Arde'et: The Magic Book of the Disciples Author(s): Enno Littmann Reviewed work(s): Source: Journal of the American

Oriental Society, Vol. 25 (1904), pp. 1-48 Published by: American Oriental Society Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/592548 . Accessed: 25/10/2012 13:38
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JOURNAL
OF THE

AMERICAN
Arde'et:

ORIENTAL

SOCIETY.
Dr. ENNO N. J.

Tke lJfagie Book of the Di8ieples.-By

University, Princeton,

LITTMANN,Princeton

FOLKLORE and the science of comparative religion have made much progress within the last quarter of the past century: the magic superstitions and popular religious beliefs of all peoples have been studied, and the results of such studies have, often with marked success, been applied to certain phases of the history of the great religions of the world. For instance, the idea of the name of God, as represented in the Old and New Testaments, has gained an entirely new aspect and has been discussed in a much more plausible manner than ever before, since ethnology and folklore have contributed to its elucidation.' This instance has been chosen here instead of a great many others, because it touches directly upon the contents of the Ethiopic book published and translated in the following pages. Abyssinia is a mine of superstitions and magic practices, and many of them have been written down in the Ethiopic language. A large part of the Ethiopic literature, therefore, is magic literature. This, however, has attracted very few scholars, no doubt partly owing to the crabbedness of the subject, but partly also to the fact that there have been but few workers in the field. Except the French translations of several magic
I See Fr. Giesebrecht, Die alttestamentliche Schdtzung des Gottesnamens, Konigsberg, 1901 (especially p. 6). Wilhelm Heitmiuller, " Im Namen Jesu." Gittingen, 1903. VOL. XXV. 1

E. Littmnanm,

[1904.

prayers, published by Professor Basset in his Apocryphes tthiopiens, very little has been done in this line.' But I trust that the time will come when the abundant Ethiopic material will be available for students of folklore and magic. Among the Ethiopic magic books, the one commonly called Arde'et, i. e. " the Disciples," is held very precious by the Abyssinians, and is of interest to us in more than one respect. It tells how Jesus taught the Disciples his secret names, among them the " great name ;" how the Disciples went about performing miracles by the power of Christ's name, and were themselves saved by it from the wrath of the people of Sodom and Gomorrha and from many kings and rulers; and finally, The whole is interhow Jesus showed them hell and paradise. woven with a number of long prayers which sometimes, as e. g. in chapters IV and VI, are real compendiums of Abyssinian magic.' Some of the traditions set forth in this book are undoubtedly as early as the first centuries of the Christian era; this is proved Among by the fact that we find them in gnostic literature. these the most striking is the legend of the journey of the Apostles to hell and paradise, led by Christ; the same was known to the gnostics, as we see from C. Schmidt's .UitersuOther parallels are the ch~ungen uiber die gnostischen Werke.3 his forbids Disciples to reveal the Jesus following: In VIII, 15 is told in gnostic the same have heard; secrets which they the secrets revealed that we read 16 In seq. VIII, works.4 here are given to no one else except Mary, John " the Virgin," Abraham, and Moses; this is to be compared with the gnostic tradition that John 7rapfvos was the highest among the Disciples. Our book, however, speaks of John " the Virgin" as being the Baptist, because the other John was included among the Finally we may cite here the " great name " (VIII, Disciples. 24), which seems to have played an important role in the gnostic
' See also Dr. K. Fries' edition and translation of The Ethiopic Legend of Socinius and Ursula, in Actes du VIIIe Congres International des Orientalistes, and my article The Princeton Ethiopic Magic Scroll, in The Princeton University Bulletin, vol. xv., pp. 31-42. 2 See especially IV, 20 and VI, 11. Schriften in Koptischer Sprache. Leipzig, 1892 (Texte und 3Gnostische Untersuchungen VIII), p. 464. 1. c., p. 465. 4Schmidt,

Vol. xxv.]

4rcde'et: The lJfagic Book of the Disciples.

This tends to show that there are at least certain system.' in "Arde'et" that are to be connected with apocryelements A more detailed discussion phal ideas of ancient Christianity. of these questions, and particularly a full enquiry into the literary composition and the derivation of Chapters II-VII cannot be given here. I hope that somebody more fit for this For the work than myself may soon undertake the study. present, attention may be called to the following: It seems to me safe to conclude that the Ethiopic Arde'et, in the form in which we have it now, was composed at some time between the 14th and 17th centuries A. D. The term)ninusad quewnis given by the fact that manuscripts containing this work belong to the 17th or 18th century;2 the other date is naturally suggested (1) by the Amharic influence which appears throughout the book, showing itself in grammatical constructions, order of words, neglect of the cases, etc.; and (2) by the history of Ethiopic literature; for in the 14th century there was much literary activity in Abyssinia, especially during the reign of Zar'a Ya'qob, and a number of magic books are known to have been translated or composed at that time,3 among others a magic work which seems to be closely related to Arde'et, viz. Asmcta Egz^'entI "The Names of our Lord." Now the question arises at once whether Arde'et is an original Abyssinian composition, or whether it is a translation like the larger part of Ethiopic literature. The parallels quoted in the foregoing paragraph do not afford conclusive evidence; for the hypotheti-. cal author of Arde'et may have read them elsewhere and adopted them into his own composition. However this may be, we must count with the fact that there is (A) a long and (B) a short recension of Arde'et: the former is represented by the text published here; the latter by Basset's translation, published in his A4pocr-yphes ?th'iopiens.4 The short recension corresponds to ch. II, 17-30 and ch. VIII of the longer one, i. e. it gives only the names of Christ and the vision of hell. Moreover, we
I
2

Ib. p. 197.

Conti Rossini, Note per la storia letteraria abissina, p. 51, mentions

a manuscript in the British Museum, Or. 65, belonging to the XVI. century, but in Wright's Catalogue no Or. 65 is to be found. 3 See Conti Rossini, 1. c., ? 18.
4

No. VII: Enseignements de Jesus-Christ d ses Disciples.

E. Littmn2tn

[1904.

must take into consideration that a number of passages in A describing Abyssinian magic practices can scarcely have been translated, and again that there are other passages which seem to have been badly translated from a foreign language; among others the word Kfrdbos in VIII, 18 may be due to a wrong reading of an Arabic word (Qpnxi@ for )o U and the name Latandwi' may be explained from the Arabic. I conjecture, therefore, that the author (or compiler) of Arde'et had certain translations before him-perhaps chiefly chapters II, that he worked them over and incorporated VIII, IX-and them into his work, which, after all, may contain very little written by the man himself. Whatever the relation between recensions A and B may be, there is no doubt that, in spite of the somewhat rugged disposition of the matters and the abrupt transitions, the longer recension was compiled with the intention to make the whole a single connected narrative. This is shown by introduction and conclusion; ch. I, 5-7 gives a very brief idea of what is to be found in the ensuing work and refers to several of the events narrated in chs. II seq.; and again the verses IX, 8 seq. recapitulate what has been told in the entire book. A few words remain to be said here on what Arde'et contributes toward our knowledge of the so-called "philosophy of names." Although the idea of the power of the "name"1 rulls like a red thread through the whole book, and thus furnishes new material concerning the results reached by the recitation of names, the list of such names and their translations, given in For here ch. II, 18 seq., is perhaps even more interesting. we learn that, notwithstanding all the humbug and ignorance connected with the " names " and the epiesia graminmata, a great many of them had originally a definite meaning which was in keeping with the derivation of the word. In Awmau'Zl, "forgiver" (II, 20) we easily recognize the Hebrew bKfl2 "God is gracious "; Geyoim " rich " (ibid.) is very probably the Hebrew MY.V; and if LcthCk-, LchCun, Lahd2m is interpreted
' See below, p. 5. Cf. bNI~M and bK::M in Schwab, Paris, 1897, p, 130. '3Cf. bNkN, ib., p. 90.
2

Vocabulaire de 1'Angaologie,

Vol. xxv.]

