SECTION 15890

HVAC DUCTWORK
1. PART 1 - GENERAL
1.01 SECTION INCLUDES
A.

The Work shall consist of furnishing and installation

of all HVAC ductwork as shown on the drawings and
specified in this section.

1.02 REFERENCES
A.

B.

C.

D.

SMACNA - Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors'

National Association
SMACNA

HVAC Duct Construction Standards, Metal and

Flexible, Second Edition - 1995.

SMACNA

HVAC System Duct Design, Third Edition 1990.

SMACNA

Fire,
Smoke
and
Radiation
Damper
Installation Guide for HVAC System, Fourth
Edition - 1992.

ASHRAE - American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and

Air Conditioning Engineers
ASHRAE

Handbook, Systems and Equipment Volume;

Chapter 16, Duct Construction, dated 1996

ASHRAE

Handbook,
Systems,
Volume; Chapter 17, Air
Equipment, dated 1996

ASHRAE 70

Method of Testing for Rating Air

Performance of Outlets and Inlets.

Equipment
Diffusing
Flow

NFPA - National Fire Protection Association

NFPA 90A

Standard for the Installation of

Conditioning and Ventilating Systems.

Air

NFPA 90B

Standard for the Installation of Warm Air

Heating and Air Conditioning Systems.

UL - Underwriters Laboratories, Inc.

UL-555

Fire Dampers and Ceiling Dampers.

15890-1
HVAC Ductwork

E.

ARI - Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute

ARI 650

Standard for Air Outlets and Inlets.

1.03 SUBMITTAL
A.

Product Data: Submit manufacturer's technical product

data and installation instructions for metal ductwork
materials and accessories.

B.

Shop Drawings: Submit scaled layout drawings of metal

ductwork and fittings including, but not limited
to, duct sizes,
locations,
elevations,
and
slopes
of horizontal
runs, wall
and
floor penetrations,
and connections. Show
interface
and
spatial relationship between
ductwork
and
proximate
equipment.
Show
modifications
of
indicated
requirements,
made
to conform to
local
shop
practice,
and
how those modifications
ensure that free area,
materials,
and
rigidity are not reduced.

C.

As-Built Drawings: At project closeout, submit as-built

drawings of installed ductwork, duct accessories, and
outlets and inlets.

D.

Maintenance Data: Submit maintenance data and

lists for metal ductwork materials and products.

parts

1.04 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A.

Ductwork shall comply with the requirements of NFPA

90A; Standard for the Installation of Air Conditioning
and Ventilation System.

B.

Comply with NFPA 96; Standard for the Installation of

Equipments for the Removal of Smoke and Grease-laden
Vapors of Commercial Cooking Equipment - Chapter 3;
Duct System for kitchen hood duct systems.

2. PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.01 DUCTWORK MATERIALS
A.

General: HVAC duct design shall be in accordance

with applicable requirements of ASHRAE, SMACNA, NFPA
and UL codes and Standards.

B.

Exposed Ductwork Materials: Where ductwork is indicated

to be exposed to view in occupied spaces, provide
materials which are free
from visual
imperfections including
pitting,
seam
marks,
roller
marks, oil canning, stains
and
discolorations,
and
other
imperfections, including
those which
would
impair painting.
15890-2
HVAC Ductwork

C.

Sheet Metal: Except as otherwise indicated, fabricate

ductwork from galvanized sheet steel
complying
with ASTI A 527, lockforming quality, with G 90
zinc coating in accordance with ASTI A 525; and mill
phosphatized for exposed locations. Shop fabricate
ductwork of gages and
reinforcement complying
with
SMACNA
HVAC Duct Construction
Standards
and/or
ASHRAE Handbook, Equipment
Volume, Chapter 16 - Duct Construction. Ducts shall be
low pressure ducts
with
2 inches
pressure
rating and seal Class B, as per SMACNA Standards.

D.

Kitchen Hood Exhaust Ducts: Kitchen hood exhaust

ducts and
supports
used
for
smoke
and
vapor removal
from cooking equipment,
exposed to view, shall be fabricated from
minimum
18 gage thick stainless steel sheet,
welded construction. Shop fabricate ductwork complying
with
SMACNA
"HVAC
Duct
Construction
Standards",
and NFPA 96 "Removal of Smoke and
Grease-Laden
Vapors
from
Commercial
Cooking
Equipments".

2.02 MISCELLANEOUS DUCTWORK ACCESSORIES

A.

