UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA

FINAL EXAMINATION
SEMESTER II
SESSION 2012/2013



COURSE NAME : CIVIL ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS II

COURSE CODE : BFC 14003

PROGRAMME : 1 BFF, 2 BFF

EXAMINATION DATE : JUNE 2013

DURATION : 3 HOURS

INSTRUCTION : ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN PART A
AND THREE (3) QUESTIONS IN PART B











THIS QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF SIX (6) PAGES



CONFIDENTIAL


































CONFIDENTIAL

BFC 14003

2

PART A

Q1 A periodic function is defined by

2, 2 0
( )
, 0 2
x
f x
x x
< <
=

< <

( ) ( ) 4 f x f x = + .
(a) Sketch the graph of the function over 4 4 x < < .
(2 marks)
(b) Determine whether the function is even, odd or neither.
(1 marks)
(c) Show that the Fourier series of the function ) (x f

is
( )
2
1 1
1 1
3 2 2
cos sin
2 2 2
n
n n
n x n x
n n
t t
t t t

= =
(

| | | |

E E
| |
\ . \ .
.
(17 marks)


Q2 (a) Consider the series,
......... ..........
125
1
25
1
5
1
+ + +

(i) Give the sigma notation of the series above.
(ii) Determine whether the series converge or diverge.
(6 marks)

(b) Given that
4
1
4
1
1
lim
4
4
) 1 (
lim
4 /
4 / ) 1 (
lim
4
4 1
4
4
1 4
=
|
.
|

\
|
+
=
+
=
+
+
+
+
+
+
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
.

Determine whether the series

=1
4
4
n
n
n
conditionally convergent, absolutely
convergent, or divergent.

(3 marks)
(c) Given

1
2
) 3 (
n
n
n
x
.


BFC 14003

3

By using the ratio test for absolute convergence, find
(i) The interval of converges,
(ii) The radius of converges. (11 marks)



PART B

Q3 (a) Solve the differential equation by using the method of separation of variables,
2 3
1 4x dy y xdx + = .
Hence, find the particular solution when
3
(2)
5
y = .
(5 marks)
(b) By using the substitution of and ,
dy dv
y xv x v
dx dx
= = + find the solution of
2 2
.
dy
x y x y
dx
= + +

(Hints:
1
2 2
sinh ( ) c, c is constant,
dx x
a
a x

} = +
+

1 2
sinh ( ) ln | 1| x x x

= + + .)
(6 marks)
(c) The temperature of a dead body when it was found at 3 oclock in the morning
is 85 F

. The surrounding temperature at that time was 68 F

. After two
hours, the temperature of the dead body decreased to 74 F

. Determine the
time of murdered.
(Hints: ( )
s
dT
k T T
dt
= , where
dT
dt
is the temperature change in a body , k
is the proportionality constant, T is temperature in the body and
s
T is the
temperature constant of the surrounding medium. The normal human body
temperature is 98.6 F

.)
(9 marks)




BFC 14003

4

Q4 (a) Use the method of variation of parameters to solve
2
2 .
( 1)
x
e
y y y
x
'' ' + =

(10 marks)
(c) A spring is stretched 0.25 m ( ) l = A when a 4 kg mass ( ) M = is attached. The
weight is pushed up 1/2 m and released. The damping constant equals 2 c = . If
the general equation describing the spring-mass system is 0, Mu cu ku '' ' + + =
find an equation for the position of the spring at any time t.
(Hints: weight, , 9.8, .
W
W Mg g k
l
= ~ =
A
)
(10 marks)

Q5 (a) Find
(i)
{ }
2 3 2
cos3
t t
e t t e

+
(ii)
{ }
2
( 1) ( 2) t H t
(10 marks)
(b) By using Laplace transform, solve

2 5 20, (0) 0, (0) 10. y y y y y '' ' ' + + = = =
(10 marks)


Q6 (a) Find
(i)
1
2 2
2 3
.
9 4
s
s s

`
+
)

(ii)
1
2
1 3
.
( 4) 5
s
s

`
+ +
)