1de'et:

The 2lfgig- Boo

<the of

Disciples.

here (II, 29) "god of gods," we see that the original meaning of the Aramaic 'Wllchda or the Arabic 'iljh is still reflected; Meuidter "all-keeper" (II, 24) seems to go back through a Greek MEvaT(T)rqp to a Hebrew-Aramaic KC)i'; JCmya " wise " (II, 20) may be derived from the Hebrew 1,fl2 another form for 11.VV7 1God erects," but its meaning here has been influenced by that of the Ethiopic word K}>nyO,3 which corresponds to the Greek TEXV&TVs. If we consider how often these names must have been copied and recopied, and through how many languages and hands they must have passed, it is only remarkable that there really are some words which are still intelligible. At the same time we see ag-ain that a large number of these " names " originated in Hebrew or Aramaic, and that Jewish demonology and angelology had a very widespread influence among the Christians of many different nations. Other hebrew names represented in our list, which have lost their original meanings, are: Iyhthe (vs. 18), Y-tiu (vs. 26), both as it seems to me, standing for law or Yahweh4; 8Mtrcah (vs. 18, standing for Sfirihel ?), with which we may compare InllD or bKlj or J)enthUl (vs. 18)6; AhfibyCtr and leniyCWr(vs. 19) correspond to the hebrew forms I1'1nNX and (vs. 22)= IyFU'Jl C Am.u2Ct'Jl (vs. 22) = 9; if 'bl (vs. 23) = '2X'1n \NIY; ?1o JCIryK~ (v. 23) is probably some derivative of the Aramaic
A-cirit; also the names 'El, 'El&lu,
Sh'&tbO<Jt,`2 LT1')-l

are recog-

nized to be Hebrew at first appearance. There may be one name in this list which is to be explained from the Arabic, viz: ; "he does not delay" (vs. 22); for this may be Lantwan

:,s M. But a number of Greek names also are to be found among the Abyssinian (3p/hesiatgramml)autct: I believe that most of the names ending ill -as at least have passed through the Greek. Such names in -as occur quite frequently in Ethiopic magic literature; six different names are given, e. g., in Arde'et,
'Cf. 10, 2 See Ee ib., p. 186. , ib., p. 156. 3 This is sometimes used as an attribute of God or Christ; see Dillmann, Lex. Aeth., s. v. 4 See Schwab, 1. c., pp. 141, 142, 290. 5 Ib., pp. 195, 196, 230. 6 lb., p. 104. I This is an Old Testament name; cf. Schwab, 1. c., p. 37. 81b., p. 144. 9Ib., p.212. 10Ib., p.70. 11Ib., p. 179. 12 Sabaoth was well known to the gnostics.

E. Littmcan,

[1904.

ch. VIII, 24. In this list, again, we meet several Hebrew names, but it would lead me too far here to treat of all these in In conclusion, I wish to refer to the parallel passages detail. given by Basset, in his Apocryp hes Athiolpiens, VIII, pp. 6 and 7, footnotes, and to the very instructive and interesting discussion of the "philosophy of names" by Tleitmiiller in his book Un"1In XAinmen Jesu," Zweiter Teil, -Religionsgeschichtliche tersuchung, especially pp. 156 seq. The mcnuscript from which the following text is published was acquired in 1900 in Jerusalem, and forms now No. 4 of my It consists of 81 small collection of Ethiopic manuscripts. The leaves of heavy parchment, measuring 19 X 13 centimeters. This written space measures 13 X 10 centimeters on an average. space is divided into two columns with a space of 1 cm. between them, each column containing 19 lines of bold but very regular The character of the script and the and well executed writing. condition of the parchment indicate that the manuscript is scarcely later than the 17th century. Leaf 1 is blank. Fol. 2 ro-34 vo contain a copy of Arde'et; fol. 35 ro-51 ro the prayer of Mary at BThrt6s; fol. 51 vo-81 ro The manuscript was written for a certhe prayer of Cyprian.' tain Gabra GIrgis, whose name appeared at the end of a number of inserted invocations, but has been erased almost throughout the book. Such insertions are known to be very common in Ethiopic prayers. They are doubtless in many cases later additions, but sometimes it seems as though they belonged to the All of them, however, are indicated in my translaoriginals. I thought it worth while to edit this text tion by smaller type. in Ethiopic, even from a single manuscript; for it is desirable that some, at least, of the Ethiopic magic books should be pubOn the other hand, I scarcely believe lished in the originals. that a comparison of many manuscripts would be of much avail in this case, particularly as my copy is one of the oldest of this book and presents on the whole a reasonably accurate text; I have, therefore, dispensed with an elaborate apparatus criticus. There are, of course, some mistakes which I have attempted to Every case in which my edition difcorrect from the context. Both were translated by Professor Basset in his Apocryphes Ethiopiens, Nos. V and VI.
I

Vol. xxv.]

Arcde'et: Rihe Magic Book of the Disciples.

fers from the manuscript has been indicated, except the punctuation, which I have changed in a few cases in order to make clearer the division of the sentences. WTords which I propose to omit are enclosed in parentheses, whereas brackets indicate additions of my own. I have also deemed it desirable to divide the whole into chapters and verses, a division which is not found in the manuscript. Some later reader, however, has indicated a division according to the days of the week by placing, in a very inelegant hand, the words " for Tuesday, etc." on the top margin of certain pages, but it is not always clear where in the text he intended to make the division. We find H'PA-(: on fol. 6 vo; Ht&lO: on 9 vo; Hdewn4A1I on 16 ro; HWC41 : on 21 ro; MIRYDx on 28 ro.; HOdkf.': on 33 ro. Besides this there are a number of marginal notes added by later hands. The other manuscripts of Arde'et, extant in European libraries, are enumerated in Dr. Conti Rossini's Note per la storia letteraria abissinta, p. 51, s. v. Arde'et. In this paragraph we should read "; 18" instead of "? 16." The manuscripts 573, 574, 578 of the British Museum mentioned here do not contain the work ordinarily called " Arde'et," but hymns addressed to the Apostles; a mistake must be contained in the figure 65 (see above, p. 4, footnote). 2ro.
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Vol. xxv.]

Arde'et:

The ]agic

Book' of the Disciples.

13

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Vol. xxv.]

Arde'et:

The lIiagic

Book of the -Disciples.

15

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Vol. xxv.]
I'9O.

Arde'et: Tlie Magic -Book of the Disciples.

17

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Vol. xxv-.]

Arde'et:

The

fagic -Book of the -Disciples.

25

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26

E. Littmann, CHAPTER
INTRODUCTION.

[1904.

I.

1 In the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Ghost, One God! [This is] the discourse concerning the 12 Disciples, as Jesus taught them by what they are to be saved from sin. 2 And to you also we shall tell, by what ye will be saved from every sin and from every evil thing and from the imprecation of men. 3 And by this be ye saved from every enemy and the poison of the serpent and from everything that has poison which kills soul and body; and from every disease and infirmity of the body and breaking of bones, and (by which they will be saved) from malediction and curse, and from all 4 And by this thou [,O Lord,] hast saved keepers of magic. them from all power of the enemy; and [it is told in this book] that the [Disciples] conquered and subdued Satan and cast him out, lest he approach them, and that they shall be saved from 2 vo every evil, from I calamity and from the demon of noontide. 5 And that they were saved from the chastisement of kings and princes (and by which they shall be saved); they cooled off And by this all creatures feared them. their wrath like water. 6 And by this they have found grace with all human creatures. And by this their throne has become honoured and exalted, and by this they were saved from the flame of fire. And by this their face shone like the sun before all people, heathen and 7 And [here is told] everything that has been done Christians. unto the 12 Disciples (and) by this, [namely] the names of Christ. 8 And everybody who believes and invokes, and reads [these names], by these names of Christ let him be saved from sin and from all bad and wicked and treacherous men, and from all 3 ro. disease[s] of soul and body, and from all demons I and evil 9 And Satan shall be driven out, and he shall not spirits. approach him who keeps these words, nor touch his dwelling, but that man's power shall be strong as a rock and his voice 10 And his face shall shall be heard as the voice of a lion. shine like the sun, and he shall find grace with all people; and his throne shall be exalted, and his honor shall be greater than [that of] all men, and no creature on earth shall overcome [him], and all men shall fear and tremble before his face; he shall defeat and subdue the power of all his enemies and he shall be like the 12 Disciples.

