ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Chapter 5 Failure, Analysis, and Design of Laminates

(Part 1)
Dr. Jan Gou Composite Materials Research Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

HW #6
5.1 5.12 Due Day: 6:00 PM, 10/25/2006, Wednesday.

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Symmetric Laminates
Symmetric laminate: for every ply above the laminate midplane, there is an identical ply (material and orientation) an equal distance below the midplane [B] = 0

The force and moment are uncoupled

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering Dr. Jan Gou

Cross-Ply Laminates
Cross-ply laminate: composed of plies of either 0 or 90 (no other ply orientation) A16= 0, A26= 0 B16=0, B26= 0 D16= 0, D26= 0

Uncoupling occurs between the normal and shear forces as well as between the bending and twisting moments
ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering Dr. Jan Gou

Angle Ply Laminates

Angle-ply laminate: has plies of the same material and thickness and only oriented at + and - directions If the laminate has an even number of plies, then A16= 0, A26= 0 If the number of plies is odd and it consists of alternating + and - plies, then it is symmetric, giving [B] =0, and A16, A26, D16, and D26 becomes small.

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Antisymmetric Laminates
Antisymmetric laminate: the material and thickness of the plies are the same above and below the midplane, but the ply orientation at the same distance above and below the midplane are negative of each other. A16= 0, A26= 0 D16=0, D26=0

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Balanced Laminates
Balanced laminate: for every ply at a + orientation, there is another ply at the orientation somewhere in the laminate. The plus and minus pairs do not need to be adjacent to each other. A16=A26 =0

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Isotropic Materials

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Quansi-Isotropic Laminates
Quansi-isotropic laminate: produced using at least three different ply orientations, all with equal angles between them. Exhitbit isotropic extensional stiffness properties A11=A22 A16=A26=0 A66 = (A11-A12)/2 The stiffnesses are independent of the angle of rotation of the laminate [B] and [D] may not behave like isotropic materials. (Quansiisotropic, not isotropic!)
ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering Dr. Jan Gou

Responses of Special Laminates

Balanced, unsymetric laminate Tensile loading produces twisting curvature Ex: [+/0/- ]T Symmetric, unbalanced laminate Tensile loading produces in-plane shearing Ex: [+/0/+ ]T Unsymmetric cross-ply laminate Tensile loading produces bending curvatures Ex: [0/90]T
ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering Dr. Jan Gou

Responses of Special Laminates

Balanced and symmetric laminate Tensile loading produces extension Ex: [+/- ] s Quasi-isotropic laminate Tensile loading produces extension loading, independent of angle Ex: [+60/0/-60] s and [-45/0/+45/90]s

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Example 5.1

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.1

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.1

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.1

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.1

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.1

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Degradation of Stiffness and Strength

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Analysis Procedures

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Example 5.3

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.3

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.3

Local strain at 0, top

Local stress at 0, top

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.3

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.3

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.3

Tsai-Wu Failure Theory:

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.3

Maximum Strain Failure Theory:

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.3

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.3

First Ply Failure:

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.3

Degradation of [Q]:

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.3

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.3

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.3

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.3

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.3

Failure Analysis:

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.3

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.3

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.3

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Example 5.4

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.4

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.4

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.4

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.4

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.4

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.4

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.4

Tsai-Wu Failure Criteria:

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou

Solution to Example 5.4

ME 582 Advanced Materials Science Department of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Jan Gou