淫 yin2 excess,excessive,wanton,lewd,lascivious,obscene,depraved
魔 mo2 devil
色鬼 se4 gui3 sex maniac
看待 kan4 dai4 look upon,regard
:瞭: liao3 clear
．
若非多讀書識事，
識 shi2 to know,knowledge,Taiwan pr. shi4(识)
zhi4 to record,write a footnote(识)
，
加以致知格物之功，
加以 jia1 yi3 in addition,moreover,(before polysyllabic verb) to handle it,to deal

with (the subject just mentioned)
致 zhi4 to send,to devote,to deliver,to cause,to convey
:緻: zhi4 fine and close
格物 ge2 wu4
功 gong1 merit,achievement,result,service,accomplishment,work (phys.)
，
悟道參玄之力，
悟 wu4 comprehend
參 can1 take part in,participate,join,attend,to join,unequal,varied,irregular,to
counsel,uneven,not uniform,abbr. for 參議院|参议院 Senate, Upper House(参)
shen1 ginseng(参)
玄 xuan2 black,mysterious
，
不能知也。

。
”
子興見他說得這樣重大，忙請教其端．雨村道：“天地生人，除大仁大惡兩种，余者皆無大异．若大仁者，則應運
而生，大惡者，則應劫而生．運生世治，劫生世危．堯，舜，禹，湯，文，武，周，召，孔，孟，董，韓，周，
程，張，朱，皆應運而生者．蚩尤，共工，桀，紂，始皇，王莽，曹操，桓溫，安祿山，秦檜等，皆應劫而生
者．大仁者，修治天下，大惡者，撓亂天下．清明靈秀，天地之正气，仁者之所秉也，殘忍乖僻，天地之邪气，
惡者之所秉也．今當運隆祚永之朝，太平無為之世，清明靈秀之气所秉者，上至朝廷，下及草野，比比皆是．所
余之秀气，漫無所歸，遂為甘露，為和風，洽然溉及四海．彼殘忍乖僻之邪气，不能蕩溢于光天化日之中，遂凝
結充塞于深溝大壑之內，偶因風蕩，或被云催，略有搖動感發之意，一絲半縷誤而泄出者，偶值靈秀之气适過，
正不容邪，邪复妒正，兩不相下，亦如風水雷電，地中既遇，既不能消，又不能讓，必至搏擊掀發后始盡．故其
气亦必賦人，發泄一盡始散．使男女偶秉此气而生者，在上則不能成仁人君子，下亦不能為大凶大惡．置之于万
万人中，其聰俊靈秀之气，則在万万人之上，其乖僻邪謬不近人情之態，又在万万人之下．若生于公侯富貴之
家，則為情痴情种，若生于詩書清貧之族，則為逸士高人，縱再偶生于薄祚寒門，斷不能為走卒健仆，甘遭庸人
驅制駕馭，必為奇优名倡．如前代之許由，陶潛，阮籍，嵇康，劉伶，王謝二族，顧虎頭，陳后主，唐明皇，宋
徽宗，劉庭芝，溫飛卿，米南宮，石曼卿，柳耆卿，秦少游，近日之倪云林，唐伯虎，祝枝山，再如李龜年，黃
幡綽，敬新磨，卓文君，紅拂，薛濤，崔鶯，朝云之流，此皆易地則同之人也。”
子興見他說得這樣重大，

zi5 (noun suffix)
xing4 interest(兴)
xian4 appear(见)
他 ta1 he,him
theory)(说)
重大 zhong4 da4 great,important,major,significant
，
忙請教其端．
請教 qing3 jiao4 consult(请教)
端 duan1 end,extremity,item,port,to hold sth level with both hands,to carry,regular
．
雨村道：
雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
：
“天地生人，
“ 天地 tian1 di4 heaven and earth,the world

生人 sheng1 ren2 stranger,be born
，
除大仁大惡兩种，
除 chu2 to get rid of,to remove,to exclude,to eliminate,to wipe out,to

divide,except,not including
dai4 doctor
仁 ren2 humane,kernel
dai4 doctor
惡 e3 nauseated(恶)
e4 evil,vice,wicked,malevolent,malignant,pernicious,fierce(恶)
wu4 to hate,to loathe(恶)
种 :種: zhong3 abbr. for 物種|物种,
genus,race,seed,breed,species,strain,kind,type,has guts (i.e.
courage),nerve,classifier for types: kind, sort,classifier for languages
:種: zhong4 to plant,to grow,to cultivate
，
余者皆無大异．

dai4 doctor
异 :異: yi4 different,other,hetero-,unusual,strange,surprising,to distinguish,to
separate,to discriminate
．
若大仁者，
dai4 doctor
，
則應運而生，

應運而生 ying4 yun4 er2 sheng1 to emerge to meet a historic destiny (idiom); to
arise at an opportune time,able to take advantage of an opportunity,to rise to the
occasion(应运而生)
，
大惡者，
dai4 doctor
，
則應劫而生．

應 ying1 ought(应)
ying4 surname Ying,to answer,to respond(应)
劫 jie2 to rob,to plunder,to seize by force,to coerce,calamity
．
運生世治，
運 yun4 to move,to transport,to use,to apply,fortune,luck,fate(运)

治 zhi4 to rule,to govern,to manage,to control,to harness (a
river),cure,treatment,to heal
，
劫生世危．

危 wei1 danger,to endanger,surname Wei,Taiwan pr. wei2
．
堯，
堯 Yao2 surname Yao,Yao or Tang Yao (c. 2200 BC), one of Five legendary Emperors 五
帝, second son of Di Ku 帝嚳|帝喾(尧)
，
舜，
舜 Shun4 Shun (c. 22nd century BC), mythical sage and leader
，
禹，
禹 Yu3 Yu the Great (c. 21st century BC), mythical leader who tamed the
floods,surname Yu
，
湯，
湯 tang1 soup,surname Tang(汤)

，
文，

，
武，
武 wu3 martial,military,surname Wu
，
周，
周 zhou1
complete,encircle,circuit,lap,week,cycle,all,every,attentive,thoughtful,the Zhou
dynasty from 1027 BC,surname Zhou
:賙: zhou1 bestow alms
:週: zhou1 cycle,week
，
召，
召 Shao4 surname Shao,name of an ancient state
zhao4 to call together,to summon,to convene
，
孔，
孔 kong3 hole,surname Kong

，
孟，
孟 Meng4 first month,eldest brother,surname Meng

，
董，
董 dong3 supervise,to direct,director,surname Dong

，
韓，
韓 Han2 Han, one of the Seven Hero States of the Warring States 戰國七雄|战国七
雄,Korea from the fall of the Joseon dynasty in 1897,Korea, esp. South Korea 大韓民
國|大韩民国,surname Han(韩)
，
周，
周 zhou1
complete,encircle,circuit,lap,week,cycle,all,every,attentive,thoughtful,the Zhou
dynasty from 1027 BC,surname Zhou
:賙: zhou1 bestow alms
:週: zhou1 cycle,week
，
程，
程 cheng2 rule,order,regulations,formula,journey,procedure,sequence,surname Cheng

，
張，
張 zhang1 to open up,to spread,sheet of paper,classifier for flat objects,

sheet,classifier for votes,surname Zhang(张)
，
朱，
朱 :硃: zhu1 vermilion,surname Zhu

，
皆應運而生者．

應運而生 ying4 yun4 er2 sheng1 to emerge to meet a historic destiny (idiom); to
arise at an opportune time,able to take advantage of an opportunity,to rise to the
occasion(应运而生)
．
蚩尤，
蚩尤 Chi1 You2 Chi You, legendary creator of metalworking and weapons,comet

，
共工，
共工 Gong4 gong1 God of Water

，
桀，
桀 jie2 (emperor of Xia dynasty),cruel

，
紂，
紂 Zhou4 last ruler of Shang (11th century BC), a notorious tyrant(纣)

zhou4 saddle crupper (harness strap on horse's back)(纣)
，
始皇，
始 shi3 begin
皇 Huang2 emperor,surname Huang
，
王莽，
王莽 Wang2 Mang3 Wang Mang (45 BC-23 AD), usurped power and reigned 9-23 between
the former and later Han
，
曹操，
曹操 Cao2 Cao1 Cao Cao (155-220), famous statesman and general at the end of Han,
noted poet and calligrapher, later warlord, founder and first king of Cao Wei 曹魏,
father of Emperor Cao Pi 曹丕,the main villain of novel the Romance of Three
Kingdoms 三國演義|三国演义
，
桓溫，
桓 Huan2 surname Huan,Chinese soapberry (Sapindus mukurossi),big

溫 wen1 warm,lukewarm,temperature,to warm up,mild,soft,tender,to review,to
revise,epidemic,surname Wen(温)
，
安祿山，
安祿山 An1 Lu4 shan1 An Lushan (703-757), famous general and favorite of Tang
emperor Xuanzong 玄宗, eventually precipitated catastrophic An Shi rebellion 安史之
亂|安史之乱 (755-763)(安禄山)
，
秦檜等，
秦 Qin2 surname Qin,Qin dynasty (221-207 BC) of the first emperor 秦始皇,abbr. for
Shaanxi province 陕西
檜 gui4 Juniperus chinensis(桧)
，
皆應劫而生者．