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27

CHAPTER II.
TEACHINGS OF CHRIST CONCERNING

His

NAME.

1 And Jesus rose amongst them, and He blessed them with the sign of the cross; Jesus spoke and said unto them: " Listen to me, to my word and my command; and I will give unto you all desire of your hearts, you my servants and you my friends and 3 vo. you I my heirs. 2 And I have selected you from all human creatures, and I have given you power that ye may raise the dead by the true faith, and heal all the sick by the Holy Ghost. 3 And make ye Satan as dry grass before the wind, and he shall be cast out by your prayer, and his power shall be broken, and he shall flee and be ashamed before you. 4 And I have not given to others what I have given to you, my truly beloved, you whose light shall not be extinguished forever, and whose joy shall not cease for generation and generation." 5 And the Disciples of Jesus Christ said unto him: " Truly hast thou spoken in thy word, 0 Lord, who hast said all this; for it will prevent us from being 4 ro. conquered by any man. If thou, 0 Lord, art with us I and if we believe in thee, give us, 0 Lord, that we may invoke thy holy and blessed name! " 6 And again Jesus Christ spoke to His Disciples and said unto them: "Be not afraid, but admonish all people. For there is nobody who can make you tremble or judge and kill you; if ye observe my word, I shall not be far from you at any time. 7 And I love you like myself, and I will rejoice you with my grace and kindness, and I will give you (all) life and salvation of your souls." 8 Thereupon He shewed unto them the mystery of the new world: He revealed unto them and told them his secret name. 9 [And He said:] "If ye can invoke this my name, ye shall be saved from sin, and from all power of the enemy. And he who invokes this my name like 4 vo. you, shall be saved and [not] be confounded I for ever and ever." 10 Thus save me, 0 Lord, me, thy servant [Gabra] Giorgis, be merciful and gracious unto me, [and] from all sin and from seduction of Satan and from all evil (and) preserve me, thy servant Gabra G(iorgis. 11 And He ascended on a mountain with His Disciples, and a shining cloud came and covered them. And Jesus wrote His holy names and gave them to His Disciples and said unto them: "Take [what] I give you; and it shall bring' you grace and
1 Literally

" be."

28

E. Littntann,

[1904.

12 And they took this book, sealed as it life and salvation." was, and said to Jesus: " But we can not open this book, 0 our Lord and Master; only thou canst open it." 13 Again Jesus said to His Disciples: " Thus they shall not be able to make 5 ro. you tremble or I to conquer you, any one who has power, either men, or the evil demons, who seduce mankind, because of the power of these my names. 14 But ye shall conquer all men, and ye shall destroy and subdue all power of the enemy and of But your own power shall not the evil and unclean spirits. And now, who weaken, because of my power and strength. among you has the power of faith, shall open this book." 15 And He laid His hand on Peter's head and blessed him and gave him [power] to open this book. And its treasures were 16 And when they saw that the book opened and disclosed. Thereupon they praised was opened, they rejoiced exceedingly. name and adored His Christ's Jesus and blessed and lauded to Him. And prayed they and at this marvelling I 5 vo. throne, seen a wonderhave we " To-day themselves: among they said ful miracle, the like we have not seen before." 17 And again Jesus Christ said unto His Disciples: "Take from this once more and keep this my word, and my speech, and do not corrupt it: know ye, I have spoken unto you, contemplate and learn and think that ye may be saved from temptation and sin. For great and honoured is this my speech and this my name." 18 And after that Jesus told them His names, and said unto them "Iydhe means awful Sfrdhe means great _Demahdl means strong 19 Aqh4dir means rich Abycter means merciful ter means chastiser ]eny 20 Amnn'dl means forgiver Je{nyo, means wise Geyon means rich 21 Seqd means judge Seqo, means all-embracing 6 ro. Satanusw I means all-creator 22 Latanmwi [means] he does not delay Iya'Wl means he whom all fear Alnoz'Wl means imperishable

Vol. xxv.]

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23 1 (?) means helper [means] Saviour Afrc'l [tlryogi means all-preserver 24 Jifentjtr means all-keeper El, El, El means judge of all AkW means all-sufferer 25 ElPhe means all-bearer -M-to, means rejoicer Ied&Wmeans healer of all ill 26 YmU means true, upright 8abC- t means clement Af means humble 27 Afyjktr5 means patient Lade, LOhR, LTdh means pure of all sin 3cfstacdycs means just 28 Aficr, Afitr, Afar means giver and taker Afreyon means awful of voice A.fefr0,nJti means king of kings 29 LcActhih,Lcethcjn, Lchdun means god of gods UrCt'l means judge of judges." 6 vo. 30 And there is no other god besides Him in heaven j above and on earth below, One God is He, Jesus Christ, Sabdi'5t, Holy, Holy, Holy, Immortal, from now and for ever and ever, Amen! 31 And after Jesus had finished telling His names again Jesus said to His Disciples: "Go and teach and preach in my name! Heal the lepers by this my name, cast out the demons by this my name; and ye will be saved from this power of the malignant 'demons. 32 Close their mouths by this my name; and ye will be saved from the fire-eater by this my name; and ye will find full favor and perfect grace with all peoples of the earth and [with] the kings by this my name. 33 And there is nobody who shall be able to overpower you; all creatures shall fear 7 ro. and tremble and be afraid of your I voice, and all unclean spirits 34 And when you lay this my name [on shall be driven away. somebody], speak thus: 'Give us 0 Lord by the power of these thy names full favor and perfect grace with all people; let all living beings fear us and let them tremble before our voice."' 35 And by the power of these thy names may the satans be driven away and not approach me and may they not touch my soul or my body, thy servant . . . Giorgis.

30

E. Littmnrn, Doings of the Disciples

[1904.

by the power of Christ's name (Ch.

III- VI)). CHAPTER III.

HEALING
OF SICK PEOPLE AND DRIVING
OIUT

OF

DEMONS.

1 And the 12 Disciples went into all countries to kings and rulers. And they said unto them: "Believe in the Lord the And if ye believe God of all flesh, that ye learn and believe! 2 All us, ye shall be saved by this name of our Saviour." people said among one another: " Pray, tell us how your faith 7 vo. is, and pray, heal these I sick. And if ye have faith, we shall 3 And the Disciples said unto all people: believe in your God." " Come [and] see! and bring all sick and diseased, that we may heal them by the grace of God." 4 And the 12 Disciples read these names of God, and while they were praying, heaven was opened unto them; and they saw [it] open. And when they had seen it open, then they rejoiced greatly, and their faces shone And all people feared brighter than the sun before all people. them and were afraid of their voice, and all the sick were 5 Thus heal me, thy servant . . Giorgis. healed by these words. 6 And all the people believed in their words, and they said Ye are to them: "Ye are truly the Disciples of Jesus Christ. 8 ro. strong I by [the power of] the Holy Ghost and in faith." 7 And again they went to shew the faith in this prayer, and they came to [a place] where many demons were assembled. And they prayed this prayer, and they invoked the names of God. And they took sand in their hands and looked up lifting 8 They united in prayer saying their eyes towards heaven. 0 Lord, all demons who beset us; one "Disperse, voice: with names close their mouth and holy thy of these the power by And after they had said this, they destroy their power." 9 And all unclean demons perished cast the sand against them. and were destroyed by these names of Christ: Seven thousand 10 Thus disone hundred and forty (?) demons were dispersed. 8 vo. perse all demons and unclean spirits i that beset me and (that) are ... By the power of these thy stronger than I, thy servant .... names save me, 0 Lord, from all evil war and murder and the mouth of the enemy and the thrusting of lances and the flying of arrows and the throwing of stones. 11 And from every man who devours and who