General:
Provide
manufacturer's
standard
materials
and products of types and sizes indicated and, where
not otherwise indicated, provide type and size required
to comply with
ductwork
system
requirements
and
SMACNA Standards
including
all
the necessary
fittings, fasteners,
sealant, duct hardware
i.e.
test holes,
quadrant locks and duct access doors for proper
connection to ductwork and equipment. Ducts shall be
low pressure type as per SMACNA Standards with static
pressure rating of minimum 500 Pa, and with seal
Class B.

B.

Fittings: Provide radius type fittingso fabricated of

multiple
sections
with
maximum
15
change
of
direction per section. Unless
specifically detailed
o
o
otherwise, use
45 laterals
and
45
elbows
for branch takeoff
connections.
Where
o
90 branches are indicated, provide conical type tees.

C.

Duct

D.

Duct Cement: Non-hardening migrating mastic or liquid

neoprene
based
cement,
type
applicable for
fabrication/installation
detail, as compounded and
recommended by manufacturer specifically for cementing
fitting components, or longitudinal seams in ductwork.

E.

Ductwork
Support
Materials:
indicated,
provide
galvanized
steel

Sealant: Non-hardening,
non-migrating
mastic or liquid
elastic sealant,
type
applicable
for fabrication/installation
detail,
as
compounded
and recommended
by
manufacturer
specifically for
sealing
joints and seams in ductwork.

Except
as
hot-dipped

otherwise

HVAC Ductwork

15890-3

HVAC Ductwork

fasteners, anchors, rods, straps, trim and angles for

support of ductwork.
F.

Flexible
Ducts:
Either
spiral-wound
spring
steel
with flameproof
vinyl
sheathing,
or
corrugated
aluminum; complying with
UL 181, Class 1, complete with minimum
38mm thick continuous
flexible
fiberglass sheath
insulation,16kg/m density, and vapor barrier jacket.

2.03 DAMPERS
A.

Low Pressure
Manual Dampers:
Provide
dampers of
single blade type
or
multiblade
type, constructed
in
accordance
with
SMACNA - Low Pressure Duct Standards - with static
pressure rating of minimum 2 inches.

B.

Motorized Dampers: Provide dampers with parallel blades

for
2-position
control,
or
opposed
blades
for
modulating
control.
Construct
blades of 16 gage
steel,
13 mm diameter steel axles spaced on 229 mm centers.
Construct frame of 50 x 13 x 3 mm steel channel
for face
areas
2.32
m
and
under; 100
x
32
x
16
gage channel for face areas
over 2.32 m. Provide galvanized steel finish with
aluminum touch-up.

C.

Fire Dampers: Fire Dampers: Provide fire dampers, of

types and sizes as indicated
on
Drawings
where required. Construct casings of 11 gage
galvanized steel with bonded red acrylic enamel
finish.
o
Provide fusible link
rated
at
71-74 C
unless
otherwise
indicated.
Provide
damper with positive lock in closed position, and
with the following additional features:
1.

Damper Blade Assembly: Single-blade type or multiblade type as required.

2.

Blade Material: Steel, match casing.

D.

Motor-Driven Fire Dampers: Provide motor-driven

fire dampers, of
types and
sizes indicated
or required. Construct
casings
of
11
gage
galvanized steel
with
bonded
red
acrylic
enamel
finish.
Provide
fusible
link
rated
at
o
71-74 C unless otherwise indicated, and curtain type
stainless
steel
interlocking
blades, with
motor equipped
with instant
closure
cluch, stainless
cable damper blade linkage,
motor mounting bracket and 800 mm long wire leads for
connecting to smoke/heat detector, and with motor
mounted outside/inside air stream.

E.

Smoke Dampers: Smoke damper shall be designed for the

smoke isolation of sections of ducting in ventilation
HVAC Ductwork

systems, basically consisting of a flanged casing, shut

off blades with overlapping interlocking joints. Blades
are
connected
by
internal
linkage
for
parallel
action.
15890-4

HVAC Ductwork

External linkage parallel action also available. Smoke

dampers to be leakage tested as appropriate to the
requirements of UL555S.
Casing and blades shall be of a galvanized sheet
steel to BS EN 10142 or equivalent. Casing bearing made
from sintered
bronze. Blades shall have
standard face linkage for parallel blade
operation. Size and type of damper shall be as shown on
drawings. Dampers shall be electrically operated. All
accessories
required
for electric
operation shall be provided.
F.

