Class 7: The Columbian Exchange

Pre-Columbian Petroglyph Post-Columbian Petroglyph

Opening uestion: !hat "i" you ha#e $or brea%$ast to"ay&

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!hat "i" you ha#e $or brea%$ast to"ay& 'Choose one(

1)

*omething at *tarbuc%s Co$$ee or tea +ith cream or sugar Cereal +ith mil% Toast- .agel- or mu$$in 0othing Other
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1)

Test prep an" re#ie+ !hat are the plains 2n"ians such as the Comanche %no+n Their co"exes that $or&
recor"e" rulers an" important "ates) 3"opting European horses to their hunting an" gathering +ay o$ li$e) .eing the $irst group to encounter Christopher Columbus)
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*prea"ing mai4e agriculture $rom 0e+ 5exico to the rest o$ the continent) 4/22/14

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Can you remember the $ourth myth about 0ati#e 3merica&

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5yth 4 '2n"ians became extinct(

3nother myth about 2n"ians is that they ha#e become #irtually extinct) This is especially the case in the Caribbean) 3lthough e#eryone "i" not "ie- most

9ast class : $ocuse" on 0ati#e 3merica To"ay : 3$rica- Europe- an" Early Contacts

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<ate ! >an 22

Topic

=ea"ing ?59- Chapter 2- beginnings o$ english america ?59

3ssignment

;nit 1

?59 re#ie+ an" response Extra cre"it -- $irst opportunity 0otes <ay ma%e-up : last opportunity

@ >an 24

5 >an 27 ! >an 26

@ >an ,1 5 @eb , ! @eb /

3T@- Chapter 2- *er#ing time in 3T@ response opportunity 'you #irginia can "o a maximum o$ $our o$ these $or cre"it( gml- chapter ,- creating anglo?59 extra cre"it ma%e-up :last america opportunity 3T@- Chapter ,- The #isible an" 3T@ response opportunity 'you in#isible +orl"s o$ salem can "o a maximum o$ $our o$ these $or cre"it( gml- chapter ,- creating angloamerica 0o =ea"ing Test TE*T 1

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The other si"e o$ the 3tlantic

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3$rica

@ula To+n in !est 3$rica

2002 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning is a trademark used herein under icense.

Timbu%tu

Europe: *pain an" Portugal '2beria(

@er"inan" an" 2sabella unite *pain Competition +ith Portugal

?oal +as to get control o$ the spice tra"e Expan" sugar culti#ation

Canary 2slan"s

Christopher Columbus

2talian 5arries into Portuguese $amily 3$rica to 0orth 3tlantic

On a scale $rom 1-4 '1 being the lo+est an" 4 the highest( rate your #ie+ o$ Christopher Columbus) !hy&
1) 2) ,) 4)

1 2 , 4
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3 hero&

3 #illain&

3 more complex portrait:

Christian
A?o" ma"e me the messenger o$ the ne+ hea#en an" the ne+ earth o$ +hich he spo%e in the 3pocalypse o$ *t) >ohn a$ter ha#ing spo%en o$ it through the mouth o$ the prophet 2saiahB an" he sho+e" me the post +here to $in" it)C

*ailor

2717 miles to >apan Or 12-777&

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@irst Doyage to 3merica

Contract +ith %ing an" Eueen ?o#ernor 2/77 "ucats 'merchant $un"e"(

Exchanges an" Early Encounters

@irst 2mpressions

ATimi"C Achil"li%eC AgenerousC Ahan"someC Ana%e"C '1,G(

9a 0a#i"a"

*anta 5aria sin%s ?uacanagari ,6 *paniar"s le$t

*econ" Doyage

17 ships 1277 men 3t 0a#i"a": @ort burne" an" ,6 "ea"

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Problems

*panish ri#alries 2n"ian exploitation

Encomien"a =epartimiento

O#er 678 "ie Columbus has to ans+er charges in *pain

!ho +as critical o$ the *paniar"s at the time& HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH

The Ablac% legen"C

1)

2n"igenous people Other European countries 'especially the Protestant .ritish( *panish themsel#es