Vol. xxv.1

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31

is devoured, and from every man who inflicts plagues, and from every man who touches and who is touched [with magical power], and from every strong man and oppressor, and from every deceiver and calumniator, and from every oppressor and violent man, and from every idol, mart and mdrit; and from every root and poison and from every man who reviles and curses; and from all who eat flesh and drink blood; and from every enemy within and without (?),Iand from every man who 9 ro. kills the soul and [every] waylayer. 12 And from every snake I and serpent having poison which kills life,2 and from every wicked man who corrupts soul by soul. and from everything [evil] which I have seen and heard and which I have not heard, within and without,' far and near, and from every one who designs evil against me, save . 13 0 Lord, protect us from every disease me, thy servant...... and trouble and infirmity of soul and body, and from every disease of maqudy3 and colic and calamity4 and the demon of noontide and the disease of lowlands and highlands. 14 And from all this-Jesus said: And every man who believes and reads [these names] and is washed and purified by this prayer; it shall bring him perfect grace and [it shall be] a subduer of enemies and an expeller of demons and a salvation of the soul and a purification of sin on the last day-may it be [such] to thy servant.......

CHAPTER 9 vo.

IV.

DOINGS OF THE DISCIPLES IN PERSIA. 1 And after the 12 Disciples had finished this work, then they went to (all) the people of Persia, to preach and to speak and teach all people of Persia. They came to 77 kings and rulers, and they stood up among them and said to them: 2 " Behold, our Lord has sent us to you that we speak unto you and heal all your sick by the grace of Jesus Christ. And if ye believe, ye shall find life and salvation of your soul[s]. But if ye refuse to listen to our words and to our command, behold, God shall judge you in his wrath, and no one of the other gods in whom ye believe, shall save you." 3 Thereupon all the people became 10 ro. angry and said to the 12 Disciples: "Ye being men I like ourselves, by what power do ye heal the sick and east out the demons
1 This meaning is merely guessed; the Ethiopic word HJI(ll may be a mistake for HO/P. But perhaps there is a mistranslation in the Ethiopic text. 2 Literally "soul." I The meaning of this word is uncertain, it is perhaps to be derived from haqu s " hip." 4 Dilimannn: malum improvisum.

32

E. Littrmann,

[1904.

by your word ? Where is your God ? Tell us clearly so that we 4 And there was a man among the people of may believe you." Persia who believed in the name of Jesus Christ, whose name was Qiros and whose wife, called Sftreq, was possessed by a demon; he fell down before the 12 Disciples and said unto 5 "Since I left my mother's womb I have believed in them: the name of Jesus Christ, and I have worshipped no 9ther God. Truly ye are the Disciples of- Christ, who And ye are blessed. (can) endure and teach all people, and by your prayer truly all sick and diseased are healed; and by your word the unclean 10 vo. demons leave. I And I believe in you myself. Come, and heal my 6 And the 12 Diswife, that all people may learn your faith." ciples said to Qiros: "Behold, be not afraid, 0 Qir6s, believe in Christ! behold thy wife shall be.healed by the true word of And they made her to sleep on her bed, and they all faith." 7 And they prayed over her and blessed her with their hands. said all together: " In the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Ghost, One God." And they read these names of God and said: "Leave, evil demon, -by the power of the names of Christ !" And they stretched forth their hands together and 8 They asked and looked up lifting their eyes toward heaven. by the power of Lord, 0 " us, Give in unison: prayed, and said true faith I by the and authority [of] 11 ro. these thy names power the diseased. (and) strong and [make] sick all heal which we may [power] names these of thy the power by 0 Lord, us, Give 9 and authority [of] the true faith; give us, 0 Lord, [power] by which ye may cast out all demons and evil spirits; by the power of these thy names [give us] salvation and subduing of the enemy by the true faith, and perfect grace with all peoples and kings and rulers of the earth, life and salvation on earth and 10 Give us spiritual penitence which turns us to in heaven. Give us the true faith and the thee all the days of our life. holy' prayer which drives away all disease of soul and body. -12 and 11 may it be for everyone, [and] for thy servant .... which foils the incantations and the doings of men, and purifies from sin and annihilates our trespasses and offenses: give us 13 Give us strength 11 vo. all that our heart I asks from thee. and fearsome awe that we may enter and destroy the power of Give us the true faith which all our enemies and adversaries. seals the mouths and binds the tongues and closes the throats of

Vol. xxv.]

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33

all who slander us and speak evil against us. 14 Give us the true faith which strengthens our loins and consolidates our hearts and makes strong (?) our souls so that we are not afraid, day or night, of the wrath of kings and of rulers. 15 Give us, 0 Lord, the true faith and the holy prayer that none who plan and do wrong may overpower us, destroy their plans and baffle the thoughts of their hearts and their counsels and paralyze what they speak with their tongues, and turn off what they speak with their mouths. 16 Give us, 0 Lord, the true faith 12 ro. and i the holy prayer by which the waylayers flee and escape. And as to those who kill the soul-shatter their shields and their 17 Give us spears, and may their bows and arrows be broken. wisdom and gentle knowledge, patience and spiritual humbleness, that we may learn and perceive how Satan shall not seduce us nor make us fall into the pit of sin. Give us strong help and hope, Amen ! 18 And by the true faith let us find reward with thee on the day of compensation and (on the day) of judgment, then may thy grace find us! Before thee [let us find] eternal joy and everlasting bliss, and let us be satisfied with the blessing of thy house in safety and peace after the evil days. 19 Give us the true faith and the holy prayer, by which the 12 vo. keepers of sorcery may not overpower us; abash and foil I their witchcraft and destroy their power and shatter all their work. 20 Give us the true faith and the holy prayer that we may not be overpowered by the blasphemers and slanderers (?) who curse us in the evening and in the morning, by sun and moon [light], on mountains and on hills, with praise and with incense touching the altar, and looking in the water and knocking on the ground; as to those who curse us by these things, do not hear (them) any wish of their hearts and do not accept their incense, and let their curse fall back upon their heads and let them be rooted out for ever and ever, Amen ! 21 Give us the true faith and the holy prayer, by which the evil gods cannot overpower us; destroy their idols and shatter their thrones. 22 Give us the new light and enlighten the eyes of our hearts and remove the stumbling-[block] from [before] our feet (?). And lead us 13 ro. on the right path and bring us where we I wish to go in peace. 23 Give us the true faith and the holy and profitable and quickening prayer; make thy Holy Ghost come down from heaven, from thee, that it be a healing for all sick and diseased. And

34

E. Litntanu,

[1904.