Combination
Fire
and Smoke
Dampers:
Combination
fire/smoke
dampers
shall
be
designed for the fire/smoke isolation
of
sections
of
ducting in ventilation
systems, basically consisting of a flanged casing, shut
off blades with overlapping interlocking joints, with
side seals to close off gap between case and blades.
Blades are connected by internal linkage for parallel
action. Damper
is
fitted with
internal jack
shaft incorporating fusible link assembly.
Fire
dampers
to
be
independently
tested
as
appropriate to the requirements of BS 476 Part 20 1987
and UL555 (Fire rating
3
hours). Additional
leakage
tested
as
appropriate
to
the
requirements of UL555S.
Casing and blade shall be of galvanized sheet steel
to BS EN 10142 or equivalent. Casing bearings made from
sintered bronze. Blades shall have standard face
linkage parallel blade operation. Size of dampers shall
be as shown on drawings. Dampers shall be electrically
operated.
All
accessories
required
for
electric
operation shall be provided.

2.04 TURNING VANES

A.

Provide turning vanes constructed of 38 mm wide curved

blades set at 20 mm o.c., supported with bars
perpendicular to blades set at 50 mm o.c., and set into
side strips suitable for mounting in ductwork.

2.05 DUCT HARDWARE

A.

Test Holes: Provide in ductwork at fan inlet and

outlet, and elsewhere as indicated, duct test holes,
consisting of slot and cover, for instrument tests.

B.

Quadrant Locks: Provide for each damper, quadrant lock

device on one end of shaft; and end bearing plate on
other end for damper lengths over 300 mm. Provide
extended quadrant locks and end extended bearing plates
for externally insulated ductwork.
HVAC Ductwork

15890-5

HVAC Ductwork

2.06 DUCT ACCESS DOORS

A.

General: Provide where

of sizes indicated.

indicated,

duct

access

doors

B.

Construction: Construct of same or

greater
gage
as ductwork served, provide insulated
doors for insulated ductwork. Provide
flush
frames
for un-insulated ductwork,
extended
frames
for externally insulated duct.
Provide
one
side
hinged,
otherwise
with one handle-type latch for
doors
up to 300 mm
high
and smaller, 2 handletype latches for larger doors.

2.07 FLEXIBLE CONNECTIONS

A.

Provide
flexible duct
connections
wherever
ductwork connects to vibration
isolated
equipment.
Construct flexible
connections
of
neoprene-coated flameproof fabric
crimped into duct flanges for attachment to duct and
equipment. Make airtight joint. Provide
adequate joint flexibility
to
allow
for
thermal, axial,
transverse,
and
torsional
movement, and also capable of absorbing vibrations of
connected equipment.

2.08 VARIABLE AIR VOLUME (VAV) BOXES

A.

VAV boxes shall be completely factory-assembled.

Each boxes shall
have an
insulated plenum
with air
inlet collar, stable
swing
type
air
volume damper,
and maximum air flow, an
internal regulator for maintaining constant, and a
damper shaft extension for connecting an external
damper position actuator.
Unit operation shall
be
pressure
independent throughout
the
entire operating
range.
LPs
limiters
that
provide
pressure independence
only
at maximum
airflow
are
not
acceptable. Maximum static
pressure
drop thru
the airflow control box shall not exceed 0.4
kg in weight. VAV boxes shall be provided with control
transformers. Provide boxes
which are
certified
under
the
ARI Standard 880 Certification
program and carry ARI seal.

B.

Unit Casing: Galvanized steel, lined with a 0.10 kg/m

minimum dual
density
thermal/acoustical
fiberglass insulation
meeting
NFPA
90A
requirements.
Insulation
shall
conform
to UL 181
erosion
requirements. Unit shall be
provided
with
separate factory fabricated discharge sound
attenuater conforming to Section 15240.

C.

Variable

Air

Volume

Control

Damper:

Factory-

HVAC Ductwork

calibrated damper assembly consisting of a swing damper

controlled by
an
internally
mounted
inflatable
non-metallic regulator
bellows
that is directly responsible to
variations in inlet static pressure, and by externally
mounted electric control actuator which positions
the
15890-6

HVAC Ductwork

damper in response to the space thermostat.

The
bellows shall be capable of withstanding up to 2500 Pa
internal pressure.
D.

Control Actuator: Factory-mounted electric

actuator with appropriate
linkages in
accordance
with
box
requirements.
Control actuator
shall
be
furnished
by the air volume control box manufacturer.

E.

Room Temperature Controls: To be furnished by the

air volume control box manufacturer, as indicated on
the drawings, in accordance with the air volume control
box requirements.
Thermostat shall
be a
wall-mounted electric
type
with
appropriate
mounting hardware
supplied
by the controls supplier.

