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Term 1

Definition 1

Term 2

Definition 2

Acyanotic conditions

Disorders resulting in the mixing of venous and arterial blood

Aneurysm

Localized dilation and weakening of an arterial wall

Term 3

Definition 3

Term 4

Definition 4

Angina pectoris

Severe chest pain as a result of oxygen deficit to the myocardium

Angiography

Radiography of the heart and vessels

Term 5

Definition 5

Term 6

Definition 6

Arrhythmia

Abnormality of heart rhythm

Arteriosclerosis

A cardiovascular disorder, the result of loss of elasticity and accumulation of collagen, that results in a thickening of the arterial walls

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Term 7

Definition 7

Term 8

Definition 8

Atheromas

Plaques consisting of lipids, cells, fibrin, and debris, often with attached thrombi

Atherosclerosis

Degenerative changes that promote the accumulation of cholesterols in the walls of large arteries

Term 9

Definition 9

Term 10

Definition 10

Atrial fibrillation

Heart rate more than 350 beats per minute

Atrioventricular (AV) node

Small mas of specialized cardiac muscle that is part of the conduction system of the heart

Term 11

Definition 11

Term 12

Definition 12

Auscultation

Act of listening to organ sounds to diagnose a problem

Bradycardia

Regular but slow heart rate, often a result of vagal nerve or parasympathetic nerve stimulation

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Term 13

Definition 13

Term 14

Definition 14

Bundle of His

Bundle of specialized conductive cardiac cells that relay the signal from the AV node to the ventricles

Cardiomegaly

Enlargement of the heart

Term 15

Definition 15

Term 16

Definition 16

Claudication

Extreme cramplike leg (occasionally arm) pain

Diaphoresis

Excessive sweating

Term 17

Definition 17

Term 18

Definition 18

Diastole

Refers to the relaxation of the heart

Diastolic pressure

Represents the pressure during ventricular relaxation

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Term 19

Definition 19

Term 20

Definition 20

Dysrhythmia

An abnormal cardiac rhythm

Echocardiography

Record image of the heart and valve movements

Term 21

Definition 21

Term 22

Definition 22

Ectopic Pacemaker

Region of the heart other than the SA node that can initiate heartbeat

Electrocardiography (ECG)

Graphic record of the heart's action potential

Term 23

Definition 23

Term 24

Definition 24

Embolus

Circulating blood clot

Endocarditis

Inflammation of the endocardium, generally caused by bacterial and fungal infections

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Term 25

Definition 25

Term 26

Definition 26

Hypertension

Common problem involving a consistently elevated blood pressure

Mediastinum

Portion of the thoracic cavity in the middle of the thorax

Term 27

Definition 27

Term 28

Definition 28

Medulla oblongata

Part of the brain stem responsible for control of the cardiac, vasomoter, and respiratory control center

Myocarditis

Inflammation of the myocardium, most often caused by viral and parasitic infections

Term 29

Definition 29

Term 30

Definition 30

Myosin

Contractile protein found in skeletal muscle

Oliguria

Diminished urine production and excretion

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Term 31

Definition 31

Term 32

Definition 32

Pericarditis

Inflammation of the fibroserous sac surrounding the heart

Peripheral vascular disease

Refers to any abnormality in arteries or veins that supply blood to the extremities and major abdominal organs

Term 33

Definition 33

Term 34

Definition 34

Phlebothrombosis

Condition in which a thrombus forms spontaneously in a vein without prior inflammation

Plethysmography

Measures the size of limbs and blood volume in organs or tissues

Term 35

Definition 35

Term 36

Definition 36

Pulsus paradoxus

Paradoxical pulse

Purkinje fiber

Subendocardial branch that conducts the signals from the bundle of His to the ventricular muscle

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Term 37

Definition 37

Term 38

Definition 38

Rheumatic fever

Acute systemic inflammatory disease that can develop as a rare complication to untreated or under-treated infections caused by group A Streptococcus (that is, strep throat)

Shock

Hypotension that results in a decreased circulating blood volume, leading to decreased tissue perfusion and general hypoxia

Term 39

Definition 39

Term 40

Definition 40

Sinoatrial (SA) node

"Pacemaker" of the heart that generates impulses by spontaneous depolarization

Systole

Refers to the contraction of the heart

Term 41

Definition 41

Term 42

Definition 42

Systole pressure

Pressure of blood at ejection from the left ventricle

Tachycardia

Regular but abnormally rapid heart rate that may be a normal response to sympathetic stimulation

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Term 43

Definition 43

Term 44

Definition 44

Tetralogy of Fallot

Most common cyanotic congenital heart condition that involves four heart abnormalities

Thrombophlebitis

An inflamed area of a vein caused by a blood clot

Term 45

Definition 45

Term 46

Definition 46

Troponin

Regulatory protein in vertebral and cardiac muscle

Varicose veins

Pronounced or permanently distended veins, usually in the lower extremities

Term 47

Definition 47

Term 48

Definition 48

Ventricular septal defect (VSD)

Opening in the interventricular septum that varies in size and location

Congestive heart failure (CHF)

Result of insufficient pumping capability of the heart

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