AutoCAD Map 3D Mapping Standards

GISC9305 AutoCAD and GIS

R. Konrad Hunter

GISC9305 AutoCAD and GIS AutoCAD Map 3D Mapping Standards

February 6, 2014 D1 AutoCAD Map 3D Mapping Standards

Mike Wallace OLS, OLIP Instructor/Thesis Advisor Niagara College Post Grad GIS - Geospatial Management Niagara College, NOTL Campus 135 Taylor Rd, S.S.#4 Niagara-on-the-Lake, ON, L0S 1J0

Dear Mr. Wallace, RE: GISC9305 Deliverable 1 AutoCAD and GIS Please accept this letter as my formal submission of Deliverable 1 - AutoCAD Map 3D Mapping Standards for GISC9305 AutoCAD and GIS. This submission is comprised of an AutoCAD drawing (.dwg & .xml) and formal report. The assignment required the knowledge of AutoCAD Map 3D as well as CAD and Mapping standards applicable to all GIS projects developed by Hunter Geosystems. These mapping standards were followed during the clean-up of an AutoCAD drawing in order to provide information that can be understood by multiple users/companies. This required data files to be structured according the common mapping standards as well as the correction of topological errors within the provided CAD drawing. A final map (and the associated CAD drawing) was created with cleaned topology as well as properly classified object data while adhering to the common CAD and mapping standards. All AutoCAD files (.dwg & .xml) are submitted via email. If you have any questions regarding these documents or the assignment in general, please feel free to email me at your convenience. Thank you. Sincerely,

R. Konrad Hunter - B.A GIS-GM Candidate Project Manager: Hunter Geosystems RKH Enclosures: i) Report AutoCAD Map 3D Mapping Standards

GISC9305 AutoCAD and GIS AutoCAD Map 3D Mapping Standards

Abstract
This report outlines the CAD and Mapping standards issued by Hunter Geosystems. These standards are applied to all GIS projects involving CAD drawings and layouts. Following a common standard will improve the efficiency of data transfer between Hunter Geosystems and its associates, minimizing the potential for errors among GIS projects in the future. Maintaining a code of standards is necessary when dealing with geospatial data and digital maps in order to properly organize datasets and the associated data properties or attributes. It is important that such standards are examined and revised periodically (if necessary) to maintain relevance to future projects. Quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) measures were also established to promote the revision of any project at different phases of completion if any problems are identified. The CAD and Mapping standards developed by Hunter Geosystems were applied to a map seeking to develop construction roads. Various layers within the drawing were ridden with topological errors, which required clean-up to produce a final map layout adhering to the Hunter Geosystems CAD and Mapping standards. All standards were maintained for this drawing to produce a quality map for the client. These processes are outlined in the following report. The final map layout for the CAD document HunterRGISC9305D1 can be found in Appendix of this document.

GISC9305 AutoCAD and GIS AutoCAD Map 3D Mapping Standards

Table of Contents
1.0 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Introduction: ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Data Standards .................................................................................................................................. 1 Software ........................................................................................................................................ 1 File Naming Convention ................................................................................................................ 1 Spatial References / Co-ordinate System ..................................................................................... 2 Object Classes Structure and Definitions ...................................................................................... 2 Contour File Structure ........................................................................................................... 2 Road Construction File Structure........................................................................................... 2 Road Centre Line File Structure ............................................................................................. 3 Access Roads File Structure ................................................................................................... 3

2.4.1 2.4.2 2.4.3 2.4.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 4.0

Text Styles ..................................................................................................................................... 4 Symbology ..................................................................................................................................... 5 Metadata....................................................................................................................................... 6 Topology rules (Clean-up Standards) ............................................................................................ 6 Quality Assurance and Control Procedures .................................................................................. 7 Findings and Conclusion.................................................................................................................... 7 References ........................................................................................................................................ 8

Appendix A: Clean Topology Map ................................................................................................................. A