F.

Air
volume
limits
shall
be
field-adjustable
to
allow for
future
changes
in
unit
airflow
rates. Airflow limits shall be changed by
simply loosening a screw on the
limit stop,
repositioning the
limit
stop and retightening
the screw. Minimum
and
maximum
airflow shall be
maintained regardless of variations in inlet static
pressure
throughout
the
entire
static
pressure
operating range of the unit.

G.

H.

Electric Heating Coil (Where Required):

Coils
shall have the
capacity, voltage,
and steps
of control as designated
in the schedule.
Electric heating
coil shall be of the
slip-in
type,
open
coil design, factory-wired,
and installed in a 20-gauge galvanized steel plenum
insulated as per NFPA 90A requirements and UL 181
erosion requirements.
Coils shall be equipped with
both
primary
and
secondary
overtemperature protection
meeting
UL and
NEC
requirements.
All electric heating
coils shall
be
equipped
with
an integral control box
with built-in magnetic contactors of the disconnecting
type and minimum airflow switches. Electricswitches
and relays shall be included as designated in the
schedule. Electric heating coil shall be UL
listed
as
suitable for
installation
as
duct
heater.
Box identification: Each airflow control box shall be
clearly marked with an identification label and airflow
indicator. Identification label shall include such
information as unit nominal LPs,
maximum
factory-set LPs, minimum factory-set LPs,
and coil type and coil hand when supplied.

2.09 RELIEF TYPE TERMINAL UNITS

A.

Shall be similar to variable

air volume (VAV) boxes

HVAC Ductwork

except

the

unit

shall

have

field

adjustable

air

15890-7

HVAC Ductwork

balancing
section.

dampers

included

in

the

bypass

2.10 CONSTANT VOLUME FAN POWERED TERMINAL UNITS

A.

Shall be single duct terminal box for constant room air

supply volume combined with VAV primary air control
having high turn down by use of a multi-point sensing
grid, erosion resistant to approx. 20
m/s,
with circular inlet spigot suitable for DIN
circular duct sizes, outlet suitable for fixing of
angle flange or slide on flanges, inspection cover
sealed by a quick release clamping bar, casing air
leakage to Class II VDI 3803 and DIN 24194, box
complies with clean room Class 3 VDI 2083 and Class 100
of US Standard 209b.

B.

Volume flow rate suitable for pressure independent

control sensed by a star-shaped multi-point, multi-arm
averaging sensor measuring pressure differential from
5
Pa upwards. Sensor hub
in
plastic,
sensor
tubes in aluminum. External
pressure
tappings
located
in an accessible
position
with
tight
fitting end
caps. Calibration
graphs and constants
to
be provided
to
relate volume flow in LPS to the measured pressure
differentials.

C.

Single blade control damper mounted in the circular

duct behind the flow measuring grid. The closed damper
shall have shut off leakage at 500 Pa inlet pressure of
less than 0.5% of rated flow. Evoprene damper seal,
thermoplastic elastomer compound seal shall be suitable
for temperature up to 50 C.

D.

Fan casings (scrolls) shall be manufactured from

Zintec sheet steel
CR4
which conforms
to
BS
1449:
Part
1:
1972, and have a paint finish. Fan to have forward
curved wheel with impellers dynamically balanced. Fan
motors
to
be
direct
driven resiliently
mounted
via location brackets suitable for
240 volts 60 Hz single phase in compliance
with
BS5000 P2:1973 and supplied with auto reset thermal
overloads. Fan motors to have permanent split capacitor
types
fitted
with
permanently
lubricated
sleeve
bearings. Fans above 250 LPS to have a ballrace
bearing to provide superior life. All fan motors
to
be
suitable for
Triac based fan speed
controller providing stepless adjustable fan speed from
maximum to minimum incorporating hard
start
i.e. maximum
voltage
for
a
defined
short
period to ensure that fan rotation in correct.

E.

Constructed
sheet steel
attenuator

of minimum 1 mm thick galvanized

casing,
lining
of
and
regulator section
with
HVAC Ductwork

minimum
50 mm thick
rockwool
with
density 40 kg/m, erosion protected with
laminated glass fibre securely
fixed
to
substrate.
The
access

15890-8

HVAC Ductwork

door also lined with minimum 30 mm thickness of same

rockwool material to have Class "O" fire rating UK
building regulations or equivalent standards.
F.