2)

,)

.artolome "e las Casas

A2 belie#e the abo#e clearly "emonstrates that the 2n"ians +ere totally "epri#e" o$ their $ree"om an" +ere put in the harshest $iercest- most horrible ser#itu"e an" capti#ity +hich no one +ho has not seen it can un"erstan") E#en beasts enIoy more $ree"om +hen they are allo+e" to gra4e in the $iel"s) .ut our *paniar"s ga#e no such opportunity to 2n"ians an" truly consi"ere" them perpetual sla#es)C

Protestant Europe

Europe in 1/17 '!estern Europe J Catholic(

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The Catholic Church an" Papacy

Dano4a "ei Cattani Pope 3lexan"er D2'main mistress( 1462-1/7, @our '=o"eric% .orgia( ac%no+le"ge" chil"ren : at least t+o others

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Treaty o$ Tor"esillas- 1464

Map 1.2,

Protestant =e$ormation an" 5artin 9uther '1/17(

6/ theses 2n"ulgence *al#ation through ?o"Ks grace an" $aith in >esus 0ot goo" +or%s

The Protestant *ects

Puritans/Cal#inists ua%ers/@rien"s Presbyterians .aptists

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Lenry D222 an" the 3nglican Church 1461-1/47

Catherine o$ 3ragon '3nnulle"("aughter 5ary

3nne .oleyn '.ehea"e"("aughter Eli4abeth : accuse" o$ a"ultery also her sister 5ary ha" been the MingKs 4/22/14 mistress

Europe a$ter the =e$ormation

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E#en more complexityN)

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3 '#ery basic( religion chart $or early 5o"ern Europe

All are Catholic x-tian
Leader or founder Church format Pope (Rome)

Lutheran
Martin Luther ( erman)

Anglican
!enr" #$$$ (%ngland)

Calvinist
&ohn Calvin ('rench) Church )ased (Congregational . Pres)"terian split)

!ierarch" (ith arch)ishops* )ishops* priests

+ifferent churches !ierarch" (ith and conferences arch)ishops etc, appointed )" -ing,

-e" principles

/ sacraments 0alvation through faith* love* and good (or1s Ritual )ased

Retain some sacraments and liturg" 0alvation through faith alone 0cripture )ased

/ sacraments 0alvation through through faith* love* and good (or1s

2o sacraments 0alvation through faith alone (predestination)

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Europe in 1/17

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3 timeline re#ie+

Timeline 1,

The +orl" in the mi" 1/77s an" early 1177s

3t $irst expansion o$ *panish an" Portuguese Empires 9ater @rench<utch- an" English Expansion

The beginnings o$ ?lobali4ation

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World Map 1, p.4-

The Columbian Exchange

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The Columbian Exchange '3l$re" !) Crosby(

Iaguar

leopar"

tapir

elephant

rattlesna%e

camel

0e+ !orl" crops

5ai4e !hite potatoes *+eet potatoes 5anioc Peanuts Tomatoes *Euash Pineapples Papaya 3#oca"os

Ol" !orl" crops

Rice Wheat Barle !at" R e T#rnip" !nion" $a%%a&e 'ett#ce (eache" (ear" )#&ar

0e+ +orl" "omesticate" animals

<ogs 9lamas ?uinea pigs @o+l

Ol" +orl" "omesticate" animals

<ogs Lorses <on%eys Pigs Cattle ?oats *heep .arnyar" $o+l

<iseases

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@rom *ahagun:

an epi"emic bro%e out- a sic%ness o$ pustules) 2t began in Tepeilhuitl) 9arge bumps sprea" on peopleB some +ere entirely co#ere") ) ) )OThe #ictimsP coul" no longer +al% about- but lay in their "+ellings an" sleeping places- ) ) ) 3n" +hen they ma"e a motion- they calle" out lou"ly) The pustules that co#ere" people cause" great "esolationB #ery many people "ie" o$ them- an" many Iust star#e" to "eathB star#ation reigne"an" no one too% care o$ others any longer)
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