What is a Teaching Aid?

Definition A teaching aid is a tool used by teachers, facilitators, or tutors to :

help learners improve reading and other skills

illustrate or reinforce a skill, fact, or idea, and

relieve anxiety, fears, or boredom, since many teaching aids are like games.

Classification Teaching aids play a key role in teaching-learning situations. It works as the support to both teacher and taught in the pursuit of knowledge and curriculum transaction. Teaching aids are the tools purposefully designed to overcome verbal deficiencies in communication in a classroom situation. Teaching aids are divided into different types as per their nature of function and usability.

1. Auditory Aids: - These aids produce sound and act through the ear. These are Gramophone, Tape Recorder and Radio.

2. Visual Aids: - These aids presents pictures and matters act through the eyes. These are The chalkboard, The flannel-board, The bulletin-board, Projected aids, such as slides, epidiascope film-strips and motion pictures etc., and Representationscharts, sketches, flash cards, posters, cartoons, pictures etc.

3. Audio-Visual aids: - These aids produce both pictorial and sounds which influence mind both through the eyes and ears. These are television and sound motion pictures

4. Activity aids: - These aids induce direct participation of students and teachers to get first hand knowledge. These are:- Tours, Excursion, field trips, Collection of specimens, models, pictures, coins etc., Preparation of models, charts, puppets etc. and Dramatics, Demonstration.

Function

It works as the support to both teacher and taught in the pursuit of knowledge and curriculum transaction.

designed to overcome verbal deficiencies in communication in a classroom situation

Language Definition Of Language

Wilhem Von Humboldt, a German scholar defines language as a synthesis of sound.

Ferdinand de Saussure, a Swiss linguistic scholar state language as a signal system.

Bloch and Trager defines language as an arbitrary symbol used among community

one system to represent objects, actions, ideas and circumstances.

one piece of equipment that is used to convey their real concept into the minds of others

an integrated system of meaning a code that is used by linguistics experts to distinguish between form and meaning.

One saying that keeping a predetermined grammar (examples: The words, sentences, and others.)

a speech system that will be understood by the linguistic community

The concept of language

According to Nik Abdul Kadir Hassan Basri (2203), the language is the ability of human nature in the form of a symbol system of sounds agreed that arbitrary and is used by some people to communicate.

According to Edward Sapir (1921) (in Siti Hajar Abdul Aziz, 2008, p.52) ; language is often used by humans and are the means used to convey ideas, feelings and desires through sounds of spoken language

According to Bloch and Trager (1942), (in Siti Hajar Abdul Aziz, 2008, p.52), Language is defined as a system symbola symbol of vocal used by human communication. The process of language communicationoccur s when the speaker and the listener

The definition of oral, speaking, listening, reading and comprehension.

oral a spoken be with your mouth (not by a letter) to speak.

listening perceive sound with ears

speaking capable of speech expressive or telling

reading The act or activity of one that reads. An official or public recitation of written material

comprehensi on The act or fact of grasping the meaning, nature, or importance of; understandi ng.

The definition of assessment in reading, comprehension, writing, speaking and oral.

Assesment in oral

provides information concerning strengths and weaknesses in what a student is able to listen to and understand is a test of the students receptive language.

Assesment of speaking

a receptive skill comprising both a physical process and an interpretive, analytical process include critical listening skills and nonverbal listening.

Assesment in reading

Teachers use assessments in reading to make sure students are making measurable progress. Students should be able to read a wide variety of materials, both fiction and non-fiction, with comprehension.

Assesment in comprehension

requires students to recognize written words; understand and relate the meaning of words and sentences; relate their prior knowledge to what they are reading and understand long texts

Assesment in writting

providing assistance to students, awarding a grade, placing students in appropriate courses, allowing them to exit a course or sequence of courses, certifying proficiency, and evaluating programs-- to name some of the more obvious

The Importance and Function of Language.

Roman Jacobson state that there are 6 function of language which is : 1. The Referential Function. 2. The Expressive Function. 3. The Conative Function. 4. The Poetic Function. 5. The Phatic Function.

Lesson Plan 1
Time No. of students Level of proficiency Theme Topic General objective : 45 minutes : 25 : simple writing : Writing : Alphabet : To enable students to have good coordination between visual and motor Specific objectives : By the end of the lesson, students will be able to: 1. Know how to draw alphabet 2. Say alphabet correctly Skills involved : 1. singing 2. Writing 3. Sketching 4. Shaping 5. Coloring Content : 1. Whole-class singing 2. Pair-work 3. Individual work 4. Individual work 5. Whole class singing Teaching Aids : 1. Alphabet picture 2. Exercise sheet : join the dot

3. Modeling clay (plasticine) 4. Projector 5. Speaker 6. ABC song 7. Black Board Stage/Time Content Presentation/activity Notation

Set Induction 5 minutes

Whole-class sing ABC song guild by teacher

1. Teacher prepares ABC song 2. Teacher sing ABC song and student followed 3. All student sing ABC song without guild from teacher

Media: Projector, speaker, ABC song.

Development Stage 1 5 minutes

Pair-work

1. Teacher ask student to bring plastisine and

Media: Plastecine, alphabet picture

Playing with modeling clay (Plasticine).

choose pairs 2. Teacher show alphabet picture 3. Teacher ask students to make alphabet from plasticine in pairs 4. Teacher calls

Example :

upon pairs which excellent to show their work in front of class

Stage 2 15 minutes

Individual work

1. Teacher prepared presentation Media: picture how to do line, an alphabet

Sketching line and alphabet.

about how to do straight line, squiggles and alphabet from A to G. 2. While present the presentation teacher draws a straight line, squiggles and alphabet from A to G in the air and follow by pupil. 3. Teacher draws a straight line; squiggles and

alphabet from A to G in the black board pupil follow in their exercise book.

Stage 3

Individual-work

1. teacher bring

Media: black board,

15 minutes Exercise Join the dot to form : 1. Capital letters 2. Small letters 3. Both small and capital letters

exercise join the dot to form capital letters and small letters 2. Teacher show example how to do the exercise. 3. Student does the exercise and paste in their exercise book. 4. Student color the exercise

Worksheet 1

Closure 5 minutes

Whole class singing.

1. Teacher make a conclusions 2. All students sing ABC song together. 3. Teacher tells students to bring Plasticine in next class

Media: Projector, speaker, ABC song.