Reheat coil (where required)

shall
be
fixed
to
box discharge as an integral unit
complete with controls, to heat
the
volume
flows.
Element
consist of 80/20
nichle
chrome wire in stainless steel tube filled with
magnesium oxide. Attenuator
provided to fit box
or reheat
coil,
to
reduce
air
regenerated
noise,
with angle flange or slide
on flanges on both ends.

2.11 ELECTRIC DUCT HEATERS

A.

Duct heater, where shown on drawings, shall be complete

with all required accessories. The heater shall be UL
listed for zero clearance and shall meet all applicable
requirements of latest National Electric Code. Heater
capacity, voltage, phase and number of steps shall
be as indicated on drawings. Elements shall be
constructed of 80% nickel
and
20% chromium and
steps
shall
be arranged
to
prevent
stratification when
operating
at less than full
capacity. Terminal box shall be provided with solid
cover
and
complete
box
shall
be totally
enclosed
to
minimize dust infiltration. All
safety devices shall be serviceable
through
terminal box. Duct heater shall not energize unless the
supply air fan is on.
All
temperature
controls
shall
be as shown
the drawings. Duct heater
shall be of size as shown the drawings.

2.12 SOUND ATTENUATORS

A.

Refer to Section 15240 - VIBRATION ISOLATION AND NOISE

CONTROL.

2.13 DUCT INSULATION

A.

Refer to Section 15250 - MECHANICAL INSULATION.

2.14 DUCTWORK FABRICATION

A.

Shop fabricate ductwork in 1200, 2400, 3000, or 3600 mm

lengths, unless otherwise indicated or
required
to complete runs. Pre-assemble work in
shop to greatest extent possible, so as to minimize
field assembly of systems. Disassemble systems only
to extent necessary for
shipping
and
handling. Match-mark
sections
for
reassembly
and coordinated installation.

B.

Shop fabricate ductwork of gages and reinforcement

complying
with
SMACNA
HVAC
Duct
Construction
Standards -and/or ASHRAE Handbook,
Equipment
Volume, Chapter
16;
Duct
Construction;
for
HVAC Ductwork

appropriate static
15890-9

HVAC Ductwork

pressure rating classification.

C.

Fabricate duct fittings to match adjoining ducts,

and to comply
with
duct
requirements as
applicable
to fittings.
Except
as
otherwise
indicated,
fabricate elbows with
centerline radius equal to associated duct width; and
fabricate to include turning vanes in elbows where
shorter
radius is necessary. Limit angular
tapers to
o
o
30 for contracting tapers and 20 for expanding
tapers.

D.

Fabricate ductwork with accessories installed

fabrication to the greatest extent possible.

E.

Fabricate ductwork with duct liner in each section

of duct
where
indicated.
Laminate
liner to
internal surfaces
of duct
in
accordance
with
instructions by manufacturers
of lining and adhesive, and fasten with mechanical
fasteners.

during

2.15 DIFFUSERS, REGISTERS AND GRILLES

A.

General:

B.

Submittal

C.

Diffusers,
registers and
grilles
shall
be factory
fabricated
of
aluminum,
type
and finish as
shown on the drawings or as approved by the Engineer.

1.

A schedule of all air inlets and outlets indicating

location, types,
specified air quantity,
neck or face
velocity,
sound
power
level values,
and maximum
and minimum air quantity ranges.

2.

Copies of manufacturer's technical specifications

including detailed installation instructions for
ducts and hardware.

3.

Certificates
of
compliance
material used
and
conform to
this specification.

4.

The Contractor shall be responsible for diffusion,

spread,
drop and
throw.
If,
according
to
the certified
data
of
manufacturer
of
the
proposed units,
the
sizes indicated
on Drawings will not
perform
satisfactorily,
units
shall
be
reselected to
perform
quietly
and
effectively
in
accordance with manufacturer's
recommendation.

Diffusers shall distribute

the
quantity
of air
evenly

stating
that
the
construction
all requirements of

specified
over space
HVAC Ductwork

intended,
without causing
noticeable
drafts,
air movement in excess of 0.25 m/sec in
occupied
zones,
or dead
spots anywhere
in
the
conditioned area.
15890-10

HVAC Ductwork

D.

