Module 2.

1: Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission An Overview

Module Outline:
Rapid urban growth coupled with poor infrastructure and high concentration of slums in urban centre especially in large cities has posed a big challenge for policy makers and urban planners in India. Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India, has taken a timely initiative in urban reform by launching a nation wide urban development programme under the banner of Jawaharlal Nehru Urban Renewal Mission (JnNURM). It was launched in December 2005 with ever largest urban schemes of Rs 50,000 crores with a core focus on urban infrastructure building, urban governance and basic services to urban poor. Basic Focus of JNNURM, as stated earlier, is reforms driven, fast track, planned development of identified cities with emphasis on efficiency in urban infrastructure/services delivery mechanism, community participation and accountability of Urban Local Bodies (ULBs)/Parastatals to the citizen. Objectives of the JNNURM are to ensure that the following are achieved in the urban sector: Focused attention to integrated development of infrastructure services in cities covered under the Mission Establishment of linkages between asset-creation and asset-management through reforms for long-term project sustainability Ensuring adequate funds to meet the deficiencies in urban infrastructural services Planned development of identified cities including peri-urban areas, outgrowths and urban corridors leading to dispersed urbanization Scale-up delivery of civic amenities and provision of utilities with emphasis on universal access to the urban poor Special focus on urban renewal programme for the old city areas to reduce congestion; and Provision of basic services to the urban poor including security of tenure at affordable prices, improved housing, water supply and sanitation, and ensuring delivery of other existing universal services of the government for education, health and social security.

Learning Objectives:
The main objective of this module is to give an overview of the Mission, the JnJURM project cycle, CDP structure, CDP- DPR linkages and outline of DPRs. The target groups include the city managers, engineers and other officials involved in City Planning and provision of basic services. The module is expected to contribute towards developing the awareness, knowledge and skills in guiding the preparation of CDP as well as DPRs in the context of JnNURM.

Module 2.2: Demand Assessment

Module Outline:
The process of urbanization has created a huge gap between demand and supply of urban services and infrastructure. This requires scaling up basic infrastructure facilities such as water supply, sewerage system, sanitation, solid waste management, roads and housing in existing urban areas and provision in new areas. The analysis of infrastructure needs is an important step in developing policies. The manner in which needs are defined and the nature of the needs have a direct impact not only on what will be built, but on the investments that will be made. The demand assessment is of great relevance to planners, who are responsible for making investment and management decisions about what services to provide the households. Demand assessment involves four main tasks: (1) selection of Study area (2) data collection, (3) data analysis, and (4) checks for validity. Data analysis can range from qualitative interpretation of participant observations, to simple tabular presentations of raw data from structured interviews, to sophisticated econometric estimation of household demand relationships. The accuracy and reliability of the results can be crosschecked by the use of multiple methods or repeated investigations. Infrastructure demand assessment can be classified in two important categories (1) Engineering Demand Assessment and (2) Social Demand Assessment. This module highlights the tools, methods to be adopted for demand assessment for infrastructure services. Appropriate assessment of demand has long term implications in terms of ascertaining the quality and levels of services.

Learning Objectives:
The primary aim of this module is to explicitly make it clear how to assess demand to various infrastructure services. It also aims at elaborating on the critical aspects required to be studied as a part of any development and infrastructure project. The target groups include the city managers, engineers and other officials involved in City Planning and provision of basic services. The module is expected to contribute towards developing the awareness, knowledge and skills in assessing demand for basic services.

Delivery Outlines :
Awareness Overview and importance of demand assessment Emerging tools and techniques Knowledge Overview and importance of demand assessment Critical Aspects required to be studied under varied development projects Case Studies Skills Calculation of Population projection Hands-on on estimation of Water Demand, Sewage and solid waste projections as per projected population etc Case Studies

Module 2.3: Project Design

Module Outline:
This module highlights the basic design criteria to be adopted while designing the urban infrastructure services as per the norms and guidelines laid out by various agencies, such as : Road Projects:1. Manual of Ministry of Road Transport and Highway (MORTH) 2. Indian Road Congress (IRC codes) Water Supply:1. Manual on Water Supply and Treatment Plant CPHEEO- Central Public Health and Environment Engineering Organization,1999 Sewerage:1. Manual on Sewerage and Sewage Treatment CPHEEO- Central Public Health and Environment Engineering Organization,1993 Solid waste :1. A Comprehensive MANUAL on Solid Waste Management Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organization (CPHEEO)

