ECMC 1T5C: Mobile Satellite Communications Unit I Mobile Communication System Evolution Historical Perspective, Cellular Systems, basic

concepts, first-generation (1G) systems, second generation (2G) systems. Cordless telephones, background, cordless telephone-2 (CT-2), digital enhanced cordless telecommunications (DECT), Personal handy phone systems(PHS). Third generation systems (3G). Unit-II, Mobile Satellite Systems Introduction, current status, network architecture, operational frequency, logical channels, orbital types. Geostationary satellite systems- general characteristics, Inmarsat, EUTELSAT, Asia Cellular satellite, THURAYA and other systems. Little LEO systems- regulatory back ground, ORBCOMM, E-SAT, LEO ONE, other systems. Satellite personal communication networks (S-PCN)-general characteristics, IRIDIUM, GLOBALSTAR, NEW ICO, constellation communications, Ellipso. Unit-III Constellation Characteristics and Orbital Parameters Satellite motion- historical context, proof of Keplers first law, second law, Keplers third law, satellite velocity. Satellite location- parameters, location in the orbital plane- sat. location w.r.t the rotating earth, w.r.t celestial sphere, w.r.t satellite-centered spherical co-ordinates, w.r.t look angles, geostationary satellite location. Orbital perturbation- general discussion. Effects of moon, sun, oblate earth, atmospheric drag. Satellite constellation design. Unit-IV Channel Characteristics Introduction, land mobile channel characteristics- local environment, norrowband channel models, wide band channel models. Aeronautical link, maritime link, fixed link- tropospheric and ionospheric effects. Unit V Radio Link Design Introduction, link budget analysis. Modulation-overview, Phase shift Keying, minimum shift keying, QAM. Channel coding- Back ground, block codes, convolution codes, interleaving, concatenated codes, turbocodes, automatic repeat request schemes. Multiple Access- Purpose, FDMA, TDMA, CDMA, contention access scheme. Unit-VI : Network Procedures Introduction, signaling protocols- overview of GSM signaling protocol architecture, S-PCN interfaces and signaling protocol architecture. Mobility management- satellite cells and location areas, location management, handover management. Resource management- objectives, effects of satellite system characteristics, mobility, resource allocation strategies, network operations and procedures. Unit-VII: Integrated Terrestrial-Satellite Mobile Networks Introduction, integration with PSTN- introduction, gateway functions and operations, protocol architecture of SSN7, Access functions. Integration with GSM- requirements, scenarios, impact of integration scenarios on the- handover procedure, location management procedure, call set-up procedure. The role of dual-mode terminal in terrestrial/S-PCN integration. Integration with third

generation(3G) networks- concept of interworking units, radio dependent and radio independent concept, satellite integration with-GSM/EDGE-a GERAN approach, UMTS-a UTRAN approach. Unit-VIII Future Developments Introduction, super GEO,s, non-Geostationary satellites, hybrid constellations, mobile-broad band satellite services, mobile IP, transmission control protocol (TCP), fixed-mobile convergence, high altitude platforms, location based service delivery. Text Books 1. Mobile Satellite Communications, M.Richharia, Pearson Education, 2003. 2. Mobile Satellite Communication Networks, Ray E. Sheriff & Y.Fun Hu, John Wiley & Sons Inc. 2007. 3. Digital Satellite Communications, Tri T.Ha., 2nd Ed., Tata McGraw-Hill, 2009. Reference Books 1. Mobile Communications, Jochen H.Schiller, 2nd Ed., Pearson Education, 2011. 2. Satellite Communication Systems Engineering, 2nd Ed., W.L.Pritchard, H.G.Suyderhoud & R.A.Nelson, Pearson Education.

Removing bypass capacitor across the emitter-leg resistor in a CE amplifier causes (A) increase in current gain. (B) decrease in current gain. (C) increase in voltage gain. (D)decrease in voltage gain. Ans: D The important characteristic of emitter-follower is (A) high input impedance and high output impedance (B) high input impedance and low output impedance (C) low input impedance and low output impedance (D) low input impedance and high output impedance Ans: B Transistor is a (A) Current controlled current device. (B) Current controlled voltage device. (C) Voltage controlled current device. (D) Voltage controlled voltage device. Ans. (A) The output current depends on the input current The lowest output impedance is obtained in case of BJT amplifiers for (A) CB configuration. (B) CE configuration. (C) CC configuration. (D) CE with RE configuration. Ans. (C) The output impedance in case of CC configuration is on the order of a few ohms. (In case of CB _ 450k_ and in case of CE _ 45k_) What is the range of the input impedance of a common-base configuration? A.A few ohms to a maximum of 50 B. 1 k to 5 k C. 100 k to 500 k 1 M to 2 M Ans. (A) D.