(10 marks)
(b) Find the general solution for the second order differential
equation
3 2 3 10cos ,
x
y y y e x

'' ' + =
by using the undetermined coefficient method.
(10 marks)
BFC 14003

5

FINAL EXAMINATION

SEMESTER / SESSION : SEM II / 2012/2013 COURSE : 1 BFF / 2 BFF
SUBJECT : CIVIL ENGINEERING MATHEMATIC II SUBJECT CODE : BFC 14003
FORMULA
Second-order Differential Equation
The roots of characteristic equation and the general solution for differential equation
. 0 = + ' + ' ' cy y b y a
Characteristic equation: . 0
2
= + + c bm am
Case The roots of characteristic equation General solution
1.
Real and different roots:
1
m and
2
m
x m x m
Be Ae y
2 1
+ =
2.
Real and equal roots:
2 1
m m m = =
mx
e Bx A y ) ( + =
3.
Complex roots: i m | o + =
1
, i m | o =
2

) sin cos ( x B x A e y
x
| |
o
+ =

The method of undetermined coefficients
For non-homogeneous second order differential equation ( ), ay by cy f x '' ' + + = the particular
solution is given by ( )
p
y x :
( ) f x
( )
p
y x
1
1 1 0
( )
n n
n n n
P x A x A x Ax A

= + + + +
1
1 1 0
( )
r n n
n n
x B x B x B x B

+ + + +
x
Ce
o
( )
r x
x Pe
o

cos or sin C x C x | |
( cos sin )
r
x P x Q x | | +
( )
x
n
P x e
o

1
1 1 0
( )
r n n x
n n
x B x B x B x B e
o

+ + + +
cos
( )
sin
n
x
P x
x
|
|

1
1 1 0
1
1 1 0
( ) cos
( )sin
r n n
n n
r n n
n n
x B x B x B x B x
x C x C x C x C x
|
|

+ + + + +
+ + + +

cos
sin
x
x
Ce
x
o
|
|

( cos sin )
r x
x e P x Q x
o
| | +
cos
( )
sin
x
n
x
P x e
x
o
|
|

1
1 1 0
1
1 1 0
( ) cos
( ) sin
r n n x
n n
r n n x
n n
x B x B x B x B e x
x C x C x C x C e x
o
o
|
|

+ + + + +
+ + + +

Note : r is the least non-negative integer (r = 0, 1, or 2) which determine such that there
is no terms in particular integral ) (x y
p
corresponds to the complementary function
) (x y
c
.

The method of variation of parameters
If the solution of the homogeneous equation 0 = + ' + ' ' cy y b y a is ,
2 1
By Ay y
c
+ = then the
particular solution for ) (x f cy y b y a = + ' + ' ' is
,
2 1
vy uy y + =
where ,
) (
2
A dx
aW
x f y
u + =
}
B dx
aW
x f y
v + =
}
) (
1
and
1 2 2 1
2 1
2 1
y y y y
y y
y y
W ' ' =
' '
= .
BFC 14003

6

FINAL EXAMINATION

SEMESTER / SESSION : SEM II / 2012/2013 COURSE : 1 BFF / 2 BFF
SUBJECT : CIVIL ENGINEERING MATHEMATIC II SUBJECT CODE : BFC 14003

Laplace Transform
L
}

= =
0
) ( ) ( )} ( { s F dt e t f t f
st

) (t f ) (s F ) (t f ) (s F
a

s
a
) ( a t H
s
e
as

at
e
a s
1
) ( ) ( a t H a t f
) (s F e
as

at sin
2 2
a s
a
+
) ( a t o
as
e

at cos
2 2
a s
s
+
( ) ( ) f t t a o
( )
as
e f a

at sinh
2 2
a s
a

0
( ) ( )
t
f u g t u du
}
) ( ) ( s G s F
at cosh
2 2
a s
s

( ) y t ) (s Y
n
t , ... , 3 , 2 , 1 = n
1
!
+ n
s
n
( ) y t ' ) 0 ( ) ( y s sY
) (t f e
at

