Introduction and Motivation of LTE

Telecom Italia S.p.A.
2009 - All rights reserved

3G Long Term Evolution
Valencia, May 20
th
2009
Introduction
Introduction
and Motivation of LTE
and Motivation of LTE
I saw the angel in the marble and carved until I set him free.
Michelangelo
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Telecom Italia
Telecom Italia S.p.A. 2009 - All rights reserved
Valencia, May 20
th
2009
Telecom Italia Lab (TILab), based in Torino
(Italy), is the competence center for Research &
Development and Testing within the Telecom
Italia Group.
Features know-how, resources and activities on
innovation and engineering of wireline and
mobile networks.
Telecommunication excellence center promoting
service, technology and process innovation.
A few
A few
words
words
on
on
Telecom Italia Lab

Telecom Italia Lab
Torino
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Telecom Italia
Valencia, May 20
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2009
The wireless evolution trend
The 3GPP standardization towards Long Term Evolution
The 3GPP standardization path
Long Term Evolution targets and requirements
Overview of 3GPP technical specifications
The relevance of the standardization phase
LTE frequency bandwidths
Creating the ecosystem
Next Generation Mobile Network (NGMN)
LTE/SAE Trial Initiative (LSTI)
The Mobile broadband future
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The mobile communications revolution involves:
New emerging telecommunications applications telecommunications applications
multimedia streaming
music and video download
mobile gaming
content browsing

New communication requirements communication requirements
instant-on
always-on
connection everywhere, anytime
multi-megabit throughput

To achieve this revolution strongly
depends on increasing the data rate
available at the mobile user.
higher spectral efficiency
higher bandwidths
lower cost per bit
improved QoS
The
The
wireless
wireless
evolution
evolution
trend
trend
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User and operator requirements and expectations are continuously evolving, and different
competing radio access technologies are emerging. Work has started in the 3rd Generation 3rd Generation
Partnership Project Partnership Project (3GPP 3GPP) to define a Long Term Evolution Long Term Evolution for 3G, which will:
stretch the performance of 3G technology;
meet user expectations and ensure 3G competitiveness in a 10-year perspective and beyond.
The fundamental targets of this evolution to further reduce user and operator costs and to
improve service provisioning (more services at lower cost with better user experience) will be
met through improved coverage and system capacity improved coverage and system capacity as well as increased data rates increased data rates and reduced reduced
latency latency and reduced cost for the operator reduced cost for the operator.
As a consequence, 3GPP has launched the study item Evolved UTRA and UTRAN Evolved UTRA and UTRAN, a.k.a. Long Term Long Term
Evolution (LTE) Evolution (LTE).
The LTE project is not a The LTE project is not a
standard, but it will result in standard, but it will result in
the new evolved Release 8 the new evolved Release 8
of the UMTS standard. of the UMTS standard.
The 3GPP
The 3GPP
standardization
standardization
path
path
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Some
Some
details
details
on 3GPP
on 3GPP
evolution
evolution
Release '99 (March 2000) : UMTS/W-CDMA
Release 5 (March 2002) : HSDPA
Release 6 (March 2005) : HSUPA, Advanced HSDPA receivers
Release 7 (June 2007) : HSPA+ (DL MIMO, Higher Order Modulations)
3GPP work on 3G evolution started in November 2004
Release 8 specifications frozen in March 2009
Currently, LTE standardization work is in progress under Release 9
Field trials planned in 2009
Target Deployment in 2010-2011
Release 8 and beyond : Long Term Evolution (LTE)
1999 2002 2005 2007 2008 2011
WCDMA WCDMA
Rel. 99 Rel. 4
HSDPA HSDPA
Rel. 5
HSUPA HSUPA
Rel. 6
HSPA evolution HSPA evolution
Rel. 7 Rel. 8 Rel. 10
LTE LTE
LTE LTE- -A A
CDMA path
OFDMA path
2009 2010
Rel. 9
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The 3GPP is standardizing the Evolved-UTRA (E-UTRA) radio interface with the goal of satisfying
the mobile broadband wireless access mobile broadband wireless access requirements.
