Chemistry 11

Flame Test Lab Block: __ Date: ______

Name: _______________________

Partners name: ______________________________________ OBJECTIVE: Use flame tests to identify unknown cations (positive ions) in salt solutions !"TE#I"$%: &' candles &' matc()ooks &' watc( *lasses (fo+ disca+din* matc(es and wooden splints) &' wooden ,-tips &' )eake+s (eac( wit( containin* . /0 m$ of a salt solution) met(anol (a)out /0 m$ in eac( )eake+) )low to+c( l pai+ of safety *o**les fo+ eve+y pe+son 1#OCE2U#E: & Ensu+e t(e li*(ts a+e off and t(e )linds a+e s(ut ' "t t(e fi+st station you a+e assi*ned to3 li*(t t(e candle usin* a matc( 1ut t(e matc( on t(e watc( *lass w(en you a+e finis(ed wit( it 4 In t(e app+op+iate cell in Ta)le &3 +eco+d t(e appea+ance of t(e solution in t(e )eake+ 2ou)le-c(eck t(e la)el on t(e )eake+ to make su+e you a+e fillin* out t(e co++ect +ow in Ta)le & 5 2ip one of t(e wooden ,-tips into t(e )eake+ of salt solution6met(anol $eave it soakin* fo+ at least & minute / 7old t(e soaked cotton tip of t(e ,-tip at t(e ve+y tip of t(e flame 8 1ee+ at t(e pa+t of t(e flame t(at is a)ove t(e ,-tip 9atc( t(is flame fo+ at least 40 seconds #eco+d you+ o)se+vations a)out t(e colou+ of t(e flame in t(e app+op+iate cell of Ta)le & : ;ou may want to +epeat steps 5-8 Use t(e ot(e+ end of t(e ,-tip to do so < 1ut you+ used ,-tip on t(e watc( *lass = $eave t(e candle lit fo+ t(e ne>t *+oup &0 9(en you+ teac(e+ *ives t(e si*nal3 move to t(e ne>t solution in Ta)le & ;ou will move to t(e solution t(at is immediately )elow t(e one you ?ust e>amined If you e>amined t(e )ottom-most solution on t(e ta)le3 move to t(e top solution on t(e ta)le && Once you *et to you+ ne>t solution3 +epeat steps 4-&0 &' One you (ave filled out all of Ta)le &3 you will )e assi*ned to one of t(e unknown solutions @ill out Ta)le ' w(ile e>pe+imentin* wit( all t(e unknown solutions3 ?ust as you did fo+ all t(e solutions in Ta)le & &4 "t you+ final station3 )low out t(e candle once you a+e finis(ed wit( it &5 1ut t(e matc(es and ,-tips in t(is watc( *lass in t(e *a+)a*e &/ 1us( t(e e,uipment at t(is station to t(e cent+e of t(e ta)le in o+de+ to leave +oom to wo+k at t(is ta)le

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&8 #etu+n to you+ seat3 and wo+k on t(e ,uestions and conclusion &: Once all *+oups a+e finis(ed t(e e>pe+iment3 you+ teac(e+ will demonst+ate t(e flame test usin* t(e )low to+c( ;ou may want to ad?ust some of you+ +esults )ased on t(e +esults *iven wit( t(e *low to+c( #E%U$T%: Table 1. Flame tests of known salt sol tions. Cation in sol tion !""earance of sol tion Bari m Calci m Cobalt Co""er Lea# Potassi m $o#i m $tronti m Table %. Flame tests of nknown salt sol tions. &nknown !""earance of sol tion sol tion 1 % ' ( AUE%TIOB%: Complete these questions and the conclusion on a separate piece of paper which you will later staple to this hand-out. & 1+edict t(e identity of t(e cation in eac( of t(e unknown salt solutions Justify eac( p+ediction usin* evidence f+om Ta)les & and '

!""earance of sol tion in flame

!""earance of sol tion in flame

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' Classify eac( cation in Ta)le & acco+din* to *+oups of t(e pe+iodic ta)le (alkali metals3 alkaline ea+t( metals3 o+ t+ansition metals) 4 2o you notice any patte+ns in t(e appea+ance of eit(e+ t(e solutions o+ t(e flames )ased on t(e *+oups of t(e pe+iodic ta)le t(at t(e ions occupyC 4 9(y do all of t(e cations (ave to )e metalsC 5 Use t(e inte+net o+ t(e te>t)ook to +esea+c( two sepa+ate uses fo+ t(e flame test T+y to answe+ t(e ,uestion: D9(y is it useful fo+ scientists to know t(e colou+s of diffe+ent ionsE flamesCF COBC$U%IOB: 9+ite a conclusion fo+ t(is la) Be su+e to Danswe+F t(e o)?ective3 and use evidence f+om you+ la) to )ack up you+ answe+