) ( a s F ( ) y t ''
) 0 ( ) 0 ( ) (
2
y sy s Y s '
) (t f t
n
, ... , 3 , 2 , 1 = n ) ( ) 1 ( s F
ds
d
n
n
n



Fourier Series

Fourier series expansion of periodic
function with period L 2
0
1 1
1
( ) cos sin
2
n n
n n
n x n x
f x a a b
L L
t t

= =
= + +


where
}

=
L
L
dx x f
L
a ) (
1
0

}

=
L
L
n
dx
L
x n
x f
L
a
t
cos ) (
1

}

=
L
L
n
dx
L
x n
x f
L
b
t
sin ) (
1

Fourier half-range series expansion



=

=
+ + =
1 1
0
sin cos
2
1
) (
n
n
n
n
L
x n
b
L
x n
a a x f
t t

where
}
=
L
dx x f
L
a
0
0
) (
2

}
=
L
n
dx
L
x n
x f
L
a
0
cos ) (
2 t

}
=
L
n
dx
L
x n
x f
L
b
0
sin ) (
2 t



BFC 14003

7

Marking Scheme
(M method, A answer) Mark Total
Q1
(a)









A2

2
Q1
(b)
Neither

A1
1
Q1 (c)

4 x T x + = +
2 T L =
4 2L =
2 L =

0
1
( )
L
L
a f x dx
L

( = }



0 2
2 0
1
2
2
dx xdx

( = } + }



| |
2
2
0
2
0
1
2
2 2
x
x

(
(
( = +
(
(




| |
1
4 2
2
= +

3 =




1
( ) cos
L
n L
n x
a f x dx
L L
t

(
= }
(



0 2
2 0
1
2cos( ) cos( )
2 2 2
n x n x
dx x dx
t t

(
= } + }
(








A1




M1



A1


A1


A1







M1



17
BFC 14003

8

(M method, A answer) Mark Total


u dv

x
cos( )
2
n x t


1 2
sin( )
2
n x
n
t
t


0
2 2
4
cos( )
2
n x
n
t
t




0 2
2 2
2 0
1 4 2 4
sin( ) sin( ) cos( )
2 2 2 2
n x x n x n x
n n n
t t t
t t t

(
( (
= + +
(
( (

(




2 2 2 2
1 4 4
cos( )
2
n
n n
t
t t
(
=
(





1
( )sin
L
n L
n x
b f x dx
L L
t

(
= }
(



0 2
2 0
1
2sin( ) sin( )
2 2 2
n x n x
dx x dx
t t

(
= } + }
(




u dv

x
sin( )
2
n x t


1
2
cos( )
2
n x
n
t
t


0
2 2
4
sin( )
2
n x
n
t
t




0 2
2 2
2 0
1 4 2 4
cos( ) cos( ) sin( )
2 2 2 2
n x x n x n x
n n n
t t t
t t t

(
( (
= + +
(
( (

(




1 4 4 4
cos( ) cos( )
2
n n
n n n
t t
t t t
(
= +
(










M1







A1


A1







M1





M1








A1




A1




BFC 14003

9

(M method, A answer) Mark Total
2 2 2 2
1
1 4 4
cos( ) cos( )
2 2 3
( )
2 1 4 4 4
cos( ) cos( ) sin( )
2 2
n
n x
n
n n
f x
n x
n n
n n n
t
t
t t
t
t t
t t t

=
(
(

(
(

(
= + E
(
(
+ +
(
(




2 2 2 2
1
3 1 4 4 1 4
( 1) cos( ) sin( )
2 2 2 2 2
n
n
n x n x
n n n
t t
t t t

=
(
( (
= + E +
(
( (





( )
2
1 1
1 1
3 2 2
cos sin
2 2 2
n
n n
n x n x
n n
t t
t t t

= =
(

| | | |

= E E
| |
\ . \ .





A1



M1
A1




A1
Q2
(a)
(i)

=1 5
1
n
n


(ii)
By using ratio test,
1
1
1
1 5
5
lim lim
1
5 1
5
1
1
5
n
n
n
n n
n
+
+

=
= <


so the series converge.
Or the series represent geometric series where r < 1, so converge.