The objective of Evolved UTRA and UTRAN is to develop a framework for the evolution of the evolution of the
3GPP radio 3GPP radio- -access technology access technology towards a high high- -data data- -rate rate, low low- -latency latency and packet packet- -optimized optimized radio-
access technology that can provide service performance comparable with the current fixed line
access at limited cost.
A set of target requirements target requirements have been identified by 3GPP
within the technical report Requirements for Evolved UTRA Requirements for Evolved UTRA
(E (E- -UTRA) and Evolved UTRAN (E UTRA) and Evolved UTRAN (E- -UTRAN) UTRAN) (Technical Report Technical Report
TR 25.913 TR 25.913), regarding:
Capability-related requirements
System performance requirements
Deployment-related requirements
Long
Long
Term
Term
Evolution
Evolution
requirements
requirements
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High level capability-related requirements are considered for the evolution of the radio interface
and radio access network architecture.
Peak data rate: Peak data rate: the possibility to provide significantly higher data rates than the current steps
of 3G evolution, with target instantaneous peak data rates target instantaneous peak data rates up to 100 Mbps for the downlink downlink
within a 20 MHz spectrum allocation (5 bit/s/Hz) and up to 50 Mbps for the uplink uplink within a 20
MHz spectrum allocation (2.5 bit/s/Hz).
NOTE:
the peak data rate may depend on the number of transmit and receive antennas.
reference UE configuration comprises 2 receive antennas (downlink) and 1 transmit antenna (uplink).
the supported peak data rate should scale according to the size of the spectrum allocation.
Cell edge bit rate: Cell edge bit rate: increased cell edge bit rates, whilst maintaining same site locations as
deployed today are required. Cell edge targets are significant since they impact the
dimensioning of the network dimensioning of the network and help deliver a more uniform user experience across the cell
area. Cell edge throughput should be measured at the 5
th
percentile.
Latency: Latency: significantly reduced control plane control plane latency (less than 100 ms) and user plane user plane latency
(below 10 ms).
Capability
Capability
-
-
related
related
requirements
requirements
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Average user throughput: Average user throughput: downlink average user throughput per MHz 3 to 4 times Release 6
HSDPA - uplink average user throughput per MHz 2 to 3 times Release 6 Enhanced Uplink.
Spectrum efficiency: Spectrum efficiency: should deliver significantly improved spectrum efficiency (bit/s/Hz/site),
targeting an improvement, in a loaded network, of a factor 3 to 4 (in downlink) and of a factor
2 to 3 (in uplink) as compared to current standards (Rel. 6 HSDPA, Rel. 6 Enhanced Uplink).
Mobility: Mobility: E-UTRAN shall support mobility across the cellular network. It should be optimized for
low mobile speed from 0 to 15 km/h. Higher mobile speed between 15 and 120 km/h should be
supported with high performance. Mobility across the cellular network shall be maintained at
speeds from 120 km/h to 350 km/h. The E-UTRAN shall also support techniques and
mechanisms to optimize delay and packet loss during intra system handover.
Coverage: Coverage: the above throughput, spectrum efficiency and mobility targets should be met
assuming the reuse of existing UTRAN sites and the same carrier frequency. E-UTRA should
support the following deployment scenario deployment scenario: up to 5 km cell range and, with a slight
degradation, up to 30 km cell range. A cell range up to 100 km should not be precluded by the
specs.
Different system performance requirements should be achieved with the system configuration of
E-UTRA, while maintaining acceptable system and terminal complexity maintaining acceptable system and terminal complexity, cost cost and power power
consumption consumption and compatibility with earlier releases compatibility with earlier releases and with other systems.
System performance
System performance
requirements
requirements
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Deployment scenarios: Deployment scenarios: the deployment scenarios that could be considered are a standalone standalone
deployment scenario deployment scenario (deploying E-UTRAN either with no previous network deployed in the area
or with no requirement for interworking with UTRAN/GERAN) and an integrated deployment integrated deployment
scenario scenario (existing UTRAN and GERAN network deployed in the same geographical area).
Spectrum flexibility: Spectrum flexibility: a scaleable bandwidth scaleable bandwidth in order to allow deployment in different frequency
bands, both in uplink and downlink (spectrum allocation: 1.25, 1.6, 2.5, 5, 10, 15, 20 MHz).