bless with its fruit our children for our generation [and] for ever, Amen ! 24 Give us that all this which we have spoken with our mouths and our tongues may come to us from (?) thy which exalted dwelling and the sacred place of thy glory,-this we have asked thee; and we have prayed unto thee that our prayer may not be in vain', help us soon to-day on this day. 25 Give us the true faith, glory and wealth and perfect grace with all peoples and kings [and] rulers of the earth. 26 As thou gatherest the cloud[s] and sheddest the water on the face of the 13 vo. earth, thus make rain and shed I grace upon me in my face, that it be a coat of mail and a protecting shield; like a hen that covers and shields her young under her wings, thus shield and protect me under the cover of thy wings, with thy protecting shield; and with thy holy right hand and with thy strong power protect me against all thy punishment and thy wrath, and lead me out by thy fear, thy servant ...... 27 If it is thy will, show thy power and thy authority to-day on this holy day; heal this woman soon that they may know us and [know] that we have the true faith and are truly thy Disciples; and that thou hast created and shaped us, [and] that there is truly no other god beside thee, in heaven above and on To I thee belongs glory and praise for ever and 14 ro. earth below. ever, Amen !" 28 And after they had finished their prayer and their request, God heard them from heaven, His holy place, and gave to the 12 Disciples all that their heart requested: and they breathed their spirit into her ear and washed her with the water 29 And she rose straightway of prayer, and she became whole. and fell down before them and exulted and rejoiced with great joy. But Satan left by the prayer of the 12 Disciples, and 30 And likewise heal me, 0 Lord, thus they healed this woman. from all disease of my soul and my body and keep away all demons . 31 And when all the kings and rulers from thy servant ..... and people saw that this woman was healed, one half of them,1 14 vo. who did not recognize,2perished and were destroyed for ever ! But those who believed were saved from and ever-Amen all disease and trouble of their souls by these names of Christ. 32 Thus save me and protect me, 0 Lord, by the power of these thy 33 For Jesus said: Everyone who . names, thy servant ..... believes and who invokes this my name, shall be saved and shall not be confounded for ever and ever. 34 Thus let myself not be . 35 And everyone who is confounded, thy servant ......
1 Literally

"return naked."

Perhaps mistake for " believe."

Vol. xxv.]

Arde'et:

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35

washed and cleansed by the prayer of the 12 Disciples, shall not be approached by any power of evil or unclean spirits. 36 Drive away all power of the enemy and let him not inflict any disease or infirmity upon the soul and the body of thy servant ....... 15 ro. Thus, 0 Lord, save me by the power of these thy names. I And by the prayer of thy holy Disciples preserve my soul and my body, that of 37 And they set QIrds over all, even over thy servant ...... By what ? two kings, and made him heir of their country. 38 And the people spoke By the prayer of the 12 Disciples.1 among themselves, they saw and wondered and believed in the 12 Disciples and in Christ who had made powerful the prayer of the 12 Disciples and in Christ whose throne is glorious and exalted and who is free from temptation and subdues the power of all his 39 Thus save me, 0 Lord, from temptaenemies and adversaries. . By the power of tion; bless me and protect me, thy servant .... these thy names exalt my throne, and humble and abash my enemies and adversaries and crush them under the stool of my feet, of thy serfor ever and ever, Amen! 40 [They said:] " All 1 vant ... 15 vo. who believe in the name of Christ, come, let us unite to extol these Disciples of Christ. And let us destroy the gods and burn [them] with fire, and let us not worship any other gods besides And let us believe in their prayer that we may be saved theirs. from every chastisement of God's wrath which burns and blazes [heavier] than a flame of fire." 41 And they gathered their gods and burned [them] with fire, and all their gods perished, and none 42 Thus make perish, 0 Lord, all demons among them was saved. and evil spirits who eat flesh and drink blood; who crush the bones and seduce the children of men: drive them away, 0 Lord. by the power of these thy names, and by the prayer of thy holy Disciples, from thy ser43 And they were converted to the Lord God. 16 ro. vant ..... And they were saved by the prayer of the 12 Disciples, and became good and compassionate [people], and their generations 44 Thus bless me, 0 Lord, were blessed for ever and ever, Amen. by the power of these thy names, and by the prayer of the 12 Disciples. . ... for ever and ever, Preserve me and protect me, thy servant Amen!
1 The text does not seem to be altogether

certain here.

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CHAPTER V.
DOINGS OF THE
DISCIPLES

IN SODOM

AND

GOMORRHA.

1 And after that the 12 Disciples arose and went away, after 2 And these Disciples they had healed all sick and diseased. said: " Come, let us go to the land of Sodom and Gomorrha, And let us not let us speak to them and give them precepts. fear the earthly death for the name of God; for God is with us, and nobody can overpower us because of this name of our 3 And they are the people I who have incensed God Saviour. 16 vo. by their evil doing[s] and have polluted themselves by their Come, let many sins, and have made themselves like animals. us take courage and not be afraid of them ahd let us rebuke 4 And they went to the land of them with true admonition." Sodom and Gomorrha and preached and taught, saying unto them: "Believe ye in the Lord God, your creator ! But as to us, if we die for the name of Christ, [we shall receive] great reward in heaven, and we shall find gain and receive grace [and] 5 And if ye refuse to listen to our reward and life from Him. words and commands, the Lord our God will judge you; but if ye listen to [our] word [and] our commands, your sins will be forgiven unto you and God will desist from His wrath against 17 vo. you. 6 If ye I repent and take refuge with Him, do not wor7 Do not go to ship other gods; for the gods cannot save you. the wife of [another] man' and do not kill the soul of your friend, that God may not kill you, [and deliver you] unto pun8 Behold, your end is near and has ishment in the hell-fire. arrived, and there will be hunger and pestilence; your country will perish and vanish and be as if it had never been created." 9 And when the 12 Disciples admonished them thus, the people, became angry and enraged, then they hurled many maledictions against them and they seized the 12 Disciples, and said to them: 10 " Why do ye give us commands which we do not know? Behold, we shall kill you; let us see who shall save you to-day a 17 vo. from our hands, you who pride yourselves without having 11 Again the 12 Disciples said to them: "Trusting helper." in the true faith and strengthened by the Holy Ghost, we do "l'. 1 Perhaps we should read ftit' . 40
(or 1') >nt1h " man to man."

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not fear you, for ye will not be able to kill us; God will help us and deliver us from your hands to-day, but ye will be with12 Ye are unclean and cursed, ye are out strength or power. 13 And they bound their in sin and in bodies without souls." of God And an descended from heaven and hands feet. angel and came to the 12 Disciples at the time of midnight, saying unto them: "Be not afraid, ye apostles [and] servants of God, select and strengthened by the Holy Ghost." 14 And then And then they prayed and they fell down on their knees. 18 ro. asked and invoked these names: God I opened their fetters and their faces shone brighter than sun and moon before all [people], and the 12 Disciples said: 15 " See how the Lord our God has saved us and [how] our fetters have been opened by the power of our God." 16 And [even] after they had seen that their fetters had been opened, none of them believed except one whose name was Lot; and again they said to the 12 Disciples: 17 "Behold, we shall throw you into a fiery furnace, and then, let us see who shall bring you out of this fire." 18 But these Disciples said to them: " Fire will be like cold water by the will of the Lord our God, and water will be like fire. Without the will of the Lord our God no fire can reach us or touch 18 vo. us." 19 And I Lot said to all the people: "Do not do this thing, and likewise do not revile them. Come, come, let us listen to their word and let us keep their commands. 20 For truly they' are the Disciples and have the true faith, and I believe in their prayer, and will not walk in your works nor 21 And when they heard these words of follow your traces." Lot, all the people became angry and said to him: " Thou also, if thou believest in them-let us see, how they will save thee, they who can not save themselves!" 22 But then Lot took courage and united with the 12 Disciples. And they heated a pit of fire seven times.2 23 And the Disciples said to Lot: " Be not afraid 19 ro. and let thy heart not fear; behold, I God is with thee, He will save thee." 24 And the 12 Disciples prayed these names of Christ, and took sand in their hands and cast it in the fire, saying: " Make, 0 Lord, this fire like cold water!" while all the people witnessed [it] with their own eyes. 25 And they said: "We must believe them to be keepers of magic art more than3
l

MS. "ye."
VOL. XXV.

Cf. Dan. iii. 19 (Torrey). 5

3Suggestion

of Prof. Torrey.