應 ying1 ought(应)
ying4 surname Ying,to answer,to respond(应)
．
大仁者，
dai4 doctor
，
修治天下，
修 xiu1 to decorate,to embellish,to repair,to build,to study,to write,to cultivate

治 zhi4 to rule,to govern,to manage,to control,to harness (a
river),cure,treatment,to heal
，
大惡者，
dai4 doctor
，
撓亂天下．
撓 nao2 to scratch(挠)
亂 luan4 in confusion,disorderly(乱)
．
清明靈秀，
清明 Qing1 ming2 Qingming or Pure Brightness, 5th of the 24 solar terms 二十四節氣|二
十四节气 5th-19th April,the Qingming festival (Pure brightness or tomb-sweeping),
4th-6th April
靈 ling2 quick,alert,efficacious,effective,spirit,departed soul,coffin(灵)
秀 xiu4 handsome,refined,elegant,graceful,show (loanword from English)
，
天地之正气，
天地 tian1 di4 heaven and earth,the world

正气 :正氣: zheng4 qi4 healthy environment,healthy atmosphere,righteousness,vital
energy (in Chinese medicine)
，
仁者之所秉也，
秉 bing3 surname Bing,to grasp,to hold,to maintain
，
殘忍乖僻，
殘忍 can2 ren3 bloody,merciless(残忍)

乖僻 guai1 pi4 peculiar,eccentric
，
天地之邪气，
天地 tian1 di4 heaven and earth,the world

邪气 :邪氣: xie2 qi4 evil influence,unhealthy trend,pathogeny (cause of disease) in
traditional Chinese medicine
，
惡者之所秉也．
．
今當運隆祚永之朝，
當 dang1 to be,to act as,manage,withstand,when,during,ought,should,match
equally,equal,same,obstruct,just at (a time or place),on the spot,right,just at(当)
dang4 at or in the very same...,to
pawn,suitable,adequate,fitting,proper,replace,represent(当)
運 yun4 to move,to transport,to use,to apply,fortune,luck,fate(运)
隆 long1 sound of drums
long2 grand,intense,prosperous,start (a fire)
祚 zuo4 blessing,the throne
永 yong3 forever,always,perpetual
朝 chao2 to face,towards,facing,direct,dynasty,imperial court
zhao1 morning
，
太平無為之世，
太平 tai4 ping2 peace and security

無為 Wu2 wei2 (无为)
wu2 wei2 the Daoist doctrine of inaction,let things take their own course,laissez-
faire(无为)
，
清明靈秀之气所秉者，
清明 Qing1 ming2 Qingming or Pure Brightness, 5th of the 24 solar terms 二十四節氣|二
十四节气 5th-19th April,the Qingming festival (Pure brightness or tomb-sweeping),
4th-6th April
，
上至朝廷，

朝廷 chao2 ting2 court,imperial household,dynasty
，
下及草野，

decline,to go down
草 cao3 grass,straw,manuscript,draft (of a document),careless,rough
，
比比皆是．
比比皆是 bi3 bi3 jie1 shi4 can be found everywhere

．
所余之秀气，

余 yu2 I (used by emperor),variant of 餘|余, surplus
:餘: yu2 extra,surplus,remaining,remainder after division,(following numerical
value) or more,in excess of (some number),residue (math.),after,I,me,surname Yu
秀气 :秀氣: xiu4 qi5 delicate,graceful
，
漫無所歸，
漫 man4 free,unrestrained,inundate
歸 gui1 to go back,to return(归)
，
遂為甘露，

甘 gan1 sweet,willing,abbr. for Gansu 甘肅|甘肃 province,surname Gan
露 lou4 to show,to reveal,to betray,to expose
lu4 dew,syrup,nectar,outdoors (not under cover),to show,to reveal,to betray,to
expose
，
為和風，
和風 he2 feng1 breeze(和风)
，
洽然溉及四海．
洽 qia4 accord,make contact

然 ran2 correct,right,so,thus,like this,-ly
溉 gai4 irrigate
四 si4 four,4
海 hai3 ocean,sea
．
彼殘忍乖僻之邪气，
彼 bi3 that,those,(one) another)

殘忍 can2 ren3 bloody,merciless(残忍)
邪气 :邪氣: xie2 qi4 evil influence,unhealthy trend,pathogeny (cause of disease) in
traditional Chinese medicine
，
不能蕩溢于光天化日之中，

蕩 dang4 to wash,to squander,to sweep away,to move,to shake,dissolute,pond(荡)
溢 yi4 overflow
光天化日 guang1 tian1 hua4 ri4 the full light of day (idiom),fig. peace and
prosperity,in broad daylight
之中 zhi1 zhong1 inside
，
遂凝結充塞于深溝大壑之內，

凝結 ning2 jie2 to condense,to solidify,to coagulate,clot (of blood)(凝结)
充塞 chong1 se4 congestion,to block,to congest,to crowd,to choke,to cram,to fill
up,to stuff,to take up all the space
溝 gou1 ditch,gutter,groove,gully,ravine(沟)
dai4 doctor
壑 he4 gully
之內 zhi1 nei4 inside(之内)
，
偶因風蕩，
蕩 dang4 to wash,to squander,to sweep away,to move,to shake,dissolute,pond(荡)
，
或被云催，
或 huo4 maybe,perhaps,might,possibly,or
被 bei4 by (indicates passive-voice sentences or clauses),to cover,to wear
:雲: yun2 cloud
催 cui1 to urge,to press,to prompt,to rush sb,to hasten sth,to expedite
，
略有搖動感發之意，
略 lu:e4 plan,strategy,outline,summary,slightly,rather,to rob,to plunder,to

summarize
搖動 yao2 dong4 to shake,to sway(摇动)
感發 gan3 fa1 to move and inspire(感发)
，
一絲半縷誤而泄出者，

絲 si1 silk,thread,trace(丝)
半 ban4 half,semi-,incomplete,(after a number) and a half
縷 lu:3 state in detail,strand,thread(缕)
誤 wu4 mistake,error,to miss,to harm,to delay,to neglect(误)
泄 xie4 to leak (of water or gas),to drip,to drain,to discharge,to leak out,to
divulge (secrets),to give vent (to anger, spite etc),to disperse,to reduce
，
偶值靈秀之气适過，
值 zhi2 value,(to be) worth,to happen
适 :適: shi4 to fit,to suit,just now
，
正不容邪，

zero,principle
不容 bu4 rong2 not tolerate,not allow,not brook,to not welcome
邪 xie2 demonic,iniquitous,nefarious,evil,unhealthy influences that cause disease
(Chinese medicine)
，
邪复妒正，

(Chinese medicine)
复 :復: fu4 to go and return,to return,to resume,to return to a normal or original
state,to repeat,again,to recover,to restore,to turn over,to reply,to answer,to
reply to a letter,to retaliate,to carry out
:複: fu4 to repeat,to double,to overlap,complex (not
simple),compound,composite,double,diplo-,duplicate,overlapping,to duplicate
妒 du4 to envy (success, talent),jealous
zero,principle
，
兩不相下，

decline,to go down
，
亦如風水雷電，
亦 yi4 also
風水 feng1 shui3 fengshui,geomancy(风水)
雷電 lei2 dian4 thunder and lightning(雷电)
，
地中既遇，

，
既不能消，

消 xiao1 consume,news,subside,to disappear,to vanish,have to,need
，
又不能讓，

，
必至搏擊掀發后始盡．
必 bi4 certainly,must,will,necessarily
搏擊 bo2 ji1 to fight, esp. with hands,wrestling (as a sport),to wrestle,to wrestle
(against fate, with a problem etc),to capture prey(搏击)
掀 xian1 to lift (a lid),to rock,to convulse
發 fa1 to send out,to show (one's feeling),to issue,to develop,(classifier for
gunshots, "rounds")(发)
始 shi3 begin
．
故其气亦必賦人，
亦 yi4 also
賦 fu4 poetic essay,taxation,bestow on,endow with(赋)
，
發泄一盡始散．
發 fa1 to send out,to show (one's feeling),to issue,to develop,(classifier for

gunshots, "rounds")(发)
泄 xie4 to leak (of water or gas),to drip,to drain,to discharge,to leak out,to
divulge (secrets),to give vent (to anger, spite etc),to disperse,to reduce
始 shi3 begin
散 san3 leisurely,loosen,powdered medicine,to scatter,to come loose
san4 adjourn,scatter
．
使男女偶秉此气而生者，

男女 nan2 nu:3 male-female
此 ci3 this,these
，
在上則不能成仁人君子，
action in progress)
成 cheng2 finish,complete,accomplish,become,turn into,win,succeed,one tenth,surname
Cheng
仁人君子 ren2 ren2 jun1 zi5 people of good will (idiom); charitable person
，
下亦不能為大凶大惡．

decline,to go down
亦 yi4 also
dai4 doctor
凶 xiong1
vicious,fierce,terrible,fearful,violence,murder,criminal,murderer,ominous,inauspic
ious,famine,crop failure
:兇: xiong1
dai4 doctor
．
置之于万万人中，
置 zhi4 to install,to place,to put

