Company Background

John Zink Company has been supplying environmental control, waste treatment and energy production systems for over 60 years. The Companys principal products are low-emission burners for the process and power generation industries, hydrocarbon vapor recovery and flaring systems, and thermal oxi-dizers with heat recovery for chemical wastes and fumes. As a division of Koch-Glitsch, Zink contributes to the broader spectrum of products and services offered by Koch Industries, Inc. to the hydrocarbon sector and other process industries.

International Research and Development Center

John Zinks testing and product development facility is the largest and most comprehensive of its kind in the world. Combustion and resource conservation systems are demonstrated and proven in a wide range of configurations and applications.

Flare
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JOHN ZINK COMPANY LLC

International Headquarters www.johnzink.com P.O. Box 21220 Tulsa, Oklahoma 74121-1220 U.S.A. 11920 East Apache Tulsa, Oklahoma 74116-1300 U.S.A. 800/755-4252 or 918/234-1800 Fax 918/234-2700

In Canada
JOHN ZINK COMPANY CANADA 1400 111-5th Ave. S.W. Calgary AB T2P 3Y6 (403) 269-4300 Fax: (403) 269-4303

KOCH INTERNATIONAL K.I.S.A. Calle Velazquez, 4th Floor 150-2 Derecha, 28002 Madrid SPAIN 34-1-562-3322 Fax: 34-1-562-7302 JOHN ZINK GmbH Voltenseestrasse 2 60388 Frankfurt AM Main GERMANY 49-6109/3080 Fax: 49-6109/36671 JOHN ZINK S.A.R.L. 11, rue Guy Moquet Z.I. 95104 Argenteuil FRANCE 33-1/39-98-45-45 Fax: 33-1/34-11-15-28 JOHN ZINK LIMITED Dolfin House 140 Windmill Road Sunbury-on-Thames Middlesex TW16 7HT

UNITED KINGDOM 44-1932-769830 Fax: 44-1932-789091 JOHN ZINK S.R.L. Via Felice Casati 32, 20124 Milano ITALY 39-266-9812-32 Fax: 39-267-01-840

In Europe
JOHN ZINK EUROPE S.A. Koch International Luxembourg S.A.R.L. P.O. Box 83 L-3401 Dudelange Grand Duchy of Luxembourg LUXEMBOURG 352/51899-1 Fax: 352-518611 JOHN ZINK BENELUX B.V. Molenbaan 9 2908 LL Capelle a/d IJssel THE NETHERLANDS 31-10-2646500 Fax: 31-10-2646590

In the Far East

JOHN ZINK ASIA-PACIFIC John Zink KK Recuruit Shin-Otsuka Bldg. 25-15, Minami-Otsuka 2-chome Toshima-Ku, Tokyo 170 JAPAN 81-3-35978-5580 Fax: 81-3-33947-6551 John Zink Singapore 260 Orchard Road #11-01/09 The Heeren SINGAPORE 238855 +61-2-9899-3499 Fax: +65-835-2031

In the U.S.
LOUISIANA DISTRICT P.O. Box 2010 Clinton, LA 70722 (504) 683-4600 Fax: (504) 683-4700 WESTERN REGION 6820 Orangethorpe Avenue Unit E Buena Park, CA 90620 (714) 739-8853 Fax: (714) 739-0315

JOHN ZINK COMPANY LLC

Copyright 2001 John Zink Company, LLC

Flare Systems and Accessories

John Zink Company - the worldwide leader in combustion and pollution control technology - invented the modern flare system over 40 years ago. Today thousands of successful installations around the globe are safely disposing of combustible waste fluids for all types of process industries. John Zinks proven design for smokeless flare systems have helped to earn the Company its reputation as the Clean Air People of the hydrocarbon processing industry. Knock-Out Drums Used alone or combined with a John Zink Liquid Seal, the knockout drum is an important safety device for flare systems. It removes larger droplets of hydrocarbon condensate that can form in the flare header. These droplets can produce a burning rain of hydrocarbons whenever the flare operates and can nullify smoke control efforts. By locating the knock-out drum in the base of the flare stack, John Zinks engineers have eliminated the problem of condensate droplets combining to form larger drops as they move downstream. Designed as a modified wet-surface centrifugal cyclone, John Zinks knock-out drums remove even very small droplets.
LRGO flaring system at Prudoe Bay, Alaska. ZTOF Enclosed flares in Europe.

Flare System Accessories

John Zink designs and manufactures accessories that enhance flare system efficiency and dependability. Purge Reduction Devices Molecular Seal - John Zinks Molecular Seal has proven its dependability through years of field service. It offers the lowest possible purge rates, maximum safety and fast payback.

type purge reduction device. The design is well-suited to smaller tip sizes. Air infiltration to the flare occurs most often by aerodynamic downdrafts on the windward side. The Airrestor operates by returning the air to the center of the stream, effectively using the forward velocity of the purge gas through the seal. The Airrestor is inexpensive to install and operate. It does not add to the structural wind load on the flare, and needs no maintenance. Tempurge - The purge reduction offered by the seals such as the Molecular Seal or Airrestor requires carful engineering to allow for shrinkage or condensation of relief

gases in the flare header. After a hot relief, for example, very large volumes of additional purge are required to eliminate backflow of air into the flare stack. John Zinks Tempurge measures the thermodynamic state of the relief waste and injects additional purge gas only as required to the auxiliary purge rate required in an individual application. Liquid Seals Liquid Seals help protect the flare header from air infiltration along the header and flashback. Negative pressure can develop at the base of a flare firing lighter-than-air gas. This condition poses serious safety hazards when the flare is operating because of the increased potential for air infiltrating into the header. The liquid seal produces a positive flare header pressure equal to the liquid depth. A John Zink Liquid Seal functions as a positive flame arrestor, similar to a perfect check valve. It can be designed to stop flame propagation that would be unaffected by conventional labyrinth-type flame arrestors. John Zink locates the liquid seal in the base of the stack to offer maximum protection for the flare system. Liquid seals can also be engineered to act as switching mechanisms using John Zinks patented deep seal designs in staged flares or with Flare Gas Recovery Systems.