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[1904.

all [other] men, because they have escaped (?); and now come, let 26 And they gave 12 full cups to the 12 us give them poison." prayed to God and read these names disciples But the Disciples. 0 Lord our God and our Saviour, "Thou, 27 of God, saying: of these thy names so that they the power by [destroy] this poison people these that and us kill not 19 vo. can I of the land be abashed!" and saying: "IIn the faces, their crossed 28 And then they Ghost " they took Holy the and Son the and Father the of name [it] and drank [it], but all this tribulation did not harm them. 29 The people tried them with all [devices], but they could not overpower them. Then all the people said among themselves: 30 "Never until to-day have we seen such evildoers, whom no man can overpower and who have made our strong fetters 31 And since we like fire, and fire they made like cold water. have punished them in all [possible ways] and have not overLet us drive the powered them, what shall we do unto them? 12 Disciples away from our country !" 32 But they said to all the [people of] Sodom and Gomorrha: " See the powerfof God, that saves us from your hands! But ye have no power or 33 And they went away I from that land, and said 20 ro. strength!" to Lot: "ICome quickly, leave with us this town, for the end of this land has come." And Lot departed with his children and his wife; and the 12 Disciples cursed the people of Sodom and 34 And God Gomorrha, and shook the dust from their feet. made a flame of fire come down from heaven upon them; the 88 gates of this land were extinguished and exterminated for ever and all [its people] perished because of the and ever-Amen-, curse of the 12 Disciples, that it should be a witness for them. And no one among them escaped; it became a desert, as though it had never been. 35 Thus extinguish and exterminate my enemies .... Save me, 0 Lord, and adversaries, those of thy servant ... 20 vo. from the I unclean spirits and the bad men who beset us and the wicked ones who beset [us] night and day: abash them and drive them away from me by the power of these thy names. Keep me and protect me 36 And Lot was and defend me and shelter me, thy servant ..... a chosen one of God, and was blessed and saved because he believed in the prayer of the 12 Disciples; and Lot was strong 37 Make me like him, 0 Lord, and save me and in the true faith. lead me out of every persecution and temptation, and evil speech and imprecations, by the power of these thy names and the prayer of the 12 38 Be merciful and gracious unto Disciples, me thy servant ......

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me and do not be far from me at any time. Thou art my God and my 21 ro. Lord, protect me with thy strong right hand and strengthen I me, thy servant.

THE DISCIPLES

CHAPTER
AND 88

VI.
AND

KINGS

140

CITIES.

1 And after the 12 Disciples had manifested these things, they went into all lands. And on the road they found 88 kings and 1401 cities assembled worshipping other gods. 2 And the 12 Disciples came and said: " In the name of the Father and the Be abashed and ashamed Son and the Holy Ghost, One God! all ye who worship other gods; but ye, who believe in the name of our God, shall be saved by these names of Christ." 3 And after the 12 Disciples had said this, the 88 [kings] gathered against the 12 Disciples and intended to kill them; but the Disciples prayed then, raising their eyes and lifting their thoughts and stretching forth their hands toward heaven. 4 And 21 vo. they said, united in one thought l "Exalt, praise and laud [Him] !" 5 And they said: " Blessed art thou, 0 Lord, our God; lauded and praised be thy name for ever. For we are thy servants who invoke thy everlasting (?) name; and now, hear us, o Lord, [grant] the desire of our hearts and do not make us a derision of the enemy. 6 Save us, 0 Lord, by the power of these from names this thy people and [these] kings and rulers and the evildoers: abash them before us and behind us. And destroy their power, [make it] like the grass of the roofs, and disperse their counsel and their gathering that they cannot overpower us, 7 Save us, 0 Lord, our God, by the power of these thy Amen! names from all evil men and mourners2 who [try to] kill us,-by 8 Save us, 0 Lord, our the power of these thy names, Amen! 22 ro. God, by the power of these I thy names from all evil and [from] the demon of noontide and from calamity; by day and by night drive them away, and keep them far [from us] that they may not beset us, but be abashed by thy grace and mercy, Amen! 9 Save us, 0 Lord, our God, by the power of these thy names, from all intriguers and deceivers and oppressors, shatter their
' The MS. has here 130; in the other places we read 140. Perhaps ' deceivers," if we read 7'tbWXP instead of AM"T.

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power and baffle their counsel, and paralyze their intentions, 10 Save us, 0 Lord, our God, by the power of these Amen! thy names from those who frighten and endanger our soul and body, and [from] the serpent and the dragon, who pierces and bites with his teeth and his tongue and scratches with his claw 11 Save -drive [him] away and avert [him] from me, Amen! us, 0 Lord our God, by the power of these thy names from all 22 vo. keepers of magic art, who corrupt the soul and who make poisons with skin and pillows, with sweat and the nails of our hands and the hair of our heads and the nails of our feet, and with the hair of our eye-[brows] and the hair of our clothes and the hair of our girdles, and where we eat and drink,' out of our whole souls and [such] poisons and make their power like ashes. bodies,-destroy like cold water and like soft lead (sic!) that nobody be May they Amen! 12 Save us, 0 Lord, our God, by us, overpower can the power of these thy names from all punishment by thy wrath and [from] reviling speech, and those who revile us, let them be detested' with all men. And those who are wroth against usmay God let the punishment of his wrath come upon them, 13 Save us, 0 Lord, our God, by the power of these I 23 ro. Amen. thy names from all the persecution of Satan, from seducing lust, from all the nets of death, and abash Satan that he flee and be ashamed and not approach us; and let his power be shattered and his counsel be destroyed [that it be] like ashes, Amen! 14 Save us, 0 Lord, our God, by the power of these thy names from all intriguing men and those who calumniate with words and tongue, and disperse their counsel and cut off their tongues with [thy] sword, Amen! 15 Save us, 0 Lord, our God, by these thy names from the short days, from the evil day, and from the Guard me and protect my soul and my body hours of temptation. and in peace, me, thy servant ...... in health and let me dwell 16 Save us, 0 Lord, our God, by the power of these thy names 23 vo from all I enemies who kill our souls: let their power be broken and their shield be shattered and let their lances and arrows 17 Save us, 0 Lord, our God, by turn back upon themselves. the power of these thy names from a'.death in sin, from the fireI This may refer to the belief that if applied to a person while eating. 2 Read 1f4+'M instead of 114eon.

magic

is particularly

effective

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eater:' let us find grace and mercy before thee and let us not be 18 Save us, 0 Lord, ashamed before thee in the end, Amen. our God, by the power of these thy names, from disease and infirmity and from breaking of the bones of the body. 19 And heal speedily by thy grace and mercy thy servant ...... 20 Save us, 0 Lord, our God by the power of these thy names from the disease of maq'?y2 and colic, and [from] diseases of the eye and the head. 21 And avert [them], 0 Lord, and remove | 24 ro. them from me and raise me from my fall, me thy servant .... Amen. 22 Save us, 0 Lord, our God, by the power of these thy names, from disease' of ours feet and from tears of our4 eyes. Strengthen our feet on the path of peace and enlighten the eyes Give us, of our hearts, and lead us and sustain us in the good. o Lord, knowledge without grief [and] knowledge without 23 And fill my heart with joy and gladness, that of thy hypocrisy. servant ... Amen! 24 Save us, 0 Lord, our God, by the power of these thy names from all grief and calamity; and from all turpitude on earth and in heaven; [let us do] only honest things; and from eternal punishment and flaming fire; bestow on us joy on earth and life in heaven. 25 Do not forsake me, thy servant .... 24 vo. 26 Grant us all this that we have spoken with I our mouths and have asked, and do not treat us like other people: but love us more than all human creatures, bless us and have mercy upon us, guard us and protect us and confirm us, thou who hast fastened heaven without a pillar and the earth on the water. 27 Thus confirm me, 0 Lord, thy servant . 28 By the power of these thy names and by the power of thy kingdom and by the strength of thy throne, thou art our Lord God. Save us from all Guard us evil on earth and from all condemnation in heaven. and protect us also from being overpowered by any bad man,29 [guard me also,] thy servant ..... 30 who speak [evil] with their mouths and voices and who plan [evil] in their hearts, from every heavy punishment in heaven; from all this save us 25 ro. by the power of these thy names and I by the strength of thy throne and by thy exalted dwelling; and by the glory of thy imperishable kingdom, by thy full and sweet everlasting kindness. 31 Save me and defend me: in this world and in the coming world . Amen! thy grace and thy mercy be upon me, thy servant .... .
I

Perhaps " the consuming ((l'4I.) fire." " chastisement." 3Literally

See above p. 31, ann. 3. MS. "my."