Operation in paired and unpaired spectrum shall be supported.
Spectrum deployment: Spectrum deployment: is required to cope with co co- -existence existence in the same geographical area and
co-location with GERAN/UTRAN and between operators on adjacent channels. Co-existence on
overlapping and/or adjacent spectrum at country borders.
Interworking Interworking with 3GPP RAT: with 3GPP RAT: E-UTRAN terminals supporting also UTRAN and/or GERAN
operation should be able to support measurement of, and handover from and to, both 3GPP 3GPP
UTRAN and 3GPP GERAN UTRAN and 3GPP GERAN with acceptable impact on terminal complexity and performance.
In order to protect operator and vendor investments protect operator and vendor investments, the performance gain of any proposed
update to, or evolution of, the 3G radio access or RAN must always be traded off against its
impact on already made investments impact on already made investments. So an additional requirement is the possibility for smooth smooth
introduction of technical solutions introduction of technical solutions that fulfill the targets. Thus, any new or evolved radio access
technology must be able to coexist with current 3G radio access technologies and radio network
architectures and vice versa.
Deployment
Deployment
-
-
related
related
requirements
requirements
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All new Radio Access Network specifications for E-UTRA and E-UTRAN use the prefix 36.x 36.x (rather
than 25.x). The described radio interface covers the interface between the User Equipment (UE)
and the network.
The radio interface is composed of the layer 1, 2 and 3. The 36.200 series 36.200 series describes the layer 1 layer 1
(physical layer) specifications. Layers 2 and 3 Layers 2 and 3 are described in the 36.300 series 36.300 series.
3GPP TS 36.201 Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical layer; General description
3GPP TS 36.211 Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical Channels and Modulation
3GPP TS 36.212 Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Multiplexing and channel coding
3GPP TS 36.213 Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical layer procedures
3GPP TS 36.214 Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical layer; Measurement
3GPP TS 36.302 Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Services provided by the physical layer
3GPP TS 36.304 Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); User Equipment (UE) procedures in idle mode
3GPP TS 36.306 Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); User Equipment (UE) radio access capabilities
3GPP TS 36.321 Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Medium Acces Control (MAC) protocol
3GPP TS 36.322 Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Radio Link Control (RLC) protocol specification
3GPP TS 36.323 Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP)
3GPP TS 36.331 Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol
http://www.3gpp.org/specifications
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Standards are important to operators because:
1. Open standards ensure that there is a sufficient ecosystem behind the technology.
2. Open and standard interfaces allow multi vendor solutions.
3. International standards enable roaming solutions.
The success of a standard is not only its technical soundness (which is however a must!).
The commitment of the industry behind a standard is a key indicator.
It enables mass market economies and availability of multiple devices from multiple vendors.
In other words: the success of the technology!
What happens if a standard is not available at the launch of a technology?
The operator must rely on a single vendor pre-standard implementation (Limited number of
terminals, No mass market economy, No roaming, Need to update the network to standard
equipment in a second stage)
How to deal with pre-standard terminals?
The adoption of pre-standard solutions increases the costs for network deployment and
operation and will likely result in customer dissatisfaction!
Source: G. Romano, Progress of LTE Standardisation .
Presented at: Next Generation Networks , Bath, April 2009. From paper to hardware
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The potential LTE spectrum availability LTE spectrum availability:
LTE Deployment Scenario LTE Deployment Scenario:
Source: Spectrum Analysis
for Future LTE Deployments ,
Motorola White Paper.
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Next Generation Mobile Networks (NGMN)
Next Generation Mobile Networks (NGMN)
http://www.ngmn.org
The Next Generation Mobile Networks (NGMN)
Alliance, founded in 2006 by leading international
mobile network operators, is a group of world
leading mobile operators, technology vendors
and research institutes.
NGMN's primary objective is to provide a
coherent view of what operator community is
going to require beyond currently deployed 3G
networks.
Its goal is to ensure that the standards for next
generation mobile networks and end user
equipment will satisfy customer expectations
upon future applications, as well as requirements
of the network operators.
In June of 2008, NGMN selected LTE as the first
technology that matched its requirements
successfully.
Source: The NGMN Alliance - An Overview , 2009.
