Name

Date

Class

BioDigest

Reinforcement and Study Guide

5
Era

Change Through Time

In your textbook, read about the Geologic Time Scale.

Complete the table.
Time period Biologic event

1. Precambrian

4.6 billion600 million years ago

2. Prokaryotic cells and first

eukaryotic cells evolved.

Ferns and conifers appeared;

3. Paleozoic 5. Mesozoic 7. Cenozoic

600 million245 million years ago 245 million66 million years ago 66 million years agopresent

4. worms, insects, fishes, and

reptiles evolved. 6. Reptiles diversified; mammals and flowering plants evolved.

8. Primates evolved.

In your textbook, read about origin of life theories.

Complete each statement.

nonliving material 9. Spontaneous generation assumes that life arises spontaneously from ___________________________ . controlled experiments to disprove spontaneous 10. Francesco Redi and Louis Pasteur designed ___________________________
Copyright by Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

generation.

biogenesis 11. The theory of ___________________________ states that life comes only from pre-existing life. protocells 12. Clusters of organic molecules might have formed ___________________________ , which may have
evolved into the first true cells. Order the evolutionary development of the following organisms from 1 to 4.

2 ____________ 13. chemosynthetic prokaryotes 4 ____________ 14. eukaryotes

1 ____________ 15. heterotrophic prokaryotes 3 ____________ 16. oxygen-producing photosynthetic prokaryotes

In your textbook, read about the evidence and mechanics of evolution.

Answer the following questions.

Relative dating assumes that in 17. What assumption is made in the relative dating of fossils? _____________________________________ undisturbed layers of rock, the deepest layers contain the oldest fossils. Homologous structures are similar anatomical struc18. What are homologous structures? ________________________________________________________ tures in different organisms that might indicate possible shared ancestry.

REINFORCEMENT AND STUDY GUIDE

BIODIGEST 5 BIOLOGY: The Dynamics of Life

77

Name

Date

Class

BioDigest

Change Through Time, continued

Reinforcement and Study Guide

For each statement below, write true or false.

false 19. Evolution occurs when a populations genetic equilibrium remains ____________________ unchanged. true ____________________ 20. Mutations, genetic drift, and migration may disrupt the genetic equilibrium of populations. true ____________________ 21. Stabilizing selection favors the survival of a populations average individuals for a feature. false ____________________ 22. Disruptive selection occurs when an extreme feature is naturally selected. true ____________________ 23. Adaptive radiation occurs when species that once were similar to an ancestral species become increasingly distinct due to natural selection pressures. In your textbook, read about primate evolution.
For each item in Column A, write the letter of the matching item in Column B. Column A Column B
a. anthropoids
Copyright by Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

d 24. Primate adaptation ____________ a ____________ 25. Primate category that includes humans and apes e ____________ 26. Characteristic of New World monkeys c ____________ 27. Appearing in fossil record about 2 million years ago along with stone tools b ____________ 28. Possible human ancestors dating from 5 to 8 million years ago In your textbook, read about organizing lifes diversity.

b. Australopithecines c. genus Homo d. opposable thumb e. prehensile tail

Look at the taxonomic classification of a bobcat shown below. Answer the questions.
29. What is the largest taxon in this classification system?

kingdom
30. What is the scientific name of a bobcat?

Taxon

Name

Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

Animalia Chordata Mammalia Carnivora Felidae Lynx rufus

Lynx rufus

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BIODIGEST 5 BIOLOGY: The Dynamics of Life

REINFORCEMENT AND STUDY GUIDE