万万 :萬萬: wan4 wan4 absolutely,wholly
人中 ren2 zhong1 philtrum,infranasal depression,the "human center" acupuncture
point
，
其聰俊靈秀之气，

聰 cong1 quick at hearing,wise,clever,sharp-witted,intelligent,acute(聪)
俊 jun4 smart,eminent,handsome,talented
，
則在万万人之上，

action in progress)
之上 zhi1 shang4 above
，
其乖僻邪謬不近人情之態，

(Chinese medicine)
謬 miu4 to deceive,to confuse,to cheat,absurd,erroneous(谬)
不近人情 bu4 jin4 ren2 qing2 not amenable to reason,unreasonable
態 tai4 attitude(态)
，
又在万万人之下．

action in progress)
之下 zhi1 xia4 under,beneath,less than
．
若生于公侯富貴之家，
侯 hou2
富貴 fu4 gui4 riches and honor(富贵)
or -ian,surname Jia
，
則為情痴情种，

情痴 :情癡: qing2 chi1 infatuated,lovesick person
情种 :情種: qing2 zhong4 affectionate,an affectionate person
，
若生于詩書清貧之族，
詩書 shi1 shu1 the Book of Songs 詩經|诗经 and the Book of History 書經|书经,books or
literature in general(诗书)
清 qing1 clear,distinct,complete,pure,the Ch'ing or Qing dynasty (1644-1911)
貧 pin2 poor,inadequate,deficient,garrulous(贫)
workers 上班族)
，
則為逸士高人，
逸 yi4 escape,leisurely,outstanding
士 shi4 scholar,warrior,knight
高人 gao1 ren2 very able person
，
縱再偶生于薄祚寒門，
縱 zong4 warp (the vertical threads in weaving),vertical,longitudinal,north-south

(lines of longitude),lengthwise,to release,to indulge,even if(纵)
再 zai4 again,once more,re-,second,another,then (after sth, and not until then)
薄 bao2 thin,cold in manner,indifferent,weak,light,infertile
bo2 meager,mean,weak,poor,frail,frivolous,to despise,to look down on,surname Bo
祚 zuo4 blessing,the throne
，
斷不能為走卒健仆，
斷 duan4 to break,to break off,to decide,to judge,(in negative sentences)

absolutely,definitely,decidedly(断)
走卒 zou3 zu2 pawn (i.e. foot soldier),servant,lackey (of malefactor)
健 jian4 healthy,to invigorate,to strengthen,to be good at,to be strong in
仆 pu1 to fall forward,to fall prostrate
:僕: pu2 servant
，
甘遭庸人驅制駕馭，
甘 gan1 sweet,willing,abbr. for Gansu 甘肅|甘肃 province,surname Gan

遭 zao1 meet by chance (usually with misfortune),classifier for events: time, turn,
incident
庸人 yong1 ren2 mediocre person
驅 qu1 to expel,to urge on,to drive,to run quickly(驱)
制 zhi4 system,to make,to manufacture,to control,to regulate
:製: zhi4 manufacture
駕馭 jia4 yu4 to control,to drive(驾驭)
，
必為奇优名倡．
优 :優: you1 excellent,superior
for people
倡 chang4 to initiate,to instigate,to introduce,to lead
．
如前代之許由，

許 Xu3 surname Xu(许)
xu3 to allow,to permit,to praise,somewhat,perhaps(许)
由 you2 to follow,from,it is for...to,reason,cause,because of,due to,to,to leave it
(to sb),by (introduces passive verb)
，
陶潛，
陶潛 Tao2 Qian2 Tao Qian or Tao Yuanming 陶渊明|陶淵明 (c. 365-427), Jin dynasty
writer and poet(陶潜)
，
阮籍，
阮 Ruan3 surname Ruan

籍 ji2 register,native place,record of person's identity, including surname, place
of birth and ancestral shrine,surname Ji
，
嵇康，
嵇 Ji1 surname Ji,name of a mountain

康 kang1 healthy,peaceful,abundant,surname Kang,see also 糠
，
劉伶，
劉 Liu2 surname Liu(刘)

伶 ling2 clever
，
王謝二族，

謝 xie4 to thank,to apologize,to wither (flowers, leaves etc),to decline,surname
Xie(谢)
workers 上班族)
，
顧虎頭，
顧 gu4 to look after,to take into consideration,to attend to,surname Gu(顾)
虎 hu3 tiger
頭 tou2 head,hair style,the top,end,beginning or end,a
stub,remnant,chief,boss,side,aspect,first,leading,classifier for pigs or
livestock(头)
tou5 suff. for nouns(头)
，
陳后主，
陳 Chen2 surname Chen,Chen of the Southern dynasties (557-589)(陈)

chen2 to lay out,to exhibit,to display,to narrate,to state,to explain,to
tell,old,stale(陈)
主 zhu3 to own,to host,master,lord,primary
，
唐明皇，
唐 Tang2 Tang dynasty (618-907),surname Tang

明 ming2 clear,bright,to understand,next,the Ming dynasty (1368-1644),surname Ming
皇 Huang2 emperor,surname Huang
，
宋徽宗，
宋徽宗 Song4 Hui1 zong1 Emperor Huizong (Song Dynasty)

，
劉庭芝，
劉 Liu2 surname Liu(刘)

庭 ting2 court,courtyard
芝 zhi1 Zoysia pungens
，
溫飛卿，
溫 wen1 warm,lukewarm,temperature,to warm up,mild,soft,tender,to review,to

revise,epidemic,surname Wen(温)
飛 fei1 to fly(飞)
卿 qing1 (old) minister,(old) term of endearment between spouses,thou (poet.)
，
米南宮，
米 mi3 meter (classifier),rice,surname Mi

南宮 Nan2 gong1 (南宫)
，
石曼卿，
石 dan4 dry measure for grain equal to ten dou 斗,ten pecks,one hundred liters
shi2 rock,stone,surname Shi
曼 man4 handsome,large,long
，
柳耆卿，
柳 liu3 willow,surname Liu

耆 qi2 man of sixty or seventy
，
秦少游，
秦 Qin2 surname Qin,Qin dynasty (221-207 BC) of the first emperor 秦始皇,abbr. for
Shaanxi province 陕西
少 shao3 few,little,lack
shao4 young
，
近日之倪云林，
近日 jin4 ri4 in the past few days,recently,in the last few days
倪 Ni2 surname Ni
:雲: yun2 cloud
，
唐伯虎，
唐伯虎 Tang2 Bo2 hu3 Tang Bohu or Tang Yin 唐寅 (1470-1523), Ming painter and poet,
one of Four great southern talents of the Ming 江南四大才子
，
祝枝山，
祝枝山 Zhu4 Zhi1 shan1 Zhu Zhishan (1460-1526), Ming calligrapher and poet, one of
Four great southern talents of the Ming 江南四大才子
，
再如李龜年，

李 li3 plum,surname Li
龜 gui1 tortoise,turtle(龟)
年 nian2 year
，
黃幡綽，
黃 huang2 yellow,sulfur,surname Huang or Hwang(黄)

幡 fan1 banner
綽 chao1 cook by scalding (see 焯)(绰)
chuo4 generous,ample,wide,spacious,well-off,to grip(绰)
，
敬新磨，
敬 jing4 to respect,to venerate,to salute,to offer

新 xin1 new,newly,abbr. for Xinjiang 新疆,meso- (chem.)
磨 mo2 to sharpen,to delay,hardship,to grind,to rub
mo4 grindstone
，
卓文君，
卓 zhuo2 outstanding,surname Zhuo

君 jun1 monarch,lord,gentleman,ruler
，
紅拂，
紅 hong2 bonus,popular,red,revolutionary(红)
拂 fu2 to brush away
，
薛濤，
薛 xue1 surname Xue,wormwood

濤 tao1 big wave(涛)
，
崔鶯，
崔 cui1 high mountain,precipitous,surname Cui

鶯 ying1 golden oriole(莺)
，
朝云之流，
朝 chao2 to face,towards,facing,direct,dynasty,imperial court

zhao1 morning
:雲: yun2 cloud
流 liu2 to flow,to spread,to circulate,to move
，
此皆易地則同之人也。
此 ci3 this,these
易 yi4 change,easy,simple,surname Yi
。
”
子興道：“依你說，`成則王侯敗則賊了．'"雨村道：“正是這意．你還不知，我自革職以來，這兩年遍游各省，
也曾遇見兩個异樣孩子．所以，方才你一說這寶玉，我就猜著了八九亦是這一派人物．不用遠說，只金陵城內，
欽差金陵省体仁院總裁甄家，你可知么？"子興道：“誰人不知！這甄府和賈府就是老親，又系世交．兩家來往，
极其親熱的．便在下也和他家來往非止一日了。”
子興道：

zi5 (noun suffix)
xing4 interest(兴)
：
“依你說，
“ 依 yi1 according to,depend on,near to

你 ni3
theory)(说)
，
`成則王侯敗則賊了．
` 成 cheng2 finish,complete,accomplish,become,turn into,win,succeed,one

tenth,surname Cheng
王侯 wang2 hou2 aristocracy
敗 bai4 be defeated,to defeat,loss(败)
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
:瞭: liao3 clear
．
'"雨村道：
雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
：
“正是這意．