List of Tables
Table 1 Contours ........................................................................................................................................... 2 Table 2 Road Construction ............................................................................................................................ 2 Table 3 Road Centre Line .............................................................................................................................. 3 Table 4 Access Roads .................................................................................................................................... 3 Table 5 Symbology Standards ....................................................................................................................... 5 Table 6 Metadata Standards ......................................................................................................................... 6 Table 7 Clean-up Standards .......................................................................................................................... 6

ii

GISC9305 AutoCAD and GIS AutoCAD Map 3D Mapping Standards

1.0

Introduction:

This assignment serves as an introduction CAD and Mapping standards for the purpose of preparing an AutoCAD drawing for which such standards apply. Applying CAD and Mapping standards will allow the AutoCAD drawing to be exported to multiple GIS formats and applications while maintaining the integrity of the dataset. This report will outline the CAD and Mapping standards used by Hunter Geosystems for future project as well as the assignment GISC9305D1.

2.0

Data Standards

Hunter Geosystems follows the CAD and Mapping data standards for all base maps, drawings and supplemental datasets. The common data standards used for all projects are outlined in the following report.

2.1

Software

Software requirements are Microsoft Windows XP or Windows 7 as well as AutoCAD Map 3D 2013 and ESRI ArcGIS 10.1.

2.2

File Naming Convention

File naming conventions are very important for the organizational structure of data files. Hunter Geosystems follows a common file naming convention for all files. Drawing (.dwg) & Definition File (.xml): Drawing and definition files are named without using any spaces, following Pascal text format (e.g. XxxxxZzzzYyyy). The file name will include the last name of the GIS technician followed by the first name initial, course code and deliverable number (or job title for non-academic files). The drawing file is named: The definition file is named: HunterRGISC9305D1.dwg HunterRGISC9305D1.xml

Layer files: Layers used within the drawing are formatted without any spacing, applying underscores to space layer names and following the Pascal text format (e.g. Road_Centre_Line). 1

GISC9305 AutoCAD and GIS AutoCAD Map 3D Mapping Standards

2.3

Spatial References / Co-ordinate System

Spatial reference will apply a known coordinate system to the drawing to give the data real-world coordinates. All data used (applying to Canada) will be projected using a common projection of UTM NAD83 Zone 17N.

2.4

Object Classes Structure and Definitions

Hunter Geosystems uses object classification to organize objects and their corresponding properties to categorize them based on the features they represent within a CAD drawing. 2.4.1 Contour File Structure

Elevation contour data was provided within the Assign 1 9305.dwg CAD file. Hunter Geosystems defined an object class for the Contours layer, following specific criteria within the Terms of Reference for GICS9305 D1. This required the definition of colour, line type, layer and range to match the provided layer structure. Table 1 outlines the specific object class structure used for Contours.
Table 1 Contours

Field Name Colour: Line Type: Layer: 2.4.2

Field Type True colour Linetype Layer

Range 256 ByLayer Contours

Default ByLayer ByLayer Countours

Road Construction File Structure

The Road Construction layer represented an important feature within the drawing, as it will be on-going for future projects. Therefore, this layer was designed to stand out from other layers. This was accomplished by changing the layer colour to red to distinguish this feature from other road features in the drawing. The range was set to match the layer structure. Table 2 outlines the object class structure for the Road Construction layer.
Table 2 Road Construction

Field Name Colour: Line Type: Layer:

Field Type True colour Linetype Layer

Range 1 ByLayer Road_Construction

Default Red ByLayer Road_Construction

GISC9305 AutoCAD and GIS AutoCAD Map 3D Mapping Standards 2.4.3 Road Centre Line File Structure

The Road Centre Line object class was created, defining the colour, line type and layer ranges to match the layer structure provided in the dataset. An object data table was created to define the road network file structure based on the ONCall1 Mapping Standards. This data was than attached to the layer using the Attach Object Data function in AutoCAD Map 3D 2013. Table 3 outlines the object class structure for the Road Centre Line layer.
Table 3 Road Centre Line

