PDF

Module 7: COMPUTERISED LAYOUT PLANNING
http://nptel.ac.in/courses/Webcourse-contents/IIT-Delhi/project and production management/mo...
Module 7 : COMPUTERISED LAYOUT PLANNING

Next Page >>
LAYOUT PLANNINGPACKAGES
CONSTRUCTION PROGRAMS - CORELAP - ALDEP - PLANET, LSP, LAYOPT, RMA Comp I IMPROVEMENT PROGRAMS - CRAFT - RUGR (based on graph theory)

<< Prev Page Next Page >>
ALDEP AUTOMATED LAYOUT DESIGN PROGRAM

Development within IBM
Seehof, J.M and W.O. Evans Automated Layout Design Program:, The Journal of Industrial Engineering, Vol 18, No. 12, 1967, pp 690 - 695.

ALDEP based on closeness Ratings

A E I O U X 0 = 64 = 16 =4 =1 =0 = -1,024
1 de 14
22/04/2014 04:12 p.m.

Scoring Pattern of ALDEP

For a Cell (0) the scores of all eight neighbours areadded together (as per REL chart) Then the cell (0) is deleted so that it is not counted again. We then proceed to the next cell till all cells are exhausted. The final cumulative score is the Layout Score
2 1 8 3 0 7 4 5 6

Inputs Requirements for ALDEP

Length, Width and area requirements for each floor. Scale of layout printout (max 30x50) No. of depts. in the layout No. of layouts to be generated Minimum allowable score for an acceptable layout. Minimum dept. preference (A or E) REL chart for the depts. Location and size of restricted area for each floor.

Vertical Scanning Pattern for placing depts. in ALDEP
2 de 14
22/04/2014 04:12 p.m.

Mechanism of ALDEP
(a) 1st dept placed randomly. (b) Scan the REL chart for a dept with A,E rating (min dept preference) continue this step till no such dept exists. (c) Pick up the next dept. in a random fashion and again proceed by scanning the REL chart [step (b)].
Module 7 : An Example of ALDEP

The Available Space
3 de 14
22/04/2014 04:12 p.m.
<< Prev Page
Next Page >>
Placement of 1st Department

Placement of 2nd Department

Placement of 3rd Department
4 de 14
22/04/2014 04:12 p.m.

Placement of 4th Department

Final Layout

5 de 14
22/04/2014 04:12 p.m.
Features of CORELAP
Retain the rectangular shape of each department. The layout is built around a central department. Placement and choice based on the total and current placement ratio. The final layout may end up with irregular boundaries.

CRAFT
Computerized Relative Allocation of Facilities Technique
Armour, G.C. and E.S.Buffa, A Heuristic Algorithm and Simulation Approach to Relative Location of Facilities Management Science, Vol 9, No. 1, 1963, pp 294-309 Buffa, E.S, G.C. Armour and T.E. Vollman Allocating Facilities with CRAFT Harvard Business Review, Vol 42, No.2, 1964, pp 136 - 159.
Module 7 : An Example of CRAFT

<< Prev Page Next page >>
An Example of CRAFT:
Product Processing sequence 1 2 3 ABCBCD ACBD ACBCBD Daily production 100 50 200 No of items in trolley 5 5 40 Trolley loads/ day 20 10 5
6 de 14
22/04/2014 04:12 p.m.

Initial Layout
From/ To
A D
A 1 2 1
B 1 1 2
C 2 1 1
D 1 2 1 -
A B C D
Distance Matrix for initial layout (Assuming Rectilinear Distances)

Load Matrix
From/ To A B C D A B 20 45 C 15 45 D 15 20 -

Unit Cost Matrix

From/ To A B C D A 1 2 1 B 1 1 1 C 2 1 1 D 1 1 1 -
7 de 14
22/04/2014 04:12 p.m.

Load x Unit Cost Matrix (Flow Matrix)

From/ To A B C D A 1 2 1 00 B 1 1 1 65 C 2 1 1 75 D 1 1 1 50 60 65 00 35

Initial Layout (Distance Matrix)

From/ To A B C D A 1 2 1 B 1 1 2 C 2 1 1 D 1 2 1 -

Material Handling Effort for Initial Layout

From/To A B A B 20 C 30 45 D 15 From/To A B A 1 B 1 C 2 D 1 2
8 de 14
22/04/2014 04:12 p.m.
C D From/ To A B C D
45 A -
20 B 20 90 110
C D C 60 45 105
2 1
1 2 D 30 20 50
1 80 75 110 00 265
1 -
00

Pair wise Exchanges

Alternative 1 (Distance Matrix)

From/ To A B C D A 1 1 2 B 1 2 1 C 1 2 1 D 2 1 1 -
Material Handling Effort = Flow x Distance Matrix = 220
9 de 14
22/04/2014 04:12 p.m.
<< Prev Page
Next Page >>
Alternative 2(Distance Matrix)

From/ To A B C D A 1 2 1 B 1 1 2 C 2 1 1 D 1 2 1 -


From/ To A B C D A 2 1 1 B 2 1 1 C 1 1 2 D 1 1 2 -
Module 7 : LAYOUT PLANNING


From/ To A B C D A 2 1 1 B 2 1 1 C 1 1 2 D 1 1 2 -
10 de 14
22/04/2014 04:12 p.m.