(这)
．
你還不知，
你 ni3
tiredness etc)
，
我自革職以來，
我 wo3 I,me,my
革職 ge2 zhi2 to sack,to remove from a position,to depose(革职)
以來 yi3 lai2 since (a previous event)(以来)
，
這兩年遍游各省，

(这)
年 nian2 year
遍 bian4 a time,everywhere,turn,all over,one time
各 ge4 each,every
relative)
，
也曾遇見兩個异樣孩子．

clause)
遇見 yu4 jian4 meet(遇见)
异 :異: yi4 different,other,hetero-,unusual,strange,surprising,to distinguish,to
separate,to discriminate
樣 yang4 manner,pattern,way,appearance,shape(样)
孩子 hai2 zi5 child
．
所以，

，
方才你一說這寶玉，

你 ni3
theory)(说)
(这)
寶玉 bao3 yu4 precious jade,treasures(宝玉)
，
我就猜著了八九亦是這一派人物．
我 wo3 I,me,my
猜 cai1 to guess
ending(着)
:瞭: liao3 clear
八 ba1 eight,8
九 jiu3 nine,9
亦 yi4 also
(这)
人物 ren2 wu4 a person,a character (in a play, novel etc),a protagonist
．
不用遠說，
不用 bu4 yong4 need not

遠 yuan3 far,distant,remote(远)
theory)(说)
，
只金陵城內，
:祇: zhi3 but,only
vessels etc
，
欽差金陵省体仁院總裁甄家，
欽差 qin1 chai1 imperial envoy(钦差)

relative)
体 :體: ti3 body,form,style,system
院 yuan4 courtyard,institution
總裁 zong3 cai2 chairman,director-general (of a company etc)(总裁)
or -ian,surname Jia
，
你可知么？
你 ni3
for emphasis)
么 :麼: me5 suffix, used to form interrogative 甚麼|什么, what?, indefinite 這麼|这么
thus etc
:麽: ma5 interrogative final particle
？
"子興道：

zi5 (noun suffix)
xing4 interest(兴)
：
“誰人不知！
“ 誰 shei2 who,also pronounced shui2(谁)
tiredness etc)
！
這甄府和賈府就是老親，

(这)
to Qing times)
huo2 soft,warm
to Qing times)
，
又系世交．

系 xi4 system,department,faculty,to tie
:係: xi4 to be,connection,relation,tie up,bind
:繫: ji4 to tie,to fasten,to button up
:繫: xi4 connect,to tie
世交 shi4 jiao1 (long time) friend of the family
．
兩家來往，

or -ian,surname Jia
來往 lai2 wang3 to come and go,to have dealings with,to be in relation with(来往)
，
极其親熱的．
极其 :極其: ji2 qi2 extremely
親熱 qin1 re4 affectionate,intimate,warm-hearted(亲热)
di4 aim,clear
．
便在下也和他家來往非止一日了。

在下 zai4 xia4 under
huo2 soft,warm
他 ta1 he,him
or -ian,surname Jia
止 zhi3 to stop,to prohibit,until
:瞭: liao3 clear
。
”
雨村笑道：“去歲我在金陵，也曾有人荐我到甄府處館．我進去看其光景，誰知他家那等顯貴，卻是個富而好禮之
家，倒是個難得之館．但這一個學生，雖是啟蒙，卻比一個舉業的還勞神．說起來更可笑，他說：`必得兩個女儿
伴著我讀書，我方能認得字，心里也明白，不然我自己心里糊涂．'又常對跟他的小廝們說：`這女儿兩個字，极
尊貴，极清淨的，比那阿彌陀佛，元始天尊的這兩個寶號還更尊榮無對的呢！你們這濁口臭舌，万不可唐突了這
兩個字，要緊．但凡要說時，必須先用清水香茶漱了口才可，設若失錯，便要鑿牙穿腮等事．'其暴虐浮躁，頑劣
憨痴，种种异常．只一放了學，進去見了那些女儿們，其溫厚和平，聰敏文雅，竟又變了一個．因此，他令尊也
曾下死笞楚過几次，無奈竟不能改．每打的吃疼不過時，他便`姐姐'`妹妹'亂叫起來．后來听得里面女儿們拿他
取笑：`因何打急了只管叫姐妹做甚？莫不是求姐妹去說情討饒？你豈不愧些！'他回答的最妙．他說：`急疼之
時，只叫`姐姐'妹妹'字樣，或可解疼也未可知，因叫了一聲，便果覺不疼了，遂得了秘法：每疼痛之极，便連叫
姐妹起來了．'你說可笑不可笑？也因祖母溺愛不明，每因孫辱師責子，因此我就辭了館出來．如今在這巡鹽御史
林家做館了．你看，這等子弟，必不能守祖父之根基，從師長之規的．只可惜他家几個姊妹都是少有的。”
雨村笑道：
雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
：
“去歲我在金陵，
“ 去 qu4 to go,to leave,to remove,fourth tone of putonghua

我 wo3 I,me,my
action in progress)
，
也曾有人荐我到甄府處館．

clause)
有人 you3 ren2 someone,people,anyone,there is someone there,occupied (as in
restroom)
荐 :薦: jian4 to recommend,to offer sacrifice (arch.),grass,straw mat
我 wo3 I,me,my
to Qing times)
．
我進去看其光景，
我 wo3 I,me,my
danger)
，
誰知他家那等顯貴，

知)
他 ta1 he,him
or -ian,surname Jia
顯貴 xian3 gui4 dignitary,distinguished person,royalty,nobleman,big shot(显贵)
，
卻是個富而好禮之家，

though(却)
富 fu4 rich,surname Fu
readiness)
hao4 to be fond of
禮 li3 gift,propriety,rite(礼)
or -ian,surname Jia
，
倒是個難得之館．
倒是 dao4 shi5 contrary to what one might expect,actually,contrariwise

難得 nan2 de2 seldom,rare,hard to come by(难得)
．
但這一個學生，
(这)
學生 xue2 sheng5 student,school child(学生)
，
雖是啟蒙，

啟蒙 qi3 meng2 to instruct the young,to initiate,to awake sb from ignorance,to free
sb from prejudice or superstition,primer,enlightened,the Enlightenment,Western
learning from the late Qing dynasty(启蒙)
，
卻比一個舉業的還勞神．
though(却)
舉 ju3 to lift,to hold up,to cite,to enumerate,to act,to raise,to choose,to
elect(举)
業 ye4 business,occupation,study,estate,property(业)
di4 aim,clear
勞神 lao2 shen2 to be a tax on (one's mind),to bother; to trouble,to be
concerned(劳神)
．
說起來更可笑，

theory)(说)
更 geng1 to change
可笑 ke3 xiao4 funny,ridiculous
，
他說：
他 ta1 he,him
theory)(说)
：
`必得兩個女儿伴著我讀書，
` 必得 bi4 dei3 must,have to

伴 ban4 partner,companion,comrade,associate,to accompany
ending(着)
我 wo3 I,me,my
，
我方能認得字，
我方 wo3 fang1 our side,we
能 neng2 can,may,capable,energy,able,surname Neng
認得 ren4 de5 to recognize,to remember sth (or sb) on seeing it,to know(认得)
，
心里也明白，
心里 :心裡: xin1 li5 in ones heart and mind

明白 ming2 bai5 clear,obvious,unequivocal,to understand,to realize
，
不然我自己心里糊涂．
不然 bu4 ran2 not so,no,or else,otherwise,if not

我自己 wo3 zi4 ji3 myself,my own
心里 :心裡: xin1 li5 in ones heart and mind
糊涂 :糊塗: hu2 tu5 muddled,silly,confused
．
'又常對跟他的小廝們說：
' 又 you4 (once) again,also,both... and...,again

常 chang2 always,ever,often,frequently,common,general,constant,surname Chang
對 dui4 couple,pair,to be opposite,to oppose,to face,versus,for,to,correct
(answer),to answer,to reply,to direct (towards sth),right(对)
跟 gen1 heel,to follow closely,to go with,to marry sb (of woman),with,towards,as
(compared to),from (different from),and (in addition to)
他 ta1 he,him
di4 aim,clear
廝 si1 mutually,with one another,manservant,boy servant,guy (derog.)(厮)
si1 servant
theory)(说)
：
`這女儿兩個字，

，
极尊貴，

尊貴 zun1 gui4 respected,respectable,honorable(尊贵)
，
极清淨的，

清 qing1 clear,distinct,complete,pure,the Ch'ing or Qing dynasty (1644-1911)
淨 jing4 clean,completely,only(净)
di4 aim,clear
，
比那阿彌陀佛，
阿彌陀佛 E1 mi2 tuo2 Fo2 Amitabha Buddha,the Buddha of the Western paradise,may the
lord Buddha preserve us!,merciful Buddha!(阿弥陀佛)
，
元始天尊的這兩個寶號還更尊榮無對的呢！
元 yuan2 Chinese monetary unit,dollar,primary,first,the Yuan or Mongol dynasty

