Alex Castanares Mrs. Nuno AP.

Chemistry 1/30/14 Reversible Reactions Intro: In the experiment, the primary goal was to be able to distinctively notice a difference between a basic solution and an acidic one. And the lab also teaches how to reverse a reaction from reactants to products and vice versa. The independent variable was the amount of drops of NaOH or HCl added to the plates. The dependent variable is the color the indicator was after. The control was one well plate that had only indicator present. Materials The materials required for the lab was a 24 well plate, distilled water, bromophenol blue indicator, a toothpick to stir with, 1M sodium hydroxide, and .1M hydrochloric acid. Procedure: First, one must prepare the well plates by putting in ten drops of distilled water in 3 plates. One is the control and the other two will be experimented. Then two drops of Bromophenol blue was dropped into each plate. Then one drop of HCl was dropped in the A1 well plate, and one drop of NaOH was dropped in the A3 well plate. After mixing the solution with the toothpick, one must record the colors. Once recorded, add two drops of NaOH to the A1 well and two drops of HCl to the second well. Record the changes in color. Then add three HCl drops to the A1 well and three drops of NaOH to the A3 well. Finally record the final results.

Pre Lab Questions 1. What color was the phenol red indicator when the concentration of H+ was high? The color was yellow in Annes experiment. 2. What color was the phenol red indicator when NaOH was added? The color was pink in Annes experiment. 3. Were the color changes observed in wells A1 and A3 consistent with the colors observed when the pH was low or high in question 1? Explain. The colors observed were consistent because when the NaOH concentration was higher, the solution had a pink color. Likewise, when the concentration of HCl was higher, the solution had a yellow color. As long as one concentration was higher than the other, the color remained consistent. 4. Are the color changes consistent with Le Chatliers Principle? The color changes were consistent with his principle, because the principle says that when a chemical system at equilibrium and it has a change in concentration, then the equilibrium shifts to counteract the change. So when HCl is added, the increase in H+ ions causes the color of the phenol red to change to the yellow form. Then the concentration of H+ was reduced when the forward part of the reaction was favored, (C19H12O5S2- + H+ ). Then when NaOH was added to the reaction, the

H+ concentration was reduced and the reaction reversed (C19H13O5S-C19H12O5S2-+H+) and then H+ was released from the yellow form of the indicator to change the phenol red back to pink.

Data Data Table 1 Well number with contents A1 indicator + (1)HCl A2 indicator (control) A3 indicator + (1)NaOH A1 indicator + (2)NaOH + (1)HCl A3 indicator + (2)HCl +(1) NaOH A1 indicator + (3)HCl + (2)NaOH +(1) HCl A3 indicator + (3)NaOH + (2)HCl +(1) NaOH Colors Yellow Purple Purple Purple Yellow Yellow Purple

According to Data Table one, the color associated with Bromethanol blue, when acidic is yellow. Otherwise, the color of the indicator would be purple when basic or neutral. The reaction is clearly reversible because the colors can be changed based on the concentration of H plus ions. Post Lab Questions 1. The color of bromophenol blue when acidic is yellow, and the indicator is purple when the solution is basic. 2. The solution changed from blue/purple to yellow by adding acidic compound to the indicator. Then, to change from yellow to blue one must add a basic solution to the indicator. 3. A. C19H8Br4O5S2- + H+ B.
9Br4 9Br4

C19H8Br4O5S2- + H+

4. The color changes were consistent with his principle, because the principle says that when a chemical system at equilibrium and it has a change in concentration, then the equilibrium shifts to counteract the change. So when HCl is added, the increase in H+ ions causes the color of the bromophenol blue to change to the yellow form. Then the concentration of H+ was reduced when the forward part of the reaction was favored, (C19H8Br4O5S2- + H+
9Br4

). Then when NaOH was added to the reaction,

9Br4

the H+ concentration was reduced and the reaction reversed (

C19H8Br4O5S2- + H+) and then H+ was released from the yellow form of the indicator to change the bromophenol blue back from yellow to blue/purple.