Available at: http://www.ngmn.org/nc/downloads/techdownloads.html
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February 2009 February 2009: The LSTI's Proof of Concept activity has consolidated measurements from
leading equipment vendors to show that the industry's targets for performance are achievable:
LTE/SAE does exactly what it says on the tin. In addition to peak rates and minimum latency,
results also reveal the 'real world' performance that operators will be able to offer to end users.
Updates from the LSTI's Interoperability and Trials activities are also given.
http://www.lstiforum.com/
Source: Latest Results from the LSTI, Feb 2009 , 2009.
Available at: http://www.lstiforum.org/file/news/Latest_LSTI_Results_Feb09_v1.pdf
The LSTI is an open initiative driven by
Vendors and Operators launched in May 2007.
It currently counts 39 participants 39 participants mapped
over the entire LTE ecosystem.
Its objectives are to:
Drive industrialization of 3GPP LTE/SAE
technology
Demonstrate LTE/SAE capabilities against
3GPP and NGMN requirements
Stimulate development of the LTE/SAE
ecosystem * The latest companies to join LSTI: Bouygues Telecom, EMOBILE,
EB Elektrobit Corporation, Setcom, Cisco, DT Mobile, and Turkcell.
*
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While voice will always be important, mobile data is taking the drivers seat as mobile operators
develop their near and long-term technology strategies.
To meet and exceed subscribers expectations and requirements, mobile operators will offer new,
innovative mobile data applications, supporting a seamless experience that provides end users
with the access and ability to use the data-centric applications they use at home, in the office or
on the go anywhere in the world.
The road to the mobile broadband future has several paths and each mobile operator will have
different timetables and reasons for taking one path over another.
All agree on the ultimate goal: an efficient all-IP
wireless network capable of supporting voice,
video and data services. Choosing the air
interface best suited to meet tomorrows needs is
the key to reaching that goal!
All roads lead to Long Term Evolution (LTE)! For
the first time in the world, a future technology
standard has spanned the U.S., Asia and Europe
with commitments from leading operators on
their planned deployment of LTE and a global
consensus that LTE will become the dominant
technology for the next generation of mobile
broadband.
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Mobile broadband is already happening!
Mobile broadband is already happening!
Telecom Italia: 28 MPS Mobile Broadband launching in Italy in 20 Telecom Italia: 28 MPS Mobile Broadband launching in Italy in 2009 09
Telecom Italia first to offer HSPA+ Data Cards based on Qualcomm chipset capable of 28
Megabits per second downlink and 5.7 megabits per second uplink
Telecom Italia will be offering mobile broadband connections speeds of up to 28 Mps in 2009.
At its Turin Labs, Telecom Italia is the first company in Europe to run field trials of the next-
generation broadband products that are coming to market in spring 2009. HSPA+ technology,
using Qualcomm chipsets, will roll out in the first half of next year in an initial Data Card offering
for PCs enabling mobile internet connections at data rates of up to 21 Mps (5.7 Mps upload).
Downlink speeds will rise to 28 Mps in the second half of 2009.
This is truly a game-changing milestone for the European mobile market, said Enrico Salvatori,
Senior Vice President and General Manager of Qualcomm Europe. Telecom Italia is leveraging our
technology to enable a new generation of wireless services that redefine the capabilities of the
mobile internet and transform the wireless experience.
This milestone confirms Telecom Italias commitment to innovation and bringing the best possible
user experience to its subscribers, said Luca Tomassini, Head of Business Innovation at Telecom
Italia.
Rome, 22 December 2008
PRESS PRESS
RELEASE RELEASE
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Sources: http://www.google.it, http://www.google.com/trends
A search for the keyword LTE, on GOOGLE Italy, brings 8.460.000 result links and 6.225 news
links!
A search for the keyword Mobile Broadband, on GOOGLE Italy, brings to 20.300.000 result links
and 10.561 news links!
Interesting is the result coming from GOOGLE Trends:
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Telecom Italia
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2009
Gracias!
Valeria DAmico
____________________________________
TELECOM I TALI A
Telecom Italia Lab (TILAB)
Wireless Access Innovation
Email: valeria1.damico@telecomitalia.it

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