Switzerland

Bribery At All Levels

Corruption is every life is with situations in the gray zone between what is legal and what is illegal. Many people accept little corruption as a fact of life.

ORGANIZED CRIME AND CORRUPTION Organized crime and corruption on sustainable tourism, its necessary to first understand the effects of eco-criminality on sustainable environmental development. The perpetrator of such a crime can be anyone of us: a business or corporation, a group of likeminded individuals, unconnected individuals, organizations, local communities, the government, etc. Special to eco-crime, are its losses people are scarce directly or indirectly through the misuse of biotic and a biotic environmental elements.

This definition of eco-crime also comprises all criminal elements, be they criminal organizations or anyone else who uses corruptive methods to cause Environmental damages. Direct or indirect damage to the environment affect Sustainable development as the basis of sustainable tourism.

Organized Crime, in which it is stated that an organized criminal group is a structured group of three or more persons who, over a longer period of time, act in coordination to carry out one or more severe criminal acts with the goal to, directly or indirectly, gain financial or other material benefits.

There are the distinguish between classic organized crime and entrepreneurial organized crime. The latter was most organized form of ..

(1) Organized Crime: criminals of this quality know a lot about business and management, economic matters and the law, and have connections in the administrative and public sector, government institutions and the labour market. These are criminal associations of well-educated individuals in prominent positions in business and/or politics. Such organizations are also referred to as organized white-collar crime. This type of criminality is far more dangerous than classic organized crime. (2) Classic Organized Crime : An interest for tourism, because its possible to exploit this area by placing on the market certain services under its control, e.g., prostitution and drug trafficking. It is only indirectly connected to tourism, if it is carried out in tourist destinations where there is sustainable tourism. On the other hand, there is a lot of sex tourism in destinations known for the prevalence of mass tourism.

State/country

2013 environmental sustainability

2011 environmental sustainability Fair Good Very good Very good Very good Good Very good Good Very Good Very Good Good

Australia Canada Netherlands Denmark Finland New Zeland Norway Singapore Sweden Switzerland India

Very clean Very clean Very clean Very clean Very clean Very clean Very clean Very clean Very Clean Very Clean Clean

Reputation
Switzerland was found to have the best brand image when it came to tourism, followed by Canada, Japan, Sweden and New Zealand. Thats great news for Switzerland, but what does that mean exactly. Switzerlands tourism industry is indeed one of the highest per capita in the world, but Italy takes top honors for that. Sheer volumes of tourists do not necessarily mean that tourists that visited the country had the best experience. Reputation of Switzerland for tourism still ranks the highest, as the country is quite welcoming to tourists and visitors, and offers quite a few attractions. Many of the development is for accommodating visitors to Switzerland, like this Hostel in Interlaken Switzerland. Developing a strong brand image for any product or service is a long term investment, so it would be safe to say that Switzerlands tourism industry has a bright future.

Business Ethics And Values

What is Ethics?
Business ethics are implemented in order to ensure that a certain required level of trust exists between consumers and various forms of market participants with businesses.

There are four main determinants of differences in business ethics.

Societal Ethics
Societal ethics are standards that govern how members of a society should deal with one another in matters involving fairness, justice, poverty, and the rights of individuals. Most people have internalized certain values, beliefs, and norms that specify how they should behave.

Occupational Ethics
Occupational ethics are standards that govern how members of a profession, trade,should conduct themselves when performing work-related activities Within a business organization, business rules and norms often govern how employees such as lawyers, researchers, and accountants should behave to further the interests of its stakeholders.

Individual ethics
Individual ethics are personal standards and values. that determine how people should act towards others when their own self-interests. They include family, peers, and education in general are the basis of a persons individual ethics.

Organizational ethics
Organizational ethics are the values and beliefs that guide an organizations behaviour toward its stakeholders.

