Synopsis

Of

PROJECT REPORT
Submitted in the partial fulfillment of requirement for the award of degree Of BACHELORS OF In ELECTRONICS AND TELECOMMUNICATION Under Punjab Technical University , Jalandhar TECHNOLOGY

Under the guidance of

Er. Pallavi

Submitted By:
Shehnaaz (1185306) Sohangjot Kaur Randhawa (1185308)

Department

Of ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

PATIALA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY , FOR WOMEN NANDPUR KESHO PATIALA , PUNJAB

SPEED CHECKER
Upload Log in Sign up 1. INTRODUCTION
Many analysts and policy makers have argued that building more highways is an Ineffective response to congestion: specifically, that it is infeasible to add enough highways Capacity in large urban areas to provide much relief. But this making of highways is just showing the path for accidents because of no speed limits in these highways. In order to overcome this problem we have designed equipment called as SPEED CHECKER ON HIGHWAYS. This kit investigates differentiated design standards as a source of capacity additions that are more affordable. Here we consider the average speed and high speed with which the vehicles are moving. We also consider the implications of differing accident rates.All these consideration were taken and the design of this equipment is done. This design helps to find the vehicles which are moving with high speed in spite of a speed limit board is presenting that highway. The cops then can take necessary action on that culprit. The design mainly uses a timer, counter, logic gates and 7-segment display. Using these components we design the speed checker on highways and observed that it is working more efficiently than expected.

2. BLOCK DIAGRAM
There are totally four sections in the block diagram. They are Counter circuit, timer &control circuit, triggering circuit and 7-segment display. Each block has its own functionality. The 7-segment display is used for displaying the output. The counter circuit is the one count the number of times an event has occurred in accordance with the clock signal. The is received from the timer and control circuit. The timer and control circuit consists of a timer IC and another IC which receives input signal from triggering circuit according to the ON/OFF condition of the two switches present there. A circuit having a delay circuit provided with a gate for converting the output signal of an SR flip-flop into a signal with a delay equal to or more than the clock pulse width enough for count . Operation and leading the logical addition between the signal and system clock and m ul t ip lic ati o n be t we en the si gna l a nd co un te r wr i te si gn al to t he di rec t r es e t i np ut of atransparent latch 7 and for realizing read-on-the-fly or write-on-the-fly

operation even if timer input does not synchronize with the system clock is called as Timer & Control circuit.

Block Diagram:

Block diagram of speed checker

A circuitor network in which the output changes abruptly with an infinitesimal change in input at a predetermined operating point. Also known as trigger. A circuit in which an action is initiated by an input pulse.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM WITH OPERATION DETAILS:

Now-a-days we hear news about accidents on Highways very frequently. And in most of the cases main reason of accident is overspeed. Although all highways do have signboards indicating maximum speed limit for the sake of drivers safety, but still people does not obey highway speed limit. The project mentioned here is Speed checker and over speed detector for Highways. This project is designed and developed by taking into consideration the problem mentioned above. We have used two sensors in this project. These sensors detect the vehicle speed. Condition is that, the two sensors should be installed at a distance of 100 meteres apart from one another. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD display) is connected to this project. This display will show the vehicle speed. It will also intimate user if vehicle speed crossed the maximum speed limit or not. The project also has a Buzzer. Overspeed condition is indicated by turning on the Buzzer.

Description in detail:
As mentioned above, this project has two sensors. Here is the working of the project: A timer is started inside the microcontroller whenever a low pulse is received on the first sensor. Then microcontroller waits for pulse from second sensor. Timer is stopped whenever low pulse is received on second receiver. Then the microcontroller calculates the speed. Formula used to calculate speed is: Speed = Distance / Time Here in this project, Formula is interpreted as, Vehicle Speed = Distance between 2 sensors / Time taken by the timer

This project contains following blocks 1. Microcontroller We have used 89c51 microcontroller which is 8051 series microcontroller. 2. Sensors We have used IR sensors i.e. IR transmitters and IR receivers.

Applications and Advantages:

1. This can be used at Highways (National Highways, State level Highways). 2. This project can also be used inside university campus areas or inside any companys premises.

Future Development:
1. A CCTV Camera can be placed on the highway. If any vehicle has crossed the maximum speed limit then this camera will be triggerred to take a picture of the vehicle. 2. We can add voice announcement system. It will intimate the driver that he/she has crossed the over speed condition. 3. We can implement the GSM technology. So that the nearest highway security authorities will be informed about the vehicle which has over speed.