(1279-1368),surname Yuan
始 shi3 begin
天 tian1 day,sky,heaven
尊 zun1 to honor,to respect,(classifier for cannons and statues),ancient wine
vessel
di4 aim,clear
(这)
寶 bao3 a jewel or gem,a treasure,precious(宝)
號 hao2 roar,cry(号)
hao4 day of a month,(suffix used after) name of a ship,(ordinal) number(号)
更 geng1 to change
尊榮 zun1 rong2 honor and glory(尊荣)
對 dui4 couple,pair,to be opposite,to oppose,to face,versus,for,to,correct
(answer),to answer,to reply,to direct (towards sth),right(对)
di4 aim,clear
ni2 woolen material
！
你們這濁口臭舌，
你們 ni3 men5 you (plural)(你们)

(这)
濁 zhuo2 turbid,muddy,impure(浊)
口臭 kou3 chou4 bad breath,halitosis
舌 she2 tongue
，
万不可唐突了這兩個字，
万 :萬: wan4 surname Wan,ten thousand,a great number

不可 bu4 ke3 cannot,should not,must not
唐突 tang2 tu1 to be rude,to offend,rude,profane,to pass oneself or sth. off as
:瞭: liao3 clear
(这)
，
要緊．
要緊 yao4 jin3 important,urgent(要紧)

．
但凡要說時，
凡 fan2 ordinary,commonplace,mundane,temporal,of the material world (as opposed to
supernatural or immortal levels),every,all,whatever,altogether,gist,outline,note
of Chinese musical scale
theory)(说)
，
必須先用清水香茶漱了口才可，
必須 bi4 xu1 to have to,must(必须)

用 yong4 to use
清水 Qing1 shui3
qing1 shui3 fresh water,drinking water,clear water
茶 cha2 tea,tea plant
漱 shu4 to rinse one's mouth with water,to gargle
:瞭: liao3 clear
口才 kou3 cai2 eloquence
for emphasis)
，
設若失錯，
設若 she4 ruo4 if(设若)

失錯 shi1 cuo4 mistake,slip-up,by accident(失错)
，
便要鑿牙穿腮等事．

鑿 zao2 chisel,mortise (hole in wood for joint),certain(凿)
zuo4 mortise (hole in wood for joint),certain(凿)
牙 ya2 tooth,ivory
穿 chuan1 to bore through,pierce,perforate,penetrate,pass through,to dress,to
wear,to put on,to thread
腮 sai1 cheek (esp. lower cheek),jaw,gills (of fish)
．
'其暴虐浮躁，
暴虐 bao4 nu:e4 brutal,tyrannical

浮躁 fu2 zao4 over-active,impetuous,impulsive,restless
，
頑劣憨痴，
頑劣 wan2 lie4 stubborn and obstreperous,naughty and mischievous(顽劣)

憨 han1 silly,simple-minded
痴 chi1 imbecile,sentimental,stupid,foolish,silly
:癡: chi1 imbecile,sentimental,stupid,foolish,silly
，
种种异常．
种种 :種種: zhong3 zhong3 all kinds of

异常 :異常: yi4 chang2 exceptional,abnormal,an anomaly
．
只一放了學，
:祇: zhi3 but,only
vessels etc
放 fang4 to release,to free,to let go,to put,to place,to let out,to set off
(fireworks)
:瞭: liao3 clear
，
進去見了那些女儿們，

xian4 appear(见)
:瞭: liao3 clear
，
其溫厚和平，

溫厚 wen1 hou4 good-natured,warm and generous,gentle(温厚)
和平 He2 ping2 Heping district of Shenyang city 沈陽市|沈阳市, Liaoning
he2 ping2 peace
，
聰敏文雅，
聰敏 cong1 min3 quick,bright,intelligent,clever,brilliant(聪敏)

文雅 wen2 ya3 elegant,refined
，
竟又變了一個．

變 bian4 to change,to become different,to transform,to vary,rebellion(变)
:瞭: liao3 clear
．
因此，
因此 yin1 ci3 thus,consequently,as a result

，
他令尊也曾下死笞楚過几次，
他 ta1 he,him
令尊 ling4 zun1 (honorific) your father
clause)
decline,to go down
笞 chi1 to whip with bamboo strips
楚 chu3 surname Chu,ancient place name,distinct,clear,orderly,pain,suffering
几次 :幾次: ji3 ci4 several times
，
無奈竟不能改．
無奈 wu2 nai4 without choice,for lack of better option,grudgingly,willy-

nilly,nolens volens(无奈)
改 gai3 to change,to alter,to transform,to correct
．
每打的吃疼不過時，
每 mei3 each,every
打的 da3 di1 (slang) to take a taxi,to go by taxi
exhaust
ji2 stammer
不過 bu4 guo4 only,merely,no more than,but,however,anyway (to get back to a
previous topic)(不过)
，
他便`姐姐'`妹妹'亂叫起來．
他 ta1 he,him
` 姐姐 jie3 jie5 older sister
妹妹 mei4 mei5 younger sister,fig. younger woman (esp. girl friend or rival)
' 亂叫 luan4 jiao4 to inconsiderately shout(乱叫)
．
后來听得里面女儿們拿他取笑：

拿 na2 to hold,to seize,to catch,to apprehend,to take
他 ta1 he,him
取笑 qu3 xiao4 to tease,to make fun of
：
`因何打急了只管叫姐妹做甚？
` 因 yin1 cause,reason,because
何 He2 surname He
打 da2 dozen
da3 to beat,to strike,to hit,to break,to type,to mix up,to build,to fight,to
fetch,to make,to tie up,to issue,to shoot,to calculate,since,from
急 ji2 urgent,pressing,rapid,hurried,worried
:瞭: liao3 clear
只管 zhi3 guan3 solely engrossed in one thing,just (one thing, no need to worry
about the rest),simply,by all means,please feel free,do not hesitate (to ask for
sth)
叫 jiao4 to shout,to call,to order,to ask,to be called,by (indicates agent in the
passive mood)
姐妹 jie3 mei4 sisters
做 zuo4 to do,to make,to produce,to write,to compose,to act as,to engage in,to hold
(a party),to be,to become,to function (in some capacity),to serve as,to be used
for,to form (a bond or relationship),to pretend,to feign,to act a part,to put on
appearance
甚 shen2 what(什)
？
莫不是求姐妹去說情討饒？
莫不是 mo4 bu4 shi4 probably,perhaps,could it be that...?

求 qiu2 to seek,to look for,to request,to demand,to beseech
說情 shuo1 qing2 to intercede,to plead for sb else(说情)
討饒 tao3 rao2 to beg for mercy,to ask for forgiveness(讨饶)
？
你豈不愧些！
你 ni3
豈不 qi3 bu4 how couldn't...?,wouldn't it...?(岂不)
愧 kui4 ashamed
！
'他回答的最妙．
回答 hui2 da2 to reply,to answer,the answer
di4 aim,clear
．
他說：
他 ta1 he,him
theory)(说)
：
`急疼之時，
` 急 ji2 urgent,pressing,rapid,hurried,worried
，
只叫`姐姐'妹妹'字樣，
:祇: zhi3 but,only
vessels etc
passive mood)
` 姐姐 jie3 jie5 older sister
' 妹妹 mei4 mei5 younger sister,fig. younger woman (esp. girl friend or rival)
' 字樣 zi4 yang4 model or template character,words writ large (e.g. slogan 標語|标
语 on banner, stamp "air mail" 航空 or header "first draft" 初稿 etc)(字样)
，
或可解疼也未可知，
或 huo4 maybe,perhaps,might,possibly,or
可解 ke3 jie3 soluble (i.e. can be solved)
，
因叫了一聲，
passive mood)
:瞭: liao3 clear
一聲 yi1 sheng1 sound,first tone of putonghua (high level tone)(一声)
，
便果覺不疼了，

果 guo3 fruit,result
覺 jiao4 a nap,a sleep(觉)
jue2 feel,find that,thinking,awake,aware(觉)
:瞭: liao3 clear
，
遂得了秘法：

得了 de2 le5 be finished,be ready,all right,that's enough
秘 bi4
mi4 secret,secretary
法 fa3 law,method,way,Buddhist teaching,Legalist,abbr. for France
：
每疼痛之极，
每 mei3 each,every
疼痛 teng2 tong4 pain,ache,sore
，
便連叫姐妹起來了．

連 lian2 surname Lian,even,as,join,to link,successively(连)
passive mood)
:瞭: liao3 clear
．
'你說可笑不可笑？
' 你 ni3
theory)(说)
可笑 ke3 xiao4 funny,ridiculous
？
也因祖母溺愛不明，

溺愛 ni4 ai4 spoil,pamper,dote on(溺爱)
不明 bu4 ming2 not clear,unknown,fail to understand
，
每因孫辱師責子，
每 mei3 each,every
辱 ru3 disgrace,insult,to humiliate,Taiwan pr. ru4,prefixed word denoting respect
(polite 谦辞)
師 shi1 a division (military),teacher,master,expert,model(师)
責 ze2 duty,responsibility,to reproach,to blame(责)
zi5 (noun suffix)
，
因此我就辭了館出來．
因此 yin1 ci3 thus,consequently,as a result