From/ To A B C D A 1 2 1 B 1 1 2 C 2 1 1 D 1 2 1 -

Alternative 6 (Distance Matrix)

From/ To A B C D A 1 1 2 B 1 2 1 C 1 2 1 D 2 1 1 -

Pair wise Exchanges
11 de 14
22/04/2014 04:12 p.m.

Limitations of CRAFT CRAFT yields a good heuristic solution that does not guarantee optimality This is because not all (n!) combinations are evaluated, but only (nC2) pair-wise exchange options are considered. In case departments are on unequal size, their centroids are exchanged which can result in irregular shapes of departments

Factorial Growth n 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 0 1 3 6 10 15 21 28 36 45 55 66 n! 1 2 4 24 120 720 5040 40320 362880 3628800 39916800 479001600

12 de 14
22/04/2014 04:12 p.m.

Summary of the CRAFT procedure This example demonstrates one iteration of the basic CRAFT procedure The best layout so produced is compared with the starting layout. If it is inferior to the starting layout, the starting layout is declared optimal and the search stops Otherwise a new iteration with the discovered layout as the starting node is initiated

<< Prev Page TOP
Conclusions Computer packages for layout planning -Construction programs (ALDEP, CORELAP) -Improvement programs (CRAFT) Based on SLP procedure -Activity relationships -Material Handling Effort Good for generation of alternative layouts Limitations of irregular shapes, ignoring realistic constraints.
13 de 14
22/04/2014 04:12 p.m.
14 de 14
22/04/2014 04:12 p.m.

PDF

Caricato da

Informazioni sul documento

Titolo originale

Copyright

Formati disponibili

Condividi questo documento

Condividi o incorpora il documento

Opzioni di condivisione

Hai trovato utile questo documento?

Questo contenuto è inappropriato?

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

PDF

Caricato da

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

Module 7: COMPUTERISED LAYOUT PLANNING

http://nptel.ac.in/courses/Webcourse-contents/IIT-Delhi/project and production management/mo...

Module 7 : COMPUTERISED LAYOUT PLANNING

Module 7 : COMPUTERISED LAYOUT PLANNING

ALDEP AUTOMATED LAYOUT DESIGN PROGRAM

Module 7 : COMPUTERISED LAYOUT PLANNING

ALDEP based on closeness Ratings

22/04/2014 04:12 p.m.

Module 7: COMPUTERISED LAYOUT PLANNING

http://nptel.ac.in/courses/Webcourse-contents/IIT-Delhi/project and production management/mo...

Module 7 : COMPUTERISED LAYOUT PLANNING

Scoring Pattern of ALDEP

Module 7 : COMPUTERISED LAYOUT PLANNING

Inputs Requirements for ALDEP

Module 7 : COMPUTERISED LAYOUT PLANNING

Vertical Scanning Pattern for placing depts. in ALDEP

22/04/2014 04:12 p.m.

Module 7: COMPUTERISED LAYOUT PLANNING

http://nptel.ac.in/courses/Webcourse-contents/IIT-Delhi/project and production management/mo...

Module 7 : COMPUTERISED LAYOUT PLANNING

Module 7 : An Example of ALDEP

The Available Space

Module 7 : An Example of ALDEP

22/04/2014 04:12 p.m.

Module 7: COMPUTERISED LAYOUT PLANNING

http://nptel.ac.in/courses/Webcourse-contents/IIT-Delhi/project and production management/mo...

<< Prev Page

Next Page >>

Placement of 1st Department

Module 7 : An Example of ALDEP

Placement of 2nd Department

Module 7 : An Example of ALDEP

Placement of 3rd Department

22/04/2014 04:12 p.m.

Module 7: COMPUTERISED LAYOUT PLANNING

http://nptel.ac.in/courses/Webcourse-contents/IIT-Delhi/project and production management/mo...

Module 7 : An Example of ALDEP

Placement of 4th Department

Module 7 : An Example of ALDEP

Module 7 : COMPUTERISED LAYOUT PLANNING

22/04/2014 04:12 p.m.

Module 7: COMPUTERISED LAYOUT PLANNING

http://nptel.ac.in/courses/Webcourse-contents/IIT-Delhi/project and production management/mo...

Module 7 : COMPUTERISED LAYOUT PLANNING

Module 7 : An Example of CRAFT

22/04/2014 04:12 p.m.

Module 7: COMPUTERISED LAYOUT PLANNING

http://nptel.ac.in/courses/Webcourse-contents/IIT-Delhi/project and production management/mo...

Module 7 : An Example of CRAFT

Distance Matrix for initial layout (Assuming Rectilinear Distances)

Module 7 : An Example of CRAFT

Module 7 : An Example of CRAFT

Unit Cost Matrix

22/04/2014 04:12 p.m.

Module 7: COMPUTERISED LAYOUT PLANNING

http://nptel.ac.in/courses/Webcourse-contents/IIT-Delhi/project and production management/mo...

Module 7 : An Example of CRAFT

Load x Unit Cost Matrix (Flow Matrix)

Module 7 : COMPUTERISED LAYOUT PLANNING

Initial Layout (Distance Matrix)

Module 7 : COMPUTERISED LAYOUT PLANNING

Material Handling Effort for Initial Layout

22/04/2014 04:12 p.m.