A1A1
(1
st
A1 for
limit, 2
nd
A1
for term)


M1M1


A1


A1
6
Q2
(b)

By ratio test for absolute convergence,

the series converge absolutely as < 1.

M1M1

A1
3
Q2 (c)
(i) Apply the ratio test for absolute convergence.


1 2
1
2
2
2
( 3)
lim lim
( 1) ( 3)
lim 3
1
1
3 lim 1 3
1
n
n
n
n n
n
n
n
u x n
u n x
n
x
n
x x
n

+
+
+
+
+

= =
+
(
| |
=
(
|
+
\ .
(

| |
= =
|
+
\ .

Thus, the series converges absolutely if
3 1, or 1 3 1, or 2 4 x x x < < < < < .



M1





A1



M1A1
11
BFC 14003

10

(M method, A answer) Mark Total
The series diverges if x < 2 or x > 4.
When 2, x =
(using p-series)
2 2 2 2
1
( 1) 1 1 1
1
2 3 4
n
n
n

= + +

Or the series of absolute values
2 2 2 2
1
( 1) 1 1 1
1
2 3 4
n
n
n

= + + + +

converge absolutely since 2 1. p = >


When 4, x =
(using p-series)
2 2 2 2
1
1 1 1 1
1
2 3 4
n
n
n

=
= + + + +

also converge since 2 1. p = >

So, the interval of convergence is [2, 4].


(ii) The radius of convergence is R = 1



M1
A1


M1

A1







A1


A1


A1
Q3
(a)
2 3
1 4x dy xy dx + =
3
2
1 4
dy x
dx
y
x
=
+


3
2
1
1 4
x
dy dx
y
x
} = }
+


assume
2
1 4 a x = +
8
da
x
dx
=

3
1 1 1
8
dy da
y a
} = }

2
1 1
(2 )
2 8
a k
y
= +

2
1
1 4
4
x k = + +

Given
3
(2)
5
y = , so
3.45 k =






A1




M1







A1




A1
5
BFC 14003

11

(M method, A answer) Mark Total


2
2
1 1 4
3.45
2 4
x
y
+
=



A1
Q3
(b)

2 2
dy
x y x y
dx
= + +

2 2 2
dv
x x v xv x x v
dx
(
+ = + +
(



2
1 xv x v = + +

2
1 x v v
(
= + +




2
1
dv
x v v v
dx
+ = + +
2
1
dv
x v
dx
= +
2
1 1
1
dv dx
x
v
=
+


2
1 1
1
dv dx
x
v
} = }
+


By using the hints,

1
sinh ( ) ln | | v x k

= + , k is a constant.


2
ln | 1| ln | | v v x k + + = +

2
ln | ( ) 1| ln | |
y y
x k
x x
+ + = +










A1





M1




A1





A1


M1



A1

6
Q3
(c)

at 3 t = am, 85 T F

= ; 5 t = am, 74 T F

= ; ? t = ,
98.6 T F

=

( )
s
dT
k T T
dt
=
( )
s
dT
kdt
T T
=

9
BFC 14003

12

(M method, A answer) Mark Total

1
s
dT kdt
T T
} = }

ln | |
s
T T kt c = + , c is constant
kt
s
T T Ae

= + ,
c
A e =



at 3am, t =


3
85 68
k
Ae

= +
3
17
k
Ae

=
3
17
k
A
e

=

So
3
17
68
kt
k
T e
e

= +


at 5am t = ,

5
3
17
74 68
k
k
e
e

= +
2
6 17
k
e

=

2
6
17
k
e

=
1 6
ln( )
2 17
k =

3 6
ln( )
2 17
17 A e

=


3 6 1 6
ln( ) ln( )
2 17 2 17
68 17
t
T e e

= +
3 6 1 6
ln( ) ln( )
2 17 2 17
3 6 1 6
ln( ) ln( )
2 17 2 17
3 6 1 6
ln( ) ln( )
2 17 2 17
98.6 68 17
1.8
ln | 1.8|
1.87

t
t
t
e e
e e
e
t

= +
=
=
=

1: 52 ~ am

Therefore, the time of murdered was 1:52am.