Value Of Tourism
Value is a highly controversial concept and discuss about value and regimes of value are usually transpired by political projects, disciplinary approaches and social ideologies. The aim of this conference is to explore different concepts of, and approaches to, value that emerge in the social field of tourism. It will bring together academics from different social sciences (anthropology, sociology, psychology, geography, economics, political sciences, etc.), tourism and heritage policy, and the emerging fields of heritage and environmental economics. values are mobilized and experienced by tourists in which emotional cultures and morals do they relate are the values intrinsic in concepts like nature, god, world heritage, or people.

value in tourism and travel conceptualized, normalized and measured, according to different disciplines and social actors (tourism and custom planners, cultural policy makers, tourists, local populations).

Client Confidences

In Switzerland recently had the opportunity to travel to the Switzerland Travel Mart in Bern, Switzerland at the end of May. This was by far one of the most organized events we have attended and all the information the Switzerland Convention & Incentive Bureau provided up front, during and after the event made this one of the greatest trips ever. Total of 16% of the Swiss respondents have previously bought a sustainable tourism product. Further analysis of this selected respondent category was conducted to determine which communication elements most influenced their product choice. There are some interesting changes in this importance when the market is segmented with respect to the level of education of the respondents. The influence generally lower, the higher the education level of the customer is A sustainability feature of a tourism product. Client confidence in Switzerland remained fairly stable during the first part of the year and between July and October 2013 as well. With a value of -5 points the client confidence index improved slightly on the result of the previous survey (-9 points in July) and was consequently also up on the long term average (also -9 points). On the one side this development reflects the more optimistic expectations of private households with regard to the economic prospects and the labour market over the next 12 months. On the other side, in October the expectations for their personal financial situation and opportunities for savings over the coming months remain broadly at the same level as in the July.

Corporate Governance
The corporate governance approach has, until now, mainly been applied to big corporations listed on the stock exchange.The big corporations, for example, most tourism organizations have very flat hierarchies, comprising only the management level and clerical assistants. Therefore, responsibility and control can only be distributed among different levels of management to a very limited extent. In addition, tourism organizations and their bodies are sometimes organized in a rather decentralized way. In contrast, tourism organizations are mostly non profit in nature, but are still expected to achieve the highest benefit possible for their members. They must also maximize benefits for other stakeholders too. However, measuring or assessing the services for members (and the destination) is extremely difficult This is difficulties for realizing effective performance monitoring of the organization as well as strategic corporate planning in the context of corporate governance, which in turn produces problems of legitimization. Ultimately, tourism organizations are

(financially) dependent on public contributions, and hence also on administration and politics. However, public sponsoring bodies are also the same entities that attach ever more importance to an efficient application of funds which are rules compliant. The following point describe the central tenets of good corporate governance: Effective Leadership of the Company Effective Management Controlling and Monitoring Application of Governance Tools The Corporations Code of Values and Conduct Knowing and Tending to Stakeholders

Ethical Advertising Or Sales Practices

Advertising can be given credit for the growth of tourism industry. Destinations like Venice, Paris, Switzerland, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, India and many more have become popular amongst tourists. Ethics play an important role for promotion of tourism. Advertising and sales promotion are only part of the process that bridges the gap between production and consumption. Tourism as an industry has flourish in the last few years. At the same time, positive impact of advertising in tourism should also be appreciated. Advertising has helped hugely, many nations to grow in terms of economy.

The positive class believes that advertising: Gives an opportunity to various countries and landscapes to be appreciated by people from all across the world. Gives the chance to such destinations to grow and rise in terms of economy and it provides employment too. Healthy competition in tourism industry helps these destinations to develop and do better so that they can out do others and attract more tourists All advertising should be legal, decent, honest and truthful. Advertisements should be so framed as not to misuse the trust of consumers . Advertisements are (justifiable reason) play on fear Advertisements should not without reason, correct on educational or social grounds, contain any visual presentation or any description of dangerous practices or of situations which show a discount for safety or health.