Learning Objectives:
The primary aim of this module is to elaborate on the aspect of Engineering design, which forms the soul of any development project. Various aspects critical to the design of all types of projects from water supply, road, drainage to solid waste are explained in the context of their basic principles and critical components designs (e.g. slope of pipes, diameter of pipes for designing of water supply network etc). The module is expected to contribute towards developing the awareness, knowledge and skills of the participants leading to capacity building in project designs.

Delivery Outlines :
Awareness General awareness on the aspect of Engineering design and updates on norms and guidelines Knowledge Various aspects critical to the design of all types of projects from water supply, road, drainage to solid waste are explained in the eye of their basic principals Exposure of latest project case studies Skills Critical components designs Details of how to design the project in terms of the relevant engineering components e.g. slope of pipes, diameter of diameter for designing of water supply network etc Hands on project design case studies

Module 2.4: Project Management

Module Outline:
Project Management is the discipline of organizing and managing resources in such a way that the project is completed within defined scope, quality, time and cost constraints. A project is a temporary and one-time endeavor undertaken to create a unique product or service, which brings about beneficial change or added value. This property of being a temporary and one-time undertaking contrasts with processes, or operations, which are permanent or semi-permanent ongoing functional work to create the same product or service over and over again. The management of these two systems is often very different and requires varying technical skills and philosophy, hence requiring the development of project management. The first challenge of project management is to ensure that a project is delivered within defined constraints. The second, more ambitious challenge is the optimized allocation and integration of inputs needed to meet pre-defined objectives. A project is a carefully defined set of activities that use resources to meet the pre-defined objectives. This module has been structured in such a manner so that it provides step-by-step assistance to our engineers/city managers in planning, scheduling, managing and monitoring of infrastructure projects. The module also covers the important aspect of Bid Process Management.

Learning Objectives:
The primary aim of this module is to help the officials organise any project in terms of appropriate / adequate usage of manpower and resources and maximising the productivity and quality of the project to produce a satisfactory result. The participants should be able to give a clear idea about the status of any projects as well as identification of the critical activities.

Delivery Outlines :
Awareness Over view of management Bid-Process management project Knowledge Various techniques to manage the processes during the project execution through successful completion Bids process management Skills How to make PERT, CPM & CDM Resource Management techniques Case Studies Overview of the available soft wares

Module 2.5: Survey & Investigation

Module Outline:
Preparation of Infrastructure project involves a chain of activities, such as, field surveys and investigations, selection of alignment, carrying out various designs, preparation of drawings and estimates project should be prepared after thorough investigations and collecting all relevant information and evaluation all possible alternatives. The extent and quality of investigations have a strong influence on selection of the most cost-effective design, estimation of quantities cost and execution of the job itself. It should be understood clearly that the extent of operations involved in surveys and investigations including the detailing of the individual aspects, would depend very much on the size and scope of each project. Depending on needs of the situation, one or more phases of investigations might be curtailed, telescoped or made extensive than prescribed in the manual. Recent developments in surveying equipment have been closely associated with advances in electronic and computer technology. The incorporation of data collectors and electronic field books with interfaces to computer, printer, and plotter devices has resulted in the era of total station surveying. The recent refinement in Global Positioning Systems (GPS) and techniques developed for military navigation had led to yet another dramatic change in surveying instrumentation. As a result of the technological breakthroughs in surveying and mapping the survey engineer of today must be better trained in a much broader field of science than the surveyor of even a decade ago. This module clearly outlines the various essential surveys and investigations involved in urban infrastructure project developments.

Learning Objectives:
The primary aim of this module is to create an awareness on the Relevance and types of field surveys, various Instrumentation and methodologies involved in the survey methods, project specific surveys and their specifications.