M1


A1












A1











A1


A1



M1



A1

M1



A1
BFC 14003

13

(M method, A answer) Mark Total
Q4
(a)
Step 1:
2
1, ( )
( 1)
x
e
a f x
x
= =

Step 2:
2
1 2
1 2
2 1 0
1
Thus,
x x
h
x x
x x x
m m
m
y Ae Bxe
y e y xe
y e y xe e
+ =
=
= +
= =
' ' = = +


Step 3:
2 2 2 2
.
x x
x x x x
x x x
e xe
W xe e xe e
e xe e
= = + =
+


Step 4:
{ }
2
2
2
2
2
( 1)

( 1)
1
; 1
1

1
ln | 1|
1
x
x
x
e
xe
x
u dx
e
x
dx
x
u
du u x
u
u du
u
x C
x

=
=

+
= =
= +
= +

}
}
}
}


{ }
2
2
2
2
2
( 1)
1

( 1)
1
; 1

1

1
x
x
x
e
e
x
v dx
e
dx
x
du u x
u
u du
D
x

=
=

= =
=
= +

}
}
}
}


Step 5:







M1





A1




M1A1



M1




M1




A1








M1




A1



10
BFC 14003

14

(M method, A answer) Mark Total
1 2
1 1
( ln | 1| ) ( )
1 1
ln | 1| (1 ).
1
x x
x
x x x
y uy vy
x C e D xe
x x
e
Ce Dxe e x x
x
= +
= + + +

= + +

A1
Q4
(b)
4(9.8) 39.2
39.2
156.8
0.25
2
W mg
W
k
l
c
= = =
= = =
A
=


Thus, from 0, mu cu ku '' ' + + =
We get 4 2 156.8 0 u u u '' ' + + = or 2 78.4 0. u u u '' ' + + =

The characteristic equation is
2
2 78.4 0. m m + + =
So, 0.25 6.25 . m i =
Therefore, ( )
0.25
( ) cos(6.25 ) sin(6.25 ) .
t
u t e A t B t

= +

( )
( )
0.25
0.25
( ) 6.25 sin(6.25 ) 6.25 cos(6.25 )
0.25 cos(6.25 ) sin(6.25 ) .
t
t
u t e A t B t
e A t B t

' = +
+

The spring is pushed up 1/2 m and released.
So, we have (0) 1/ 2 u = . (pushed up is negative)
Since the weight is simply released, its initial velocity is zero,
(0) 0 u' = .

These initial conditions give us the equation for the position of the
spring at any time t as
( )
0.25
( ) 0.5cos(6.25 ) 0.02sin(6.25 ) .
t
u t e t t

=
A1


A1






A1


M1
A1
A1
A1




A1

A1





A1
10
Q5(a)
(i)
{ }
{ } { }
2 3 2
2 3 2
2 4
cos3
cos3
2 6
( 2) 9 ( 2)
t t
t t
e t t e
e t t e
s
s s

+
= +

= +
+ +

M1


A1A1
3
BFC 14003

15

(M method, A answer) Mark Total
Q5(a)
(ii)
{ }
{ }
{ } { } { }
{ } { } { }
2
2
2 2
2
2
2
2 2 2
2 2 2
3 2
( 1) ( 2)
( 2 1) ( 2)
Let ( 2) 2
2 1 [( 2) 2] 2[( 2) 2] 1
( 2) 4( 2) 4 2( 2) 4 1
( 2) 2( 2) 1
( 2) ( 2) 2 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2)
2 ( 2)
2
s s
s s s
t H t
t t H t
t t
t t t t
t t t
t t
t H t t H t H t
e t e t H t
e e e
s s s



= +
= +
+ = + + +
= + + +
= + +
+ +
= + +
= + +

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A1A1A1
7
Q5(b)