Summary
Bribery At All Levels
Organized Crime, in which it is stated that an organized criminal group is a structured group of three or more persons who, over a longer period of time. Organized crime and corruption on sustainable tourism, its necessary to first understand the effects of eco-criminality on sustainable environmental development.There are two crime classic organized crime and entrepreneurial organized crime.

Reputation
Switzerland was found to have the best brand image when it came to tourism, Reputation of Switzerland for tourism still ranks the highest, as the country is quite welcoming to tourists and visitors, and offers quite a few attractions.

Business Ethics And Values

There are four main determinants of differences in business ethics Societal Ethics, Occupational Ethics, Individual ethics and Organizational ethics. value in tourism and travel conceptualized, normalized and measured, according to different disciplines and social actors.

Client Confidences
Switzerland recently had the opportunity to travel to the Switzerland Travel Mart in Bern, Switzerland at the end of May. Total of 16% of the Swiss respondents have previously bought a sustainable tourism product. Client confidence in Switzerland remained fairly stable during the first part of the year and between July and October 2013 as well.

Corporate Governance
tourism organizations are mostly non profit in nature, but are still expected to achieve the highest benefit possible for their members. They must also maximize benefits for

other stakeholders. Ultimately, tourism organizations are (financially) dependent on public contributions, and hence also on administration and politics.

Ethical Advertising Or Sales Practices

Advertising and sales promotion are only part of the process that bridges the gap between production and consumption. Positive impact of advertising in tourism should also be appreciated. Advertising has helped hugely, many nations to grow in terms of economy.

INDIA
Bribery At All Levels
The Tourism Policy
2002 in India the action plan was finally translated into a tourism policy. Tourism policy officially became a joint central-state government concern. The new policy itself, however, was designed by the central government.

Sustainable tourism in India

One of the general objectives of the Indian Tourism Policy (2002) is to ..'substantially increase the proportion of the urban resident free time and pilgrimage tourism to rural areas. It proposes the development of tourist services in villages and rural regions located off the beaten tourist tracks. To this effect, in collaboration with it initiated a public rural tourism program geared towards all round, instantaneous village development.

Bribery across public services

Comparing major public services, people pay bribes most often when they interact with the police. According to respondents worldwide, the police are the most often bribed institution in the past year, followed by the judiciary. Bribery in law enforcement Bribery in land services Corruption in political parties

Reputation
The tourism industry of India is economically important and grows rapidly during KKM, the Council calculated that tourism generated INR6.4 trillion 6.6% of the nation's GDP in 2012. It supported 39.5 million jobs, 7.7% of its total employment. The sector is predicted to grow at an average annual rate of 7.9% from 2013 to 2023. India has a large tourism sector which is expected to grow at an estimated rate of 30% annually to reach about 95 billion by 2015. According to World Tourism Visit 30% of world population visit Taj-Mahal each year. Chennai, Delhi, Mumbai and Agra have been the four most visited cities of India by foreign tourists during the year 2011. Worldwide, Chennai is ranked 41 by the number of foreign tourists, while Delhi is ranked at 50, Mumbai at 57 and Agra at 65 and Kolkata at 99. The Ministry also maintains the Incredible India campaign. Indias rich history and its cultural and geographical diversity make its international tourism appeal large and diverse. It presents heritage and cultural tourism along with medical, business, educational and sports tourism.

Present Position of Tourism Industry in India

It may be mentioned here that the Government of India had no Tourism Policy for more than forty years since the initiation of planning in the country in1951. Consequently, no efforts were made to lay down any sort of infrastructure for the promotion and development of tourism industry in the country. It was only in 1992 that a tourism policy was laid down by the Government of India.