Ceiling diffusers shall be of the square, perforated

and/or linear slot type as shown on the drawings. The
type of ceiling construction where the diffusers are to
be installed
shall
determine
the type
of
compatible diffuser
rings
or
frames
to
be provided.
Diffusers shall be sized in
accordance
with
the
recommendations
of
the
manufacturer. Diffusers shall be equipped with baffles
or
otherdevices
required
to
provide
air distribution pattern. Factory fabricated turning
vanes, furnished
by
the diffuser
manufacturer,
shall
be
provided
at
each
diffuser, branch duct, or take-off, except where
flexible ductwork is used. Opposed blade volume damper
and separate pattern adjustment shall be provided
by
the diffuser
manufacturer
and
shall
be installed
so
that
it can
be
removed
through the diffuser
neck for exhaust
and shall
be
similar
to
diffusers
used for supply, except that elements used solely for
air pattern control shall be omitted.
Diffuser shells, frames, perforated face plates,
and all air volume controls and air turning
devices shall have baked-on flat enamel or equivalent
finish. Color of finish for shells and other component
parts shall be gray or
off-white. Color
of
exposed
frames
and
face plates shall
be as approved by the Engineer.
All diffusers shall have volume dampers for air
balancing, which should be duct fixed and opposed blade
type at diffuser.

E.

Registers shall
be provided
with
factory
fabricated volume dampers furnished by the
register manufacturer. Volume dampers shall be of the
group-operated, opposed blade type and
shall
be
key
and adjustable.
Supply registers
shall
have two sets (horizontal and vertical) of directional
blades or
vanes.
Exhaust
and
return
registers shall be similar to supply registers, except
that
they
shall
have
a
single
set
of
nondirectional face bars or vanes having the same
appearance as the supply
registers. Registers shall
be
factory primed, ready for finish painting.
Volume dampers and splitter assemblies
shall
be
factory
finished in baked
black enamel
or equivalent.

F.

Grilles

shall
be
manufactured
and
finished
in
same manner as registers,
except that volume dampers shall be omitted. Grilles,
volume adjusters and air control devices
made of
steel (if
required)
shall
be zincphosphate treated prior to priming and finishing.
HVAC Ductwork

G.

Security diffusers, grilles and registers:

15890-11

HVAC Ductwork

1.

Security diffusers,
as security grade
heavy duty product
specialist
in
Manufacturer and
to
the

grilles and registers indicated

on drawings shall be standard
produced by single manufacturer
this
production
range.
materials
shall be subject
Engineer approval.

2.

Security diffusers, grilles and registers shall be

manufactured to meet all applications of highest
security
and
safety
while
maintaining
the
necessary air
distribution
requirements
and
Shall
be
constructed
using approved design that allows the grill to
become an integral part of the wall for additional
strength and shall meet ASTM standard.

3.

Security grilles and registers shall be effectively

prevents contraband of concern to authorities.

4.

Security
grilles
Face
plate
shall
be
manufactured of galvanized steel sheets of minimum
thickness 4.8 mm with square openings not exceeding
50 x 50mm and with intermediate crossing webs 25mm
minimum width. Steel mesh screen 9.5mm thickness
shall be located between the face plate and back
up plate of 6.35mm thickness. The face unit shall
be welded to steel sleeve with continuously
seam
welded.
All
parts shall be
welded
construction
and
assembly.
Security
diffusers, grilles and registers shall be fixed to
the concrete wall using
steel
security
anchor dowels 12.5 mm diameter minimum.

5.

Security grade diffusers, grilles and registers

shall beinstalled
as per the
manufacturer
instructions
and
recommendations to ensure proper installation.

2.16 FRESH AIR INTAKE AND RELIEF OUTLET (VENT) HOOD

A.

Hood

shall be constructed
of
heavy
gauge
extruded aluminum
louvers.
Blades
shall
be
of
stormproof extruded aluminum with
corners
mitered
and
welded. Roof and
curb caps
shall
be formed by heavy gauge
aluminum and the assembly shall be braced by angular
steel.

B.

Provide
birdscreen,
built-up
curb
and
cleanable
filters, where required. Size shall be as shown on the
drawings.

2.17 AIR FILTERS

A.

All
outside
air
and
recirculated
air
shall
filtered, except
as
noted. Filters shall
be underwriters'

be

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15890-12

HVAC Ductwork

Laboratories, Inc. listed filters. Air flow shall not

exceed
rated
capacity
at
specified
efficiency.
Performance shall be tested and certified per ASHRAE
Standard 52-76.
B.

C.

D.

Definitions
1.

Efficiency: as measured by the Dust Spot Method on

Atmospheric Air, per ASHRAE Test Standard 52-76,
unless otherwise noted.

2.

Arrestance:

3.