John Zinks advanced design allows reduced vessel size while increasing phase separation efficiency. Controls John Zink supplies complete array of control packages compatible with established flare system designs and safe operational practices. Elevated LRGO for a production vessel in the South Pacific. Among these are special ignition systems, pilot monitors, steam controls, blower controls for air-assisted systems, and explosionprevention systems for special applications.

Steam-assisted flare in chemical plant on the Gulf Coast

In testing, the Molecular Seal has protected flare systems from air infiltration for extended periods when purge flow was interrupted. Unlike other seals, John Zinks Molecular Seal allows no oxygen infiltration, providing a measure of safety with any type of gas. Airrestor - Where inexpensive purge gas is available or initial investment cost is a strong consideration, John Zinks Airrestor is an excellent choice. It is a velocity-

LRGO in liquid extraction plant in Australia.

Flare Systems
Waste Fluid John Zink Flare Pit
Liquid Only Mixed or Liquid

Multi-point Flare Systems PRINCIPLE APPLICATIONS Petroleum refining Chemical processing Petroleum production Pipeline transportation DESIGN FEATURES Multiple burner heads for carefully controlled combustion Alloy steel materials of construction Flame position avoids impingement on the tip, prolonging burner life Pre-mix pilots ADVANTAGES AND BENEFITS Literally unlimited smokeless combustion capacity Extremely high hydrocarbon destruction efficiency with or without steam assist Significantly less radiant heat for a given flaring capacity Lowest maintenance costs

Sonic Flares PRINCIPLE APPLICATIONS Offshore Production Pipeline Transportation DESIGN FEATURES Multiple head design with single pilot Flow up to sonic velocity Flame stabilized by high pressure gas High-temperature material No refractory Compact configuration ADVANTAGES AND BENEFITS High smokeless rates Long service life at low rates Low radiant heat

Fluid Phase?

Gas

Is there an acceptable use for gas?

No

Yes

John Zink Recovery Unit John Zink Landfill Gas Flare

John Zink OWB or DF Flare John Zink Rimfire Flare or Endothermic Halo Flare

Is Waste Biogas?
No

Yes

Heating Value >200-300 Btu/SCF Smokeless Burning Burning Required? Gas Pressure
Low Yes Yes No

John Zink Utility Flare

John Zink Sonic Flare

Yes

Continuous Flow? John Zink Elevated LRGO2

No

Ample Plot Space? John Zink Ground Level LRGO Is noise an issue?
Yes

High

Visible Flame Acceptable?

Yes

No

John Zink ZTOF Enclosed Flare

John Zink QS Series Flare

No

Is Steam Quantity Limited?

Yes

No

Yes

Is steam available and practical John Zink AirAssisted Flare

No

John Zink Halo SKEC Steam Flare

John Zink SA Series Flare

Utility and Steamassisted Flare Systems PRINCIPLE APPLICATIONS Petroleum refining Chemical processing Petroleum marketing Petroleum production Primary metals Food processing Municipal waste treatment Bio-gas application DESIGN FEATURES Alloy construction in the heat-affected zone Energy-efficient pre-mix pilots Flows up to sonic velocity Flame retention rings to stabilize combustion Diameters from 2 inches to 120 inches Large, free-flowing steam injection ports Derricks, Guy-wire and Self-supporting structures ADVANTAGES AND BENEFITS Best combination of low capital cost and low fuel cost High combustion efficiency Stable pilots Options available for minimizing noise, steam consumption

Air-assisted Flare Systems PRINCIPLE APPLICATIONS Petroleum refining Chemical processing Petroleum production Pipeline transportation Petroleum refining DESIGN FEATURES Alloy construction in the heat-affected zone Energy-efficient pre-mix pilots Flame retention rings to stabilize combustion Continuous air-cooling of tip at all times Diameters from 2 inches to 120 inches Derricks, Guy-wire and Self-supporting structures ADVANTAGES AND BENEFITS Long service life Smokeless combustion without complicated steam lines and controls Lower radiant heat at a given capacity Lower operating costs for a given smokeless burning rate Lower maintenance/standby energy costs than those of conventional systems

Low-Btu Flare Systems PRINCIPLE APPLICATIONS Oil field secondary recovery Primary metals Carbon black production Incinerator bypass DESIGN FEATURES Stabilizing pilot ring Pre-mix assist-gas flame No-refractory ADVANTAGES AND BENEFITS Stable operation with high destruction efficiency Low support gas consumption Low utility usage Long service life

Enclosed Flares PRINCIPLE APPLICATIONS Petroleum refining Chemical processing Petroleum marketing Petroleum production Municipal waste treatment Bio-gas application DESIGN FEATURES Refractory-lined combustion chamber Efficient burners and pilots Staged combustion possible ADVANTAGES AND BENEFITS No visible flame Virtually no radiation Very low noise High destruction rates Long service life