{ } { } { } { }
( )
2
2
2
2 2
2
2 5 20, (0) 0, (0) 10
2 5 20
20
( ) (0) (0) 2 ( ) (0) 5 ( )
20
( ) 10 2 ( ) 5 ( )
20
( 2 5) ( ) 10
20 10
( )
( 2 5) 2 5
Byusing partial fraction,
20
( 2 5)
y y y y y
y y y
s Y s sy y sY s y Y s
s
s Y s sY s Y s
s
s s Y s
s
Y s
s s s s s
A Bs
s s s s
'' ' ' + + = = =
'' ' + + =
' + + =
+ + =
+ + = +
= +
+ + + +
= +
+ +

{ }
2
2
1
1
2 2
1
2
1
2
1 1 1
2 2
2 5
20 ( ) (2 ) 5
4, 4, 8
( ) ( )
4 4 8 10
2 5 2 5
4 4 2
( 1) 4
4 4[( 1) 1] 2
( 1) 4
4 4( 1) 6
( 1) 4 ( 1) 4
C
s s
A B s A C s A
A B C
y t Y s
s
s s s s s
s
s s
s
s s
s
s s s

+
+ +
= + + + +
= = =
=

= + +
`
+ + + +
)
+
= +
`
+ +
)
+ +
= +
`
+ +
)
+
= +
` `
+ + + +
)
)

4 4 cos 2 3 sin 2
t t
e t e t


`
)
= +






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A1A1A1
10
BFC 14003

16

(M method, A answer) Mark Total
Q6(a)
(i)
3
1
2 2
3
1 1 1
2 2
3
2 3
9 4
2 3
9 4
2
sin3 3cosh 2
3
e s
s s s
e s
s s s
e t t

+
`
+
)


= +
` ` `
+
) )
)
= +

M1


A1A1A1
4
Q6(a)
(ii)
1
2
2
2
2
2 2
1 1
2 2
4 1 4 1
2 2
4
1 3
( 4) 5
1 3
( )
( 4) 5
1 3[( 4) 4]
( 4) 5
3( 4) 13
( 4) 5
3( 4) 13
( 4) 5 ( 4) 5
3( 4) 13
( 4) 5 ( 4) 5
13
3
5 5
3 co
t t
t
s
s
s
F s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s s
s
s s
s
e e
s s
e

`
+ +
)

=
+ +
+
=
+ +
+ +
=
+ +
+
= +
+ + + +
+
+
` `
+ + + +
) )

= +
` `
+ +
) )
=

4
13
s 5 sin 5
5
t
t e t

+








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6
BFC 14003

17

(M method, A answer) Mark Total
Q6(b)

2
1 2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1 1 1
3 2 3 10cos , (0) 0, (0) 2
3 2 0
2, 1
( ) 3
0 .......(i)
Compare with , no termalike. Accept (i).
3 2 3
3(
x
x x
h
x
r x
p
x
p
h
x
p
x
p
x
p p p
x
y y y e x y y
m m
m m
y Ae Be
f x e
y x Pe
r y Pe
y
y Pe
y Pe
y y y e
Pe Pe

'' ' ' + = = =
+ =
= =
= +
=
( =

= =
' =
'' =
'' ' + =

| |
1
2
2
2
2
2
2 2 2
) 2 3
6 3
1
2
1
2
( ) 10cos
cos sin
0 cos sin .......(ii)
Compare with , no termalike. Accept (ii).
sin cos
cos sin
3 2 10cos
cos
x x x
x x
x
p
r
p
p
h
p
p
p p p
Pe e
Pe e
P
y e
f x x
y x K x L x
r y K x L x
y
y K x L x
y K x L x
y y y x
K x L

+ =
=
=
=
=
= +
= = +
' = +
'' =
'' ' + =

2
2
sin 3( sin cos ) 2( cos sin ) 10cos
( 7 9 ) cos (9 7 ) sin 10cos
7 9
,
13 13
7 9
cos sin
13 13
1 7 9
cos sin
2 13 13
p
x x x
x K x L x K x L x x
K L x K L x x
K L
y x x
y Ae Be e x x

+ + + =
+ =
= =
= +
= + + + +



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10