Dust holding
52-76.

per ASHRAE Test Standard

capacity:

per

ASHRAE

52-76.
Test Standard

Filter types, provide as follows:

1.

Flat panel, replaceable filter.

2.

Extended surface, bag filter.

Replaceable flat panel filters: Pleated media shall

be blend of
cotton
and
synthetic
fibers,
UL
Class II. Casing shall be double wall,
rigid chipboard frame with expanded
metal
media
support,
cross
braced
on both sides
of filter. Thickness shall be as noted.
1. Filter
frames
shall
be
metal
with
holding
latches.
Efficiency shall be average, 25 to 30 percent.
Initial resistance at 2.5 m/s face velocity shall
be maximum 50 Pa for 50 mm thick unit.

E.

Extended surface, non-supported bag filter: Provide

replaceable bag type, UL Class I or Class II as noted.
Glass fiber media shall be supported on leaving
side with flexible mesh. Rated capacity shall be 950
PLs.
1.

Side
access
housings
(for
low
and
medium
efficiency filters):
Filter
mounting
section shall
be
fully
factory assembled and dimensionally compatible with
factory fabricated air handling units, or as
shown on plans.
a.

Provide
hinged
and recessed
access
doors
on both sides
of
each
housing with
hinged cast
aluminum
spring
loaded latches
on
opposite sides
of
each
door
and
closed
cell
neoprene rubber
perimeter
gasketing.
Hinges shall be
zinc plated.

b.

Provide

molded

polyvinyl

chloride flexible
HVAC Ductwork

filter sealing gaskets with extruded aluminum

retainers. Sealing pressure
shall be
applied
15890-13

HVAC Ductwork

against entering air face of filter header.

Seal adjacent
filters
by vertical
gasket
strips attached to filter header.
c.

Housing shall be minimum 16 gauge galvanized

steel
construction
with
100 mm
turned-in
flanges
for
attachment
to
adjacent
equipment.
Pre-drilled
attachment
holes
shall be on not more
than
300
mm centers. Provide
integral track,
for 50 mm thick pre-filters.

d.

Insulate internally
unit casing.

the same as air handling

F.

Filter gauges shall be differential pressure type and

dial type with range and minor divisions as noted under
Installation.

G.

Filter gauges shall be differential pressure type and

dial type with built-infacility
for transmitting a
warning signal to the HVAC control system when filter
resistance has reached twice original value or that
recommended by air filter manufacturer.
Range
lamps

and minor divisions shall be

under installation.
Provide
at
following locations.

as
noted
indication

1.

Prefilter.

2.

Afterfilter.

3.

Provide complete with static pressure taps and

two way cocks to permit calibration.

2.18 SAND TRAP LOUVERS

A.

Sand trap louvers shall separate sand from intake

air and self emptying base, and shall be constructed
from extruded
aluminum, with
1.5 mm
thick,
2.0
mm
thick casing and shall
be provided with galvanized wire bird screen and
washable filters.

B.

The media change can be carried out either from the

right or left-hand side, according to the installation
position. If two units are installed adjacent to each
other, the media change is carried out from the
left and right-hand sides.

3. PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.01 INSTALLATION OF METAL DUCTWORK

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15890-14

HVAC Ductwork

A.

General: Assemble and install ductwork in accordance

with recognized industry practices which will achieve
airtight (5 percent leakage for systems rated 75 mm and
under; one percent for systems rated over 75 mm) and
noiseless (no objectionable noise) systems, capable of
performing each indicated service.
Install
each
run with minimum
number
of
joints. Align
ductwork accurately at
connections,
within
3
mm misalignment
tolerance
and with internal
surfaces
smooth. Support ducts rigidly with suitable
ties, braces, hangers and anchors of type which will
hold ducts true-to-shape and to prevent buckling.
Support vertical ducts at every floor.

B.

Field Fabrication: Complete fabrication of work at

project as necessary to match shop-fabricated work and
accommodate installation requirements.

C.

Routing: Locate ductwork runs, except as otherwise

indicated,
vertically and
horizontally
and avoid
diagonal runs wherever
possible.
Locate
runs
as
indicated
by
diagrams,
details
and
notations or, if not otherwise
indicated,
run
ductwork
in
shortest route which
does
not
obstruct
usable
space
or
block
access for
servicing building and its equipment.
Hold

ducts
close
to
walls,
overhead
construction, columns, and other structural and
permanent-enclosure
elements
of
building.
Limit
clearance to 13 mm where furring is shown for enclosure
or concealment of ducts, but
allow
for
insulation thickness, if
any. Where possible,
locate insulated
ductwork for
25 mm
where
furring is shown for enclosure or concealment of ducts,
but allow
for insulation
thickness, if
any.
Where possible, locate insulated ductwork for 25
mm clearance outside
of
insulation.
Wherever
possible in finished and occupied
spaces,
conceal ductwork from view,
by
locating
in
mechanical shafts, hollow wall construction or above
suspended ceilings. Do not encase horizontal runs in
solid
partitions,
except
as
specifically
shown.
Coordinate layout with suspended ceiling and lighting
layouts and similar finished work.
D.