Tourism Types in India

Rural Tourism Golf Tourism Ecotourism Adventure Tourism Medical Tourism Highway tourism Camping Sites Wellness Tourism Rail tourism

Business Ethics And Values

'Ethical business' being the new buzzwords in our new political arena, ethical tourism is something that is getting more and more attention. Many tourists from affluent countries are starting to adopt an ethical stance, as are many tour operators. The fact that last Year's 'Visit Myanmar Year' (Myanmar is the junta's new name for Burma) was an outstanding flop and that several British tour operators pulled out of Burma for ethical reasons, shows some sort of positive reaction.

Co-option of land and natural resources such as water, are common complaints of residents about tourism development. Women in parts of India walk for miles for water because underground water is siphoned off by hotels. One of the most disturbing examples of our holidays causing problems for local people. A beautiful, exotic country - the next destination on many globe-trotters 'must-do' list. But life for the Burmese is far from golden

The Taj Group of Hotels would seem a natural choice to manage ecotourism in the park. An award-winning member of the international Hotels Environment Initiative water and waste is recycled with zeal and energy-saving has become an art-form. Yet local tribal people - the Advisees - are highly critical of the Taj 's plans to build a hotel in the park, and this year won a court battle to stop the development going ahead. An historic victory - the 29,000-strong Advises claimed their customary rights

of access to the forest and its produce were being taken away and that building the hotel in the national park was illegal.

Code of Ethics

The Tourist shall always be aware of projecting a good and positive image of India to the ancient Indian concept of Atithi Devo Bhava.

Tourist shall consider himself a friend of the tourists, be courteous and helpful and never deceive the trust placed in them by the tourists and carry out his ethical and moral responsibilities with dignity.

The Tourist will bear in mind that word of mouth publicity and comments have a tremendous impact on the creation of an image for the country. This is several times more valuable than the most expensive advertisement that can be put out.

The Tourist will always be courteous, efficient, tactful, kind understanding and project the warm and hospitable nature of Indians.

Tourist will ensure that he will give correct and all possible information of the latest developments in the country and keep himself up to date. He will understand and convey the positive aspects of his culture and tradition, and be well versed with matters relating to local customs, habits and traditions to ensure that both the tourists and the local people respect each other.

The Tourist shall at all times be reliable with the entrusted duties and be of exemplary conduct, not only, in dealing with tourists but, with others such as Govt. Officers and members of the public.

Tourist shall refrain from unethical or discriminatory conduct and deal with proprietary and impeccable honesty. He will not refrain from entering into shady deals for monetary and other gains nor will he intentionally mislead the tourists.

The Tourist shall uphold his/her status and reputation with a view to foment closer cooperation, understanding and collaboration with his/her counterparts throughout India.

Client Confidence
Client is first and significant step. Indian tourism are warming up to the idea of a professional approach. It not only creates a good impression but also sets the tone for subsequent interactions in a positive manner. Some key strategies could be: A suitable contact route preferably the one trusted by the client.E.g. Referred leads. Well groomed &presentable personality. A professional pitch using - need based consultative value proposition. Establishing credentials and other compliance norms before the dialogue. Communicating the agenda in clear and transparent manner. Establishing encouraging environment and outlining the no obligation proposition at the beginning of the interaction.

Corporate Governance
Corporate Governance could be defined as ways of bringing the interests of investors and managers into line and ensuring that firms are run for the benefit of investors. It is concerned with the relationship between the internal governance mechanisms of corporations and societys conception of the scope of corporate accountability. Corporate governance is the acceptance by management of the inalienable rights of shareholders as the true owners of the corporation and of their own role as trustees on behalf of the shareholders.

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN INDIA

Liberalization and its associated developments, i.e. deregulation, privatization and extensive financial liberalization, have made effective Corporate Governance very crucial. Cases of frauds, malpractices can render capital market reforms aimless. Independent and effective corporate governance reforms are, therefore, necessary in order to restore the credibility of capital market and to facilitate the flow of investment finance of firms. There are various reforms which were channelled through a number of different paths with both the Security and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) and the Ministry of Corporate Affairs, Government of India (MCA) playing important roles.