Field Name Colour: Line Type: Layer: OD: Street: OD: FromLeft: OD: ToLeft: OD: FromRight: OD: ToRight: OD: PreType: OD: PreDir: OD: StreetName: OD: SuffType: OD: SufDir: OD: UniqueID: OD: DateCreated: 2.4.4

Field Type True colour Linetype Layer Text String Real Real Real Real Text String Text String Text String Text String Text String Real Real

Range 32 ByLayer Road_Centre_Line -------------

Default Color 32 ByLayer Road_Centre_Line -0 0 0 0 -----0 0

Access Roads File Structure

The Access Roads layer represents an important component within the drawing because it will be critical for accessing the construction roads in the north segment of the area of interest (AOI). This can be seen in the final map layout (refer to Appendix A). The same procedure was carried out for defining the Access Roads object class as was done for the Road Centre Line layer, with the exception of layer colour range. Table 4 provides the object class structure for Access Roads, based on the road network file structure (OnCall1).
Table 4 Access Roads

Field Name Colour: Line Type: Layer: OD: Street:

Field Type True colour Linetype Layer Text String

Range 40 ByLayer Access_Road --

Default Color 40 ByLayer Access_Road -3

GISC9305 AutoCAD and GIS AutoCAD Map 3D Mapping Standards

OD: FromLeft: OD: ToLeft: OD: FromRight; OD: ToRight: OD: PreType: OD: PreDir: OD: StreetName: OD: SuffType: OD: SufDir: OD: UniqueID: OD: DateCreated:

Real Real Real Real Text String Text String Text String Text String Text String Real Real

------------

0 0 0 0 -----0 0

2.5

Text Styles

Text style formatting is maintained for all CAD drawings as well map layouts. Drawing (.dwg) annotations: Feature annotations (elevation values, etc.) will follow the text style Vani, Standard, 33 pt, Brown colour.

Map Layout: Map Title: Arial, Bold, size 21 pt. Map Properties: Arial, Standard, size 10 pt. Labels: Arial, standard, size 8 pt.

GISC9305 AutoCAD and GIS AutoCAD Map 3D Mapping Standards

2.6

Symbology

Symbology standards are important to establish in order to maintain the files compatibility with different projects. The criteria used for symbology refers to the layer colour schemes, line weights and line styles. Following symbology standards will improve the use of these files for similar/related projects in the future. Table 5 outlines the symbology standards used by Hunter Geosystems for GIC9305 D1:
Table 5 Symbology Standards

Layer Name Access_Road AOI Building Contour_Elevations Contours Elevations_Points Feature_Outline Grid Image Lake River Road_Centre_Line Road_Construction Turnable_Railway Vegetation Wetlands

Colour 40 10 210, 141, 91 162, 99, 20 157, 132, 75 162, 99, 20 255 226 52 46, 61, 142 109, 144, 234 215, 111, 48 200, 119, 56 88, 29, 0 231, 255, 207 24, 26, 127

Lineweight 0.35 mm 0.35 mm 0.35 mm Default 0.35 mm Default 0.35 mm Default 0.35 mm 0.35 mm 0.35 mm 0.35 mm 0.35 mm 0.35 mm 0.35 mm 0.35 mm

Map layout symbology also follows a symbology standard. All map elements must be included in the final map layout (Appendix A). These elements include: Map Title North Arrow Legend Date Data Source Scale Bar Neat line Map Author Map Projection

GISC9305 AutoCAD and GIS AutoCAD Map 3D Mapping Standards

2.7

Metadata

Metadata gives detailed information about the data being used. Hunter Geosystems provides metadata with all drawings and/or maps to ensure that all information regarding the data set is included with the files. Table 6 provides an outline of the metadata standards.
Table 6 Metadata Standards

Metadata Identification Information:

Spatial Data Organization Information: Spatial Reference Information: Entity and Attribute Information: Metadata Reference Information:

Description Citation information (Title of the map/drawing) Spatial Domain Native Data Set Environment Direct Spatial Reference Method Point and Vector Object Information Horizontal Coordinate System Definition (Projection used) Entity Type Attributes details Date Metadata Standard name

