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Demo File Walkthrough Guide
Wilfried Mofor, Product Management, Aspen Technology, Inc. Nicholas Brownrigg, Product Marketing, Aspen Technology, Inc.
2013 Aspen Technology, Inc. AspenTech, aspenONE, the Aspen leaf logo, the aspenONE logo, and OPTIMIZE are trademarks of Aspen Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.11-4080-0813
Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Process Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Pressure Safety Valve Workflow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Sizing a PSV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Line Sizing for PSVs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Documenting PSVs Created in Aspen HYSYS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Appendix: Theory for Critical Flow Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Table 1. Descriptions of Variables in Equation 2 Equation 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Table 2. Conditions for PSV Sizing Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Table 3. Derived Information to Calculate PSV Orifice Size. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2013 Aspen Technology, Inc. AspenTech, aspenONE, the Aspen leaf logo, the aspenONE logo, and OPTIMIZE are trademarks of Aspen Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.11-4080-0813
Introduction
Using the downloaded demo file and this walkthrough guide, the user will learn how to properly use relief valve sizing in Aspen HYSYS to design, size, and document pressure safety valves for a simulation. In order to access these features, Aspen HYSYS V8.3 must be installed. If any questions arise during the use of this demo file, contact Wilfried Mofor, the AspenTech Product Manager, for relief valve sizing in Aspen HYSYS at Wilfried.Mofor@aspentech.com.
Process Description
The demo file simulation includes a mixed phase hydrocarbon feed that is approximately 34% vapor at 16.56C and 2 barg. The feed is then flash separated into its liquid and vapor components. The vapor stream passes through a heat exchanger where it is heated, then fed to a compressor. The liquid stream is fed to a pump and then passed through a heat exchanger. The unit operations present in the simulation provide ample opportunities for pressure safety valve placement on the flowsheet. Also, having both liquid and vapor streams allow for different calculation methods of relief valve sizing to be performed.
2.)
Figure 1. Main Simulation Flowsheet for Pressure Relief Starter HYSYS Case File
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3.)
Continue to the Safety Analysis environment by clicking either the Safety Analysis option situated below the navigation pane, or the Pressure Relief icon located in the home ribbon.
Figure 2. Safety Analysis Option and Pressure Relief Icon to Open Safety Analysis Environment
4.)
In the Safety Analysis environment, pressure safety valves can be added to streams or equipment and overpressure protection contingencies can be analyzed. Click the Add PSV button under the Home tab of the ribbon, shown in Figure 4.
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5.)
Drag the cursor to the flowsheet. Hover the cursor over the stream 5.6.3.2 CritVapflow Example until a small red box appears (Figure 5). This box indicates that a PSV can be added at this location. Left click on the red box to add the safety valve to that location.
6.)
Double click the PSV block added to the flowsheet. The Valve Design form opens.
7.)
In the Valve Design tab, the valves material of construction, type, design temperature, set pressure, superimposed backpressure, and discharge location should be specified. Enter 75 psig (5.171 barG) for the set pressure, and leave all other parameters as they presently are. Create an emergency scenario by clicking the Create Scenario button, shown in Figure 7. Clicking this populates the table with a new scenario.
8.)
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9.)
Double click the newly created scenario in the table. The Scenario Setup form, shown in Figure 8, opens.
10.) Leave all scenario parameters defaulted. Specify the relief load scenario type as User Defined and enter 53500 lb/h (24270 kg/h) for the relieving flow. 11.) The Valve Results table will display a calculated orifice size of 37.18 cm2. Select an actual orifice for the valve, which is usually the next largest value on the dropdown list in the table. For this demo, 41.161 cm2 is the appropriate size to choose. Once an actual orifice is chosen, the Valve Results table completes with sizing specifics for the valve (Figure 9). 12.) Check the Sizing Case box in the Scenario Setup form.
Figure 9. Entering a Relief Load, Choosing an Orifice, and Specifying Sizing Case
2013 Aspen Technology, Inc. AspenTech, aspenONE, the Aspen leaf logo, the aspenONE logo, and OPTIMIZE are trademarks of Aspen Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.11-4080-0813
13.) Click the Fluid Properties tab, depicted in Figure 10, to view the fluid properties of the load at relief.
2013 Aspen Technology, Inc. AspenTech, aspenONE, the Aspen leaf logo, the aspenONE logo, and OPTIMIZE are trademarks of Aspen Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.11-4080-0813
15.) Select a nominal diameter of 6 and schedule 40 piping for each the inlet and outlet line.
16.) As can be seen in Figure 12, a nominal diameter of 6 and piping schedule of 40 results in pressure drop errors for the inlet and outlet line and an average fluid velocity error for the outline line. Increase the inlet and outlet diameters to 8 inches to obtain an approved line sizing. The Line Sizing Results table is completed, showing exact pressure drop and fluid velocity results.
2013 Aspen Technology, Inc. AspenTech, aspenONE, the Aspen leaf logo, the aspenONE logo, and OPTIMIZE are trademarks of Aspen Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.11-4080-0813
17.) View the Line Sizing Default Values window by navigating to the Customize tab in the ribbon, and selecting Line Design Preferences. This shows the constraints on line sizing, as set forth by API 520, 521.