我 wo3 I,me,my
辭 ci2 refined language,wording,poetic genre (so far, interchangeable with 詞|
词),to take leave,to resign,to dismiss,to decline(辞)
:瞭: liao3 clear
．
如今在這巡鹽御史林家做館了．

action in progress)
(这)
鹽 yan2 salt(盐)
御史 yu4 shi3 imperial censor (formal title of a dynastic official)
or -ian,surname Jia
做 zuo4 to do,to make,to produce,to write,to compose,to act as,to engage in,to hold
(a party),to be,to become,to function (in some capacity),to serve as,to be used
for,to form (a bond or relationship),to pretend,to feign,to act a part,to put on
appearance
:瞭: liao3 clear
．
你看，
你 ni3
danger)
，
這等子弟，

(这)
子弟 zi3 di4 child,the younger generation
，
必不能守祖父之根基，
守 shou3 to guard,to defend,to keep watch,to abide by the law,to observe (rules or
ritual),nearby,adjoining
祖父 zu3 fu4 father's father,paternal grandfather
根基 gen1 ji1 foundation
，
從師長之規的．
師長 shi1 zhang3 military division level commander,teacher(师长)
規 gui1 compass,a rule,regulation,to admonish,to plan,to scheme(规)
di4 aim,clear
．
只可惜他家几個姊妹都是少有的。
:祇: zhi3 but,only
vessels etc
他 ta1 he,him
or -ian,surname Jia
几 ji1 small table
:幾: ji1 almost
姊妹 zi3 mei4 (older and younger) sisters
少有 shao3 you3 rare,infrequent
di4 aim,clear
。
”
子興道：“便是賈府中，現有的三個也不錯．政老爹的長女，名元春，現因賢孝才德，選入宮作女史去了．二小姐
乃赦老爹之妾所出，名迎春，三小姐乃政老爹之庶出，名探春，四小姐乃宁府珍爺之胞妹，名喚惜春．因史老夫
人极愛孫女，都跟在祖母這邊一處讀書，听得個個不錯．雨村道：“更妙在甄家的風俗，女儿之名，亦皆從男子之
名命字，不似別家另外用這些`春'`紅'`香'`玉'等艷字的．何得賈府亦樂此俗套？"子興道：“不然．只因現今
大小姐是正月初一日所生，故名元春，余者方從了`春'字．上一輩的，卻也是從兄弟而來的．現有對證：目今你
貴東家林公之夫人，即榮府中赦，政二公之胞妹，在家時名喚賈敏．不信時，你回去細訪可知。”雨村拍案笑
道：“怪道這女學生讀至凡書中有`敏'字，皆念作`密'字，每每如是，寫字遇著`敏'字，又減一二筆，我心中就
有些疑惑．今听你說的，是為此無疑矣．怪道我這女學生言語舉止另是一樣，不与近日女子相同，度其母必不
凡，方得其女，今知為榮府之孫，又不足罕矣，可傷上月竟亡故了。”子興歎道：“老姊妹四個，這一個是极小
的，又沒了．長一輩的姊妹，一個也沒了．只看這小一輩的，將來之東床如何呢。”
子興道：

zi5 (noun suffix)
xing4 interest(兴)
：
“便是賈府中，
“ 便是 bian4 shi4 (emphasizes that sth is precisely or exactly as

to Qing times)
，
現有的三個也不錯．
現有 xian4 you3 currently existing,currently available(现有)

di4 aim,clear
三 san1 three,3
也不 ye3 bu4 neither,nor
．
政老爹的長女，
爹 die1 dad
di4 aim,clear
，
名元春，

for people
春 chun1 spring (time),gay,joyful,youthful,love,lust,life
，
現因賢孝才德，
賢 xian2 worthy (person)(贤)
孝 xiao4 filial
德 de2 Germany,virtue,goodness,morality,ethics,kindness,favor,character,kind
，
選入宮作女史去了．
選入 xuan3 ru4 selected (for admission),elected(选入)

宮 gong1 palace,surname Gong,castration (as corporal punishment),first note in
pentatonic scale(宫)
:瞭: liao3 clear
．
二小姐乃赦老爹之妾所出，

爹 die1 dad
，
名迎春，

for people
迎 ying2 to welcome,to meet,to face,to forge ahead (esp. in the face of
difficulties)
，
三小姐乃政老爹之庶出，
三 san1 three,3
爹 die1 dad
庶 shu4 numerous,all,common people,nearly,to hope,born of a concubine
，
名探春，

for people
探 tan4 to explore,to search out,to scout,to visit,to stretch forward
，
四小姐乃宁府珍爺之胞妹，
四 si4 four,4
to Qing times)
妹 mei4 younger sister
，
名喚惜春．

for people
惜 xi1 pity,regret,to rue,to begrudge,Taiwan pr. xi2
．
因史老夫人极愛孫女，
孫女 sun1 nu:3 son's daughter,granddaughter(孙女)
，
都跟在祖母這邊一處讀書，
跟 gen1 heel,to follow closely,to go with,to marry sb (of woman),with,towards,as
(compared to),from (different from),and (in addition to)
action in progress)
這邊 zhe4 bian1 this side,here(这边)
，
听得個個不錯．

個個 ge4 ge4 each one individually,each and every,same as 各個|各个(个个)
不錯 bu4 cuo4 correct,right,not bad,pretty good(不错)
．
雨村道：
雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
：
“更妙在甄家的風俗，
“ 更 geng1 to change
action in progress)
or -ian,surname Jia
di4 aim,clear
風俗 feng1 su2 social custom(风俗)
，
女儿之名，

for people
，
亦皆從男子之名命字，
亦 yi4 also
男子 nan2 zi3 a man,a male
for people
，
不似別家另外用這些`春'`紅'`香'`玉'等艷字的．

似 si4 to seem,to appear,to resemble,similar,-like,pseudo-
pin(别)
or -ian,surname Jia
另外 ling4 wai4 additional,in addition,besides,separate,other,moreover,furthermore
用 yong4 to use
這些 zhe4 xie1 these(这些)
` 春 chun1 spring (time),gay,joyful,youthful,love,lust,life
紅 hong2 bonus,popular,red,revolutionary(红)
玉 yu4 jade
' 等 deng3 class,rank,grade,equal to,same as,to wait for,to await,et cetera,and so
艷 yan4 colorful,splendid,gaudy,amorous,romantic,to envy(艳)
di4 aim,clear
．
何得賈府亦樂此俗套？
何 He2 surname He
to Qing times)
亦 yi4 also
樂 le4 happy,laugh,cheerful,surname Le(乐)
yue4 surname Yue,music(乐)
此 ci3 this,these
俗 su2 custom,convention,popular,common,coarse,vulgar,secular
套 tao4 cover,sheath,to encase,a case,to overlap,to interleave,bend (of a river or
mountain range, in place names),harness,classifier for sets, collections,tau
(Greek letter Ττ)
？
"子興道：

zi5 (noun suffix)
xing4 interest(兴)
：
“不然．
“ 不然 bu4 ran2 not so,no,or else,otherwise,if not

．
只因現今大小姐是正月初一日所生，
:祇: zhi3 but,only
vessels etc
現今 xian4 jin1 now,nowadays,modern(现今)
大小 da4 xiao3 dimension,magnitude,size,measurement
姐 jie3 older sister
正月初一 zheng1 yue4 chu1 yi1 New Year's Day in the lunar calendar
，
故名元春，
for people
，
余者方從了`春'字．

:瞭: liao3 clear
` 春 chun1 spring (time),gay,joyful,youthful,love,lust,life
' 字 zi4 letter,symbol,character,word
．
上一輩的，

輩 bei4 contemporaries,generation,lifetime(辈)
di4 aim,clear
，
卻也是從兄弟而來的．

though(却)
兄弟 xiong1 di4 older and younger brother,brothers,brotherly,fraternal
di4 aim,clear
．
現有對證：

對證 dui4 zheng4 confrontation(对证)
：
目今你貴東家林公之夫人，
目今 mu4 jin1 nowadays,at present,as things stand

你 ni3
貴 gui4 expensive,noble,your (name),precious(贵)
東家 dong1 jia1 master (i.e. employer),landlord,boss(东家)
，
即榮府中赦，

to Qing times)
，
政二公之胞妹，
妹 mei4 younger sister
，
在家時名喚賈敏．
action in progress)
or -ian,surname Jia
for people
敏 min3 quick,nimble,agile,clever,smart
．
不信時，

信 xin4 letter
，
你回去細訪可知。
你 ni3
回去 hui2 qu5 return,go back
訪 fang3 to visit,to call on,to seek,to inquire,to investigate(访)
for emphasis)
。
”雨村拍案笑道：
” 雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
拍案 pai1 an4 lit. to slap the table (in amazement, praise, anger, resentment
etc),fig. astonishing!, wonderful!, dreadful! etc
：
“怪道這女學生讀至凡書中有`敏'字，
“ 怪道 guai4 dao4 no wonder!