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32 Be not far from us, but be with us always at every time, help us speedily to-day, on this day let thy kindness be revealed upon us.' And thy will and thy pleasure be done; we cannot 33 But with thee everything is carried carry out this thing. out by thy word and thy commandment; carry out on us thy great mercy and grace, and let thy salvation fill all our hearts And let all this that we have asked and with joy and gladness. 25 vo. that we have said, I be done speedily; help us to-day, on this day. 34 Thus hear my prayer that I have asked from thee, I, thy servant.... 35 To thee be praise and laud for ever and ever, Amen." 36 And after they had finished these words, God granted their request and all the desires of their hearts; because they believed, 37 And God said to his Disciples: he heard their request. in faith, come ye to me; for I have "My servants, strong Take [what] I give unto creatures. human chosen you out of all the skies and [farther of dew the than abundant more you; grace reaching] than the width of the earth; I love and favor you 38 But now speak and announce to all creatures, exceedingly. 26 ro. that whosoever believes in you, believes I in me and shall be saved by your prayer, and if any one does not believe in you, behold, ye shall see to-day, how I shall punish them in my wrath, and I shall disperse them like sand on the earth, for even the heavens and the earth cannot bear my wrath; the whole creation shall fear and tremble and be terrified." 39 When these Disciples heard this, they thanked the Lord and praised their God, and they said to all the people: " Ye have 40 And straightrefused to listen to our word and command." way they were terrified and appalled by the fear in their hearts, and their gods were exterminated and rooted out for ever, by this prayer of the names of Christ. 41 And while [the Disciples] crossed their faces and prayed and read these names of 26 vo. Christ, the hands I and the feet of these people became dry like wood, and their bows and arrows were broken and came back And their shields and lances were shattered; upon themselves. they were abashed and ashamed before the(m) [Disciples]. 42 In the same way may the hands and the feet of all my enemies and adversaries be broken, and their power be shattered and their eyes become blind and their mouths be bound and their throats be shut; may
1

MS. " me."

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they not be able to speak and may they be abashed and ashamed. And keep all the demons that beset me away from me, and save me by the power of these thy holy names, and I have taken refuge in the prayer of the 12 Disciples, I, thy servant ...... 43 And the 12 Apostles were saved by the power of these names of Christ from the hands 27 ro. of all the 88 kings and 140 cities I who worshipped other gods. 44 Thou who hast saved the 12 Disciples, save me in the same way as them, 0 Lord, my God, from the fiery furnace in heaven and from all evil on earth. 0 Lord, choose me and be pleased with my soul and my body, [with] me, thy servant ..... . 45 [Then] the 12 Disciples converted the 88 kings [and] the 140 cities and made them forsake their gods and brought them back to the Lord their God.

CHAPTER
HYMN OF THE

VII.
DISCIPLES.

1 After he had revealed their true faith and their uplifting prayer to all peoples of the earth, they thanked and praised the Lord, their God, they lauded and sang with one mouth, and they said in unison: 2 " [Alleluia,] thou art clement, 0 Lord, Amen. Alleluia, thou art righteous, 0 Lord, Amen. 27 vo. Alleluia, thou art merciful, 0 l Lord, Amen. 3 Alleluia, thou art true, 0 Lord, Amen. Alleluia, be thou' gracious unto us, 0 Lord, Amen. Alleluia, thou art pure, 0 Lord, Amen. 4 Alleluia, thou art without impurity of sin, 0 Lord, Amen. Alleluia, thou art praised, 0 Lord, and thou art blessed, 0 Lord, Amen. Alleluia, thou art awful, 0 Lord, Amen. 5 Alleluia, thou art mighty, 0 Lord, Amen. Alleluia, thou art strong, 0 Lord, Amen. Alleluia, thou art wise, 0 Lord, Amen. 6 Alleluia, thou art exalted, 0 Lord, Amen. Alleluia, thou art faithful, 0 Lord, Amen. Alleluia, thou art forbearing, 0 Lord, Amen. 7 Alleluia, thou givest life, 0 Lord, Amen. Alleluia, thou raisest, 0 Lord, Amen. Alleluia, thou art knowing, 0 Lord, Amen.
I

Probably a mistake for " thou art."

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28 ro.

8 Alleluia, thou art the king of kings, 0 Lord, Amen. Alleluia, thou art the I god of gods, 0 Lord, Amen. Alleluia, to thee belong praise and thanks for ever and ever, Amen. 9 Thee we worship on our knees, and we believe in thy living name for ever and ever, Amen !"

CHAPTER
CHRIST

VIII.
PLACE OF CONDEMNATION.

SHOWS

His

DISCIPLES

THE

1 And after all this had happened to the 12 Disciples, they again asked our Lord Jesus Christ and said to Him: " Behold, thou hast given us all that we have asked thee, and thou hast shown us the light which does not go out for ever and ever, and the joy which does not end for generation and generation. But now show us the sight of the judgment that we may learn 2 And He said unto them: "Better and perceive its likeness." than to see it would be for you not to see this sight of the For if ye see the smoke of the judgment, your soul judgment. 3 But therewill fear and tremble; desist, do not see [it]!" 28 vo. after I He showed them a bubbling stream of fire full from its top to its bottom, with reeking and fetid smoke. And when they saw the smoke of the judgment from a distance, tormenting 4 And they fell on their faces and were pain came over them. terrified, weeping bitter tears, and they were like corpses forty 5 And after that Jesus Christ called days and forty nights. 6 And the Apostles: "Rise and be not afraid, my servants!" " We and said: their faces, and crossed they rose straightway faces on our had fallen When we a thing. seen stupendous have having seen [the judgment], we crossed our faces, and we were For when we had seen the smoke of the judglike corpses. ment we wept bitter tears and we said, ' We are born in vain."' 7 And Jesus said unto them: "Have I not told you that it 29 ro. would be better for you not to see this I judgment than to see it ?" 8 And the Disciples of Jesus answered him: "It is true, o Lord, that thou hast told us [so]. But now tell us, 0 Lord, how a man can be saved from this consuming fire!" 9 And the 12 Disciples wept [tears that were] like a stream of ten 10 " Why Then the Disciples of Jesus said to Him: winters. hast thou created our father Adam in thy image and in thy

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likeness? Do not destroy the work of thy hands! But now tell us openly, 0 our Lord, 0 our Master, by what man can be saved from sin! For if thou art not merciful unto us, there is no good deed in us; but if thou art merciful unto us, we are called righteous and pure. 11 Then will be known thy mercy upon us sinners and trespassers. But with us there is no one good and righteous and pure like thee, our Lord, our Master, for 29 vo. there is no man that does not sin I before thee, 0 our Lord. 12 Is there any wood that does not become putrid, or a man who would be found perfect, except thee ? 13 0 Lord, do not punish me in thy wrath and do not chastise me with thy punishment, me thy servant..... 14 For there is none that can stand before thy face; heaven and earth can not bear thy wrath. But save us, that we may be saved from thy hand." 15 Again Jesus Christ said unto His Disciples: "I shall tell you truly; but do not reveal these my words [to anybody], and [this is] because he cannot bear or And when I tell you the secret, heaven will keep [them]. burn and earth will be fire. 16 And to you everything is revealed, nothing have I concealed from you, and no one hold 30 ro. I equal unto you except Mary my mother, who bore me in her womb nine months and embraced me with her arm' and nursed me from a breast sweeter than honey and salt; 17 and except John the Virgin, who baptized me in the river of Jordan and who touched my head which cannot be touched and which even the blaze of fire cannot touch-he took it in his hand; 18 and except Abraham my Beloved, with whom I made a covenant in the land of Kirab58s2, standing in a column of clouds, to whom I sent down a sheep as a ransom for his son Isaak, and to whom I revealed secret mysteries; 19 except [also] my servant Moses the prophet with whom I spoke voice to voice and to whom I gave victory over the enemy and whom I set over the Children of Israel 72 years." 20 And the Disciples of Jesus asked him that he might reveal unto them His secret name. 21 After that 30 vo. Jesus spoke to them and said unto I them: "Take [it]. Now I give you these my names; keep them and guard them, [that] ye may be saved from sin. 22 And every man who knows these my names, shall be saved; whosoever hangs them around his neck and wears them and keeps them and reads them and whosoever is purified and cleansed by his belief [in them], shall
I

Literally

"hand."

