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Asexual Reproduction vs Sexual Reproduction

Diffen Science Biology

While asexual reproduction only involves one organism, sexual reproduction requires both a male and a female. Some plants and unicellular organisms reproduce asexually. Most mammals and fish use sexual reproduction. Some organisms like corals and komodo dragons can reproduce either sexually or asexually. But in the long term (over several generations), lack of sexual reproduction compromises their ability to adapt to the environment because they do not benefit from the genetic variation introduced by sexual reproduction.

Comparison chart
Asexual Reproduction
Number of organisms involved Cell division

Sexual Reproduction
Two parents are required to mate

One parent needed

Cells divide by Fission, budding , or regeneration Budding, vegetative reproduction, fragmentation, spore formation Time Efficient; no need to search for mate, requires less energy No variation - if the parent has a genetic disease, offspring does too. There is very little chance of variation with asexual reproduction. Mutations in DNA can still occur but not nearly as frequently as sexual reproduction. no formation or fusion of gametes(sex cell) lower organisms may be whole parent body or a bud or a fragment or a single somatic cell less two(minimum) or more than two

Cells divide by Meiosis Syngamy and conjugation Variation, Unique., organism is more protected Requires two organisms, requires more energy Sexual reproduction leads to genetic variation in new generations of offspring. This is fundamental to evolution. formation or fusion of gametes(sex cell) occurs higher invertebrates and all vertebrates gamete

Types

Advantages

Disadvantages

Evolution

involvement of sex cells found in

unit of reproduction time period number of offsprings produced

more one(minimum) or more than one

Contents
1 Types 2 Process 3 Examples 4 Advantages and Disadvantages 5 References

Types
There are several different types of asexual reproduction. These include budding, where the offspring grows out of the body of the parent, and gemmules, where the parent releases a specialized mass of cells that will become a new individual. There are two types of sexual reproduction. Syngamy is the permanent fusion of two haploid gametes to create a zygote. In humans, this is called fertilization. Conjugation, on the other hand, is temporary fusion using a cytoplasmic bridge. This is particularly seen in bacteria, which pass DNA across the bridge.

Process
Moon Jellies has two main
http://www.di!en.com/di!erence/Asexual_Reproduction_vs_Sexual_Reproduction Mar 21, 2014, 12:15:54 PM

stages in its life cycle polyp stage (asexual reproduction) & medusa stage (sexual reproduction) Asexual reproduction is reproduction that occurs without any interaction between two different members of a species. Cells divide using mitosis, in which each chromosome is copied before the nucleus divides, with each new cell receiving identical genetic information.

Sexual reproduction is reproduction that requires a male and a female of the same species to contribute genetic material. Special cells called gametes are produced through meiosis, which halves the number of chromosomes in each resulting cell. These cells are called haploid gametes. Fertilization occurs when two gametes one from a male and one from a female combine, producing a diploid zygote with its own individual genetic makeup.

Cell division in asexual and sexual reproduction

Examples
Asexual reproduction is used by many plants, e.g. spider plants, bacteria, hydra, yeast, and jellyfish. It is also involved in the creation of identical twins, when one zygote splits into two identical copies. Sexual reproduction is used by most mammals, fish, reptiles, birds and insects.

Advantages and Disadvantages

Asexual reproduction is well suited for organisms that remain in one place and are unable to look for mates, in environments that are stable. It is usually used by simple organisms such as bacteria. However, asexual reproduction does not lead to variation between organisms, meaning that entire groups can be wiped out by disease, or if the stable environment changes. Sexual reproduction allows for variation, the most fundamental element of evolution. It therefore creates species that can adapt to new environments and that cannot be wiped out by a single disease. However, sexual reproduction requires significant energy on the part of the organism to find a mate. It is not well suited to organisms that are isolated or stuck in place.

References
The Two Methods of Reproduction - BioTopics Types of Sexual Reproduction - Tutorvista.com

Related Comparisons

Eukaryotic Cell vs Prokaryotic Cell

Diploid vs Haploid

Gamete vs Zygote

Mitosis vs Meiosis

DNA vs RNA

Abiotic vs Biotic

Comments: Asexual Reproduction vs Sexual Reproduction

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