(这)
讀 dou4 comma,phrase marked by pause(读)
du2 to read,to study(读)
凡 fan2 ordinary,commonplace,mundane,temporal,of the material world (as opposed to
supernatural or immortal levels),every,all,whatever,altogether,gist,outline,note
of Chinese musical scale
書 shu1 book,letter,same as 書經|书经 Book of History(书)
` 敏 min3 quick,nimble,agile,clever,smart
，
皆念作`密'字，

念 nian4 to read,to study (a degree course),to read aloud,to miss
(sb),idea,remembrance,twenty (banker's anti-fraud numeral corresponding to 廿, 20)
` 密 mi4 secret,confidential,close,thick,dense
，
每每如是，
每每 mei3 mei3 often

，
寫字遇著`敏'字，
寫字 xie3 zi4 to write characters(写字)

ending(着)
` 敏 min3 quick,nimble,agile,clever,smart
，
又減一二筆，

減 jian3 to lower,to decrease,to reduce,to subtract,to diminish(减)
筆 bi3 pen,pencil,writing brush,to write or compose,the strokes of Chinese
characters,classifier for sums of money, deals(笔)
，
我心中就有些疑惑．
我 wo3 I,me,my
有些 you3 xie1 some,somewhat
疑惑 yi2 huo4 to doubt,to distrust,unconvincing,to puzzle
over,misgivings,suspicions
．
今听你說的，
你 ni3
theory)(说)
di4 aim,clear
，
是為此無疑矣．
為此 wei4 ci3 for this reason,with regards to this,in this respect,in order to do
this,to this end(为此)
無疑 wu2 yi2 no doubt,undoubtedly(无疑)
矣 yi3 archaic final particle similar to modern 了
．
怪道我這女學生言語舉止另是一樣，
怪道 guai4 dao4 no wonder!

我 wo3 I,me,my
(这)
言語 yan2 yu3 speech,talk(言语)
舉止 ju3 zhi3 bearing,manner,mien(举止)
另 ling4 other,another,separate,separately
一樣 yi1 yang4 same,like,equal to,the same as,just like(一样)
，
不与近日女子相同，

吗 or 呢)
近日 jin4 ri4 in the past few days,recently,in the last few days
女子 nu:3 zi3 woman,female
相同 xiang1 tong2 identical,same
，
度其母必不凡，
度 du4 to pass,to spend (time),measure,limit,extent,degree of intensity,(classifier

for angles and temperature) degree,(classifier for events and occurrences),
(classifier for electricity) kilowatt-hour
duo2 estimate
不凡 bu4 fan2 out of the ordinary,out of the common run
，
方得其女，

，
今知為榮府之孫，
to Qing times)
，
又不足罕矣，

不足 bu4 zu2 insufficient,lacking,deficiency,not enough,inadequate,not
worth,cannot,should
罕 han3 rare
矣 yi3 archaic final particle similar to modern 了
，
可傷上月竟亡故了。

for emphasis)
傷 shang1 injure,injury,wound(伤)
上月 shang4 yue4 last month
亡 wang2 to die,to perish
:瞭: liao3 clear
。
”子興歎道：
zi5 (noun suffix)
xing4 interest(兴)
：
“老姊妹四個，

四 si4 four,4
，
這一個是极小的，

(这)
极小 :極小: ji2 xiao3 minimal,extremely small
di4 aim,clear
，
又沒了．

沒了 mei2 le5 to be dead,not to be, or cease to exist(没了)
．
長一輩的姊妹，
di4 aim,clear
，
一個也沒了．

沒了 mei2 le5 to be dead,not to be, or cease to exist(没了)
．
只看這小一輩的，
:祇: zhi3 but,only
vessels etc
danger)
(这)
di4 aim,clear
，
將來之東床如何呢。

東 dong1 east,host (i.e. sitting on east side of guest),landlord,surname Dong(东)
床 chuang2 bed,couch,classifier for beds
ni2 woolen material
。
”
雨村道：“正是．方才說這政公，已有銜玉之儿，又有長子所遺一個弱孫．這赦老竟無一個不成？"子興道：“政公
既有玉儿之后，其妾又生了一個，倒不知其好歹．只眼前現有二子一孫，卻不知將來如何．若問那赦公，也有二
子，長名賈璉，今已二十來往了，親上作親，娶的就是政老爹夫人王氏之內侄女，今已娶了二年．這位璉爺身上
現捐的是個同知，也是不肯讀書，于世路上好机變，言談去的，所以如今只在乃叔政老爺家住著，幫著料理些家
務．誰知自娶了他令夫人之后，倒上下無一人不稱頌他夫人的，璉爺倒退了一射之地：說模樣又极標致，言談又
爽利，心机又极深細，竟是個男人不及一的。”
雨村道：
雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
：
“正是．

．
方才說這政公，
theory)(说)
(这)
，
已有銜玉之儿，

玉 yu4 jade
儿 :兒: er2 son
，
又有長子所遺一個弱孫．

遺 yi2 to lose,to leave behind(遗)
弱 ruo4 weak,feeble,young,inferior
．
這赦老竟無一個不成？

(这)
不成 bu4 cheng2 won't do
？
"子興道：

zi5 (noun suffix)
xing4 interest(兴)
：
“政公既有玉儿之后，
“ 政 zheng4 political,politics,government
既有 ji4 you3 existing
玉 yu4 jade
儿 :兒: er2 son
，
其妾又生了一個，

:瞭: liao3 clear
，
倒不知其好歹．

捣),profiteer
tiredness etc)
好歹 hao3 dai3 good and bad,most unfortunate occurrence,in any case,whatever
．
只眼前現有二子一孫，
:祇: zhi3 but,only
vessels etc
眼前 yan3 qian2 now,present
zi5 (noun suffix)
，
卻不知將來如何．

though(却)
tiredness etc)
．
若問那赦公，
，
也有二子，

zi5 (noun suffix)
，
長名賈璉，
for people
璉 lian2 vessel used for grain offerings(琏)
，
今已二十來往了，
二十 er4 shi2 twenty,20
:瞭: liao3 clear
，
親上作親，

，
娶的就是政老爹夫人王氏之內侄女，

di4 aim,clear
爹 die1 dad
之內 zhi1 nei4 inside(之内)
侄女 :姪女: zhi2 nu:3 niece,brother's daughter
，
今已娶了二年．
:瞭: liao3 clear
年 nian2 year
．
這位璉爺身上現捐的是個同知，
這位 zhe4 wei4 this (person)(这位)

身上 shen1 shang4 on the body
捐 juan1 to contribute,to donate,contribution,tax,to abandon
di4 aim,clear
，
也是不肯讀書，

不肯 bu4 ken3 not willing
，
于世路上好机變，

路上 lu4 shang5 on the road,on a journey,road surface
readiness)
hao4 to be fond of
机 :機: ji1 machine,engine,opportunity,intention,aircraft,pivot,crucial
point,flexible (quick-witted),organic,surname Ji
變 bian4 to change,to become different,to transform,to vary,rebellion(变)
，
言談去的，
言談 yan2 tan2 discourse,words,utterance,what one says,manner of speech(言谈)

di4 aim,clear
，
所以如今只在乃叔政老爺家住著，

:祇: zhi3 but,only
vessels etc
action in progress)
叔 shu1 uncle,father's younger brother,husband's younger brother,Taiwan pr. shu2
老爺 lao3 ye5 (respectful) lord,master,(informal) maternal grandfather(老爷)
or -ian,surname Jia
ending(着)
，
幫著料理些家務．
幫 bang1 to help,to assist,to support,for sb (i.e. as a help),hired (as

worker),side (of pail, boat etc),outer layer,group,gang,clique,party,secret
society(帮)
ending(着)
料理 liao4 li3 to arrange,to handle,the ordinary Japanese word for cooking,cuisine
(esp. foreign restaurants)
家務 jia1 wu4 household duties,housework(家务)
．
誰知自娶了他令夫人之后，

知)
:瞭: liao3 clear
他 ta1 he,him
，
倒上下無一人不稱頌他夫人的，

捣),profiteer
上下 shang4 xia4 up and down,top and bottom,old and new,length,about
稱頌 cheng1 song4 praise(称颂)
他 ta1 he,him
di4 aim,clear
，
璉爺倒退了一射之地：

倒退 dao4 tui4 to fall back,to go in reverse
:瞭: liao3 clear
射 she4 to shoot,to launch,to allude to,radio- (chem.)
：
說模樣又极標致，

theory)(说)
模樣 mu2 yang4 look,style,appearance,approximation,about(模样)
標致 Biao1 zhi4 Peugeot(标致)
biao1 zhi5 beautiful (of woman),pretty(标致)
，
言談又爽利，
言談 yan2 tan2 discourse,words,utterance,what one says,manner of speech(言谈)

爽利 shuang3 li4 efficient,brisk,neat
，
心机又极深細，
心机 :心機: xin1 ji1 thinking,one's mind

，
竟是個男人不及一的。

男人 nan2 ren2 a man,a male,men
di4 aim,clear
。
”
雨村听了，笑道：“可知我前言不謬．你我方才所說的這几個人，都只怕是那正邪兩賦而來一路之人，未可知
也。”子興道：“邪也罷，正也罷，只顧算別人家的帳，你也吃一杯酒才好。”雨村道：“正是，只顧說話，竟多吃
了几杯。”子興笑道：“說著別人家的閒話，正好下酒，即多吃几杯何妨。”雨村向窗外看道：“天也晚了，仔細關
了城．我們慢慢的進城再談，未為不可。”于是，二人起身，算還酒帳．方欲走時，又听得后面有人叫道：“雨村
兄，恭喜了！特來報個喜信的。”雨村忙回頭看時-
雨村听了，
雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
:瞭: liao3 clear
，
笑道：
：
“可知我前言不謬．
“ 可 ke3 can,may,able to,to approve,to permit,certain(ly),to suit,very (particle

used for emphasis)
我 wo3 I,me,my
前言 qian2 yan2 preface,forward,introduction
謬 miu4 to deceive,to confuse,to cheat,absurd,erroneous(谬)
．
你我方才所說的這几個人，
你 ni3
我方 wo3 fang1 our side,we
theory)(说)
di4 aim,clear
(这)
几 ji1 small table
:幾: ji1 almost
個人 ge4 ren2 individual,personal,oneself(个人)
，
都只怕是那正邪兩賦而來一路之人，