Probably= " Chaldea," see above p. 4.

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be saved from many sins." 23 And Jesus wrote his names with And while His own holy hand and gave them to His Disciples. they read together, they found His secret name and they rejoiced and exulted, saying: " Lauded and praised be thy name for ever. Thou, 0 Lord, our God, hast given us all this, [namely] thy holy name." 24 And they invoked His name saying: "Ba/i3mo, Bafbn, BRafon; Rakbm, BRdk5*n,Rakon; P7bs, Pis, Pis; Aflas5, Alflas&, Aflas&; 2Jialy5'eybs, iIaly5'eybs, 31 ro. [lXaly5'eyos]; l31al'eyos, xal'eyos, [X41'eyos]; E~ncd'e, E~ncd'e, lera'el, Jiel-I'el; Serd'Wl, Sera'el; lie i-il, ASerd'Wl, Eitd'l; Felos, Felis, lVaros, LNgrs, N-drbs; Kbrbs, Koros, iKors; rs, 'Eros, 'Er5s; and my name Fels; L -nss, Lin^s, Dabos; 'Es 25 And there is nobody which is greater than all, Bersdbehelybs. who knows this my name except the four beasts, and except the twenty-four elders of heaven' and except Mary my mother." 26 And He said unto them: "By these my names ye shall be saved and your sins shall be forgiven to you. And whosoever invokes [them] like you and believes in this my name, shall be saved, and not be ashamed before me, and shall not see the smoke of the judgment; he shall be free from sin; his sins which he has committed from his childhood until his old age shall be forgiven unto him." 27 And Jesus Christ said: :31 vo. " Of all that is written in I my books nothing is greater than these my words; and this prayer is greater than all my prayers; and whosoever believes in this prayer, I shall save him and shall be merciful and gracious unto him. 28 I have sworn by my exalted throne; I have sworn by my pure dwelling; I have sworn by the stool of my feet; I have sworn by the head of Mary my 29 And I do not mother, by the holy angels, my messengers. deceive by my word, and I do not delude by my righteousness, 30 And as thou hast and I do not make impure my covenant." saved thy holy Disciples, thus save me,2 0 Lord, by this thy holy name, cleanse me and purify me from my sin, me thy servant ....... 31 And again Jesus Christ said: " Blessed be he who reads this book and blessed he who is purified by the prayer and who 32 Blessed he who is anxious, when 32 ro. believes in I this prayer. they read this prayer, to keep this prayer; I will make strong his power like [that of] a rock, and I will guard him by my power and strength, and I will love him like my Disciples.
1

Cf. Revelation iv. 4-6.

MS " us."

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33 Blessed he who wears this prayer and hangs it around his neck; no evil spirit shall approach him and nobody shall be able to touch his body or his soul. 34 And where this book is found, disease and infirmity and hunger shall not enter that house, and Satan shall be driven away and not approach that Nor shall a thief steal, and as to his enemies-no dwelling. enemy or adversary of his shall be able to destroy or make fly 35 And his house and his children shall be away his power.' blessed, and the angels shall not stay away from him. Always 32 vo. all blessing of the prophets and apostles shall fill his house I and the spirit of God shall abide in it. But the spirit of Satan shall stay away from it. 36 And thou also if thou believest in this prayer, everything shall be done unto thee by this prayer. And the water of prayer shall not be poured on the earth, for it is sacred and holy, the likeness of the blood of Christ. 37 Let it be a cleanser of sin and a salvation for the soul and the body of thy servant ...... 38 And if thou, reading this, art purified, thou shalt find favor and love with all men; the mouth of the enemy and the thrust of lances shalt thou overpower and thou shalt subdue the power of all thy enemies and adversaries; and nobody shall stand before thee, but all shall fear and tremble before thy voice. 39 And when they see thy face, they shall flee and hasten [away], and thy speech shall be sweet toward the 33 ro. men who I plan evil in their hearts against thee. And the mighty shall not overpower thee by their might. From all this he shall be saved," said the Saviour Himself-40 As thou hast said in thy word, save me thy servant . -.... . -to Him be praise and thanks for ever and ever, Amen!

CHAPTER
CHRIST SHOWS PARADISE

IX.
TO

His

DISCIPLES.

1 And after Jesus had said these things to them, again His Disciples asked him, saying: " Behold, we have seen the sight of the judgment. But now show us the sight of Paradise that we may rejoice in thy grace and kindlness!" 2 And Jesus said unto his Disciples: " Rise, let us go through the regions [of heaven?]; and there I will show you wonderful miracles and astonishing things." 3 And they went and came to the
1 The translation of this passage is very doubtful.

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The 3lagic Book, etc.

[1904.

regions [of heaven] and they saw the land of Paradise, brighter than the sun and sweeter of smell than an offering of frankin33 vo. cense: even while it was [still] (a) far (land), I its fragrance was 4 Milk and honey were flowing [in it] prowafted [to them]. fusely like water; and vines were planted all over the land, and its twigs spread over the seven heavens, and its grapes were full And when they saw of never ceasing and imperishable delight. 5 And they said: " We have [this], they rejoiced greatly. seen to-day wondrous and marvellous [things] which we never 0 our Lord [and] our Master, thy word is true, saw [before]. and all thy ways are straight, thou art in truth the king, 0 Lord." 6 And further they said unto Him: "Tell us, 0 our Master, to whom thou wilt give these things. " 7 And he answered: "I will give this Paradise to those who do the will of my father and to my humble ones from whose hearts there comes no violence, and to those who believe and guard this my name. And to you also: take [it], for I have given [it] unto you 34 ro. as your inheritance." j 8 Then they thanked Him and praised "By this thy name we have Him, all united in singing a psalm. we have dispersed 7037 name this thy sick by men; healed 187 demons; by this thy name we have converted the 88 kings and the 140 cities; 9 by this thy name we have been saved from all the people of Sodom and Gomorrha and have made our fetters like fire and have made the fire cool like water, and those who reviled our name have been exterminated for ever and ever. 10 By this thy name we have destroyed 155 idols; by this thy name we have converted the 88 kings and the 140 cities, and we have exercised great power on earth. Not by our own power 11 We believe in thy have we done this, but by thy power. name which thou hast given us for conquering, and we worship thy power, who hast strengthened us; to thee be praise and 34 vo. thanks I for ever and ever, Ameni!" 12 This book has not been written by the hand of men, but 13 And by. our Saviour Himself who wrote it with His hand. art not if thou and if thou readst it, read it using (?) holy oil; thee it will bring and it oil; read pure using (?) able [to do so], over and victory and soul body, of and salvation perfect grace, 14 May it bring perfect grace unto thy servant ...... the enemy. 15 And all will be done unto thee by this prayer for ever and ever, Amen, Amen.