Electrical Equipment Spaces: Do not route ductwork

through
transformer
vaults
and
their
electrical equipment spaces and enclosures.

E.

Penetrations:
Where
ducts
pass through
interior partitions
and
exterior walls,
conceal space
between construction opening and
duct or duct insulation with sheet
metal
flanges
of
same
gage
as
duct.
Overlap
opening on 4 sides by at least 38 mm. Fasten duct and
substrate.
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15890-15

HVAC Ductwork

F.

Coordination:
Coordinate
duct
installations
with
installation
of
accessories,
dampers,
equipment,
controls and other associated work of ductwork system.

G.

Installation: Install metal ductwork in accordance with

SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standards.

3.02 INSTALLATION OF FLEXIBLE DUCTS

A.

Maximum Length: For any duct run using flexible

ductwork, do not exceed 1200 mm extended length.

B.

Installation: Install in accordance with Section III of

SMACNA - HVAC Duct Construction Standards, Metal and
Flexible.

3.03 INSTALLATION OF DUCTWORK ACCESSORIES

A.

Install
duct
accessories
in
accordance
with
manufacturer's
installation
instructions,
with
applicable portions of details of construction as shown
in SMACNA Standards, and in accordance with recognized
industry practices to ensure
that
products
serve intended function.

B.

Install turning vanes in square or rectangular 90

elbows in supply and exhaust air systems, and elsewhere
as indicated.

C.

Install access
pressure, with
either
is too small for

D.

Coordinate with other work, including ductwork, as

necessary to interface installation of duct accessories
properly with other work.

doors to open against system air

latches
operable
from
side, except outside only where duct
person to enter.

3.04 INSTALLATION OF DIFFUSERS, REGISTERS AND GRILLES

A.

General: Install diffusers, registers and grilles in

accordance with manufacturer's written instructions and
in accordance with recognized industry practices to
insure that products serve intended functions.

B.

Coordinate with other work, including ductwork and duct

accessories, as necessary to interface installation of
air outlets and inlets with other work.

C.

Locate ceiling air diffusers, registers, and grilles,

as indicated on Drawings.

3.05 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

15890-16
HVAC Ductwork

A.

Leakage Tests
1.

After each duct system which is constructed for

duct classes 735 Pa and below is completed,
test for duct leakage in accordance with SMACNA Air
Duct Leakage Test Manual. Repair leaks and repeat
tests until
total
leakage
is
less
than 5%
of
system design air flow.

2.

Operate
installed
duct
accessories
to
demonstrate compliance with requirements. Test for
air leakage while system is operating. Repair or
replace faulty accessories, as required to obtain
proper operation and leak-proof performance.

3.06 EQUIPMENT CONNECTIONS

A.

General:
Connect metal ductwork to equipment as
indicated,
provide flexible connection
for
each
ductwork
connection
to
equipment
mounted on vibration isolators,
and/or
equipment
containing
rotating
machinery.
Provide access doors as indicated.

3.07 ADJUSTING AND CLEANING

A.

Clean ductwork internally, unit-by-unit as it is

installed,
of
dust
and
debris.
Clean
external
surfaces of foreign
substances which
might
cause
corrosive deterioration
of
metal
or,
where
ductwork
is
to be
painted, might interfere with painting or cause paint
deterioration.

B.

Temporary Closure: At ends of ducts which

are
not connected to equipment or air distribution
devices at time
of
ductwork
installation,
provide temporary closure of polyethylene film
or other covering which will
prevent
entrance
of
dust and debris until
time
connections
are to be completed.

C.

Adjusting:

Adjust
ductwork
accessories
for
proper settings,
install
fusible links
in fire
dampers
and
adjust for proper action.

3.08 SYSTEM TESTING AND BALANCING

A.

Conform to the requirements of Section 15990 - TESTING,

ADJUSTING AND BALANCING.
END OF SECTION
HVAC Ductwork

15890-17

HVAC Ductwork