:祇: zhi3 but,only
vessels etc
怕 pa4 to be afraid,to fear
正邪 zheng4 xie2
賦 fu4 poetic essay,taxation,bestow on,endow with(赋)
一路 yi1 lu4 the whole journey; all the way,going the same way; going in the same
direction
，
未可知也。

。
”子興道：

zi5 (noun suffix)
xing4 interest(兴)
：
“邪也罷，
也罷 ye3 ba4 Whether... or...,word indicating acceptance(也罢)

，
正也罷，

zero,principle
也罷 ye3 ba4 Whether... or...,word indicating acceptance(也罢)
，
只顧算別人家的帳，
只顧 zhi3 gu4 solely preoccupied (with one thing),engrossed,focusing (on sth),to

look after only one aspect(只顾)
算 suan4 regard as,to figure,to calculate,to compute
別人 bie2 ren2 other people,others,other person(别人)
or -ian,surname Jia
di4 aim,clear
帳 zhang4 account,mosquito net,tent,curtain,debt,credit(帐)
，
你也吃一杯酒才好。
你 ni3
exhaust
ji2 stammer
readiness)
hao4 to be fond of
。
”雨村道：
” 雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
：
“正是，

，
只顧說話，
只顧 zhi3 gu4 solely preoccupied (with one thing),engrossed,focusing (on sth),to

look after only one aspect(只顾)
說話 shuo1 hua4 to speak,to say,to talk,to gossip,to tell stories,talk,word(说话)
，
竟多吃了几杯。

exhaust
ji2 stammer
:瞭: liao3 clear
几 ji1 small table
:幾: ji1 almost
。
”子興笑道：

zi5 (noun suffix)
xing4 interest(兴)
：
“說著別人家的閒話，
“ 說 shui4 to canvass,to persuade(说)

theory)(说)
ending(着)
別人 bie2 ren2 other people,others,other person(别人)
or -ian,surname Jia
di4 aim,clear
閒話 xian2 hua4 digression,gossip,complaint,scandal(闲话)
，
正好下酒，
正好 zheng4 hao3 just (in time),just right,just enough,to happen to,to chance to,by
chance,it just so happens that
decline,to go down
，
即多吃几杯何妨。

exhaust
ji2 stammer
几 ji1 small table
:幾: ji1 almost
何 He2 surname He
妨 fang2 hinder,harm
。
”雨村向窗外看道：
” 雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
向 xiang4 direction,orientation,to face,to turn toward,to,towards,shortly
before,formerly,to side with,to be partial to,all along (previously),surname Xiang
窗 chuang1 shutter,window
danger)
：
“天也晚了，
“ 天 tian1 day,sky,heaven
晚 wan3 evening,night,late
:瞭: liao3 clear
，
仔細關了城．
仔細 zi3 xi4 careful,attentive,cautious(仔细)

關 guan1 mountain pass,to close,to shut,to turn off,to concern,to involve,surname
Guan(关)
:瞭: liao3 clear
．
我們慢慢的進城再談，
我們 wo3 men5 we,us,ourselves,our(我们)

慢慢 man4 man4 slowly
di4 aim,clear
進城 jin4 cheng2 to go to town,to enter a big city (to live or work)(进城)
談 tan2 to speak,to talk,to converse,to chat,to discuss,surname Tan(谈)
，
未為不可。
未 wei4 not yet,did not,have not,not,8th earthly branch: 1-3 p.m., 6th solar month
(7th July-6th August), year of the Sheep
。
”于是，
” 于是 :於是: yu2 shi4 thereupon,as a result,consequently,thus,hence

，
二人起身，

，
算還酒帳．
算 suan4 regard as,to figure,to calculate,to compute

帳 zhang4 account,mosquito net,tent,curtain,debt,credit(帐)
．
方欲走時，

走 zou3 to walk,to go,to run,to move (of vehicle),to visit,to leave,to go away,to
die (euph.),from,through,away (in compound verbs, such as 撤走),to change (shape,
form, meaning)
，
又听得后面有人叫道：

后面 :後面: hou4 mian5 rear,back,behind,later,afterwards
有人 you3 ren2 someone,people,anyone,there is someone there,occupied (as in
restroom)
passive mood)
：
“雨村兄，
“ 雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
兄 xiong1 elder brother
，
恭喜了！
恭喜 gong1 xi3 congratulations,greetings

:瞭: liao3 clear
！
特來報個喜信的。
特 te4 special,unique,distinguished,especially,unusual,very
報 bao4 to announce,to inform,report,newspaper,recompense,revenge(报)
信 xin4 letter
di4 aim,clear
。
”雨村忙回頭看時-
” 雨 yu3 rain
村 cun1 village
回頭 hui2 tou2 to turn round,to turn one's head,later,by and by(回头)
danger)
-

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第二回

第二 di4 er4 second,number two,next

賈 Jia3 surname Jia(贾)

一局 yi1 ju2 inning

香 xiang1 fragrant,incense,(of food) savory,appetizing,sweet,scented,popular

那些 na4 xie1 those

“ 快 kuai4 rapid,quick,speed,rate,soon,shortly,quick-witted,clever,sharp (of

" 封 Feng1 surname Feng

只有 zhi3 you3 only

不知 bu4 zhi1 not to know,unaware,unknowingly,fig. not to admit (defeat, hardships,

" 那些 na4 xie1 those

“ 我們 wo3 men5 we,us,ourselves,our(我们)

便 bian4 ordinary,plain,convenient,as convenient,when the chance

省得 sheng3 de5 to avoid,so as to save (money or time)

不容 bu4 rong2 not tolerate,not allow,not brook,to not welcome

大家 da4 jia1 authority,everyone

封 Feng1 surname Feng

不知 bu4 zhi1 not to know,unaware,unknowingly,fig. not to admit (defeat, hardships,

那天 na4 tian1 that day,the other day

眾人 zhong4 ren2 everyone(众人)

“ 原來 yuan2 lai2 original,former,originally,formerly,at first,so... actually(原来)

本 ben3 roots or stems of plants,origin,source,this,the

曾 ceng2 once,already,former,previously,(past tense marker used before verb or

所以 suo3 yi3 therefore,as a result,so

又 you4 (once) again,also,both... and...,again

太爺 tai4 ye2 (respectful for) one's grandfather,sb's father,older people,the head

' 說 shui4 to canvass,to persuade(说)

臨 lin2 to face,to overlook,to arrive,to be (just) about to,just before(临)

” 甄 zhen1 to distinguish,surname Zhen

不免 bu4 mian3 unavoidable

一 yi1 one,1,single,a (article),as soon as,entire,whole,all,throughout

答謝 da2 xie4 to express one's thanks(答谢)

又 you4 (once) again,also,both... and...,again

封 Feng1 surname Feng

便 bian4 ordinary,plain,convenient,as convenient,when the chance

外 wai4 outside,in addition,foreign,external

令 ling4 make or cause to be,order,command,decree,honorable

封 Feng1 surname Feng

便是 bian4 shi4 (emphasizes that sth is precisely or exactly as

便 bian4 ordinary,plain,convenient,as convenient,when the chance

誰 shei2 who,also pronounced shui2(谁)

不 bu4 (negative prefix),not,no

又 you4 (once) again,also,both... and...,again

正是 zheng4 shi4 (emphasizes that sth is precisely or exactly as

便 bian4 ordinary,plain,convenient,as convenient,when the chance

原來 yuan2 lai2 original,former,originally,formerly,at first,so... actually(原来)

不料 bu4 liao4 unexpectedly,to one's surprise

已 yi3 already,to stop,then,afterwards

選入 xuan3 ru4 selected (for admission),elected(选入)

那些 na4 xie1 those

不 bu4 (negative prefix),not,no

便 bian4 ordinary,plain,convenient,as convenient,when the chance

作 zuo4 to do,to make,to regard as,to take sb for

參 can1 take part in,participate,join,attend,to join,unequal,varied,irregular,to

擅 shan4 without authority,to usurp,to arrogate to oneself,to monopolize,expert

大怒 da4 nu4 angry,indignant

即 ji2 namely,that is,i.e.,prompt,at once,at present,even if,prompted (by the

該 gai1 that,the above-mentioned,most likely,to deserve,should,ought to,owe(该)

本 ben3 roots or stems of plants,origin,source,this,the

那 na3 variant of 哪,how,which

卻 que4 but,yet,however,while,to go back,to decline,to retreat,nevertheless,even

仍 reng2 still,yet,to remain

交代 jiao1 dai4 to hand over,to explain,to make clear