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19.) Microsoft Access will open, and display the interface depicted in Figure 16. Click Reports and Project Customization to edit pertinent report formatting. Upon clicking Reports and Project Customization, the form in Figure 17 is opened.
2013 Aspen Technology, Inc. AspenTech, aspenONE, the Aspen leaf logo, the aspenONE logo, and OPTIMIZE are trademarks of Aspen Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.11-4080-0813
20.) Specify the fields shown under the Common Settings tab similar to the one shown in Figure 17. Then, specify the fields for each data sheet as shown in Figure 18 using the information present under the Mechanical Data Sheets tab.
21.) Return to the main menu of the documentation builder by clicking the Start option in the top left corner of the customization form. Then, from the main menu of the documentation builder, select the Edit option for a process data sheet. 22.) View the edit page for a process data sheet as shown in Figure 19. The values present are automatically populated directly from the process simulation and valve design and sizing in Aspen HYSYS.
2013 Aspen Technology, Inc. AspenTech, aspenONE, the Aspen leaf logo, the aspenONE logo, and OPTIMIZE are trademarks of Aspen Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.11-4080-0813
23.) Open the edit form for a mechanical data sheet, obtainable by clicking Edit under the mechanical data sheet heading. Figure 20 displays the values imported automatically from Aspen HYSYS.
2013 Aspen Technology, Inc. AspenTech, aspenONE, the Aspen leaf logo, the aspenONE logo, and OPTIMIZE are trademarks of Aspen Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.11-4080-0813
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24.) Return to the main menu of the documentation builder after completing editing. Select the View option under the mechanical data sheets header to see a completed mechanical data sheet. 25.) When viewing the front cover page for a document, use the arrows on the bottom left of the documentation builder to scroll through the different pages of the report, as shown in Figure 21. Note that information input in report customization in step 20 is present on the cover.
2013 Aspen Technology, Inc. AspenTech, aspenONE, the Aspen leaf logo, the aspenONE logo, and OPTIMIZE are trademarks of Aspen Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.11-4080-0813
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26.) Scroll through the pages until page 3 is reached. All the information input on the edit page is visible on the final copy of the data sheet, which is shown in Figure 22. Note that information input in report customization in step 20 is present on the document.
27.) The example HYSYS file provided in this example can be used for further exploration of relief valve sizing capabilities inside Aspen HYSYS, including sizing for more overpressure scenarios and design of PSVs for different streams.
2013 Aspen Technology, Inc. AspenTech, aspenONE, the Aspen leaf logo, the aspenONE logo, and OPTIMIZE are trademarks of Aspen Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.11-4080-0813
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(Eq. 1)
where Pc f is the critical flow nozzle pressure in psia, P1 is the upstream relieving pressure in psia, and k is the ratio of specific heats (Cp/Cv). As per API 520, 8th edition standard, calculation of PSV orifice size under critical flow conditions is completed using the following equations, with variable descriptions in Table 1. These calculation methods from API RP 520, 8th edition are all built into Aspen HYSYS.
(EN units)
(Eq. 2)
(SI units)
(Eq. 3)
(Eq. 4)
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13
For Balanced Bellows: Value should be obtained from manufacturer; preliminary sizing curve is provided in API 520 For Conventional or Pilot Operated valves: Kb = 1
Kc = combination correction factor for installations with a Rupture Disk upstream of PSV = 1.0 when Rupture Disk is not installed = 0.9 when a Rupture Disk is installed and the combination factor does not have a published value T = relieving temperature of the inlet gas or vapor (R = F+460) [K = C+273.15]
Z = compressibility ratio @ PSV inlet conditions, to consider deviation from perfect gas
M = molecular weight of the gas A = calculated orifice (in2) [mm2] k = Cp /Cv - ratio of Specific Heats
The example in this guide is based on an application example taken from API 520 with the following conditions:
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The critical flow pressure, Pc f , can then be calculated from Equation 1 as:
(Eq. 5)
(Eq. 6)
Kb would be equal to 1, since the selected valve is a conventional one, making the back pressure lower than 10% of the set pressure (7.5 psig). Kc would be equal to 1 as well since no upstream Rupture Disk is installed. Using the calculated valve coefficient and other defined variables, the valve orifice can then be calculated from Equation 2 as:
(Eq. 7)
Once the required Orifice has been calculated, the next commercially available orifice can be selected with the aid of API 526. In this case, the orifice P (6.38 in2) will apply.
2013 Aspen Technology, Inc. AspenTech, aspenONE, the Aspen leaf logo, the aspenONE logo, and OPTIMIZE are trademarks of Aspen Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.11-4080-0813
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Worldwide Headquarters
Aspen Technology, Inc. 200 Wheeler Road Burlington, MA 01803 United States phone: +17812216400 fax: +17812216410 info@aspentech.com
2013 Aspen Technology, Inc. AspenTech, aspenONE, the Aspen leaf logo, the aspenONE logo, and OPTIMIZE are trademarks of Aspen Technology, Inc. All rights reserved. 11-4080-0813