Delivery Outlines :
Awareness Relevance and types of field surveys Recent Advancements Knowledge Instrumentation and methodologies involved in various survey methods Important survey applications and their scope of work Skills Project specific Surveys and their components Techniques / Methods out puts Sample scope of work for surveys

Module 2.6: Engineering Economics

Module Outline:
In any development projects when proposals are developed, the economic and financial viability of each potential solution is normally considered along with the technical aspects. For each problem, there are usually many possible alternatives. The opportunity cost of making one choice over another becomes one of the important criteria while taking decision. Estimation of the project cost is necessary for evaluation of the required investments in any project. The construction industry is an ocean of activities and details, too many items descriptions and tiny technical differences but even these apparently tiny and miniscule detail differences change and affect the analysis, application of these activities. The item when is translated into a monitory value through a technical analysis of the composition of its constituent activities is termed as analysis of Rates. This is to arrive at a rate based on unit which can subsequently be multiplied with the quantity of units is called as the itemrate. The costs and estimates of the various projects and developmental works such as roads, buildings, bridges, culverts, irrigation, water supply and sewerage projects, maintenance works depends mainly on the quality and accuracy of the SOR. In estimating the economic costs, some items of the financial costs are to be excluded while other items, which are not part of financial costs, are to be included. The underlying principle is that project costs represent the difference in costs between the without-project and the with-project situations. This module intends to give an in-depth look at the rate analysis, SORs, project cost estimates and concepts of economic and financial assessment.

Learning Objectives:
The main objectives of this module are to familiarise the participants on aspects of Rate Analysis, SORs, and Project Cost estimates as well as with the concepts of project economic and financial assessments.

Delivery Outlines :
Awareness Emerging concepts of public private partnerships Project Sustainability Knowledge Project Cost Estimates Concepts of Economic & financial assessment Appropriate tariff for services Skills Rate Analysis & BOQs Project Viability Assessment Key Concepts in Economic & Financial Analysis

Module 2.7: Environmental and Social Safeguards

Module Outline:
Good environmental and social management practice is a well-established element in project preparation and implementation. It is even more important in the context of urban infrastructure projects, where issues related to community lives & livelihoods need to be dealt with extreme sensitivity. Thus, environmental and social safeguards should be considered to respond to the needs of the project and the opportunities provided by it, and seek to: Enhance positive and sustainable environmental and social outcomes associated with Project implementation Support the integration of environmental and social aspects associated with the numerous Sub-projects into the decision making process Support displaced persons in their efforts to restore their livelihoods and living standards and compensate any loss of livelihood or assets Enhance positive environmental and social outcomes Minimize environmental degradation as a result of either individual subprojects or their cumulative effects Protect human health and Minimize impacts on cultural property

The JNNURM program framework aims at creating economically productive, efficient, equitable and responsive cities. It is a capital intensive development program pivoted on the principle of reform conditionality based financing. It is further impart to ensure environmental and social sustainability of all its efforts. Thus, the concept of environmental and social safeguards assume significant importance in the context of JnNURM activities. This module highlights various pertinent environmental laws and legislations in the country along with the tools and methods for environmental and social safeguard measures to be taken up for Urban Infrastructure sub-projects.

Learning Objectives:
The primary aim of this module is to bring about awareness with respect to various environmental and social issues associated with infrastructure project cycles, pertinent legal frameworks, tools & methods for assessment as well as case studies of environmentally sound practices.

Delivery Outlines :
Awareness Over view of the Environmental & Social issues as well as concepts of ESMF Knowledge Development of Environmental & Social safeguards and its critical aspects Case study of ESS Skills Understanding of Project life cycle and environmental Tools and Methods for Environ-.Screening Sample Case studies

Module 2.8: Project Report Preparation

Module Outline:
A good report should be readable, interesting and well presented. Naturally the treatment will vary greatly according to the nature of the work done; nevertheless certain standards are generally applicable. This module includes a step-by-step approach towards logical organization of project activities and their presentation in a report format. It also covers some of the essentials, Dos and Do Nots while preparation of project reports. This module also provides adequate tips for visualization of information in forms of tables, graphs or maps and styles of referencing with sample case studies.

Learning Objectives:
The primary objective of this module is to train participants about report structure, its logical sequence and presentation in form of a report.

Delivery Outlines :
Awareness Need and importance of good reports Tool-kits Knowledge Need and importance of good reports Tool-kits Skills Need and importance of good reports Dos & Donts Structure and step by step guide