2.8

Topology rules (Clean-up Standards)

Hunter Geosystems applies clean-up standards to any CAD drawings to ensure the final product is of high quality and accuracy. The provided dataset (Assign 1 9305.dwg) required the application of various clean-up standards to improve layer topology within the drawing. Table 7 details the topological rules applied certain layers within the drawing HunterRGISC9305D1.dwg (Refer to Appendix A for final map layout including clean topology).
Table 7 Clean-up Standards

Topology Rule Extend Undershoots

AutoCAD Layer Road_Contruction Access_Road *Tolerance set to 10 Contours *Tolerance set to 10

Erase Dangling Objects

Description Locate objects that come within the radius of the tolerance value but do not meet. Locates objects with endpoints that are not shared with other objects and deletes it. 6

GISC9305 AutoCAD and GIS AutoCAD Map 3D Mapping Standards Delete Duplicates Countours Access_Roads Road_Centre_Line Road_Construction *Tolerance set to 10 Contours Access Roads Road_Centre_Line Road_Construction Locates objects sharing the same start and end points within tolerance distance. User can delete one of the objects. Locates objects that cross each other without nodes, breaks the objects and creates node at crossing.

Break Crossing Objects

2.9

Quality Assurance and Control Procedures

QA/QC procedures are important for all GIS projects. As a project progresses, QA/QC measures are to be applied when the project reaches 40% and 80% completion (NPSC, 2011). This will ensure that any projects developed by Hunter Geosystems will adhere to the standard QA/QC procedures, thus providing opportunities to revise and correct any discrepancies/errors before the project reaches the final phase. Hunter Geosystems conducts QA/QC reviews of all datasets, drawings and layouts to ensure the standards are maintained throughout. This method was applied to the CAD drawing HunterR9305D1.dwg following topology clean-up using the clean-up standard (Table 7). For any layers that failed to meet the criteria of the topology rules (or not corrected following clean-up procedures), QA/QC was maintained manually using various methods of digitization to correct/clean-up topology.

3.0

Findings and Conclusion

When working with maps and CAD drawings, the high level of detail within a dataset can result in issues of compatibility as well as file integration with other GIS formats/applications if common map standards are not followed. Spatial data usually contains extensive attributes crucial to the dataset, which are to be used for a given GIS application. Applying map standards when creating, manipulating and/or adding data can significantly improve the operational efficiency of such files across all platforms. GIS files have a tendency to be passed around to various departments, firms, etc., therefore map standards can prevent/minimize discrepancies within either the data set or the final map layout, if maintained accordingly. Applications such as AutoCAD Map 3D require specific steps to be taken when working with spatial data and the associated attributes. Thus, understanding the established mapping standards can prevent users from incorrectly organizing, adding or projecting feature data.

GISC9305 AutoCAD and GIS AutoCAD Map 3D Mapping Standards This assignment required the application of mapping standards to a given CAD drawing. This provided Hunter Geosystems with specific guidelines to apply for all maps and CAD drawings produced in the future. It becomes apparent when analyzing the data and dataset properties associated with this assignment that CAD and mapping standards contribute significantly to the integrity of an entire project. Object data and object classification can require high levels of detail, which can result in the falsification of data if not these parameters are not followed as the file 'changes hands' within a firm's network. This adds a level of professionalism to any GIS firm, as the potential for variance within shared data is significantly reduced when a firm adheres to specific mapping standards. By following all mapping standards, Hunter Geosystems can provide products of high accuracy and compatible with numerous GIS platforms.

4.0

References

Crann & Associates Inc. (2005). On1Call. On1Call Map Standards & Procedures Mapping Data Mangement. Whitby, Ontario.

NPSC. (2011). Niagara Peninsula CAD Standard. Version 2.1.

GISC9305 AutoCAD and GIS AutoCAD Map 3D Mapping Standards

Appendix A: Clean Topology Map

GISC9305 AutoCAD and GIS AutoCAD Map 3D Mapping Standards