Evolution of Corporate Governance framework in India

Companies Act, 1956 provides for basic framework for regulation of all the companies. Certain provisions were incorporated in the Act itself to provide for checks and balances over the powers of Board viz.: Loan to directors or relatives or associated entities (need CG permission) (Sec 295) Interested contract needs Board resolution and to be entered in register (Sec 297) Interested directors not to participate or vote (Sec 300) Appointment of director or relatives for office or place of profit needs approval by shareholders. If the remuneration exceeds prescribed limit , CG approval required (Sec 314) Audit Committee for Public companies having paid-up capital of Rs. 5 Crores (Sec 292A) Shareholders holding 10% can appeal to Court in case of oppression or mismanagement (397/398).

Principles of Corporate Governance

Ensuring the Basis for an Effective Corporate Governance Framework. The Rights of Shareholders and Key Ownership Functions protected and facilitated. The Equitable Treatment of Shareholders. The Role of Stakeholders in Corporate Governance- recognized. Disclosure and Transparency. The Responsibilities of the Board-Monitoring Management and Accountability to Shareholders.

Ethical Advertising /Sales Practices

Ethics in Advertising
Ethics means Good Conduct or Conduct which is right in view of the society and the time period. By common consent, various modes of behaviour and conduct are viewed as good or bad.

In other word, we can say that Ethics are moral principles and values that govern the actions and decisions of an individual group. Ethics is a choice between good and bad, between right and wrong. It is governed by a set of principles of morality at a given time and at a given place and in a given society. Ethics is related to group behaviour in ultimate analysis, thus setting norms for an individual to follow in consistence with the group norms.

There is no law to restrict tobacco companies from promoting their brands to Africans & American, though it is in India but for Door darshan only. Similarly the alcoholic beverage companies promote their brands & target not only college students but underage drinkers as well. Advertisements exposing pornography is another serious issue in advertising industry today. Advertisements promoting permissiveness & objectifying women are heavily criticized in the society.

Advertisement is introduced into the perceptual process of the audience in such a way that the output of that perceptual process differs from the reality of the situation. These may include the following: Violates Consumers' Right to Information Violates Consumers' Right to Safety Violates Consumers' Right to Choice Advertisements directed at children Bait advertising Advertising of harmful products

SUMMARY
Bribery At All Levels
Comparing major public services, people pay bribes most often when they interact with the police. According to respondents worldwide, the police are the most often bribed institution in the past year like a Bribery in law enforcement, Bribery in land services, Corruption in political parties.

Reputation
The tourism industry of India is economically important and grows rapidly. tourism generated INR6.4 trillion 6.6% of the nation's GDP in 2012. It supported 39.5 million jobs, 7.7% of its total employment. . According to World Tourism Visit 30% of world population visit Taj-Mahal each year.

Business Ethics And Values

'Ethical business' being the new buzz- words in our new political arena, ethical tourism is something that is getting more and more attention. Tourist shall consider himself a friend of the tourists, be courteous and helpful and never deceive the trust placed in them by the tourists and carry out his ethical and moral responsibilities with dignity.

Client Confidence
Indian tourism are warming up to the idea of a professional approach. It not only creates a good impression but also sets the tone for subsequent interactions in a positive manner. like a Well groomed &presentable personality and A professional pitch using - need based consultative value proposition.

Corporate Governance
Corporate governance is concerned with the relationship between the internal governance mechanisms of corporations and societys conception of the scope of corporate accountability. Companies Act, 1956 provides for basic framework for

regulation of all the companies. Certain provisions were incorporated in the Act itself to provide for checks and balances over the powers of Board.

Ethical Advertising /Sales Practices

Ethics are moral principles and values that govern the actions and decisions of an individual group. Ethics is a choice between good and bad, between right and wrong. Advertisements exposing pornography is another serious issue in advertising industry today. Advertisements promoting permissiveness & objectifying women are heavily criticized in the society.